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FWCP Chap 08 Potential Annexation Areas_201302271053053588CHAPTER EIGHT — POTENTIAL ANNEXATION AREAS 8.0 INTRODUCTION Purpose of Subarea Plan The City of Federal Way Potential Annexation Area (PAA) was established through a series of interlocal agreements between the City of Federal Way and neighboring south King County cities. Based upon the State of Washington Growth Management Act (GMA) and King County Countywide Planning Policies, the City would ultimately annex and provide services within its designated PAA. While the Federal Way Comprehensive Plan (FWCP) focuses upon plans and policies for property in the City limits, this Subarea Plan augments the comprehensive plan and addresses in more detail the Federal Way PAA, located principally to the east of I-5, with a small portion located west of 1-5 and north of the City limits near the Redondo neighborhood. Over time, property owners in the PAA have made annexation requests to the City of Federal Way, which requires a thorough City analysis of service/capital expenditures, revenues, and other issues. To review its PAA comprehensively and in advance of individual requests, the City of Federal Way, with the support of King County, initiated a PAA Subarea Plan and Annexation Feasibility Study of which this PAA Subarea Plan is a part. By evaluating the feasibility of potential annexations and planning for the future delivery of services, residents of the PAA and the City can make more informed choices about their future. Specific Subarea Plan purposes include: ■ To act as an informational resource for the City and County staff, elected officials, residents, property owners, and business owners; ■ To identify the PAA-specific goals, policies, pre -annexation comprehensive plan and zoning map designations, and capital plans; and ■ To provide the City with a framework to guide future annexations. In coordination with the City's overall comprehensive plan, this PAA Subarea Plan provides a Year 2020 long-range land use and policy plan to guide pre -annexation planning efforts and annexation requests. PAA Location and General Characteristics The Federal Way PAA is located in South King County and, with the exception of a small future annexation area near the intersection of South 272"d Street and Pacific Highway South (SR 99), lies generally east of the City of Federal Way and Interstate 5. The PAA is characterized by a series of residential neighborhoods focused around numerous lakes beginning with Star Lake at the north and concluding with Five Mile Lake at the South (see Maps VIII-1 and VII-2, maps are located at the end of the chapter and were revised in 2007 as part of the 2006 Comprehensive Plan Amendments). FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Subarea Plan Relationship to Other Elements The GMA requires that the City of Federal Way prepare a 20-year comprehensive plan that at a minimum, addresses land use, housing, capital facilities, utilities, transportation, economic development, and parks and recreation. Optionally, a city or county may choose to include subarea plans and/or other elements. The GMA does not limit optional topics. Since its adoption in 1995, the FWCP has included policies identifying the need for comprehensive land planning in its designated PAA. The FWCP was prepared in accordance with the GMA and underwent an extensive public participation process, including City residents, property owners, and business owners as documented in the FWCP Introduction. The FWCP in its entirety contains ten elements: Land Use, Transportation, Economic Development, Housing, Capital Facilities, City Center, Potential Annexation Area, Natural Environment, and Private Utilities. The Consolidated Plan for Housing and Human Services, and the Parks Recreation and Cultural Services Plan are incorporated by reference. The PAA Subarea Plan is adopted as a component of the overall FWCP focusing upon the 5,000-acre future annexation area. It is intended that the City's comprehensive plan elements provide the general goals and policies for land use, transportation, economic development, etc. for the PAA as well as the City. However, the PAA Subarea Plan is intended to address unique characteristics or situations relevant to the PAA. Future annexation proposals will be evaluated, and, if approved, implemented in accordance with the provisions of the FWCP, that includes the PAA Subarea Plan. Subarea Planning Process and Concepts This PAA Subarea Plan has been prepared in accordance with an established work program that included reviews by the City of Federal Way, King County, and two working committees. The work program has included public participation throughout the process. The key steps in this planning process include: ■ Inventory — The inventory identifies current environmental and public service conditions. See the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002. ■ Analysis — Several analyses have been undertaken including land use and population review, levels of service (roads, surface water, police, etc.), and preliminary cost and revenue estimates. (Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003; Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Land Use Analysis Compilation, March 5, 2003.) ■ Draft Plan — The March 2003 Draft PAA Subarea Plan contained draft policies and plans, and was the basis for a fiscal analysis. Revised 2010 VIII-2 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas ■ Final Plan — Based on public input and the fiscal review of the Draft Plan, the Final Subarea Plan has been prepared. It is coordinated with the PAA Annexation Feasibility Study, including strategic alternatives such as annexation area phasing and service provision phasing. Adopted Plan — As part of the City's public hearing process, the Federal Way Planning Commission reviewed and made a recommendation to the Federal Way City Council Land Use/Transportation Committee (LUTC) regarding the adoption of the Subarea Plan. The LUTC reviewed the Subarea Plan and the Planning Commission recommendation and issued a recommendation to the Federal Way City Council regarding the adoption of the Subarea Plan. The City Council reviewed the Subarea Plan and the Planning Commission and LUTC recommendations and adopted the Subarea Plan, as recommended by the LUTC and substantially as recommended by the Planning Commission. As the PAA Subarea Plan and Annexation Feasibility Study progressed, key concepts were elicited about the PAA. ■ The City of Federal Way recognizes annexation as a citizen -based process. The Federal Way PAA Subarea Plan and Annexation Feasibility Study are intended to provide for advanced planning of the PAA, allowing both citizens and the City to make informed choices about their future. The PAA is part of the larger Federal Way community, but is distinct in its own right. Given its proximity, inter -dependent transportation network, shared school district/utility districts/emergency service providers, and the City's subregional economic role, the PAA is inter -related with the City of Federal Way. However, the PAA has its own unique characteristics —residential neighborhood variety, natural features including headwaters to several significant streams, a road system functioning with rural standards in an urbanizing area, some economic nodes such as in Redondo, and many other distinct features. Public Input Process Key to the development of the PAA Subarea Plan and Annexation Feasibility Study has been public participation. Public participation methods for the PAA Subarea Plan and Annexation Feasibility Study have included: ■ Articles for inclusion in City and utility district newsletters, and City and county website pages sites (www.cityoffederalway.com; www.metrokc.gov, respectively), as well as a link from the Federal Way School District website page to City and county websites. ■ Creation of a PAA Study webpage on the City's website that provided an opportunity for residents, property owners, and business owners to view draft and final work products, provide comments and suggestions, as well as other features. Revised 2010 VIII-3 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas ■ Coordination of draft work products with neighboring jurisdictions and affected agencies. ■ City facilitation of public neighborhood meetings with the North Lake, Lake Kilarney, and Lake Geneva Homeowner's Associations to explain the purposes of the PAA Study and its scope of work. ■ City -issued press releases announcing the publication of draft work products and the hosting of public meetings. ■ The maintenance of a comprehensive stakeholder list used for mailing public meeting announcements and the announcement of the issuance of draft work products. ■ The mailing of the City's quarterly newsletter to each PAA household. Each newsletter provided an update regarding the status of the PAA study and the announcement of draft work products. ■ Announcement of the publication of draft work products and hosting of public meetings on the City's public access television station. ■ PAA Steering Committee meetings open to the public. Steering Committee meetings were held in December 2001, January and February 2002, and January, April, and September 2003. ■ Public open houses where residents, property owners, and business owners had the opportunity to review information of interest relevant to their neighborhood, and talk individually with officials and staff. Public open houses were held in February 2002, and January and September 2003. Meetings were held at local public schools in the PAA and at the City of Federal Way City Hall. At the meetings, the public could review the PAA inventory, land use concepts, levels of service, and fiscal analyses, as well as provide comments and ask questions. ■ Public hearings and public meetings -before the Planning Commission, Land Use/ Transportation Committee and City Council to present formal testimony, including written comments in advance of the public hearings. A Steering Committee was formed to act as a "sounding board" reviewing products of the Subarea Plan and Annexation Feasibility Study, and assessing the direction of the project, particularly the Subarea Plan. The PAA Steering Committee consisted of officials from the Federal Way City Council, Planning Commission, School District, Chamber of Commerce, King County, Lakehaven Utility District, and PAA resident representatives. A Staff Work Group comprised of City staff from multiple departments, a county staff representative, utility district representatives, and Fire District staff provided technical review of PAA Subarea Plan products and furnished data and information to the Subarea Plan preparation team. Revised 2010 VIII-4 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas 8.1 POLICY BACKGROUND Statewide Planning Goals The GMA contains 13 statewide planning goals addressing: ■ Urban growth ■ Natural resource industries ■ Reduce sprawl ■ Open space and recreation ■ Transportation ■ Environment ■ Housing ■ Citizen participation and ■ Economic development coordination ■ Property rights ■ Public facilities and services ■ Permits ■ Historic preservation While all have been considered in the Subarea Planning process, three in particular are most relevant to PAA planning efforts: ■ Urban Growth — Encourage development in urban areas where adequate public facilities and services exist, or can be provided in an efficient manner. ■ Reduce Sprawl — Reduce the inappropriate conversion of undeveloped land into sprawling, low -density development. ■ Public Facilities and Services — Ensure that those public facilities and services necessary to support development shall be adequate to serve the development at the time the development is available for occupancy and use, without decreasing current service levels below locally established minimum standards. In terms of urban growth and reduction of sprawl, the PAA contains primarily single- family development, with a few commercial nodes along major arterial roadways, where services are or can be extended, identified as neighborhood or community centers. The land use/zoning pattern based on the pre -annexation comprehensive plan and zoning designations would result in urban densities of about four units per net acre or greater, meeting GMA goals for urban level growth. Select areas have pre -annexation comprehensive plan and zoning designations to accommodate approximately one residential unit per acre on the periphery of the PAA, due to sensitive areas and infrastructure limitations. The ability of the City and special districts to provide public facilities and services to the PAA is another key topic of this Subarea Plan. The principles contained in the Subarea Plan are to meet community service and infrastructure needs concurrent with growth, to conduct additional capital planning in areas where data gaps have been found (e.g. surface water), and to provide public services in a cost-efficient manner recognizing the historic level of service differences between the City and the county. Revised 2010 VIII-5 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Countywide Planning Policies In King County, the Countywide Planning Policies (CWPP's) that were enacted pursuant to the GMA also provide guidance with regard to multi jurisdictional joint planning, annexation, and the phasing of urban development. The most applicable policies are: LU28 Within the Urban Growth Area, growth should be directed as follows: a) first, to centers and urbanized areas with existing infrastructure capacity; b) second, to areas which are already urbanized such that infrastructure improvements can be easily extended; and c) last, to areas requiring major infrastructure improvements. LU29 All jurisdictions shall develop growth phasing plans consistent with applicable capital facilities plans to maintain an urban area served with adequate public facilities and services to maintain an urban area to meet at least the six year intermediate household and employment target ranges consistent with LU67 and LU68. These growth phasing plans shall be based on locally adopted definitions, service levels, and financing commitments, consistent with State GMA requirements. The phasing for cities shall not extend beyond their Potential Annexation Areas. Interlocal agreements shall be developed that specify the applicable minimum zoning, development standards, impact mitigation, and future annexation for the Potential Annexation Areas. LU30 Where urban services cannot be provided within the next 10 years, jurisdictions should develop policies and regulations to: a. Phase and limit development such that planning, siting, densities, and infrastructure decisions will support future urban development when urban services become available. b. Establish a process for converting land to urban densities and uses once services are available. FW13 Cities are the appropriate provider of local urban services to urban areas, either directly or by contract. Counties are the appropriate provider of most countywide services. Urban services shall not be extended through the use of special purpose districts without the approval of the city in whose potential annexation area the extension is proposed. Within the urban area, as time and conditions warrant, cities should assume local urban services provided by special purpose districts. LU31 In collaboration with adjacent counties, cities, and King County, and in consultation with residential groups in affected areas, each city shall designate a potential annexation area. Each potential annexation area shall be specific to each city. Potential annexation areas shall not overlap. Within the potential annexation area, the city shall adopt criteria for annexation, including conformance with Countywide Planning Policies, and a schedule for providing urban services and facilities within the potential annexation area. This process Revised 2010 VIII-6 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas shall ensure that unincorporated urban islands of King County are not created between cities and strive to eliminate existing islands between cities. LU32 A city may annex territory only within its designated potential annexation area. All cities shall phase annexations to coincide with the ability for the city to coordinate the provision of a full range of urban services to areas to be annexed. LU33 Land within a city's potential annexation area shall be developed according to that city's and King County's growth phasing plans. Undeveloped lands adjacent to that city should be annexed at the time development is proposed to receive a full range of urban services. Subsequent to establishing a potential annexation area, in -fill lands within the potential annexation area that are not adjacent, or not practical to annex, shall be developed pursuant to interlocal agreements between the County and the affected city. The interlocal agreement shall establish the type of development allowed in the potential annexation area and standards for that development so that the area is developed in a manner consistent with its future annexation potential. The interlocal agreement shall specify, at a minimum, the applicable zoning, development standards, impact mitigation, and future annexation within the potential annexation area. LU34 Several unincorporated areas are currently considering local governance options. Unincorporated urban areas that are already urbanized and are within a city's potential annexation area are encouraged to annex to that city in order to receive urban services. Where annexation is inappropriate, incorporation may be considered. The CWPP's are particularly reflected in Subarea Plan sections 8.11 and 8.14, Public Services and Capital Facilities, and Annexation. City Planning Goals or Policies The Land Use Chapter of a comprehensive plan plays a central role in guiding and directing all other chapters by indicating the desired land use pattern that consequently drives the demand for infrastructure and services. The key City planning goals are based then on the City's land use concept in the FWCP (see Federal Way Land Use Chapter, Map H-2). In summary, the City of Federal Way land use concept is based upon creating land use patterns that support multiple modes of transportation, with attention to neighborhood enhancements and protection, and community amenities and needs (design quality; parks; etc.) to ensure compatible land uses. These concepts include the transformation of the City's retail core into a dense, mixed use City Center, preservation of residential neighborhoods, a hierarchy of mixed -use retail and employment nodes to serve the community, and development that recognizes environmentally sensitive areas. The PAA, as part of the larger Federal Way community, is reviewed in this Land Use Concept framework, while also reviewed with respect to unique PAA circumstances. Revised 2010 VIII-7 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Consistency of Subarea Plan with Key State, Countywide, and Local Planning Goals This Subarea Plan has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Washington State GMA, the King County CWPP's, and the FWCP to ensure coordinated planning. In summary, the Subarea Plan is consistent with the following state, regional, and City "indicator" policies: Growth Management Act — The Subarea Plan applies urban densities to accommodate growth, avoid sprawl, and provide services efficiently within the Urban Growth Area. As described in Section 8.5, the predominant land classification would support urban level densities except in areas with significant environmental or infrastructure limitations. Public service capital and operational needs and improvements are identified to support the PAA land use plans. Countywide Planning Policies — The land capacity of the PAA would accommodate the PAA housing target of 1,320 units and employment target of 134 between 2001 and 2022, described further under Section 8.5. Public service capital and operational needs and improvements are identified to support the PAA land use plans. The phasing of services and annexation areas is encouraged in Subarea Plan policies. ■ City Policies — Subarea Plan designations and policies support the comprehensive plan, such as the hierarchy of commercial centers, by providing for local -serving commercial and mixed -use nodes, and by supporting the predominant residential character of the PAA. 8.2 CITY OF FEDERAL WAY POTENTIAL ANNEXATION AREA Federal Way PAA Boundary Federal Way Adoption of PAA Boundary Process The City of Federal Way formally began the process of evaluating its logical service delivery areas and the boundaries of its PAA with the publication of a July 1991 issue paper. This paper examined the requirements of GMA as they relate to UGA's, and included a discussion of how urban services were being provided. The paper also described special purpose district boundaries, the transportation system, parks and recreation facilities, and physical features that potentially affect urban service delivery. The analysis that was included in the 1991 issue paper provided the basis for a proposed PAA area for the City. Staff presented the issue paper and proposed Urban Growth Boundary to the Federal Way Planning Commission. The commission reviewed the proposal and held a public hearing. Most of the testimony received by the commission was supportive of the proposed urban growth boundary. The commission recommended that the City Council adopt the proposed PAA boundary. Revised 2010 VIII-8 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The City Council accepted the recommendation, but did not adopt it. Rather, the council directed staff to begin negotiations with the neighboring cities of Auburn, Milton, Algona, Pacific, Des Moines, and Kent, all of who had developed urban growth boundaries that overlapped with Federal Way's proposal. The City negotiated with each of its municipal neighbors for the better part of a year. By the Fall of 1993, staff presented a revised PAA boundary to the City Council. The council reviewed the proposal and adopted the PAA boundary on December 21, 1993. That boundary was amended in 1994. The City executed interlocal agreements with all of the neighboring cities based on the boundary shown on Map VIII-1. Neighborhood Analysis Levels For purposes of data collection efficiencies and resources, the PAA has been divided into three Major Subareas, as well as seven smaller Community Level Subareas. The Major and Community Level Subareas are as follows (see Map VIII-2): ■ The Redondo East Community Level Subarea is in the Redondo East Major Subarea (both with identical boundaries), west of I-5, and is approximately 43 acres in size. ■ Star Lake, Camelot, and North Lake Community Level Subareas comprise the Northeast Major Subarea, east of I-5 and north of SR-18, and total approximately 2,527 acres in size. ■ Lakeland, Parkway, and Jovita Community Level Subareas comprise the Southeast Major Subarea, east of I-5 and south of SR-18, and total approximately 2,470 acres in size. The subarea boundaries are based upon City -defined Transportation Analysis Zones, which align with census tract geography, neighborhood affinities as expressed in prior county planning efforts, and the ability of the county to provide information within existing resources, as well as input from the PAA Steering Committee in December 2001. Accomplishments since 1991 Issue Paper The following has been accomplished since completion of the 1991 Issue Paper: Used technical information from neighboring jurisdictions and information from affected citizens to identify and establish a PAA boundary for the City of Federal Way. ■ Established an interlocal agreement on mutually agreeable PAA boundaries with the following South King County Cities: Des Moines, Kent, Auburn, Algona, Pacific, and Milton. Revised 2010 VIII-9 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas ■ Completed a preliminary analysis of the PAA that identified potential issues associated with annexation and a scope of work for a more comprehensive study of the PAA. ■ Completed a comprehensive study of the PAA in conjunction with King County. The comprehensive study of the PAA includes several phases as described above: inventory, analysis, draft and final plan formulation, etc. The Federal Way PAA Inventory (March 18, 2002) addresses a range of environmental, economic, and social conditions within the Federal Way PAA. The Inventory is primarily a compilation of readily available data from King County, special districts, and the City of Federal Way, and was supplemented with some limited field review. The purpose of the inventory was to serve as a basis for additional planning and analysis of the PAA, including levels of services, current and future fiscal conditions, and subarea planning. The PAA Inventory was followed by a series of reports about levels of service (LOS) in the PAA (Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003). The LOS reports address a wide range of governmental services including, community development, human services, parks/recreation, police services, roads, surface water, solid waste, water, and wastewater. However, the LOS reports focus upon surface water and transportation in more detail due to the complexity and importance of these services to the community and the City. Also completed was a series of land use classification and policy analyses analyzing current and proposed land use patterns and policy issues. These recent PAA inventories and analyses are summarized and integrated as appropriate into this Subarea Plan. Additional phases addressing costs and revenues and annexation strategies in the Annexation Feasibility Study, December 2003, have also been integrated with this PAA Subarea Plan. 8.3 Feasibility Analysis Annexation Feasibility Analysis Purpose An Annexation Feasibility Study (December 2003) has been prepared to estimate the long-term fiscal impact annexation would have on the City of Federal Way. This section provides information on the basic assumptions and methodology of the analysis. The results of the feasibility analysis are reviewed in the appropriate topical section of this PAA Subarea Plan (e.g. transportation, surface water, and parks and recreation), but are summarized in total in Section 8.11. As a baseline assessment, the Feasibility Study looks at the net fiscal gap the new, expanded City of Federal Way would face if the City were to annex any of the identified PAAs while trying to maintain current levels of services and current levels of taxation and fees. Revised 2010 VIII-10 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas To account for the differences between the fiscal impacts associated with the day-to-day operation of the City and the impacts associated with needed capital investments, the Feasibility Study takes a three -pronged approach to assessing impacts. 1. Estimate the incremental operating costs introduced by annexation of the PAAs on an annual basis, and compare those costs to the incremental revenues the City would receive from the same areas. 2. Discuss how the balance of operating costs and revenues would be likely to change in future years. 3. Estimate the additional capital investments that the City would take on with annexation and compare those costs to the additional capital revenues the City could expect to receive from the PAAs. To provide the most intuitive and up-to-date information about estimated impacts, this analysis provides a snapshot of what the operating impacts would be if the City were in the position of fully governing each PAA in 2003. The assessment of operating impacts is based on 2003 costs of service and 2003 tax and fee structures, as outlined in the City of Federal Way 2003/2004 Adopted Budget, and is intended to represent a picture of fiscal impacts under steady-state operation. In essence, these estimated steady-state operating impacts reflect the ongoing "costs" that the City would face each year, beginning perhaps, in the third year after annexation and extending into perpetuity.' Estimated costs of capital improvements are based on the most recent available data (2002) and reflect estimates of the combined investments that will be necessary through the planning horizon of 2020 (all presented in 2002 dollars). There is no material effect on this fiscal analysis from using 2003 operating costs impacts and 2002 capital costs, primarily because the capital improvement costs are expressed in current (2002) dollars, regardless of when the projects may be built in the next 20 years. The purpose of estimating the hypothetical gap that would be created if the City were to try to extend current service levels to the PAAs without increasing taxes is to present decision makers and the public with a picture of the true "cost" of annexation. Ultimately, any such gap between costs and revenues is hypothetical. Cities have no choice but to cover their costs of operation. Consequently, if Federal Way were to annex any of the PAAs, any estimated "cost" associated with annexation would have to be made up through some combination of: (1) stretching City resources through decreased levels of service and/or (2) increasing City revenues. ' In the initial years of annexation costs could be either higher or lower than the estimated steady- state impacts, depending on how the City chose to manage annexation. Among the determinants of transition -period costs will be the direct and indirect costs of managing the transition and the pace at which the City chooses to ramp up certain, discretionary service levels in the annexed area. Revised 2010 VIII-11 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The Feasibility Study implementation strategies are integrated into the Subarea Plan Section 8.11, and examine a variety of options to improve the financial feasibility of future annexations. The Feasibility Study provides fiscal analysis and annexation strategies that are integrated into the Federal Way PAA Subarea Plan, particularly in terms of: ■ Identifying public services and capital improvements that would need to be in place to serve the Subarea Plan current and future land use pattern over time, and ■ Incorporating into Subarea Plan policies the strategies regarding agency coordination, funding sources, future land use amendments, levels of service, and others, that could improve the financial feasibility of annexations in the PAA. Study Area Population Population data for the Annexation Feasibility Study covers several time periods. The data is consistent among time periods, but different periods are used in order to produce the most accurate forecast of operating and capital costs and revenues. Baseline data was developed from the last US Census and other sources that used the US Census. This enabled the study to start from a reliable base of data for the year 2000. The operating cost/revenue analysis is a snapshot in time based on the City's 2003 budget and rates, with some trend analysis. As a result, population forecasts for 2003 were prepared for use in the analysis of operations. The capital cost/revenue analysis covers the period 2002 through 2020 in order to provide a long-range forecast similar to other long-range planning strategies for capital. The data to support the capital improvements analysis is based on the City's PAA market population and employment forecast from 2000 to 2020. Table VIII-1 (page 13) shows the population and housing units for each major subarea and the total PAA for the years 2000, 2002, 2003, and 2020. The area included in this fiscal analysis comprises a substantial population equal to approximately 25 percent of the 2002 population of the current City of Federal Way (83,850, 2002). Revised 2010 VIII-12 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-I Year 2000, 2002, 2003, and 2020 Population and Housing Subarea 2000 Population 2000 Housing Units (Total) 2002 Population 2002 Housing Units 2003 Population 2003 Housing Units 2020 Population 2020 Housing Units Redondo 260 150 260 150 260 150 388 204 East Northeast 11,600 3,900 11,900 4,015 12,300 4,130 15,870 5,705 Subarea Southeast 8,700 3,200 8,800 3,307 8,900 3,340 9,761 3,564 Subarea PAA Total 1 20,560 7,250 20,960 7,4721 21,460 7,6201 26,0191 9,473 Source: 2000 U S Census, and King County Office of Regional Policy and Planning, January 2002; ECONorthwest 2002 and 2003 Feasibility Study Methodology - Cost and Revenue Forecasts There are many ways to forecast costs and revenues associated with annexation. Examples include per capita analysis or estimates that are based on the experiences of a handful of so-called "comparable" cities. The City of Federal Way desired an analysis with a high degree of reliability; therefore, the study approach to evaluating the fiscal impacts of annexation is based on a more detailed analysis of the fundamental characteristics of the three PAA major subareas and comparisons of those characteristics with the defining characteristics of the existing City. The Feasibility Study analysis looks at the fundamental drivers of demand for City services within the existing boundaries of Federal Way, and based on a comparison of similar drivers in the three PAAs, estimates the additional demand for each service that would be introduced by annexation of each area. In the case of law enforcement, for example, a typical assessment of service costs might be based on figures like average -cost -per -resident, or the cost associated with extending police services in a manner that would maintain the City's current count of officers -per - thousand -residents. While each of these measures is attractive due to their ease of use, neither measure does a particularly good job of capturing the true demand for police services. To account for the unique characteristics of the PAA major subareas (and to account for the many differences between the PAAs and the existing City of Federal Way) the Feasibility Study estimates of the demand drivers for police services take into account, first, differences in the level of commercial activity among each of the areas and second, the different characteristics of each area's residential base. Revised 2010 VIII-13 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Among households in each of the PAAs, the study estimate of police demand distinguishes between the typical demand characteristics associated with five different combinations of housing type and tenure: (1) owner -occupied single-family homes; (2) renter -occupied single-family; (3) owner -occupied multifamily; (4) renter -occupied multifamily; and (5) mobile homes. The estimates of the relative contribution of each of these segments of the residential base to police demand is based on a series of statistical analyses of more than 100 cities across Washington State. Other examples of drivers used in this study include: land area (solid waste and surface water services), signals/street lights/road miles/population (traffic and road maintenance services), as well as several others. Feasibility Study Assumptions The Feasibility Study analysis is based on five assumptions: ■ Redondo East, Northeast, and Southeast PAAs would receive levels of service similar to those now provided by the City of Federal Way. ■ The current LOS, staffing, and expenditures in Federal Way is the benchmark for forecasting comparable LOS, staffing, and costs in the PAA. ■ Cities that have undertaken annexations in the past have found that there is a surge in demand for services after annexation. The study methodology of "drivers" and "outputs" produces a more accurate forecast than a simple population -driven forecast, but it may not fully capture the increment of increased demand during the first few months after annexation. ■ The fiscal analysis includes cost and revenue estimates only for those taxes or services that would change upon annexation. The local services that would not change include water and sewer, fire/EMS, schools, regional transit, health services, and regional parks. In other words, after annexation existing school and fire district boundaries will remain as they are, and regional transit, health, and regional parks will continue to be provided by King County. ■ The Feasibility Study projections of revenues and costs for determining fiscal analysis are conservative. This means that when a forecast includes judgment as well as data, the study selected lower alternatives for revenues and higher alternatives for costs. Again, Feasibility Study results are integrated throughout the Subarea Plan by relevant topic, but are fully summarized in Section 8.11. Revised 2010 VIII-14 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas 8.4 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Environmentally sensitive areas in the PAA include wetlands, streams and lakes, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, aquifer recharge areas, frequently flooded areas, and geologic hazard areas. The March 18, 2002, PAA Inventory Report provides a detailed inventory and description of these critical areas. Many of these areas have already been identified, delineated, mapped, and classified. In addition, the inventory report details the implications of federal, state, and local policies regarding environmentally sensitive areas pending any potential future annexation. Summary of Inventory The Federal Endangered Species Act (ESA), Washington State Priority Habitat and Species Program (PHS), and the GMA provide levels of protection for endangered, threatened, or sensitive species and habitats, and hazard protection. Please refer to Maps VIII-3 and VIII-4 for locations of sensitive and hazard areas within the PAA. A brief description of the results from research on the environment is provided below. Wetlands There are approximately 440 acres of wetlands in the PAA, with the largest acreage of wetlands found in the Northeast Subarea. Within the smaller individual community subareas, Lakeland has the largest acreage of wetlands (see Map VIII-3). Both the county and City have regulations protecting wetlands with buffers and other requirements varying by wetland class. Streams A distinctive characteristic of the PAA is that most of the area is a headwater to several major streams (Hylebos Creek, Mullen Slough, and Mill Creek). Most of the streams in the Federal Way PAA are classified by the county as Class 2 with salmonids requiring a 100-foot buffer. If using the City of Federal Way classification system, most streams would be considered major streams, also requiring a 100-foot buffer. Lakes Lakes in the PAA include Star, Dollof, North, Killarney, Geneva, and Five Mile lakes. The Federal Way Revised Code (FWRC) has defined specific wetlands within the City as regulated lakes, i.e. those located in the City and contained in King County Wetlands Inventory Notebook Volume 3, South. Upon annexation of areas containing lakes, the City would designate specific lakes within the PAA as regulated lakes. The setback requirement for regulated lakes is 25-feet landward in every direction from the ordinary high water mark of the lake. Revised 2010 VIII-15 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Based on the state Priority Species and Habitat Mapping Program, within the PAA there are three anadromous running streams. These include the headwaters of West Hylebos creek, the south draining stream from Lake Dolloff, and East Hylebos Creek south of Lake Kilamey. King County has also identified downstream and west of I-5 in the City limits that Hylebos Creek has a "Chinook distribution 500 foot buffer." The City defmition of fish and wildlife area is found in FWRC 14.05.030. The federal ESA listings of two fish, Chinook and bulltrout, as threatened are resulting in reassessments of county and City policies and permitting procedures. Interim ESA approaches in the King County permit process include use of existing regulatory tools with greater emphasis on application and enforcement, as well as the adoption of more stringent comprehensive plan policies. The City of Federal Way requires all project applicants to fill out an "ESA Listed Salmonids Checklist," primarily using the SEPA process to determine mitigation required beyond code requirements. Aquifer Recharge Areas King County has mapped low, medium, and high potential groundwater contamination areas in the PAA, and has adopted numerous regulations addressing critical aquifer recharge areas. These regulations address on -site sewage disposal systems, clearing restrictions, and through some overlay districts restrict certain land uses. The county is also in the process of preparing a Groundwater Management Program, which is slated to produce a Groundwater Management Plan for South King County, including Federal Way and its PAA. It is expected that this plan will include a work program to guide future actions and will establish a groundwater protection committee to guide its implementation. The Lakehaven Utility District's main source of water is from four aquifer systems that underlie the City: the Redondo -Milton Channel Aquifer, the Mirror Lake Aquifer, the Federal Way Deep Aquifer, and the Eastern Upland Aquifer. The locations of wells in relationship to the aquifer systems are shown on Map VIII--3. Aquifer recharge areas are located in areas where permeable soil and rock materials are relatively close to the land surface and where there is an excess of water from precipitation. The Lakehaven Utility District notes that the precise extent of the aquifer recharge areas is uncertain. Highline Water District services a small part of the PAA in the Star Lake area. Until 1962, all water came from the Highline District's wells. Today, about 90 percent of the water supply of the district is purchased from Seattle Public Utilities. The district supplements its Seattle water source with local wells. The wells, which draw from an intermediate aquifer approximately 400 feet underground, were designed to furnish approximately 15 percent of the total volume of water supplied by the district. The district has wells located in Des Moines and also near Angle Lake outside of the PAA and Federal Way. Revised 2010 VIII-16 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas As defined in the City of Federal Way Sensitive Area Ordinance, siting criteria for wells must comply with state law. Furthermore, any improvement or use on a subject property is subject to state requirements regarding separation of wells from sources of pollution. Frequently Flooded Areas There are no Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recognized frequently flooded areas in the City of Federal Way. There is a 100-year floodplain located around Lake Dolloff in the PAA (see Map VIII-3). King County regulations require that development activities, including fill, may not cause the base flood elevation to rise. Federal Way has floodplain regulations in FWRC Chapter 19.142. Geologic Hazard Areas There are small portions of the Parkway, Jovita, and North Lake Subareas, which have landslide hazard areas and erosion hazard areas, mostly located near streams or steep slope areas. There are also small portions of the Camelot and Lakeland Subareas that have erosion hazard areas. The Star Lake Subarea has a significant proportion of both landslide hazard and erosion hazard areas along its eastern border. Please refer to Map VIII-4. Environmental Goals and Policies The following environmental goal and policies are provided to address PAA environmental conditions. Environmental Goal Practice environmental stewardship by protecting, enhancing and promoting the natural environment in and around the PAA. Environmental Policies PAA Env —1 Prior to and upon annexation, the county and City in partnership shall promote the protection of PAA wetland and lake complexes, as much of the area is a headwater to significant fish -bearing streams, including Hylebos Creek, Mullen Slough, and Mill Creek. PAA Env — 2 The county shall, prior to annexation, manage the 100-year floodplain of Lake Dolloff in accordance with federal, state, and county laws and guidelines. Regulations to prevent reductions in base flood storage volumes should continue to be implemented. Upon annexation, the City shall continue the policy and practice of floodplain management. Revised 2010 VIII-17 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas PAA Env — 3 Prior to and upon annexation, the county and City in partnership should encourage the establishment of an active lake management system to monitor and manage lake water quality. This management system should actively involve property owners, homeowner's associations, lake management districts, and agency stormwater utilities within the PAA. PAA Env — 4 Prior to the annexation of large areas, updated surface water basin management plans should be prepared by the county in conjunction with the City for the PAA basins and sub -basins, particularly east of I-5. Basins and sub -basins should be prioritized for study and coordinated with all appropriate state and local agencies. The topology, soils, drainage, flow and channel monitoring, vegetation, habitat identification, utilities, R/D maintenance, and mitigation policies should be uniquely identified and defined for each basin/sub-basin. PAA Env — 5 In preparation of applying City environmentally sensitive area regulations in the future, the City and county should inventory and map steep slope areas in the PAA. PAA Env — 6 Prior to and upon annexation, the City should coordinate with the King County Solid Waste Division regarding the environmental monitoring of the closed Puyallup/Kit Corner Landfill. PAA Env — 7 The City shall coordinate with King County through interlocal agreements or other means to institute common environmental protection standards while the area is in transition from county to City jurisdiction. Standards would include, but are not limited to, wetland buffers and mitigation standards, stream buffers, geologically hazardous area disturbance avoidance and buffers, and others as appropriate. 8.5 LAND USE Existing Land Uses With the exception of the Redondo East neighborhood, which lies along Pacific Highway South and contains a higher percent of land devoted to multifamily or commercial uses, the Federal Way PAA contains primarily single family residential land uses as shown in Figure VIII-1 (page 19), and Table VIII-2 (page 20). Of any neighborhood, the Parkway neighborhood has the most acres in multiple family uses although still primarily containing single family uses. Revised 2010 VIII-18 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Figure VIII-1 Potential Annexation Area 2002 Existing Land Use Distribution (Based on Total Acres) 158.8 73.2 130.2 0o u 30.6 725 ■ Commercial ❑ Easements ■ Industrial ❑ No Data ❑ Office ■ Open Space, Common Areas & Drainage ■ Public Park ■ Quasi -Public ■ Recreation ❑ Residential, Multi -Family ❑ Residential, Single -Family ❑ Rights -of -Way ■ Utilities ❑ Vacant ❑ Water Revised 2010 VIII-19 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-2 Existing Land Use by Parcels CATEGORY Redondo East Star Lake Camelot North Lake Lakeland Parkway Jovita Acres % Acres % Acres % Acres % Acres % Acres % Acres % Agriculture 0.0 0% 5.5 1% 0.0 0% 1.3 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% Commercial 4.8 11% 12.2 1% 7.2 1% 0.9 0% 47.0 3% 1.1 0% 0.0 0% Easements 0.0 0% 6.0 1% 12.3 1% 0.1 0% 6.8 1% 2.8 0% 0.0 0% Industrial 1.9 4% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 10.5 1% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% No Data 0.0 0% 1.1 1 0% 12.1 1% 0.0 0% 0.7 0% 0.0 1% 0.3 0% Office 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.2 0% 2.3 1% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% Open Space, Common Areas, & Drainage 0.2 1% 27.7 3% 35.8 3% 1.8 0% 7.7 1% 56.9 9% 0.1 0% Public Park 0.0 0% 16.7 2% 18.4 1% 0.0 0% 64.7 5% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% Quasi -Public 0.0 0% 46.0 5% 49.5 4% 0.0 0% 24.3 2% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% Recreation 4.4 10% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% Residential, Multi -Family 9.3 21% 6.2 0% 53.4 4% 1.4 0% 30.1 2% 82.8 11% 3.9 0% Residential, Single -Family 6.9 16% 412.3 50% 702.6 54% 140.6 37% 643.0 47% 271.9 41% 217.3 49% Rights -of -Way 7.0 16% 105.3 1 13% 190.6 15% 57.7 15% 179.2 13% 128.7 19% 56.8 13% Utilities 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% 30.6 5% 0.0 0% Vacant 8.8 20% 165.7 20% 202.0 15% 126.5 33% 295.9 22% 87.1 13% 167.1 37% Water 0.0 0% 33.6 4%1 20.7 1% 51.9 13% 52.61 4% 0.0 0% 0.0 0% TOTAL 43.3 100% 838.3 100%1 1304.8 100% 384.5 100% 1362.5 1 100% 661.9 100% 445.5 100% Notes: The acre figures are derived from the Arclnfo Geographic Information System (GIs). Multi family includes triplex, fourplex, apartments, condominiums, and group homes. No data is used for parcels where King County parcel information was unavailable. Easements include transportation and utility. Not all right of way is developed. Source: King County Department of Assessments 2001 and City of Federal Way GIs Division, 2002 While the predominant land use in the PAA neighborhoods is residential, there are several businesses, including the following types: ■ Redondo - Convenience stores, taverns, fast food, auto service and repair, personal services, offices, manufacturing, vehicle storage, and others ■ Star Lake - Tavern, nursery ■ Camelot - Gas stations, offices ■ North Lake - Nursery, gas station ■ Lakeland - Convenience store, espresso, auto repair, day care center ■ Parkway - Auto salvage and towing. ■ PAA Generally - Numerous home occupations (for example, home day care operations, individual construction contractors, home -based professional services, and others) Revised 2010 VIII-20 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas During the years 2000 and 2001, King County processed a variety of land use and building permits, including preliminary plats containing approximately 576 lots, as well as multifamily developments totaling about 605 units. The majority of the preliminary plat lots were located in the Star Lake and Lakeland neighborhoods, and the majority of the multi -family units permitted were located in the North Lake and Star Lake neighborhoods. Residential development has continued since the compilation of county data in 2000 and 2001. Essential Public Facilities RCW 36.70A.200 states that essential public facilities are, "...those facilities that are typically difficult to site, such as: ■ Airports, ■ State education facilities, ■ State or regional transportation facilities as defined in RCW 47.06.140, ■ State and local correctional facilities, ■ Solid waste handling facilities, ■ In -patient facilities including substance facilities, mental health facilities, group homes, and ■ Secure community transition facilities as defined in RCW 71.09.020. Essential public facilities can be government owned and operated facilities, or privately owned facilities that are regulated by public entities. This definition is not considered to be all-inclusive, but provides examples of facilities that are difficult to site. No local comprehensive plan or development regulation may preclude the siting of essential public facilities. The PAA contains several essential public facilities, including highways of statewide significance such as I-5 and SR-18, a WSDOT maintenance facility, the closed & monitored Puyallup/Kit Corner Landfill (see section 8.11, Solid Waste), group homes, and potentially others that remain to be identified beyond present inventory efforts. Under county or City plans and rules, essential public facilities are required to undergo a review process for siting them. Cultural Resources The King County Historic Preservation Program has identified historic properties included in the King County Historic Resource Inventory. The only designated or potentially eligible historic landmarks are in the Lakeland neighborhood of the Southeast Subarea (see Map VIII-6). The Sutherland Grocery and Gas Station, built in the 1930's, was designated a King County Landmark in 2002. The two other potentially eligible historic sites are the Westborg House, a farmhouse built in 1905 by M. Westborg on property originally part of a 160-acre homestead owned by James Duncan, and the Fancher House, a home and barn built in 1923. Revised 2010 VIII-21 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The King County Historic Preservation Program recommends an inventory update to identify any additional historic properties in the PAA area, as well as the City limits, since the last inventory was conducted 15 years ago. Additionally, the county recommends an interlocal agreement for preservation services to provide a mechanism and incentives for protecting significant historic properties within the current and future annexed City boundaries. Land Use Plan The predominant character of the PAA consists of single-family residential with several nodes of commercial and multifamily uses, principally along arterial roadways. The King County land use plans governing the PAA have generally recognized this character. For the Federal Way PAA Subarea Plan, the base or starting point for developing a comprehensive land use plan was first to match the most similar City classification to the current county classification. Although the basis of the PAA Subarea Plan is the King County Comprehensive Land Use Plan, the City conducted a detailed review of existing land uses and future land use/ zoning classifications to determine if adjustments to the basic land classification system were warranted in certain locations of the PAA. Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis produced a series of maps to help identify: ■ Nonconforming Uses — Existing uses that either under the King County classification/zoning system or the City potential classification/zoning system may be considered nonconforming—i.e. legally established land uses that do not conform to existing zoning regulations. ■ Mobile Home Parks and Units — Mobile home parks and single manufactured homes that may or may not meet Federal Way manufactured home park design standards. ■ Parcel Size and Minimum Lot Size Requirements — Parcels smaller than the minimum lot size associated with potential zoning categories. Additionally, other issues and locations were reviewed, including: ■ King County R-1 zoning areas were reviewed to determine if environmental characteristics warrant Federal Way equivalent zoning (RS-35.0) to King County's R-1 (one residential dwelling per acre) zoning. Potential Incompatibilities — The PAA Subarea Planning Team reviewed sites where there could be a potential for incompatibility with City policies/codes, or other concerns. Revised 2010 VIII-22 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The result of the land use and zoning analysis is a land use plan that: Recognizes and supports the predominant single-family suburban character of the PAA. ■ Recognizes the need for neighborhood or community level business goods and services at key nodes in the PAA such as at the intersection of arterials. ■ Creates a consistent, compatible long-term land use pattern recognizing the predominant and unique character of PAA neighborhoods. Land Use Capacity Analysis The Federal Way PAA has an estimated Year 2003 population of 21,460 with most of the population residing in the Northeast Subarea. The GMA and King County CWPP's require that King County and its cities accommodate their fair share of the future growth projected for King County. The PAA has been found to contain a large supply of vacant and underdeveloped land, with the capacity to accommodate significant future development (approximately 3,717 dwelling units as described further below). Future development "targets," expressed in the number of housing units, are determined through an interactive, multi jurisdictional process between King County and cities located within, considering land capacity, market factors, and other parameters. Through this ongoing regional process, the PAA growth target for the years 2001 to 2022 is established at 1,320 units. The employment target is established at 134 jobs. The PAA land capacity yield can be compared with the growth targets to help determine the ability of the land use plan to meet growth management obligations. As part of a countywide effort to prepare an analysis of buildable lands pursuant to GMA requirements, the county has estimated the capacity of vacant and underdeveloped (land not developed to full potential) lands in the PAA. Consistent with regionally established methods that are tailored to reflect King County conditions, the total vacant and underdeveloped acres were discounted for critical areas such as wetlands, streams, and steep slopes, rights -of -way and public purpose lands, and market factors (i.e. not all property owners would want to sell or develop). These acres were then multiplied by density factors based upon achieved densities in developed projects over the period 1995- 2000. The results for the 20-year period of 2001 to 2022 are a potential dwelling capacity of 3,754 units and an employment capacity of 134 jobs calculated by King County. The City of Federal Way conducted a similar residential capacity analysis with results of 3,717 dwelling units, very close to the county's analysis since similar land use classifications are assumed. It should be noted that a capacity analysis may make adjustments or discounts to the amount of available land, but does not estimate the time or rate that growth will occur, only the capacity of the land for additional development. The market demand for homes and places of employment will in part determine the timing and rate of growth within the 20-year planning period for the PAA. To help identify potential market demands, the City conducted a market analysis for the PAA with the Puget Sound Regional Council Revised 2010 VIII-23 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas forecasts as a starting point. The outcome of the market analysis is a year 2000 to year 2020 projection of 2,223 dwelling units and 115 jobs, which for dwellings exceeds the PAA housing targets, and for employment approaches the employment target, in a nearly similar time horizon. For the purposes of capital facility planning, the market analysis figures are used to ensure that facility planning efforts do no overestimate facility demand, capital needs, and funding requirements. The market analysis population growth to 2020 and the City level of service standards have been the basis for the capital needs projections in this Subarea Plan. The county or City plans need to accommodate and direct growth in its comprehensive plan, development regulations, and resource allocation decisions, but the achievement of the Subarea Plan land use plan and other policy objectives will be driven in large part by the private sector, including individual property owner decisions. It is the county and City role to provide opportunities and capacity to meet regional fair share growth, monitor growth, and respond to changing needs and circumstances as they arise through regular review of comprehensive plans, development regulations, and budgets. Comprehensive Plan Land Use Relationship to Pre -Annexation Zoning As part of implementing the PAA Subarea Plan, the City has the option of adopting a pre -annexation comprehensive plan and zoning map designations (RCW 35.13.177), which would become effective upon annexation. Pre -annexation comprehensive plan classification and zoning map designations could provide more certainty to property owners and residents about the future character of the area should they annex to the City. As part of the Federal Way PAA Subarea Planning Process, a more specific PAA Pre - Annexation Zoning Map shown in Map VIII-7 has been prepared to correspond to the proposed PAA Pre -Annexation Comprehensive Plan in Map VIII--6. The process of adopting a pre -annexation land use plan and pre -annexation zoning would follow these steps in accordance with RCW 35.13: After a proposed comprehensive plan or zoning regulation is prepared, the legislative body of the city must hold at least two public hearings on it. These hearings must be held at least 30 days apart. Notice of each hearing must be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the annexing city and in the area to be annexed. The notice must give the time and place of hearing. A copy of the ordinance or resolution adopting the proposed plan, any part of the proposed plan, or any amendment, together with any map referred to or adopted by the ordinance or resolution, must be filed with the county auditor and the city clerk. The ordinance, resolution, and map must be duly certified as a true copy by the clerk of the annexing city. The county auditor is to record the ordinance or resolution and keep the map on file. (Municipal Research & Services Center of Washington, Annexation Handbook, Revised December 2001 - Report No. 19) Revised 2010 VIII-24 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The adopting ordinance for the pre -annexation plan and zoning should specify the time interval following an annexation during which the ordinance adopting the pre -annexation plan and zoning, must remain in effect before it may be amended, supplemented or modified by subsequent ordinance or resolution adopted by the annexing city or town. Any amendment to the pre -annexation land use plan that is adopted as part of the Comprehensive Plan is subject to the general GMA limitation that the comprehensive plan may be amended no more frequently than once a year, unless exceptions are met. (Municipal Research & Services Center of Washington, Annexation Handbook, Revised December 2001 - Report No. 19) The Steering Committee held public meetings in preparing the Subarea Plan. Planning Commission and City Council public hearings were held as part of the Subarea Plan process to fulfill local City public participation requirements and the requirements to ultimately establish Pre -Annexation Comprehensive Plan and Zoning Map designations (see Maps VIII-6 and VII-7, respectively). Land Use Goals and Policies The PAA land use goal and policies are provided in this section, and address land use character and land use planning in the PAA. Land Use Goal Respect the character, integrity, and unique qualities of PAA neighborhoods in land use planning efforts. Land Use Policies — General Policies PAA LU —1 Proposed annexations should be implemented to be consistent with the pre -annexation land use plans and zoning of the Federal Way PAA Subarea Plan (see policy PAA Annex-4). PAA LU — 2 City and county plans and regulations shall emphasize single-family detached dwellings as the primary use in the PAA's established single- family neighborhoods. PAA LU — 3 The City and county PAA commercial and multi -family land use patterns and regulations should meet community needs, respect the hierarchy of districts and centers in the Federal Way planning area, and support the Federal Way City Center. PAA LU — 4 The City and county PAA land use plan should provide sufficient zoned capacity, and a variety of housing types, to address total household growth targets for the PAA. Revised 2010 VIII-25 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas PAA LU — 5 Areas with significant environmental hazards, unique or fragile ecosystems of high rank, order, and function, or long-term infrastructure limitations, may be further protected beyond the application of development regulations through Federal Way RS-35.0 zoning in the Star Lake, Jovita, and Parkway neighborhoods. PAA LU — 6 To promote financially self-supporting annexations, the City should support the county in facilitating or conducting coordinated master or sub -area planning of vacant, underdeveloped, or transitional land areas in the PAA that may present unique and/or highly visible sites for high tax generating land uses, such as but not limited to auto sales. Expedited or advanced environmental review, incentives to encourage assemblages of land, and/or coordinated and comprehensive approaches to site development and environmental protection should be considered. Cultural Resources Policies PAA LU — 7 Prior to and upon annexation, the City and county should coordinate with the King County Historic Preservation Program, the Cultural Development Authority of King County, and local historical societies (such as the Historic Society of Federal Way) to promote the preservation of historic resources in the PAA. PAA LU-8 The City and/or county should conduct a PAA historic inventory update prior to or upon annexation. PAA LU-9 The City should consider mechanisms to offer historic preservation services and incentives in the PAA upon the annexation of PAA properties into the City, including but not limited to, an interlocal agreement with King County for resource evaluation and incentives. Economic Development Policies PAA LU —10 Commercial locations, development standards, and permitted uses of City and county comprehensive plans and zoning regulations should reflect a hierarchy of business districts, recognizing the Federal Way City Center as the primary Citywide business center, and business districts in the PAA as secondary and tertiary nodes catering to local and/or neighborhood needs. PAA LU —11 The City and county should support neighborhood level business retention, improvement, and development on commercially zoned properties to the east of I-5 to meet the needs of local residents. PAA LU —12 The City and county should promote the redevelopment and strengthening of viable commercial centers, such as in the Redondo East Community Subarea. Revised 2010 VIII-26 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas PAA LU —13 Commercial development should be encouraged on properties designated commercial on the PAA comprehensive plan land use and zoning maps to help meet the PAA employment target determined in the CWPP's. Essential Public Facilities Policies The FWCP Land Use chapter policies address essential public facilities. Additional policies are not included. 8.6 HOUSING Summary of Inventory The Federal Way PAA has an estimated Year 2003 population of 21,460, with the larger population residing in the Northeast Subarea. As of the Year 2000, a majority of the dwelling units are single-family (83 percent; 6,050 units) in the PAA as a whole, and most dwellings are owner -occupied rather than rented except in Redondo East. Most of the single-family housing has typically been developed since 1960. However, there are pockets of older, well -maintained homes occupied by long-time area residents. The communities with the newest single-family housing stock include Redondo East, Star Lake, and Parkway. Few single-family homes are considered to be in poor condition and most are considered average in all neighborhoods. Neighborhoods with the highest percent of homes rated "good" by the King County Assessor include Camelot, Jovita, and Lakeland. There are about 1,200 multifamily units in the PAA (17 percent of total Year 2000 units). PAA multifamily complexes (excluding mobile home parks) are described by the King County Assessor as average or low quality in condition. The King County CWPP's commit the City and the county to ensuring there is capacity in their comprehensive plans to meet their assigned targets, which for the PAA equals 1,320 additional housing units. There is sufficient vacant and underdeveloped land in the PAA to accommodate this target without significant zoning changes. It should be noted, however, that the timing and rate of this growth would occur based upon market forces. In addition to apportioning general housing growth targets, the CWPP's indicate that jurisdictions should promote affordable housing to low and very low income households, at 20-25 percent and 17 percent of the overall housing target respectively. In 1998, King County published a King County Market Rate Affordability Study. A review of the housing stock affordability was conducted for the City of Federal Way, and all of Unincorporated King County. The results show that Federal Way and Unincorporated King County as a whole provide substantial percentages of affordable housing, both ownership and rental, particularly in relation to other King County locations. Housing Revised 2010 VIII-27 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas sales information for the PAA would tend to support the countywide study. Considering principal and interest (seven percent assumed) costs, most single-family homes would be affordable to households of Low -Median income level (80 percent), and some are affordable to Moderate Income households (60 percent). Relative to each other, the Jovita and Camelot neighborhoods are the most affordable, and the Star Lake and Redondo East neighborhoods are the least affordable (see Table VIII-3). Table VIII--3 PAA Housing Sales and Affordability Housing/Mortgage Characteristic Camelot North Star Jovita Lakeland Parkway Redondo Lake Lake East Median Sales Price for SF Sales* $162,500 $174,000 $245,000 $159,500 $203,000 $185,000 $214,900 Count of Transactions 466 35 259 70 186 264 10 2001 Average Assessed Value of Single Family Homes $152,443 $187,658 $187,301 $160,798 $189,162 $172,263 $212,029 Monthly Mortgage Payment for 95% $1,026.59 $1,099.25 $1,547.79 $1,007.64 $1,282.45 $1,168.74 $1,357.63 Median Sales Price: 7% interest** Annual Mortgage Costs for 95% Median $12,319.13 $13,190.94 $18,573.45 $12,091.70 $15,389.43 $14,024.85 $16,291.57 Sales Prices: 7% interest** Year 2002, income level at 80% of median $54,400 King County Income, Family of 4 Year 2002, income level at 60% of median $46,740 King County Income, Family of 4 80% of Median Income x 30% of Annual $16,320.00 Income, Family of 4 60% of Median Income x 30% of Annual $14,022.00 Income, Family of 4 Notes: *Includes recorded sales valued at $25,000 and above for the years 1999, 2000, and most of 2001. **Assumes Mortgage Payment Factors (principal and interest only) 30 year fixed, seven percent interest. The inclusion of taxes and insurance, as well as a higher interest rate would raise monthly housing costs, but there appears to be a margin between the mortgage figures and affordable monthly housing costs, which would mean conclusions would generally stay the same when factoring in those other costs. Source: ECONorthwest, Inc.; Bucher, Willis & Ratliff; U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development As growth occurs, a key policy would be to help maintain the conditions allowing for housing affordable to a variety of incomes. Housing Goals and Policies For the PAA, the following housing goal and policy have been developed. Housing Goal Promote the preservation and enhancement existing residential neighborhoods, and allow for new housing developments meeting future needs in the PAA. Revised 2010 VIII-28 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Housing Policy PAA House —1 The City, in cooperation with King County, should promote the preservation of existing housing. Private investment should be encouraged in older residential neighborhoods and multifamily complexes. Programs supporting weatherization, home repair and rehabilitation, and infrastructure maintenance should be supported. The FWCP Housing chapter policies address housing stock protection, existing and future affordability, and special needs, and would also be applicable to the PAA. 8.7 PARKS AND RECREATION Summary of Parks Planning Efforts and Inventory The City of Federal Way Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Services (PRCS) Department has prepared a Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Comprehensive Plan, which was originally created in 1991 and updated in 1995 and 2000. The PRCS plan is currently being updated and once completed will be adopted by reference into the FWCP. The plan divides the City and PAA into subareas for purposes of long-range planning. The primary goal of the Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Comprehensive Plan is to assure that a park serves every neighborhood in Federal Way. Currently, the City is providing 10.1 acres of parks per 1,000 population in the current City limits. The City's goal is to provide a level of service of 10.9 acres per 1,000 in population within the City limits. The City's goal is to maintain this level of service standard as Federal Way grows in population and size. The City of Federal Way's existing parks and recreational areas are divided into six categories. Each category represents a distinct type of recreational activity or opportunity. Please note that this classification system is for the existing parks only. The categories are: Neighborhood Parks, Community Parks, Regional Parks, Special Use Areas, Trails, and Undeveloped Land/Open Space Areas. The total parkland in Federal Way equals 846.0 acres as of year 2002. The PAA is primarily served by five county park sites totaling 109.52 acres (see Table VIII-4, page 30, and Map VIII--5). All of the active park facilities are located in the Lakeland community subarea, while natural park and passive park areas are found in the Star Lake and Camelot community subareas. Completed in 2000, the South County Ballfields Phase 2 is the only recent capital project completed in the PAA. Furthermore, King County Executive's Proposed 2002-2007 Capital Improvement Program does not include plans for any new projects or improvements in the PAA. Revised 2010 VIII-29 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-4 PAA Park Facilities Owned By King County PAA Neighborhood Park Site Name County Park Plan Classification Acreage Star Lake Bingaman Pond Natural 16.72 Camelot Camelot Park Passive 18.08 Lakeland Five Mile Lake Park Lake Geneva Park South County Ballfields Active Active Active 31.71 18.64 24.37 Total Acres 109.52 Source: Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002 In addition to King County parks, the Federal Way School District (during non -school hours) and the State of Washington also provide public recreation facilities and opportunities in the PAA. These include sites located in the Camelot and North Lake community subareas. Private recreation facilities may also be required in residential subdivisions and developments of five units or more in accordance with King County development regulations and King County's determination of recreation facility needs. Future Parks and Recreation Needs Currently, the PAA's existing amount of park acres does not meet the City's level of service standard for parks and recreation (see Table VIII--S, page 31). Additionally with forecast growth additional demand for park services would occur. These existing and forecast park and recreation needs to meet City levels of service would require investment of capital and operating revenue sources to provide for park services. Table VIII-6 (page 32) identifies the capital costs of providing park services to meet existing and future parks & recreation needs for the major subareas of the PAA: Redondo, Northeast (Star Lake, Camelot, and North Lake) and Southeast (Lakeland, Jovita, Parkland). A discussion of public service operating and capital costs and revenues, including parks & recreation, can be found in Section 8.11, Public Services and Capital Facilities. Revised 2010 VIII-30 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-S PAA and City Parks Levels of Service Level of Service Measure Redondo Northeast Southeast Federal Way East PAA PAA Subarea PAA Subarea A. Neighborhood Park Land Acres per 1,000 Population • Total acres of parks (2-7 acres) with playgrounds divided by population (times 1,000) Actual Level of Service (acres per 1,000) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 Level of Service Standard (acres per 1,000) NA* NA* NA* 1.7 B. Community Park Land Acres per 1,000 Population • Total acres of community -wide parks (15-25 acres) for active use divided by population times 1,000 Actual Level of Service acres per 1,000 0 0 8.6 2.6 Level of Service Standard acres per 1,000 NA* NA* NA* 2.8 C. Trail Acres per 1,000 Population • Total acres of trail system divided by population (times 1,000) ** Actual Level of Service (acres per 1,000) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 Level of Service Standard (acres per 1,000) NA* NA* NA* 2.2 D. Open Space Acres per 1,000 Population Total acres undeveloped land by population (times 1,000) Actual Level of Service (acres per 1,000) 0.0 3.0 0.0 4.2 Level of Service Standard (acres per 1,000) NA* NA* NA* 6.0 E. Community Center Square Feet per 1,000 Population • Total square feet divided by population (times 1,000) Actual Level of Service (square feet per 0.0 0.0 0.0 131 1,000) Level of Service Standard (square feet per NA* NA* NA* 600 1,000) Source: Henderson, Young & Company, July 11, 2003 * King County LOS standards are based on a parks classification system that is different than the City of Federal Way ** There are no trails in the PAA meeting the City's definition of a trail. Revised 2010 VIII-31 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-6 Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Capital Costs for Parks and Recreation Project ID Capital Project List Project Costs in 2002 Dollars Design Acquisition Construction Total Year of Construction and Project Costs in 2002 Dollars 2002-2007 2008-2014 2015-2020 1.00 Areawide CIP 0 0 0 0 Programs 2.00 Parkway Neighborhood 2.01 Neighborhood Parks 271,581 810,006 1,081,587 360,529 360,529 360,529 2.02 Community Parks 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.03 Trails 229,878 1,348,618 1,578,496 526,165 526,165 526,165 2.04 Open Space 1,198,152 5,573 1,203,725 401,242 401,242 401,242 2.05 Community Center 0 334,368 334,368 111,456 111,456 111,456 Subtotal Parkway 0 1,699,611 2,498,565 4,198,176 1,399,392 1,399,392 1,399,392 Neighborhood 3.00 Jovita Neighborhood 3.01 Neighborhood Parks 89,416 266,688 356,104 118,701 118,701 118,701 3.02 Community Parks 147,273 774,897 922,170 307,390 307,390 307,390 3.03 Trails 75,686 444,022 519,708 173,236 173,236 173,236 3.04 Open Space 394,482 1,835 396,317 132,106 132,106 132,106 3.05 Community Center 0 110,088 110,088 36,696 36,696 36,696 Subtotal Jovita 0 706,857 1,597,530 2,304,387 768,129 768,129 768,129 Neighborhood 4.00 Lakeland Neighborhood 4.01 Neighborhood Parks 198,072 590,761 788,833 262,944 262,944 262,944 4.02 Community Parks 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.03 Trails 167,657 983,585 1,151,242 383,747 383,747 383,747 4.04 Open Space 873,846 4,064 877,910 292,637 292,637 292,637 4.05 Community Center 0 243,864 243,864 81,288 81,288 81,288 Subtotal Lakeland 0 1,239,575 1,822,274 3,061,849 1,020,616 1,020,616 1,020,616 Neighborhood Subtotal Southeast 0 3,646,043 5,918,369 9,564,412 3,188,137 3,188,137 3,188,137 Area 5.00 North Lake Neighborhood 5.01 Neighborhood Parks 146,434 436,748 583,182 194,394 194,394 194,394 Revised 2010 VIII-32 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Project ID Capital Project List Design Project Costs in 2002 Dollars Acquisition Construction Total Year of Construction and Project Costs in 2002 Dollars 2002-2007 2008-2014 2015-2020 5.02 Community Parks 241,185 1,269,027 1,510,212 503,404 503,404 503,404 5.03 Trails 123,948 727,162 851,110 283,703 283,703 283,703 5.04 Open Space 646,032 3,005 649,037 216,346 216,346 216,346 5.05 Community Center 0 180,288 180,288 60,096 60,096 60,096 Subtotal North Lake 0 1,157,599 2,616,230 3,773,829 1,257,943 1,257,943 1,257,943 Neighborhood 6.00 Star Lake Neighborhood 6.01 Neighborhood Parks 235,557 702,564 938,121 312,707 312,707 312,707 6.02 Community Parks 387,977 2,041,390 2,429,367 809,789 809,789 809,789 6.03 Trails 199,386 1,169,731 1,369,117 456,372 456,372 456,372 6.04 Open Space 320,264 1,490 321,754 107,251 107,251 107,251 6.05 Community Center 0 290,016 290,016 96,672 96,672 96,672 Subtotal Star Lake 0 1,143,184 4,205,191 5,348,375 1,782,792 1,782,792 1,782,792 Neighborhood 7.00 Camelot Neighborhood 7.01 Neighborhood Parks 551,934 1,646,176 2,198,110 732,703 732,703 732,703 7.02 Community Parks 909,068 4,783,178 5,692,246 1,897,415 1,897,415 1,897,415 7.03 Trails 467,181 2,740,795 3,207,976 1,069,325 1,069,325 1,069,325 7.04 Open Space 1,657,564 7,710 1,665,274 555,091 555,091 555,091 7.05 Community Center 0 679,536 679,536 226,512 226,512 226,512 Subtotal Camelot 0 3,585,747 9,857,395 13,443,142 4,481,047 4,481,047 4,481,047 Neighborhood Subtotal Northeast 0 5,886,530 16,678,816 22,565,346 7,521,782 7,521,782 7,521,782 Area 8.00 Redondo East Neighborhood 8.01 Neighborhood Parks 22,690 67,675 90,365 30,122 30,122 30,122 8.02 Community Parks 37,372 196,638 234,010 78,003 78,003 78,003 8.03 Trails 19,206 112,675 131,881 43,960 43,960 43,960 8.04 Open Space 100,104 466 100,570 33,523 33,523 33,523 8.05 Community Center 0 27,936 27,936 9,312 9,312 9,312 Subtotal Redondo Area 0 179,372 405,390 584,762 194,921 194,921 194,921 Total 0 9,711,945 23,002,575 32,714,520 10,904,840 10,904,840 10,904,840 Source: Henderson Young and Company, 2003 Revised 2010 VIII-33 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas To develop capital cost estimates, first, the standard for park land was multiplied times the population of each neighborhood in the PAA to calculate the number of acres of each type of park land that is needed to serve the population of each area. Second, the acres needed were compared to the number of acres of existing parks. Whenever the acres needed were more than the acres of existing parks, the difference is the number of acres to be acquired through the Capital Improvement Program (CIP). Third, the cost of acres to be acquired through the CIP was estimated using City estimates of costs per acre. The CIP project costs were calculated by multiplying the City's cost per acre (or mile, or square foot, as appropriate) times the number of acres (or miles or square feet) needed for each neighborhood. The portion of the park capital cost estimate that would be attributed to meeting the higher City parks level of service standard for the existing population (i.e. the cost of the existing "deficiency" —providing Federal Way's level of service to the existing PAA population) is $25.6 million, and the cost of growth through the year 2020 is $7.1 million for a total cost of $32.7 million. The Northeast Subarea has low maintenance costs because it has little parkland now. The high capital cost in this CIP will bring the Northeast Subarea up to the City's standard and that, in turn, will cause a significant increase in future operating costs. Parks & Recreation Goals and Policies The following goal and policies address PAA parks and recreation needs. Parks Goal Maintain current facilities and acquire new lands to meet PAA community park and recreation needs. Parks Policies PAA Park —1 The City should continue to address the PAA in its comprehensive parks, recreation, and open space system plans. PAA Park — 2 The City should review county park maintenance and operation plans for each county park facility that may be transferred in the event of annexation. The City will assess available resources at the time of annexation and determine the appropriate level of maintenance for all acquired county facilities. PAA Park — 3 Additional parkland, open space, and trails should be acquired and developed according to the standards outlined in the City of Federal Way Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Comprehensive Plan. Phasing in a gradually increasing level of service standard may be appropriate based on agency resources at the time of annexation. Revised 2010 VIII-34 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas 8.8 SURFACE WATER Summary of Inventory The PAA is almost entirely within the nearly level upland plateau which is immediately adjacent to steep slopes at the edge of the Green and White River valleys, and Puget Sound (in the case of the Redondo Subarea). As a result, historical stormwater systems within the PAA include a series of lake and wetland complexes that drain in steep ravines to the rivers and streams below. The most distinctive characteristic of the PAA is that most of the area is a headwater to several significant streams (Hylebos Creek, Mullen Slough, and Mill Creek). Five drainage basins have been identified by King County mapping within the PAA. These designations also agree with the City of Federal Way designations: Lower Green River, Mill Creek, White River, Hylebos Creek, and Lower Puget Sound (see Map VIII-8). Surface Water Facilities Within the various drainage basins, the PAA contains a variety of surface water facilities that require inspection and maintenance by several county divisions and/or property owners as listed in Tables VIII-7 through VIII-9 (regional and local surface water facilities are shown on Map VIII-8): Table VIII-7 In -Road Surface Water Facilities Facility Measurement Unit Redondo Subarea Northeast Subarea Southeast Subarea Curb And Gutter LF lineal feet 1,902 252,806 92,206 Catch Basin & Manhole EA each 19 1,361.00 633 Paved Ditch And Gutter LF lineal feet 0 755 450 Open Ditch LF lineal feet 707 85,292.00 81,916.00 Enclosed System SP lineal feet storm pipe 1,557 149,913 70,980 Cross Tile And Access EA each 9 985 699 Cross Culverts EA each 7 614 332 Curb & Gutter And Thick RM road mile 0.3 55.2 22.5 Bridge Drains EA each 0 6 6 Auxiliary Pie LF lineal feet 1 2,697 1,611 Trash Racks EA each 0 0 0 Headwalls EA each 0 1 0 Cross Culverts LF lineal feet 0 590 0 Box Culverts EA each 0 0 0 R/D Facilities EA each 0 2 1 Source: King County Roads Division, January 2002 Revised 2010 VIII-35 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-8 Regional Stormwater Facilities Subarea Facility Name Address Type of Facility Northeast Sweet Briar Drainage Improvement 4700 S 292"d St (immediately east of 4613 S 292" d) Pipe Northeast P-32 (Camelot Park) 29800 36` PIS Pump Station Northeast Lake Dolloff Outlet 4200 308` PIS Channel/weir Southeast Peasley Canyon Culvert 5100 S Peasley Canyon Rd Culvert Southeast S. 360th St. Embankment 2100 S 3601St Regional R/D Southeast Regency Woods Div 1 37546 21" Ave S HDPE Pipe Southeast Regency Woods Div 1 37694 18` PI S. HDPE Pipe Southeast Regency Woods Div 4 37934 23d PIS HDPE Pipe Southeast Regency Woods Div 4 37811 21" Ct S HDPE Pipe Southeast Regency Woods Div 4 1817 S 380'h PI HDPE Pipe Source: King County Department of Natural Resources, December 21, 2001; January 29, 2002 Table VIII-9 Residential and Commercial Drainage Facilities Type of Facility Subarea Number of Facilities Residential Northeast 40 Southeast 26 Redondo 1 Total 67 Commercial Northeast 9 Southeast 16 Redondo 4 Total 29 TOTAL 96 Source: King County Department of Natural Resources, December 21, 2001; January 29, 2002. Surface Water Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003. Surface Water Problems One function of drainage system maintenance is to respond to complaints and problems in connection with drainage conditions. The data in the PAA Inventory report (March 18, 2002) indicated that most of the citizen complaints have come out of the Star Lake and Camelot neighborhoods in the Northeast subarea, two of the more populated neighborhoods. However, out of 160 complaints received in the past five years, only eight remained open with the King County Roads Maintenance Division as of December 2002. The closed complaints were resolved in various ways: technical advice, determination that there was no identifiable problem, maintenance work, referral to other agencies, etc. Most complaints appeared to be resolved with routine responses. A few complaints required more study or action for resolution. No information was obtained about their disposition. It is likely that some of the more enduring problems overlap the drainage problems observed by King County Road Maintenance, discussed below. Revised 2010 VIII-36 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Discussion with King County Roads Maintenance Division 3 indicates a number of locations with drainage related problems. Certain street locations are subject to occasional flooding. Also, as noted in the PAA Inventory, the area around Lake Dolloff is in a designated floodplain. Recently the Roads Maintenance Division addressed surface water problems with a 48-inch crosstile at Peasley Canyon Road, and a pipe and catch basin within an easement to Lake Geneva. The Peasley Canyon Road area is subject to landslide and erosion due to sensitive environmental conditions (designated landslide and erosion hazard area). Lake Geneva is subject to periodic maintenance for cleaning of inlets and drainage structures, which indicates potential for periodic sediment and debris accumulations. More problematic drainage conditions indicated by King County Roads Maintenance Division 3 are listed in Table VIII-10. The drainage facilities and locations listed are subject to flooding by excessive stormwater flows, and must be monitored during storms. The problems are severe enough to warrant study of a design solution for the facility and the local drainage system. Several other nearby areas with known problems are also listed in the following Table VIII-11. The problems may be related to drainage conditions in the PAA, possibly contributing flow or groundwater, and Federal Way may be asked to participate in a solution to that problem. Problems on Tables VIII-10 and VIII-11 appear on Map VIII-8. Table VIII-10 Road Maintenance Problems in PAA King County Maintenance Division 3 No. Subarea Street Problem 1. Northeast SE 288 St @ I-5 Two Catch basins 2. Northeast 3366 S 290th St Two Catch basins 3. Northeast 38 Ave S & S 304th Water over road signs. On going problem. 4. Southeast S 342 nd St & 44th Ave S Crosstile east of 44h Ave S should be monitored. Source: King County Roads Maintenance Division 3, 2002, Updated April 2003 Table VIII-11 Road Maintenance Problems Near PAA King County Maintenance Division 3 No. Subarea Street Problem 5. Northeast S 296th St east of 64th Ave S w/of W Steep bank, excessive water. Should be Valley Rd from 64th Ave S down to monitored. Merideth Hill 6. Northeast S 296t St east of 61" Ave S w/of 55h Crosstile to pond. Should be monitored. Ave S 7. Northeast Lower Lk Fenwick Rd S 36" inlet to MH/lake overflow. Needs to be monitored. 8. Northeast W Valley Hwy between S 272 d — S 285th Flooding. Needs to be monitored. 9. Redondo Old Star Lake Rd from S 272 Id to All inlets and Catch basins. Needs to be East Military monitored. Source: King County Roads Maintenance Division 3, 2002, Updated April 2003 Revised 2010 VIII-37 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas It is anticipated that after annexation, Federal Way will experience a similar level of complaints and responses in the PAA. Costs associated with complaint response would include staff time to respond to inquiries and issues, and the labor, equipment, and materials to provide minor corrective actions. Non -routine problems, i.e. street flooding, severe stream bank erosion, etc., may become more identifiable over time and require further action. Certain problem areas may require continual non -routine maintenance due to existing environmental conditions (such as Peasley Canyon Road), or could become candidates for further study and capital improvements (such as Lakes Geneva and Dollofi). Future Surface Water Needs As part of a more detailed level of service analysis (Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003), program and capital improvements have been identified. To transition the PAA from the existing county level of service to the Federal Way program for surface water, the following actions will be needed. ■ The City will need to conduct a field inventory of the storm drainage conveyance system for inclusion in a map or GIS database. ■ The City facilities and GIS databases will need to be updated to provide coverage of the PAA. ■ The increased inventory of facilities to maintain, due to the annexation, will over the long term require a proportional increase in the City's maintenance budget. ■ Increased program space needs will possibly require larger maintenance facilities than those currently planned by Federal Way and possibly accelerate the need for new facilities. ■ It is anticipated that after annexation, Federal Way will experience a level of complaints and responses in the PAA similar to current levels. Costs associated with complaint response would include staff time to respond to inquiries and issues, and the labor, equipment, and materials to provide minor corrective actions. ■ Non -routine problems, i.e. street flooding, severe stream bank erosion, etc., may become more identifiable over time and require further action. Certain problem areas may require continual non -routine maintenance due to existing environmental conditions (such as Peasley Canyon Road), or could become candidates for further study and capital improvements (such as Lakes Geneva and Dollofi). ■ Ten Regional Stormwater Facilities constructed and maintained by King County will need to be maintained by Federal Way. Revised 2010 VIII-38 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas ■ King County has identified 67 residential and 29 commercial drainage facilities in the PAA. The residential facilities are inspected and maintained by King County. The commercial facilities are inspected by King County and maintained by the property owner. Federal Way will need to evaluate the feasibility of inspection and maintenance. An initial sustained cleaning effort will likely be needed to bring the ditch system to a level of improvement where minimal routine maintenance would be needed. This could take approximately two years, depending on the levels of accumulations and restoration needed, and may need to respond to the Tri- County Regional Road Maintenance Program, a program that implements road maintenance practices that protect habitat by reducing pollutants and sediment from reaching environmentally sensitive areas such as rivers, streams, and wetlands. The program also encourages the removal of old road culverts and other blockages that prevent fish from reaching spawning areas. ■ It is anticipated with the annexation that Federal Way may take a more active role with the drainage and water quality aspects of the PAA lake system. There are various options for Federal Way to set up the lake management system, including use of homeowners associations, lake management districts, and the City's stormwater management utility. ■ Upon annexation of the PAA, it is anticipated that Federal Way will expand its water quality program to provide more lake water quality management and surface water quality monitoring. This could include a variety of program elements, such as volunteer groups, monitoring stations, community organization, and public education. ■ Federal Way will need to increase other stormwater program components to include the PAA. A notable expansion element will be a field inventory of the storm drainage system, which is a part of the Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination requirement in the Phase II National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. ■ Potential capital improvements are anticipated to include: o The four problem areas indicated in Table V111--10, from King County Maintenance Division 3. Some additional improvements may be needed depending on the outcome of complaints that have remained open as shown in the PAA Inventory. o The King County Executive Proposed Basin Plan for Hylebos Creek and Lower Puget Sound includes the following: ➢ Project 2442: South 360th Street Regional Detention Pond — Construct a regional detention facility on tributary 00116A at about South 360th Street (extended). This project may be completed through a partnership with the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) and the City of Federal Way. Revised 2010 VIII-39 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas ➢ Project 2444: SR 161 Conveyance Upgrades — Upgrade three culvert crossings at tributaries 0016A, 0016, and 0006. ➢ Project 2446: SR 161 Regional Pond — Construct a regional detention facility on tributary 0015 at SR 161. As the basin plan is ten years old, it is likely that the conditions and potential project list should be re-examined and prioritized. o There are several projects identified in the Mill Creek Special Area Management Plan and Mill Creek Basin Flood Management Plan. These projects are not within the PAA; however, the City of Federal Way may be asked to help adjacent jurisdictions with cost sharing in the future if annexation occurs because King County was identified as a possible agency which could provide cost sharing and because of the location of the headwaters for these projects within the PAA. The projects identified are as follows: ➢ Bingaman Creek Levee Overflow Improvements (King County). ➢ Study of Mullen Slough Intercept Hillside Drainage (King County). ➢ Sediment Trap on Peasley Canyon Tributary (City of Auburn). Due to the date of the basin study in 1997, some of these projects may have begun and may have received funding from other sources. These projects are not within the PAA and were not included in PAA CIP cost estimates. To meet City surface water level of service standards, and accomplish the studies and improvements identified in the PAA studies, capital cost estimates have been developed and are summarized in Table VIII-12. Table VIII-12 Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Capital Costs for Surface Water Project Costs in 2002 Dollars (000) I Year of Construction and 2002 Dollars (000) Project ID Capital Project List Design 1.00 Area Wide Programs 1.01 Storm Drain System 300 Inventory and Comprehensive Plan Major Maintenance: 1.02 Ditch Cleaning 1.03 Stormwater Facility Cleaning Subtotal General 300 2.00 Parkway Neighborhood Hylebos Executive Proposed Plan uisition Construction Total 1 2002-2007 2008-2014 2015-2020 3001 300 544 544 223 223 1,067 1,067 Revised 2010 VIII-40 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Project ID Capital Project List Project Costs in 2002 Dollars (000) Design Acquisition Construction Total Year of Construction and 2002 Dollars (000) 2002-2007 2008-2014 2015-2020 2.01 2442-5 3601h Regional Det. 1,565 1,565 Pond 2.02 2444-SR 161 Conveyance 372 372 Upgrades 4.00 Lakeland Neighborhood Hylebos Executive Proposed Plan 4.01 2446-SR 161 Regional Pond 598 598 King County Road Maintenance Div 3 — Identified Problems 4.02 Crosstile east of 44`h Ave S 7 35 42 42 Subtotal Southeast Area 7 35 2,578 2,578 7.00 Camelot Neighborhood King County Road Maintenance Div 3 — Identified Problems 7.01 (1) 2 Catch basins 7 35 42 42 7.02 (2) 2 Catch basins 7 35 42 42 7.03 (5) Water over road signs 165 825 990 990 Subtotal Northeast Area 179 895 1,074 1,074 Subtotal Redondo Area 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 486 0 930 4,719 4,719 Notes: Source: TetraTech/KCM, Inc., 2003 (1) All projects assumed for construction in five years unless differently stated in source CIP document. (2) No separate cost given for design, acquisition for Hylebos, and certain other CIP figures. (3) Estimated cost for maintenance problems and projects assume 100 percent contingency (very general estimates). Permitting costs were assumed to be included in the contingency. (4) Costs escalated from original sources to 2002 dollars. (5) Does not include water quality program costs, including lake management. (6) Does not include routine maintenance increase, such as catch basin cleaning, street sweeping. (7) There are several projects identified in the Mill Creek SAMP and Mill Creek Basin Flood Management Plan. These projects are not within the PAA; however, the City of Federal Way may be asked to help adjacent jurisdictions with cost sharing in the future if annexation occurs because King County was identified as a possible agency which could provide cost sharing and because of the location of the headwaters for these projects within the PAA. However, there has been no determination of specific cost share by Federal Way and none are estimated above. (8) Cost data for estimates were derived from the following sources: a. Federal Way estimates for ditch cleaning, with a 33 percent contingency. b. Federal Way staff information for pond cleaning costs. Pond facilities (wet ponds, infiltration facilities, etc.) were estimated at $5,000 per facility. Other facilities (catch basins, tanks, etc.) were assumed at $1,000 per facility. The costs were assumed to include some contingency; therefore, no additional contingency was applied. C. Planning cost estimates for stormwater facilities developed for the City of Auburn 2002 Comprehensive Drainage Plan. Conveyance costs included a ratio of four catch basins per 300 feet. When individual catch basins or manholes were indicated, separate cost estimates for the catch basin or manhole were made, using the planning cost estimates developed for the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) outfall inventory project (2002). d. Costs for certain stormwater facilities, and costs for mobilization, traffic control, tax, engineering, and land acquisition were obtained from planning cost estimates developed for WSDOT outfall inventory project (2002). Revised 2010 VIII-41 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas A discussion of public service operating and capital costs and revenues including the Surface Water enterprise fund can be found in Section 8.11, Public Services and Capital Facilities. Surface Water Goals and Policies Surface water management would be guided by the following goal and policies. Surface Water Goal Promote a PAA surface water system that protects the environment and property, and allows for efficient operation and maintenance. Surface Water Policy In addition to Natural Environment and Capital Facility policies, the following policy is provided specific to surface water concerns: PAA SW —1 Prior to annexations of large areas, the county, in conjunction with the City and in partnership with other agencies, should further inventory surface water facilities and conditions, and prepare hydrologic models and basin plans for the PAA areas east of I-5. Surface water analysis of the Redondo East Subarea should occur as necessary, in conjunction with any area -wide subbasin or basin plans for the vicinity. 8.9 TRANSPORTATION Summary of Inventory The Federal Way PAA is served by a series of arterial roadways that provide local and regional transportation access (refer to Map VIII-9). King County has been responsible for maintenance of public roadways and accompanying facilities, such as shoulders, sidewalks, traffic signs, striping and signals, guardrails, and landscaping. WSDOT has jurisdiction over state highways within the PAA. State highways located within the boundaries of the study area include Interstate 5 (I-5), SR-18, SR-99 (Pacific Highway South) and SR-161 (Enchanted Parkway South). The City of Federal Way is currently responsible for the maintenance of these facilities within the City limits, except I-5 and SR-18, which are currently maintained by WSDOT. Transit service, including several park and ride facilities along the I- 5 corridor, is provided by King County Metro. Revised 2010 VIII-42 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The majority of the street network in the PAA is characteristically rural with asphalt concrete pavement, gravel shoulders, and ditches for drainage purposes. The street network is largely underdeveloped, with many cul-de-sacs and dead-end streets creating insufficient connectivity. Furthermore, a general lack of sidewalks and existing luminaires inhibit pedestrian traffic and present public safety concerns. Luminaires are limited to street intersections along arterial streets and newer subdivisions, with very few mid -block luminaires along arterial streets. Most arterial corridors in the PAA, particularly in the southeast, lack sidewalks and, in most cases, are poorly lit. As shown in Table VIII-13, sidewalks are a smaller percent of lane road miles. Table VIII-13 Street Inventory Within PAA Inventory Item Redondo East Subarea Northeast Subarea Southeast Subarea All Road Miles* 0.3 miles 46.6 miles 28.9 miles All Paved Road Surfaces, Lane Miles 0.6 93.2 57.3 Curb & Gutter (linear feet) 1,902 (-0.4 miles) 252,806 (-48 miles) 92,206 (-17 miles) Paved Sidewalk, one side (miles) 0.4 miles 25.5 miles 12.3 miles Traffic Signals (EA)** 0 12 2 Luminaires (EA) 10 561 1 190 Street Signs (EA)*** 37 1 980 1 520 Notes: Source: King County Roads *There are several street clusters in the study area for which road logs do not exist, including: private streets (approx. 7 miles), as well as several unmaintained public gravel streets (approx. 7 miles), and in some cases relatively new public asphalt streets (about 1-2 miles), and these are not included in the totals above. **Based upon City staff review and field confirmation, there appear to be nine signals, two flashing beacons, one fire signal and two traffic signals on SR 161 (currently WSDOT responsibility) that would become the City's responsibility upon annexation. Controllers would need to be replaced to connect to the City's system. ***King County does not inventory street name signs, which would understate the number of signs maintained. The largest traffic volumes exist along east/west arterial routes, which provide access to I-5. Over half of the arterial roadway miles within the study area have accident rates that are higher than the average King County accident rates. Existing and Future Transportation Levels of Service The purpose of the intersection level -of -service (LOS) analysis is to identify LOS deficiencies in the City's PAA, and then evaluate the improvements that will be needed to meet the City's LOS standard. LOS is a letter designation that describes a range of operating conditions along a roadway segment or at an intersection. The Highway Capacity Manual 2000 (HCM2000) defines the LOS concept as, "...a quality measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream, generally in terms of such service measures as speed and travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, and comfort and convenience." Revised 2010 VIII-43 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Six grades of LOS are defined for traffic operational analysis. They are given letter designations A through F, with LOS A representing the best range of operating conditions and LOS F the worst. The specific terms in which each level of service is defined vary with the type of transportation facility involved. In general, LOS A describes a free -flowing condition in which individual vehicles in the traffic stream are not affected by the presence of other vehicles. LOS F generally describes a breakdown in operations that occurs when traffic arriving at a point is greater than the facility's capacity to discharge the traffic flow; consequently, vehicle queues develop. Existing LOS For this study, LOS was analyzed at a total of 25 intersections with the results presented in Map VIII-10. Intersection LOS analyses were performed using Highway Capacity Software Version 4.1 b (HCS2000). Representative intersections in various parts of the PAA that the City and/or county monitor now, or desire to monitor in the future when the roadways are constructed, were analyzed. (Based on information from the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003.) In base year of 2000, the LOS analysis was done by using actual traffic counts between years 2000 to 2002. Analysis indicated that all signalized intersections operated at an acceptable LOS during the PM peak hour and most unsignalized intersections were operating at an acceptable LOS. Exceptions included: S 288"' St at 51st Ave S LOS F S 296"' St at 51st Ave S LOS F SR 99 at 16th Ave S LOS F Future LOS Analysis of the transportation impacts of future land use requires development of future transportation networks. The future land use projection analyzed is based on Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) projections and market analysis, and was developed for the year 2020 (based on information from the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003). In order to determine a future road network, the City provided a future street improvement list by analyzing the Transportation Improvement Programs, comprehensive plans, and near term transportation improvement projects of King County, WSDOT, and the City of Federal Way. In order to analyze the year 2020 LOS, future intersection volumes were estimated using a calibrated EMME/2 transportation model. On behalf of the City, Mirai Associates developed the EMME/2 model based on the forecasted land use and future transportation improvements described briefly above. The results of the analysis are shown in Map VIII- 11 (based on information from the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July H, 2003). Overall, the most congested locations included are those with two-way stop control, and those located in the Military Road corridor. Twenty-year intersection LOS deficiencies are shown in Map VIII-11. The average vehicle delay and LOS changes are: Revised 2010 VIII-44 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Congested Locations Military Rd S at S 272nd St Military Rd S at S 320th St S 277th St at 55th Ave S S 288th St at 51st Ave S Military Rd S at S 312th St Peasley Canyon Way S at S Peasley Canyon Rd Military Rd S at Peasley Canyon Way S Military Rd S at S Star Lake Rd (N Jct) 515t Ave S at S 296th St Military Rd S at S 360th St 28' Ave S at S 360' St SR 99 at 16' Ave S Average Vehicle Delay and LOS Change From 42 sec to 116 sec, from D to F From 27 sec to 73 sec, from C to E From 59 sec to 195 sec, from E to F From 64 sec to 361 sec, from F to F Exceeds calculable limits (ECL) From 26 sec to 351 sec, from D to F From 34 sec to 559 sec, from D to F From 39 sec to ECL, from E to F From 106 sec to 996 sec, from F to F From 22 sec to ECL, from C to F From 46 sec to 770 sec, from E to F Exceeds calculable limits (ECL) To determine the additional improvements needed to meet the City's LOS standard, the lowest cost capacity improvement is sought to address identified deficiency and then LOS analysis is conducted with the recommended improvements to insure that all locations will meet the City's LOS standard. With the recommended improvements listed in Table VIII-14 and shown on Map VIII-12, the City's LOS standard is met at all future deficient locations. Table VIII-14 Future LOS and Recommended Improvements 2020 Improved Intersection LOS Problem Recommended Improvements LOS 1. Military Rd S @ S F Substantial demand for southbound Add one additional southbound D 272na St traffic. through lane. 2. Military Rd S @ S E Substantial demand for eastbound Construct an eastbound right D 320th St right turn traffic. turn lane. 3. S 277th St @ 55th F The northbound right turn demand Construct new signalized E Ave S is queuing while waiting for the intersection. eastbound to westbound through green cycle. 4. S 288th St @ 51" F Insufficient intersection capacity Construct a left turn lane from D Ave S for the AWSC intersection. westbound to southbound. (25-sec delay) Revised 2010 VIII-45 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas 2020 Improved Intersection LOS Problem Recommended Improvements LOS Install a traffic signal. D (47-sec delay) 5. Military Rd S @ S F Traffic demand on eastbound Install a traffic signal with one D 312' St approach exceeds the LOS for eastbound left turn pocket and TWSC intersections. one eastbound right turn lane. 6. Peasley Canyon F Traffic demand on northbound Install a traffic signal. C Way S @ S Peasley approach exceeds the LOS for Canyon Rd TWSC intersections. 7. Military Rd S @ F Traffic demand on the east/west Install a traffic signal at B Peasley Canyon approaches exceeds the LOS for Military Rd S and S 340th St Way S TWSC intersections. and close the southbound movement on Peasley Canyon Way S from S 340th to Military Rd S. 8. Military Rd S @ S F Traffic demand on westbound Install a traffic signal with an B Star Lake Rd (N approach exceeds the LOS for additional southbound through Jct) TWSC intersections. lane. 9. 51't Ave S @ S F Traffic demand on westbound Install a traffic signal with B 296t1i St approach exceeds the LOS for additional southbound and TWSC intersections. westbound left turn pockets. 10. Military Rd S @ S F Traffic demand on the east/west Install a traffic signal with C 360' St approaches exceeds the LOS for additional northbound and TWSC intersections. southbound left turn pockets. 11. 28th Ave S @ S F Insufficient intersection capacity Install a traffic signal with one C 360th St for the AWSC intersection. southbound right turn pocket and one southbound through lane. 12. SR 99 @ 16th Ave S F Traffic demand on eastbound Install a traffic signal. E / S 279th PI approach exceeds the LOS for TWSC intersections. Source: Jones & Stokes 2003 (Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003) Notes: AWSC = All Way Stop Controlled; TWSC = Two Way Stop Controlled The total estimated capital cost for roadway improvements in the PAA, existing and future needs to achieve levels of service, is $10,882,000 through 2020, as shown in Table VIII-15 (page 47). About 21 percent of the total capital facility cost estimate is related to existing deficiencies ($2,241,000). Existing deficiencies due to levels of service below E were found at: ■ South 288th Street at 5l't Avenue South ■ South 296th Street at 51 st Avenue South ■ SR 99 at 16th Avenue South Revised 2010 VIII-46 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Of the three subareas in the PAA, the Northeast Subarea has the largest estimated roadway cost at $7,561,000. The largest part of this is the Military Road South project described above. The Southeast Subarea has an estimated roadway capital cost of $3,039,000, with the largest project consisting of a $1,188,000 improvement to the Military Road South/South 360th Street intersection. The Redondo East Subarea has a total roadway cost of $282,000, which consists entirely of the SR 99/16th Avenue South intersection improvement project. Table VIII-15 Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Capital Costs for Roadway Improvements Project Costs in 2002 Dollars (000) Year of Construction and Project Costs in 2002 Dollars (000) Project ID Capital Project List Design Acquisition Construction Total 2002-2007 2008-2014 2015-2020 1.00 Areawide CIP Programs 0 0 0 0 2.00 Parkway Neighborhood 3.00 Jovita Neighborhood 3.01 Peasley Canyon Way S & S 41 0 234 275 275 Peasley Canyon Rd Intersection Improvement 3.02 Peasley Canyon Way S & Military 158 16 916 1,090 1,090 Rd S Intersection Improvement 4.00 Lakeland Neighborhood 4.01 Military Rd S & S 3601h St 162 84 942 1,188 1,188 Intersection Improvement 4.02 281h Ave S & S 3601h St 65 47 374 486 486 Intersection Improvement Subtotal Southeast Area 426 147 2,466 3,039 1,188 1,576 275 5.00 North Lake Neighborhood 5.01 S 320th St & Military Rd S 108 165 623 896 896 Intersection Improvement 6.00 Star Lake Neighborhood 6.01 Military Rd S & S 272°a St 91 327 528 946 946 Intersection Improvement 6.02 Military Rd S & S Star Lake Rd 41 0 234 275 275 (N Jct) Intersection Improvement 6.03 Military Rd S Improvement - S 305 496 1,770 2,571 0 801 1,770 272°a St to S Star Lake Road 6.04 S 277th St & 55`h Ave S 92 291 531 914 914 Intersection Improvement 7.00 Camelot Neighborhood 7.01 S 288th St & 51st Ave S 66 0 385 451 451 Revised 2010 VIII-47 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Project ID Capital Project List Project Costs in 2002 Dollars (000) Design Acquisition Construction Total Year of Construction and Project Costs in 2002 Dollars (000) 2002-2007 2008-2014 2015-2020 Intersection Improvement 7.02 S 296th St & 51't Ave S 206 109 1,193 1,508 1,508 Intersection Improvement 7.03 S 312th St Improvement 0 Subtotal Northeast Area 909 1,388 5,264 7,561 2,234 1,747 3,580 8.00 Redondo East Neighborhood 8.01 SR-99 & 16th Ave S Intersection 41 0 241 282 282 Improvement Subtotal Redondo Area 41 0 241 282 282 0 0 Subtotal LOS Projects 1,376 1,535 7,489 10,882 3,704 3,323 3,855 9.00 Southeast Areawide 9.01 Paving 19,200 19,200 6,400 6,400 6,400 9.02 Curb and Gutter 5,400 5,400 1,800 1,800 1,800 9.03 Sidewalk 7,400 7,400 2,400 2,600 2,400 Subtotal Southeast Area 32,000 32,000 10,600 10,800 10,600 10.00 Northeast Areawide 10.01 Paving 13,900 13,900 4,600 4,700 4,600 10.02 Curb and Gutter 6,100 6,100 2,000 2,100 2,000 10.03 Sidewalk 10,900 10,900 3,600 3,700 3,600 Subtotal Northeast Area 30,900 30,900 10,200 10,500 10,200 11.00 Redondo East Neighborhood 11.01 Curb and Gutter 32 32 10 12 10 11.02 Sidewalk 39 39 13 13 13 Subtotal Redondo Area 71 71 23 25 23 Subtotal Road Cross Section 0 0 62,971 62,971 20,823 21,325 20,823 Improvements Total 1,376 1,535 70,460 73,853 24,527 24,648 24,678 Source: Jones & Stokes, 2003 Notes: Current expenses for similar construction work within the region were reviewed to determine unit prices for broad categories of construction line items and typical percentages for standard items. All LOS project costs assume a 30 percent contingency factor. While the focus of the capital cost estimates are the improvements required to ensure the City's intersection LOS would be met, other capital costs may be incurred to bring essentially rural road standards to the City's urban road standards (e.g. curb, gutter, sidewalk, paving of public gravel, or public bituminous surface roads). These road cross- section improvements may be made incrementally as new development makes street Revised 2010 VIII-48 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas frontage improvements, through local improvement districts, or other means. The road cross-section estimates were made in a preliminary fashion for order of magnitude level of analysis, using as a basis data provided by the county on lane miles, feet of sidewalk, etc. in the PAA. The Northeast Subarea and Southeast Subarea have similar road cross- section costs at $30,900,000 and $32,000,000, respectively. The cross-section improvements in Redondo East Subarea total $71,000 (please refer to Table VIII-1 S). A discussion of public service operating and capital costs and revenues, including transportation, can be found in Section 8.11, Public Services and Capital Facilities. Transportation Goals and Policies Transportation would be guided by the following goal and policies. Transportation Goal Establish a safe, coordinated, and linked multimodal transportation system serving local and area -wide travel needs. Transportation Policies PAA Trans —1 Prior to annexations, particularly in the Northeast and Southeast Subareas, the City and county should jointly classify streets in the PAA consistent with federal, state, and City guidelines, and future roadway usage. Joint City/county street standards should also be established, such as the City of Federal Way standards, a hybrid of standards, or others as determined by the City and county. This may be achieved through an interlocal agreement and any required county comprehensive plan amendments. The joint classification system will help ensure a common set of standards are applied as new roadway improvements are proposed and implemented in the PAA, and that the roadways meet City standards upon annexation. The City classification system for the PAA is presented in Map VIII-9. PAA Trans — 2 Joint City and county street standards identified in PAA Trans-1 should address: ■ Property access ■ Street signs ■ Street lighting ■ Pedestrian and bicycle safety ■ Street widths PAA Trans — 3 As development proposals are proposed or capital improvements are implemented in the PAA prior to annexation, the City and county should encourage the connection of streets when considering Revised 2010 VIII-49 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas subdivision or street improvement proposals, unless prevented by topographic or environmental constraints. The City and county should limit the use of cul-de-sacs, dead-end streets, loops, and other designs that form barriers to a coordinated transportation network in the community. PAA Trans — 4 The City should work with the county to ensure uniform maintenance standards for public streets are instituted and conducted by the county until such time as annexation occurs. PAA Trans — 5 Prior to annexation of PAA properties, the county, in consultation with the City, should review high accident locations, and improve street safety and functions focusing efforts at the most critical locations. PAA Trans - 6 To ensure that City and county LOS standards are met as development occurs prior to annexation, the City and county should agree to joint implementation of LOS standards for concurrency. Development applicants should prepare reports that contain dual analysis of the county's Transportation Adequacy Measurement (TAM) and Roadway Segment level of service standards and the City's LOS E intersection standard. PAA Trans — 7 Prior to annexation of the Northeast and Southeast Subareas, a coordinated Capital Improvement Program (CIP) should be prepared between the City and county to ensure that improvements required to meet levels of service are implemented concurrent with development. PAA Trans — 8 The City and county shall continue to coordinate with park -and -ride and transit service providers in establishing appropriate LOS for the PAA, promoting alternative modes and assisting the achievement of LOS standards. PAA Trans — 9 Prior to annexation of the Northeast and Southeast Subareas, as part of a PAA interlocal agreement the City and county shall establish a regional traffic planning and mitigation payment system. 8.10 PRIVATE UTILITIES Utilities described in this section include electric (power), natural gas, telephone, and cable. Public utilities are described under Public Services and Capital Facilities. Private utility providers rely on coordination of information such as population and employment forecasts, as well as coordination of construction activities, such as street improvements. Revised 2010 VIII-50 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Summary of PAA Inventory Electric Electric utility service for the Federal Way PAA is provided by Puget Sound Energy (PSE). The PSE grid provides a link between the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Bulk Transmission System and the local distribution system that connects with customers. Bulk transmission lines supply power into the Federal Way distribution system and provide connections to Tacoma City Light, King, and Pierce Counties. Power is transferred from the transmission system to the PSE local distribution system at distribution sub -stations. There are 115,000 volt, 230,000 volt, and 500,000 volt transmission lines in the Federal Way PAA. Distribution substations transform voltages of 115kV (Kilovolt) or greater to lower voltages of 12 or 34kV. Electric substations serving the Federal Way PAA include: Marine View; Lakota; Belmor; Christopher; Weyerhaeuser; Starwood; Kitts Corner; and West Campus. Most of the substations include one or two 25,000 kVA transformers. The load on the substation varies continuously, exactly meeting the demand of the customers. The average PSE residential customer uses approximately two kVA per person during peak winter conditions. Commercial loads are highly business specific. (Based on information found in the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002.) As new development occurs or consumer electrical demand increases, future substations will be needed to meet the increased demand. The future substations in the PSE long- range plan include: Federal Way; Dolloff; Twin Lakes; Enchanted; Five Mile Lake; and Killarney. There are planned expansions at Marine View Substation and the development of the transmission line corridor between Christopher and Marine View. There are also future 115 kV lines planned in the Five Mile Lake area (in Lakeland). (Based on information found in the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002.) Natural Gas PSE provides natural gas to the Federal Way PAA. The PSE customer count in the Federal Way PAA is approximately 5,250. Natural gas is not an essential service, and therefore, PSE is not mandated to serve all areas. Significant lines in or near the PAA include a 12-inch STW (steel wrap) supply main located in Military Road South and six- inch STW located in 288th Street. At this time within the Federal Way PAA, no improvements are planned to existing facilities. Long range plans for the years 2006- 2007 call for installation of a 16-inch STW High Pressure supply main from Auburn Valley to the Star Lake area, and the route is still in the planning stage. (Based on information found in the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002.) Telephone Qwest delivers telecommunication services to the Federal Way planning area as regulated by the Washington State Utilities and Transportation Commission (WUTC). Qwest is required by law to provide adequate telecommunications services on demand. Revised 2010 VIII-51 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Accordingly, Qwest will provide facilities to accommodate whatever growth pattern occurs within the PAA. Due to advances in technology, additional capacity is easily and quickly added to the system. (Based on information found in the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002.) Wireless Service and Cable Providers Numerous wireless service providers currently serve the City of Federal Way and the PAA. Comcast Cable serves the majority of the City and PAA. (Based on information found in the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002.) Private Utilities Goals and Policies Coordination with private utilities is addressed in the following goal and policy. Private Utilities Goal Facilitate provision of electric, natural gas, telecommunication, and cable services to the greater Federal Way community. Private Utilities Policy PAA Utility —1 The county and City should coordinate with electric, natural gas, and telecommunication providers to ensure PAA services support planned growth, meet desired customer service needs, and result in a comparable community system in the greater Federal Way area. 8.11 PUBLIC SERVICES AND CAPITAL FACILITIES This section provides a summary of current and projected public services and capital facilities in the PAA, addressing local government as well as special district services and facilities. For services that the City would provide if the PAA were to be annexed, an analysis of operating and capital costs and revenues is provided based upon the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Annexation Feasibility Report, December 2003. Inventory of Public Services Likely to Change as a Result of Annexation General Government The City of Federal Way and King County house a variety of operations, such as administration, public safety, court services, community/senior centers, and maintenance bases at government facilities. Revised 2010 VIII-52 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The PAA contains the following county government facilities: Lake Dolloff Community Policing Storefront just west of 51s1 Avenue South in the Camelot neighborhood. A private, non-profit senior center operates in the PAA at South 352nd Street in the Lakeland neighborhood. While this facility has received some King County and City of Federal Way funding, it is not owned or operated by either jurisdiction. Also, the North Lake Improvement Club clubhouse is a non-profit center available for public use, although not owned or operated by the City of Federal Way or King County. The operating costs that could be borne by the City, if it annexed the PAA and provided general government services, is estimated in Table VIII--17, page 56. (Also see Section 8.7 regarding capital costs for community centers.) Parks and Recreation Please refer to subsections 8.7 and 8.11. Police Services The King County Sheriff provides police protection services to the PAA. The PAA is served by Precinct 3, George Sector, with its headquarters in Maple Valley. However, there is a local storefront police station near Lake Dolloff in the Camelot neighborhood. The substation is not manned for general public visitors, and one must call and leave a message. Although calls for service in the PAA have decreased by five percent between 1999 and 2000, during this time period the number of traffic citations and traffic accident events increased by 17 and 12 percent respectively. As of 2000, the crime rate of 35.26 per 1,000 population was nearly equal to the crime rate for the countywide area patrolled by the Sheriff's Office. According to the King County Executive's Proposed 2002-2007 Capital Improvement Program, there are no new proposed or expanded capital facilities in the Federal Way PAA. At the time of incorporation, the City contracted with the King County Sheriff's Department for police services. In the spring of 1995, the City decided to terminate its contract relationship with King County and form its own police department. The City's Public Safety Department began limited service on September 16, 1996, and was fully operational on October 16, 1996. Federal Way's Public Safety Department could be expanded at some time in the future so that it could effectively provide services to the PAA. (A comparison of levels of service in the county and City can be found in Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003.) State laws require and establish procedures for the lateral transfer to a city of qualified county sheriff's office employees who would otherwise be laid off as a result of the annexation of unincorporated territory into that city (RCW 35.13.360 to 400). The city would not be required to put all transferring employees on the police department payroll. It is within the city's discretion to determine what staffing provides an adequate level of law enforcement service. Estimates of public safety operating costs to the City should annexation occur are provided in Table VIII-17, page 56. Revised 2010 VIII-53 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Solid Waste The King County Department of Natural Resources, Solid Waste Division, operates King County's transfer and disposal system comprised of a regional landfill, eight transfer stations, and two rural drop boxes for residential and non-residential self -haul customers and commercial haulers. The closest waste transfer station to the PAA and the City of Federal Way is in the City of Algona. Unincorporated areas of King County are served by private garbage collection companies, which receive oversight through the WUTC. While Waste Management serves the City of Federal Way, local haulers within the PAA operate within two service areas: Allied Service Area (SeaTac Disposal) and Waste Management and Allied Service Area (Sea-Tac Disposal and RST Disposal), with the dividing line at about South 300th Street. In the event of annexation, the City may decide to contract for solid waste collection or undertake solid waste collection itself. However, in accordance with state law, the holder of the franchise or permit in the annexing area may continue to operate for the remaining term of the original franchise or permit, or for seven years, whichever time period is shorter (RCW 35A.14.900). In the Parkway neighborhood, the Puyallup/Kit Corner Landfill is sited southeast of the I- 5 and SR-18 interchange. This landfill was closed in the mid- 1960's prior to existing regulations requiring extensive environmental controls. Environrnental systems are being monitored and maintained, and gas extraction systems are in place. Estimates of solid waste operating costs to the City should annexation occur are provided in Table VIII-17, page 56. Surface Water See Subsections 8.8 and 8.11. Transportation See Subsection 8.9 and 8.11. Summary of Fiscal Impacts and Strategies Fiscal Impacts Summary The City of Federal Way would experience a significant negative fiscal impact on its operating budget if the Southeast and Northeast Major Subareas (Southeast: Lakeland, Jovita, Parkway neighborhoods; Northeast: Star Lake, Camelot, and North Lake neighborhoods) were annexed to the City and the City used the same revenue sources and rates, and provided the same level of services as it provides to the residents and businesses in the current boundaries of the City. The annual deficit would be just under $3.6 million ($8.2 million cost; $4.6 million revenue). The cost of providing the City's levels of service in the PAA would exceed revenues from the PAA by 78 percent annually. Revised 2010 VIII-54 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas The net operating revenue (or net costs) presented here represent the gap between operating revenues generated in each of the PAAs under the City's 2003 revenue structure and the costs of extending 2003 levels of City services to the same areas. In order to present a full picture of operating impacts, this presentation combines fiscal impacts across a number of disparate City funds. The City would undoubtedly continue City policy that Surface Water Management (SWM) costs would be covered by SWM fees within the structure of the SWM enterprise fund. Such a strategy would require increased SWM fees and/or decreased levels of SWM services by $538,000 (the difference between estimated SWM operating costs ($823,000) given current service levels and estimated revenues ($285,000). The remaining $3.0 million gap would be bridged through some combination of other strategies. Another way of understanding the fiscal impact of the approximately $3.4 million deficit is to see how it compares to the combined revenue of the City of Federal Way and the combined Northeast/Southeast PAA subareas. If Federal Way and the Northeast and Southeast PAA subareas are viewed as a single City of over 105,000 population, the annual deficit of $3.6 million equals six percent of the combined operating revenue. It would be like running a business that loses six percent every year. In addition, the City of Federal Way would experience major costs for capital improvements in the PAA totaling over $48.3 million. Dedicated capital revenue is anticipated to be $32.0 million through the year 2020, leaving an unfunded cost of $16.3 million (which averages $0.9 million per year through 2020). As noted for operating costs above, City policy for surface water (and other enterprise activities) is to cover costs with fee revenue. Assuming that the City would use enterprise policy to cover the $4.7 million cost of stormwater capital, the remaining deficit would be $11,564,520 (which is an annual average of $642,473). In addition, the City will undoubtedly receive mitigation payments or impact fees from development in the PAA, which were not possible to estimate at this time, but they would reduce the size of the deficit. Tables VIII-16 to VIII-21 provide the cost and revenue information supporting the above conclusions. Property Tax State Shared Revenues Sales Tax - Criminal Justice Local Retail Sales Tax Utility Taxes (O&M)" Surface Water Fees Fines and Forfeits Building Permit Fees Vehicle License Fee Table VIII-16 Revenues Generated by PAA Northeast PAA Southeast PAA Redondo Total $947,000 $699,000 $24,000 $1,670,000 $365,000 $264,000 $8,000 $637,000 $246,000 $178,000 $5,000 $429,000 $107,000 $173,000 $79,000 $359,000 $196,000 $135,000 $6,544 $337,544 $159,000 $116,000 $10,000 $285,000 $106,000 $115,000 $6,000 $227,000 $121,000 $90,000 $7,000 $218,000 Revised 2010 VIII-55 FWCP - Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Northeast PAA Southeast PAA Redondo Total Franchise Fees $102,000 $74,000 $2,000 $178,000 Solid Waste Revenues $41,000 $41,000 $1,000 $83,000 Development Services Fees $39,000 $27,000 $1,000 $67,000 Recreation Fees $23,000 $33,000 $500 $56,500 Zoning Fees $7,000 $5,000 $1,000 $13,000 Gambling Tax $13,000 - $16,000 $29,000 Business License Fees $4,000 $3,000 $1,000 $8,000 Total $2,476,000 $1,953,000 $168,044 $4,597,044 Revenues per Resident $201 $219 $646 $214 Source: ECONorthwest analysis. operating t,_;osts ny vepartr Northeast PAA City Council $26,000 City Manager $193,000 Community Development $299,000 Law $129,000 Management Services` $182,000 Parks & Recreation $55,000 Public Safety $1,651,000 Public Works $1,457,000 Total $3,992,000 Costs per Resident $325 Source: ECONorthwest analysis. Table VIII-17 ny FOtentlal Annexation Area (zuu3) Southeast PAA Redondo Total $26,000 $1,000 $53,000 $204,000 $10,000 $407,000 $221,000 $13,300 $533,300 $136,000 $6,000 $271,000 $187,000 $7,000 $376,000 $406,000 $1,000 $462,000 $1,780,000 $98,000 $3,529,000 $1,038,000 $21,000 $2,516,000 $3,998,000 $157,300 $8,147,300 $449 $605 $380 Table VIII-18 Annual N et Operating Kevenues (or Operating CASt) of Annexation, ny FAA (2003) Northeast PAA Southeast PAA Redondo Total Operating Revenues $2,476,000 $1,953,000 $168,044 $4,597,044 Operating Cost $3,992,000 $3,998,000 $157,300 $8,147,300 Net Revenues or Cost -$1,516,000 -$2,045,000 $10,344* -$3,550,256 Costs per Resident -$123 -$230 $41 -$166 Source: ECONorthwest analysis. * Given the uncertainties surrounding estimates of costs and revenues for a small area like Redondo, the reported net revenue of $10,344 for the Redondo area could be viewed as essentially equal to zero. Revised 2010 VIII-56 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Table VIII-19 vederal way Potential Annexation Area Ua ital Revenue to LULU Capital Revenues Northeast Southeast Redondo All Subareas Real Estate Excise Taxes $ 300,000 $ 222,000 $ 7,000 $ 530,000 Utility Taxes (Capital) 694,000 480,000 20,000 1,194,000 Annual Total $ 995,000 $ 702,000 $ 27,000 $1,724,000 CIP Planning Horizon (years 2002-2020) 18 18 18 18 2020 Total of Annual Revenue 17,910,000 12,636,000 486,000 31,032,000 Grants for Roads 1,000,000 0 0 1,000,000 2020 Revenue Total 18,910,000 12,636,000 486,000 32,032,000 Cnurce• FC.0Wnrrhwest 7001 Table VIII-20 Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Estimated Future Capital Costs Area Wide Northeast Southeast Redondo East TOTAL Subarea Subarea Subarea Parks and Recreation $-0- $22,565,346 $9,564,412 $584,762 $32,714,520 Roads: Level of Service -0- 7,561,000 3,039,000 282,000 $10,882,000 Surface Water 1,067,000* 1,074,000 2,578,000 -0- $ 4,719,000 Total $1,067,000 $31,200,346 $15,181,412 $866,762 $48,315,520 Sources: Jones & Stokes, Henderson Young & Company, TetraTech/KCM, Inc., 2003 *Area wide capital programs include a joint PAA storm drain system inventory and comprehensive plan, and major maintenance of ditches and other stormwater facilities. Table VIII-21 Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Estimated Net Capital Revenues Northeast Area Wide Southeast Redondo TOTAL Subarea Subarea Subarea Capital Revenue $18,910,000 $12,636,000 $486,000 $ 32,032,000 Capital Cost 1,067,000 31,200,346 15,181,412 866,762 48,315,520 Net Revenue (1,067,000) (12,290,346) (2,545,412) (380,762) (16,283,520) Sources: ECONorthwest, Jones & Stokes, Henderson Young & Company, TetraTech/KCM, Inc., 2003 Revised 2010 VIII-57 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Implementation Strategies To address the fiscal impact, the Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Annexation Feasibility Report, December 2003 identifies six categories of strategies that could be pursued to address the significant negative fiscal impacts of annexation, as follows, without a priority order: 1. State and County Support — With this option, the City could indicate that its ability to annex the Southeast and Northeast Subareas is contingent upon the State of Washington and/or King County providing new resources to offset the significant cost of such annexations. Examples could include a new local option sales tax per state law that authorizes King County to submit such a tax for voter approval, state grants, and unexpended county impact fees being provided to the City. The county's ability to continue to service urban unincorporated islands has decreased over the last several years and the county has been cutting back services. Accordingly, in August 2003, it was reported that King County would offer a total of $10 million to a number of cities that annex unincorporated areas in their PAAs. Details were not announced and will depend on the county's budget decisions. 2. Local Taxpayers — With this option, the City could use one or more general taxes to have all taxpayers in Federal Way and the combined annexation area share in paying the annual operating deficit. The City could ask voters to approve long-term debt in the form of a general obligation bond that is used to build capital improvements. Of particular interest are enterprise funds. Like many cities, Federal Way has a policy that costs of enterprise funds, such as surface water management and solid waste, are to be covered by user fees. Such a strategy would require increased fees and/or decreased levels of services. Federal Way could increase user fees throughout the City and PAA for its stormwater utility and/or solid waste utility and use the proceeds to offset the increased cost of providing those services in the PAA. 3. Tax Base Expansion — A long-term strategy for Federal Way could be to increase City revenue by increasing the tax base in the PAA and/or in the City limits. Some businesses, like automobile dealerships, generate significantly more tax revenue than the cost of the public services they receive. These strategies could be pursued independently by the City of Federal Way, but King County could make annexation more attractive if it were to take the lead in rezoning selected parcels in the PAA in accordance with provisions of the approved Subarea Plan and assisting in the economic development strategies to develop those areas. A caveat would be that the City of Federal Way and the PAAs currently have vacant and underdeveloped land to absorb decades of anticipated commercial growth. 4. Special Districts — One strategy to generate revenue to pay for Federal Way's level of service in the annexation area would be to create a special district and charge a property tax levy in that district. Washington law allows the creation of limited special purpose districts for a number of purposes, such as roads, parks, transportation, and "local improvements." Voter approval is required to create special districts that have taxing authority. Property owner approval is required to Revised 2010 VIII-58 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas create special districts that use special assessments. There is some risk associated with using special districts as a strategy to pay for providing urban levels of service in the PAA. A vote on creating a special taxing district would occur subsequent to an annexation vote. If voters approve annexation, but do not approve the creation of the district(s), the City would be left with insufficient money to provide its level of service. 5. Reduced or Phased Levels of Service — Another way for the City to address the difference in levels of service between Federal Way and the county would be to permanently provide a lower level of service for one or more services, either broadly citywide or only within specific areas. A second strategy for addressing the difference in level of service would be to phase -in the increases in level of service in the annexation area. Phasing would reduce costs during the transition and would provide Federal Way with time to recruit and hire personnel and acquire facilities and equipment. However, eventually phased levels of service will grow to equal the standards achieved by the City of Federal Way. When that occurs, service levels will be the same throughout the City, and the City will experience the full fiscal impacts of those levels of service. A variation on phased or reduced levels of service could include alternative service delivery strategies, or customized strategies for specific neighborhoods tailored to the needs or characteristics of the PAA location. For example, crime prevention programs could vary by neighborhood depending on the type residential dwellings, commercial uses, and previous crime rate statistics. 6. Phased Annexation — This strategy would involve annexing those areas that are financially self-supporting first and then annexing other areas later, perhaps in conjunction with other strategies to improve fiscal impact of these subsequent annexations. Phased annexation based on fiscal impacts could be accomplished by annexing Redondo first because it has no operating cash deficit. The Northeast Subarea, or portions thereof, could be annexed next because its operating costs exceed revenues by 61 percent. Last to be annexed could be the Southeast Subarea, because its costs are estimated to be more than double the revenue it would generate (i.e., the deficit is 105 percent). Phasing can also be accomplished by smaller areas, such as community subareas. For example, if community subareas were annexed in order of their fiscal impact, from least to most net operating cost, the following would be the phasing sequence: Northlake, Lakeland, Star Lake, Jovita, Camelot, and Parkway. If other implementation strategies are considered and employed to determine phasing for annexation, the order might be different than the preceding list. It should be noted that phasing annexation emphasizes differences among the areas and misses the opportunity to mitigate the apparent differences among areas by taking them all at the same time, thus effectively averaging the "highs" and "lows" of both revenues and costs. Some implementation strategies may be suitable to different portions of the PAA, while others may not be. Study of the alternatives prior to or at the time of annexation requests would be warranted. Revised 2010 VIII-59 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Services Unlikely to Change as a Result of Annexation In the event of annexation, some services currently being provided in the PAA through special districts will not change. The current service providers, levels of service, or costs of services including fire protection, library, schools, and water and wastewater will remain unchanged. However, it is important that the City and service providers coordinate planning efforts to match services and facilities with the current and future population and employment levels. Each of the services are summarized below based on the March 18, 2002 PAA Inventory. Fire Services The Federal Way Fire Department (FWFD) provides service to the City of Federal Way and most of the surrounding unincorporated area in the Federal Way PAA. However, the FWFD is not part of the City of Federal Way government. The FWFD was formed in 1980 from a series of mergers, which united several smaller fire districts in the area, some of which had been in existence since 1946. The resulting boundary encompasses some 34 square miles and has an estimated population of over 100,000. Services provided by the FWFD include fire suppression, fire prevention (building inspection and public information), emergency medical, and communications center operation for 911 emergency calls. Emergency medical response calls or service make up a majority of the calls for the FWFD. The PAA is served by four of the FWFD's six stations (Map VIII-13). One of these stations is located outside of the PAA, within the Redondo area. The other fire stations serving the PAA are located within the Lakeland and Camelot community subareas. The fire station in the Camelot area lies on the border of the Camelot and North Lake community subareas. A 1996 Des Moines annexation (Woodmont/Redondo) could result in area currently served by the FWFD to be served by Fire District 26 if either party should give the required 12-month notice to eliminate the contract allowing the FWFD to continue providing service. If the contract is eliminated, District 26 would take ownership of Station 66. The FWFD has purchased property at South 288th and Interstate 5 as a contingency should they need to replace Station 66. This would accommodate the building of a new station that is more centrally located in the north end of the City. This realignment of stations, response areas, and revenues would require closure of Station 65 (4966 South 298th). Both Stations 65 and 66 serve portions of the Federal Way PAA. For the City and PAA Planning efforts, the City has worked closely with the FWFD in reviewing the Fire District Master Plan, which complies with the GMA. The master plan identifies the new facilities the FWFD will need to continue providing service as its service area grows. The City included the FWFD's new facilities requirements and cost and revenue estimates in the City's Capital Facilities chapter. Revised 2010 VIII-60 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Library Services Library services are provided by King County. There are no public libraries inside the PAA, but there are six libraries of different sizes serving residents of the PAA including: Algona -Pacific Library — 5,250 square feet (medium) 255 Ellingson Road Auburn Library — 15,000 square feet (resource) 1102 Auburn Way South Federal Way 320th Library — 10,000 square feet (large) 848 South 320th Street Federal Way Regional Library — 25, 000 square feet (regional) 34200 First Way South Kent Regional — 22,500 square feet (regional) 212 2nd Avenue North Woodmont Library — 5,250 square feet (medium) 26809 Pacific Highway South King County Library System (KCLS) plans for capital projects, including expansions, depend on the KCLS board determining whether they wish to propose a bond issue to King County voters and whether it passes. The KCLS staff and board have discussed many possible projects for such a bond issue and some of the libraries serving the PAA have been included. However, there are no capital plans or funds to provide library services in the PAA at this time. Schools/Education Probably more than any other special district, a school district provides an area with a sense of community. The Federal Way School District #210 (FWSD, as outlined on Map VIII-14) extends from the county line south to South 252"d west of I-5 and South 232d Street, east of I-5 to the north, and for the most part along the edge of the plateau to the east. A school district provides a common thread, be it through school activities such as organized sports, or through voting during elections. City staff meets regularly with FWSD administrators to discuss growth management and school development issues. The FWSD primarily serves students in the cities of Federal Way, Des Moines, and Kent, and unincorporated King County. The FWSD administration has indicated in these meetings that they would prefer to work with one jurisdiction as the FWSD attempts to anticipate growth and develop plans for new school facilities. Seven schools are located in the PAA, including five elementary schools, one junior high school, and one high school (as outlined on Map VIII-14). Aside from Thomas Jefferson High School, all schools within and serving the PAA have some student demand beyond the building capacity, requiring the use of portable classrooms. Revised 2010 VIII-61 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Water and Wastewater The Lakehaven Utility District (LUD) and Highline Water District (HWD) provide water service to properties within the PAA. As indicated on Map VIII-I5, the current LUD boundary is generally bordered on the south by the Pierce/King County line, on the east by the Green River Valley, and on the west by Puget Sound. The LUD's northern boundary is generally bordered by South 272"d Street with a narrow strip extending along Puget Sound to South 252°d Street. Maps contained in the LUD's water system comprehensive plan describe an extensive system of wells, storage tanks, and distribution mains. The water distribution infrastructure is sufficient to provide water to virtually all of the LUD. The HWD water service area boundary encompasses most of the PAA Star Lake community subarea and parts of the City of Federal Way (Map VIII-15). Both the 1998 LUD Comprehensive Water System Plan and 2002 HWD Capital Improvement Plan have identified the following water quality and service goals and objectives: maintain their water systems and water quality to the highest level of service and at least the level required by applicable regulations; participate in the conservation efforts to maximize existing water supply resources and develop new water resources; and install new water distribution systems as necessary to serve the existing and future populations within their districts. Both districts have existing rate structures and capability to ensure this level of service. Wastewater systems in the PAA include both septic and sanitary sewer systems. Sanitary sewer service is available in several areas outside the City limits, including the Camelot/ Star Lake area, north of Lake Dolloff, Redondo, Woodmont, a small area east of I-5 and south of Kitts Corner Road, and portions of the Weyerhaeuser Corporate campus east of I-5 (see Map VIII-16). Relevant to the PAA, the LUD plans estimate that sewer service will be extended to the east -central area of the district in the near future, and the area is projected to reach its target population in the Year 2007, based on the Lakehaven Sewer Master Plan, which estimated growth based upon City of Federal Way traffic analysis zone growth projections available in approximately 1999. The number of onsite septic systems throughout the district was estimated to be 7,500. The utility district plan assumptions are that 50 percent of the onsite systems will be replaced with sanitary sewer connections by the year 2017. Under ultimate development conditions, it is anticipated that all areas that could feasibly and economically be served would be served. The City of Federal Way's responsibility with regard to the water and wastewater systems will be limited to updating the FWCP in future years in accordance with the City's regular planning efforts, and providing development applications to the LUD and HWD for their input as part of the City's development review committee process. Revised 2010 VIII-62 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas Public Services and Capital Facilities Goals and Policies The provision of public services and capital facilities would be guided by the following goal and policies. Public Services and Capital Facilities Goal Provide effective, efficient, and quality capital facilities and services at the level necessary to meet community needs and support allowed growth. Public Services and Capital Facilities Policies In addition to governance and intergovernmental coordination policies, the following policies are established. PAA CapFac —1 Prior to annexation, the City, in conjunction with King County, should develop and maintain an inventory of capital facilities in the PAA. As new information becomes available, supplementary inventories should be completed for surface water facilities and roadway improvements to bridge gaps in information identified in the Final Potential Annexation Area Inventory, City of Federal Way, March 18, 2002. PAA CapFac — 2 City and county plans should address the PAA to ensure that systems are reviewed comprehensively, and in order to support desired annexation phasing. PAA CapFac — 3 Through an interlocal agreement prior to annexation, shared City - county capital facility maintenance standards should be implemented. Standards, funding, and practices should seek to avoid maintenance deferrals prior to annexation. Maintenance standards should be consistent with approved functional plans for transportation, stormwater, parks, and other systems that would become a part of the City system upon annexation. PAA CapFac — 4 The City should allow for a variety of service delivery or revenue enhancement options to increase the feasibility of annexation. Based on the PAA Annexation Feasibility Study, these options may include, but are not limited to: a. State of Washington and/or King County providing new resources to offset the significant cost of annexation, through such options as new local option sales tax, state grants, unspent county impact fees, county monetary incentives to annex, or others. b. The county or City posing to voters general obligation bonds or general taxes. Revised 2010 VIII-63 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas c. The county or City proposing to create special limited districts in PAAs to pay for specific costs. d. Tax base expansion per Policy LU-6. e. Increase in fees for enterprise funds, such as surface water management or the solid waste program. f. When considering annexation proposals, the City could provide a lower level of service for one or more services. The reduction could be Citywide (e.g. lower park standards) or just in the PAAs (e.g. lower roadway pavement rating in the newly annexed neighborhoods). g. When considering annexation proposals, the City could explore alternative service delivery strategies, or customized strategies for specific neighborhoods tailored to the needs or characteristics of the PAA location. h. The City could address the difference in county and City levels of service by phasing -in the increases in level of service in the annexation area. i. The City could annex those areas that are financially self- supporting first, and then annex other areas in conjunction with other strategies to improve fiscal impact of these subsequent annexations, such as identified in "a" to "h" above. PAA CapFac-5 To avoid City assumption of nonconforming infrastructure, a coordinated capital improvement program should be prepared between the City and county. Such a program should be developed prior to annexation, particularly of the Northeast and Southeast Subareas, to ensure that improvements required to meet levels of service are implemented concurrent with new development. When considering annexation proposals that have significant existing nonconforming infrastructure, the City should consider service delivery and revenue enhancement options identified in Policy PAA CapFac-4. 8.12 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION The GMA requires public participation in the adoption and amendment of comprehensive plans and development regulations, including the preparation of subarea plans like the Federal Way PAA Subarea Plan. Public participation efforts in the development of the Federal Way PAA Subarea Plan are addressed in prior sections of this report, and have included public meetings, open houses, and various means of advertisements. The approved PAA Subarea Plan will require some implementing activities, including interlocal agreements, and additional capital planning. Implementing activities depending on the nature of the activity may result in additional opportunities for public input in Revised 2010 VIII-64 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas accordance with state and local laws. Also, if the Subarea Plan is amended in the future, which is allowed typically on an annual basis by the GMA, other public participation efforts would be needed. Finally, the annexation process would require public notification and participation efforts pursuant to state laws. Public Participation Goal and Policies The following goal and policy would help direct public participation efforts in the PAA. Public Participation Goal Actively seek public involvement in PAA planning efforts. Public Participation Policy PAA Pub —1 Consistent with Washington State law, the City of Federal Way recognizes annexation as a process, which requires and benefits from public participation. As the City is the designated future municipal service provider to the PAA, the City should inform PAA residents, property owners, and business owners of City activities and invite participation from PAA residents, property owners, and business owners through the following efforts: a. Encourage City staff and elected officials to regularly attend civic and community organization meetings. b. Seek broad representation on boards, commissions, and advisory groups. c. Prior to action on City plans and regulations, seek and integrate public input through public workshops, meetings and hearings. 8.13 GOVERNANCE AND INTER -JURISDICTIONAL COORDINATION In accordance with the provisions of the GMA, new development should occur in designated urban growth areas, and urban services should primarily be provided by cities. In consultation with the county, a PAA for Federal Way has been designated in which it is anticipated that the City would ultimately provide services as property owners and citizens elect to annex. This will require a transition from county governance to City governance. Additionally, GMA requires coordination between land use and services/ capital planning, such as between the City of Federal Way, neighboring cities, special districts, and the county, for which the CWPP's help provide a regional framework. Revised 2010 VIII-65 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas While some service providers would not change, such as special districts including the Lakehaven Utility District, Highline Water District, Federal Way Fire Department, and Federal Way School District, other services provided by the county, including police and corrections services, surface water management, land use and building permitting, human services, and others would change. (A comparison of services and levels of service between the two agencies is identified in Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis, July 11, 2003; a detailed discussion of fiscal impacts is found in the Annexation Feasibility Study, December 2003.) Section 8.11 provides strategies to minimize negative impacts to public services and facilities impacted negatively by annexation. Governance/Interjurisdictional Goals and Policies Governance and interjurisdictional coordination would be directed by the following goal and policies. Governance/Interjurisdictional Coordination Goal Coordinate PAA planning efforts with other neighboring jurisdictions and agencies. Governance/Interjurisdictional Coordination Policies PAA Gov — I The City shall coordinate with King County to ensure service provision and land development prior to City annexation is consistent with the goals and policies of this plan. Methods to allow for coordination may include, but are not limited to, execution of an Interlocal Agreement between the City of Federal Way and King County to: a. Establish guidelines for development plan review, impact fees, and SEPA mitigation consistent with the PAA Subarea Plan; and b. Define service delivery responsibilities, level of service standards, and capital facility implementation consistent with the plan. PAA Gov — 2 Through regional planning efforts, the county and City should ensure PAA plans are compatible with neighboring jurisdictions, including King and Pierce Counties, and the cities of Algona, Auburn, Edgewood, Kent, Milton, and Pacific. PAA Gov — 3 Coordinated planning efforts between the City, King County, Lakehaven Utility District, Highline Water District, Puget Sound Energy, Federal Way School District, and Federal Way Fire Department should continue to assure managed growth supportive of the PAA land use, annexation phasing, and service delivery objectives. Revised 2010 VIII-66 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas 8.14 ANNEXATION For purposes of efficient services, coordinated land planning and development, and unity between economically and socially related areas, annexation may be desired by citizens, property owners, and the City. As noted above, the GMA provides for coordinated urban growth area planning between counties and cities with the intent that urban and urbanizing areas ultimately be served by municipalities. In the GMA framework, annexations may occur only within a jurisdiction's designated PAA. By addressing its city limits and PAA in its comprehensive plan, the City is responding to the GMA framework to manage growth, provide efficient services, and meet community needs in the broader Federal Way community. There are currently four methods of annexation applicable to the Federal Way PAA. The Election Method, Initiated by Ten Percent Petition, is initiated by the collection of signatures from qualified electors in the area proposed for annexation equal to ten percent of the number of voters in the last general election in that area. This method would require an election by the residents of the area being considered for annexation. This method could be used to annex portions of or all of the PAA at a time. ■ The Election Method, Initiated by Resolution, may be initiated by City Council resolution. This method would require an election by the residents of the area being considered for annexation. This method could be used to annex portions of or all of the PAA at a time. In May 2003, legislation became effective which adopted a new "Petition Method of Annexation" designed to overcome the state Supreme Court's findings of constitutional defects in the state's previous petition method. Under the new law, the annexation petition must be signed by property owners (owning a majority of the area) and by registered voters (a majority in the area). If there are no registered voters (vacant, commercial, or industrial property, or property that has residents but no registered voters), then only owners of a majority of the area need sign. This method could be used to annex portions of or all of the PAA at a time. In July 2003, another "Island Method of Annexation" became effective. It allows a legislative body to initiate an annexation process for an urban island of territory by adopting a resolution commencing negotiations for an interlocal agreement between the initiating city and the county. At least 60 percent of the island must be contiguous to one or more cities. A public hearing is required by the county and the city separately or jointly, before the agreement is executed. Following adoption and execution of the agreement by both legislative bodies, the city legislative body is to adopt an ordinance providing for the annexation of the territory described in the agreement. Generally, a petition or public vote is not required. The method has a vote requirement if property owners reject annexation Revised 2010 VIII-67 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas through obtaining a certain number of petition signatures. This island method could be used to annex all of the Redondo East, and/or all of the Northeast and Southeast PAAs as a whole. It may be possible to use the island method to annex portions of the major subareas. As identified in Section 8.11, no individual strategy or combination of strategies will make annexation feasible for the major or community level subareas (other than Redondo), without significant sacrifices or costs to the City in the form of reduced levels of service or financial impacts to citizens. Annexation of smaller areas involve portions of the cost of the entire PAA; therefore requests for small area annexations should be reviewed in the context of the annexation strategies and policies in Section 8.11, as well as the policies below. Annexation Goals and Policies Annexation Goals Provide a framework for processing annexation requests. Annexation Policies PAA Annex —1 The City should give priority consideration to annexation proposals that are financially self-sufficient, or those where the fiscal impact can be improved through annexation strategies such as those identified in Policy PAA CapFac-4. As areas become feasible for annexation, such areas may be prioritized for annexation in accordance with the following: a. Priority criteria should include: ■ Neighborhood willingness to annex. ■ Land use developability where urban densities may be achieved, rate of growth indicating City oversight of growing area would ensure compatible development with City goals and requirements, and other similar land use factors. ■ Ability to provide a balance in costs and revenues to the City. ■ City's ability to provide appropriate levels of service. ■ The annexation includes areas with regionally serving infrastructure that meets City of Federal Way Level -of -Service (LOS) standards. Infrastructure examples may include parks and recreation facilities, arterial roadways, regional surface water detention facilities, etc. Annexation areas containing nonconforming infrastructure should have sufficient planning and funding mechanisms in place to assure existing LOS deficiencies are addressed. Sufficient planning mechanisms may include affected areas being addressed in capital facility plans. Sufficient funding mechanisms may include anticipated Revised 2010 VIII-68 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas utility tax revenues from the affected area, and the establishment of a Local Improvement District to minimize any gaps in tax revenues. Logical and reasonable service areas based on Policies PAA Annex-2 and PAA Annex-3. b. Annexation of the geographic subareas may be phased over several years. PAA Annex — 2 The City should process annexation requests in accordance with review criteria. Review criteria should include: a. The proposal meets the priority criteria of PAA Annex — 1. ■ Annexations are an appropriate size. Appropriate size means an area that warrants the staff time and expense involved in processing annexation requests and complies with the goals of the GMA and the CWPP's. ■ Annexations generally should not have or create abnormally irregular boundaries. ■ The annexation must, to the greatest extent possible, preserve natural neighborhoods and communities. ■ The annexation proposal should use physical boundaries, including but not limited to, bodies of water, highways, and land contours, including meeting provisions of PAA Annex-3. ■ The annexation proposal should create and/or preserve logical service areas, including meeting provisions of PAA Annex-3. PAA Annex — 3 The City will use, but may not be limited to, the following factors in determining the specific location of an annexation proposal boundary. a. The annexation boundary, where appropriate, should adjust any impractical or irregular boundaries created in the past. b. The annexation boundary should provide a contiguous and regular boundary with current City limits. c. The annexation boundary, where appropriate, should be drawn along property and/or existing or future right-of-way boundaries. Annexation boundaries, where possible, should not be drawn along right-of-way centerlines. d. PAA roadways contiguous to a proposed annexation area should not be included within the proposed annexation boundary, unless the roadways are contiguous to current City limits. e. When a proposed annexation is located in the vicinity of a PAA King County surface water management facility, the City Public Works Department should evaluate the facility and the water Revised 2010 VIII-69 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas basins it serves to determine whether the boundary should be modified to include the public facility. f When a proposed annexation is located in the vicinity of a PAA public recreation facility, the City Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Services Department should evaluate the financial feasibility of modifying the annexation boundary to include the public facility. g. When a proposed annexation includes portions of a natural lake, the annexation boundary should be modified to include or exclude the entire lake area from the proposed annexation. h. When a proposed annexation is located in the vicinity of a PAA special purpose district facility (i.e. school, fire station, etc.), the City should consult with the respective district regarding modifying the boundary to include the special purpose district facility. PAA Annex — 4 Upon annexation, properties shall be required to assume FWCP designations and zoning as found in the adopted PAA Subarea Plan (Maps VIII-6 and VIII-7, respectively). a. The adopting ordinance for the pre -annexation plan and zoning shall specify the time interval following an annexation during which the ordinance adopting the pre - annexation plan and zoning, must remain in effect before it may be amended by the City. b. Any amendment to the pre -annexation land use plan that is adopted as part of the comprehensive plan is subject to the general GMA limitation that the comprehensive plan may be amended no more frequently than once a year, unless exceptions are met. PAA Annex — 5 Where appropriate, the City and/or county should allow development agreements in the PAA that are consistent with the approved Subarea Plan. PAA Annex — 6 The City will require owners of land annexing into Federal Way to assume their proportion of existing City bonded indebtedness. PAA Annex — 7 The City and county will work with affected neighborhoods upon annexation to provide a smooth transition from King County to City of Federal Way administration. PAA Annex — 8 The City should establish departmental service needs prior to major annexations through a fiscal impact analysis. As revenues from each annexation area are collected, increase City services to maintain current citywide levels of service or determine other level of service phasing, reduction, or customization as identified in Policy PAA CapFac-4. Revised 2010 VIII-70 FWCP — Chapter Eight, Potential Annexation Areas PAA Annex — 9 The City should evaluate the unincorporated lands beyond the PAA boundaries, including but not limited to, the Browns Point and Dash Point areas of Pierce County and the southwest King County "gap" area, that may be appropriate to include within the PAA. The City should work with King County and Pierce County and neighboring jurisdictions regarding the potential addition of any lands to the Federal Way PAA. 8.15 TECHNICAL REFERENCES TO THE SUBAREA PLAN The following technical references are available under separate cover. A. City of Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Inventory, Final, March 18, 2002. B. "Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Level of Service Analysis," July 11, 2003. C. "Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Land Use Analysis Compilation," March 5, 2003. D. Federal Way Potential Annexation Area Annexation Feasibility Study, December 2003. Revised 2010 VIII-71 Community Level Subarea Ste, Lake Boundaries ■ Federal Way PAA I Potential Annexation Area Element I� Legend: El Federal Way steel Lake 4 U Algona ■ Auburn ' 0 Des Moines 1 / 1 ' I Auburn Kent • i 0 Milton Pacific Federal Way, P.A.A. 0 Algona, P.A.A. 0 Auburn, P.A.A. Federa W ■ 0 Kent, P.A.A. -I E:: Milton, P.A.A. North Lake 1 ■ Pacific, P.A.A. ■ — . J 1 Vicinity Map I a oa.V. I ■ I I — ■ ■ FEDERA WAY ♦ r ■ I� Scale: i 0 1/2 Mile N Map Reformatted:1012006 Please Note: D City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use flee 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Law Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty f, www.cityoffederalway.com as to its accuracy. rem a Lake cific Federal Way Map VIII-1 ../data2Aabitham/epma ps/paa/genmap.aml City of Federal Way 272nd ST - s 272nd ST Comprehensive Plan Community Level Subarea I ake Boundaries 8 ■ Potential Annexation l� z Area Element ■ I ■ ■ w S SO th I ■ I ■ Steel Lake _ Legend: _ -. ■ . _ _I Potential Annexation Area - 3 wr a elOt Community Level Subareas: 0 Star Lake (Northeast) Auburn 0 Camelot (Northeast) V I n Jovita (Southeast) u ' 0 Lakeland (Southeast) 0 ST A " n Parkway (Southeast) A Other Areas: 3 ST << 0 Incorporated Area Federa Wa 0 Unincorporated Area ", Source: City of Federal Way, GIS Division & ku Z 9p ■ Department of Community Development Services, "odh I BWR, ECONorthwest, PAA Steering Committee, December 2001 aka O ■ W �' s Vicinity Map ■ i I I L IGeneve l " 4 � ■ Q' Scale: OVlta 0 1/2 Mile r Map Reformatted:10/2006 Please Nate: °D City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use City Five 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederalway.com as to its accuracy. I `'k° clfic A Federal Way " --i�' Map VIII-2 • ..Idata2Aabitham/paa/commap.aml City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan Sensitive Areas Potential Annexation Area Element Legend: ♦ Lakehaven Utility District Well • Private Well (All Uses, In Use and Unused) Blue/Green Heron Breeding Nest /V Streams ®/ Anadromous Fish Runs Resident Fish Present Riparian Areas Urban Natural Open Space Water Fowl Deep Aquifer 4V Eastern Upland Aquifer Redondo Milton Channel Aquifer • . V Mirror Lake Aquifer Susceptibility to Groundwater Contamination - Medium Sensitivity Susceptibility to Groundwater Contamination - High Sensitivity ELI 100 Year Floodplain Wetands Source: King County GIS Center, December 2001, City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan, 2000, Lakehaven Utility District, 2002 Sheldon and Associates, April 2002 and State of Washington This document is not a substitute for a field survey. ADDITIONAL SENSITIVE AREAS MAY EXIST. FEDERA WAY Scale: 0 1/2 Mile Map Reformatted:10/2006 City of Federal Way, 33325 8th Ave S, Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 835-7000 www.cityoffederalway.com C as U_ Note: Wetlands and streams were identified in a 1998 City of Federal Way study. Wildlife N habitat information comes from the State of Washington Please Note: This map is intended for use as a graphical representation ONLY. The City of Federal Way makes no warranty as to its accuracy. -% Federal Way ../data2Rabilhem/apmapa/paa/or&aml Map VIII-3 City of Federal Way a sr Comprehensive Plan Sft Parks & Cultural Resources R e ... ' Potential Annexation ' Area Element 49 5 99 ' it Legend: Recreational Facilities: I Sol S s th Q Fishing Access, Lake Geneva Q Fishing Access, Lake Killarney Lake 0 Federal Way Senior Center �I Q. North Lake Improvement Club " a elot I Cultural Resources Aubum O Fancher House © Sutherland's Gas Station and Grocery r ' . Westborg House — Community Level Subarea Boundary T Federa < Public Park 0 Incorporated Area unincorporated Area 94 I Source: City of Federal Way GIS, Lake King County Department of Natural Resources, December 2001, Federal Way Senior Center, February 2002 and State Washington, Department ' of of Fish and Wildlife, February, 2002 e I rt 0 I t.a" I • FEDERA WAY o_ as 4 2, x > Scale: i jovita H 0 1/2 Mile W e 'A Map Reformatted:10/2006 Please Nate: D City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use % 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Wes", Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederalway.com as to its accuracy. 181 TMW r Lk. © CHIC .� Federal Way _ , 1st ../date2Rabilham/cpm aps/paa/pedca.em I Map VIII-5 -- fell►� , . �, _ t r� �iiii111iIV uI`fll"IuME �-i1i111d11Y'I .�.4 �r.�■. oi- IN L•-dry'■h. ',tZ•.:w: •.-d.��:lq:: Jl WE _:e 'J ■t3 I Illlk: ., ■9•• nuia''a1 N::T'a�"i „� j::. Ali■='�, �u 111: Y' urgl Auburn n I 11 _ Illlllli �� el:' Ali - �i117�� 5 18 i11111RS>.Ii ■ =_ �.n •�4 IIry� -�11'��2 ••■i IF illlllillllr ��• � — A��iV •.ell.. '■JI111: �� ■ ��;;ry�lll�a'1=1-::■Y��/llj ,� ••ill`\�I_ _ ■ .....�� Jil�=_11� ^16 ■ .,.: _ ■■�. tee •'�3:.=y, eoL'L*Yet= � •'aRFS �� p�•'C _ /III r.. �i:■?i��Pacific City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan Pre -Annexation Comprehensive Plan Designations Potential Annexation Area Element Legend: Community Business Mufti Family Neighborhood Business Parks and Open Space 0 Office Park 0 Single Family, Medium Density 0 Single Family, High Density Source: City of Federal Way FEDEAA WAY Q .0 Scale: 0 1/2 Mile ® N Map Reformatted:1012006 Please Nate: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederalway.com as to its accuracy. A Federal Way ../data2bblham/opmaps/paa/fwwmp.aml MapV111-6 � WUM! v •.. '1 _ alll -1111101 I,l:5L .All ANSI m : _at ' ■:•e- M. ST ;: 1 :� • cSitiliri:� :� " :.- ♦ :"i::vile •....r....,:.:.o' Cd•n•.�:i 1:�1:11.1. r.:•T-tl�•:-.ral � jy�� •�� nA.1 ��- :9■11 Ili: �.:''�� 5 •`vim,= jai; 4''� ��^ 1I1 ■n Il '' ill' � • '. ��`•� Aubur ��, lid I � 1 �� pL:E�:•ti 1 '�• u.11 d� l'i1i l Federal Way 5 illl _ :•: �� 1•1FIN IN Irui7==jiii�l 11111 -�IJ■, SAI rNglllf�.h_ �� ■ . 1■1�71L - :■ 1: _■--c'i' �'11111 tia:7�111�'1:-:': - dal■�e:F:t:l:: c9■■wEll 4'i:: �:■ a F e;1 NEI Fill `:i ■ • �!, • 1 -,1 �,. Gill -� Ir! 7P�CIp� � �,- • i i9l ■_ �1111e� �•■■'71 7Pacific181 City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan Pre -Annexation Zoning Map Potential Annexation Area Element Area Governed by Development Agreement Legend: - BC (Community Business) BN (Neighborhood Business) OP (Office Park) RS35.0 (1 Unit/35,000 SF) 0 RS9.6 (1 Unit/9,600 5F) RS7.2 (1 Unit/7,200 SF) RS5.0 (1 Unit/5,000 SF) RM3600 (1 Unit/3600 SF) RM2400 (1 Unit/2400 SF) . RM1800 (1 Unit/1800 SF) Source: City of Federal Way FEDERA WAY c ctY Scale: 0 1/2 Mile ® N Map Reformatted:10/2006 Please Note: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederalway.com as to its accuracy. -% Federal Way ../data2Rabilhem/opmape/paaftzone.aml Map VIII-7 tt� �I T 112111 6 5 \/ I� / � 01 � f■ti ' 1� 5 v� EN / �l k City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan Surface Water Facilities Potential Annexation Area Element Legend: ♦ Conveyance Facility 0 Residential Surface Water Facility A Commercial Suface Water Facility Regional Stormwater Facilities: i Lake Dolloff Outlet P-32 (Camelot Park) } Peasley Canyon Culvert Regency Woods, Div 1 j Regency Woods, Div Regency Woods, Div (2) S 360th St Embankment Sweet Briar Drainage Improvement Regency Woods, Div 1 Regency Woods, Div (3) 0 Problem, (In P.A.A.) See text. © Problem, (Outside P.A.A.) See text. Streams 100 Year Floodplain 0 Wetlands Hylebos Creek Basin Lower Green River Basin u Lower Puget Sound Basin 0 Mill Creek Basin E] White River Basin Source: King County GIS Center, December 2001, King County Department of Natural Resources, December 2001 & January - March 2002, g King County Asset .el, Development and Management Section, March 2002 Scale: 0 1/2 Mlle �\ Note: Wetlands and streams N were identified in a 1998 City of Federal Way study. Map Reformatted:10/2006 Please Note: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederaiway.com as to its accuracy. A Federal Way /��[ Map VIII-8 .ldata2/tabkham/apmaps/paalxswdmin.aml City of Federal Way S272ndST 27 nd 81 L Comprehensive Plan £ st.. 2 9 Arterials & Local Streets I ake • a ink 07— ' Potential Annexation Area Element 1 s teem I °f Legend: S 3o14ih th Federal Way Street Classifications: Principal Arterial Steel L.k. ... ` _ Minor Arterial ■ Principal Collector elOt Y Minor Collector �j Potential Annexation Area - / I Auburn Community Level Subareas: 31eth ST a ' y 1 Star Lake (Northeast) N 317t 0 Camelot (Northeast) a 1" C 0 Jovita (Southeast) S a • p S 21st in Lakeland (Southeast) Parkway (Southeast) T Federa Other Areas: Wa so , 0 Incorporated Area Unincorporated Area q Source: King County GIS Center, December2001, k City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan, 2000 LF- 31 w a i W ■ ■ a � � r 1 ■ 1 FEDERA WAY R. Geneva ' ¢ [O .,e Scale: ovUa 0 1/2 Mile 1 s seom sT ` ® N W Map Reformatted: 1012006 Please Note: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use /�` 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation wne Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederaWay.com as to its accuracy. 1 . ` 1 moat Lake . �FederalWay clflc Map VIII-9 ../data2ttabitha m /cpm a ps/paa@ra ns p. am l City of Federal Way S272ndST nd 81 L Comprehensive Plan £ _ A ° ` Y 2 th 9 ExistingRoadway Y Level of Service 1 ake • a ' Potential Annexation z eL Area Element e 1 ■ W 2.- ■ s ao�ih Legend: th sT Level of Service Intersections: .. ■— - — 0 Meets City LOS Steel sake �o Failed Intersection (Before Mitigation) 6 • Federal Way Street Classifications: 'Y Principal Arterial gT elOt Minor Arterial Auburn Principal Collector ' I A Y' ' Minor Collector S16th ST a 13:N 317t y < L] Incorporated Area v a 4 _ •_. 9 � 0 Unincorporated Area Ar s 1 ■ S 219t in Potential Annexation Area - a Community Level Subareas: f� 0 Star Lake (Northeast) T � Federa E] Camelot (Northeast) 0 Jovita (Southeast) h ��+ ■- -1 E] Lakeland (Southeast) ' .90 1 0 Parkway (Southeast) Now Lake Source: IOng County GIS Center, December 2001, City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan, 2000, W Jones & Stokes,2002 �t e i aa._J w a i W ■ ■ a � � r ■ � 1 ■ 1 FEDERA WAY Geneva ;� ■ ¢ [O Scale: � OVlta 0 1/2 Mile 1 s sgoih sT ` ® N W Map Reformatted: 1012006 Please Note: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation wne Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederaWay.com as to its accuracy. 1 ■ ` 1 moat Lake ■ �FederalWay clflc Map VIII-10 ../data2ttabitha m icpm a ps/paa/los.a m l s l N S�—� 316thIST Z N sta, Lake Federa Watt, y o V North Lake S�m City of Federal Way 1 Comprehensive Plan Y 2 th Year 2020 Roadway Level of Service a Potential Annexation ,., Area Element Legend: Level of Service Intersections: ■—' — O Meets City LOS Failed Intersection (Before Mitigation) r . _ ,I Federal Way Street Classifications: ■ / Principal Arterial Minor Arterial N Auburn Principal Collector Minor Collector 0 Incorporated Area `■ 0 Unincorporated Area Potential Annexation Area - Community Level Subareas: Star Lake (Northeast) 0 Camelot (Northeast) Jovita (Southeast) �.I F7 Lakeland (Southeast) J 0 Parkway (Southeast) ■ Source: King County GIS Center, December 2001, City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan, 2000, Jones & Stokes.2002 ■ NEW". - wom ,.dA 14MMI . Effit Frve Mile Lek* I FEDEAA WAY t= Cz Scale: 0 1/2 Mile N Map Reformatted:1012006 Please Note: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffederalway.com as to its accuracy. A Federal Way da2Aabi[ham/opmaps/paa/Ios2020.am1 Map V 111-11 City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan 20 Year Proposed Intersection Improvements Potential Annexation Area Element Legend: OProposed Intersection Improvement vlclnRy neap FEEERA WAY Scale: 0 1/2 Mile ® N Map Reformatted: 10/2006 City of Federal Way, 33325 8th Ave S, Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 835-7000 www.cityoffederalway.com Please Note: This map is intended for use as a graphical representation ONLY. The City of Federal Way makes no warranty as to its accuracy. Afe6ralWay Map V111-12 ../data2Rabitham/cpmapa/paaAntim pmap.amI ■tiL��/11�'li i 1,c . YI N S 3 IIIII E ■■,� FIRE STATION 5 ■ LIPA I Auburn FIRE �� STATION 4 Fire �1 Y10 1i r �11 1 STATION 1 � v City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan Fire Department Facilities Potential Annexation Area Element Legend: Fire Station Fire District Boundary Community Level Subarea Boundary 0 Incorporated Area 0 Unincorporated Area Source: Federal Way Fire Department, City of Federal Way GIS Division, February 2002 FEDERA WAY as Scale: 0 1/2 Mile N Map Reformatted:10/2006 1 Please Nate: City of Federal Way, This map is intended for use 33325 8th Ave S, as a graphical representation Federal Way, WA 98003 ONLY. The City of Federal (253) 835-7000 Way makes no warranty www.cityoffaderalway.com as to its accuracy. AFe6ralWay Map VIII-13 ../data2ttabbam/epmaps/paaNired ist.am I r V' i , w..a S 3?2tli SIT S 320ih ST I JAwnr en1PAAlschk 288th ST� Cameral E<•m.niary r,r. o.lu.li Ebnenlery Hra. IAiddh Sd** C.I ra�ea�a F lemnnlnry IWA, MHAMI City of Federal Way + Comprehensive Plan Public School - K&'' Facilities district Potential Annexation Area Element Legend Public School Facilities ! -- School Distdct Boundary School locations Potential Annexation Area Community Level Subareas: L_j Camelot (NArlh East) Cj ,Iovita (South toasty �f Lakeland (South East) Parkwzy (South East) f Star Lace (North East) iSr t Other Areas ,.. Incorporated Area A Unh"rporaled Area FEOE WA} 0 0,25 0.5 Mile A N trap Relomiatte3d, W2010 This map is intended City of Federal Way, Mi. use as a graphical 33325 8th Ave S, representation ONLY Federal Wy. WA. 9$003 The City of Federal Way (253) 835-7000 makes no warranty to v~.dtyo(federahvay.com its accuracy_ crltiedql 1. Feral Way Map Vill -14 REVISED MAP - JUNE 2010