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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPRHSPSC PKT 10-25-1999 f /VI~ City of Federal Way CITY COUNCIL PARKS, RECREATION, HUMAN SERVICES & PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE Monday, October 25, 1999 12:00 p.m. City Hall Mt. Baker Conference Room AGENDA 1. CALL TO ORDER 2. PUBLIC FORUM 3. COMMISSION COMMENTS 4. APPROVAL OF OCTOBER 11,1999 SUMMARY 5. COMMITTEE BUSINESS A. Updates to Human Services Camp Plan Action Guenther 6. PENDING ITEMS A. Cellular Antenna Lease Revenues 7. NEXT MEETING - November 8,1999 - 5:30 p.m. 8. ADJOURNMENT Committee Members: Jack Dovey, Chair Jeanne Burbidge Linda Kachmar Staff: Jennifer Schroder, Director Sue Floyd, Administrative Assistant 661-4041 . City of Federal Way City Council }> ARKS, RECREATION, HUMAN SERVICES & PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE Monday, October 11, 1999 5:30 p.m. City Hall Mt. Baker Conference Room SUMMARY In attendance: Council Committee members Linda Kachmar and Jeanne Burbidge; David ~vloseley, City Manager; Derek Matheson, Assistant to the City Manager; Jenhifer Schroder, Director of Parks Recreation and Cultural Services; lwen Wang, Director of Management Services; Bob Sterbhnk, Deputy City Attorn,ey; Sandra Warter, Coun Administrator; Brian Wilson, I)eputy Director of Public Safety; Jon Jainga, Park Planning and Development Manager; Cary Roe, Director of Public Works; Ken Miller, Deputy Director of Public Works; Marwan Salloum, Street Systems Manager; Al Emter, Project Engineer; Ann Guenther, I-hunan Services Manager; Sue Floyd, Administrative Assistant Guests: David Kaplan, Barbara Reid, Parks and Recreation Commission; Lisa \Velch, Human Services Commission Acting Committee Chair Linda Kachmar calkd the meeting to order at 5:31 p.m. PUBLIC FORUM None COMMISSION COMi"IENTS David Kaplan: Thanked stafffor submitting Celebration Park to the International N0l1hwest Parks and Recreation Association for "Design of the Year" award, which it won. Also expressed appreciation to staff, Federal Way School District and Federal Way Soccer Association for \\'orking together in submitting a grant to the Interagency Committee for Outdoor Recreation for renovation of the Sacajawea upper soccer field. Staff have received notice from lAC of a grant award. APPROY AL OF SEPTE~ŒER 27.1999 SUMMARY The September 27, 1999 minutes were approved as corrected. BUSINESS ITEMS BPA TRAIL PHASE III In February of 1998, the Public \V orks Department contracted with Paral11etrix, Inc., !O develop the trail alignment and construction documents for BPA Trail Phase III. The City hosed two public meetings in tv!ay and June of 1998 regarding the design proposals. The consultant presented tmree trail alignments. The conm1Uniry survey accepted trail alignn1ent "A." On September 14, 1998, the Council Committee approved trail alignment "A." The trail design for BPA Phase III is 95% complete. The engineer's cost estimate for constructi<)n is $749,694. The Public Works Depanment recently received a Federal Enhancement Grant "TEA-21" for $629, 77~. The estimated City's unfunded cost for ¡he project is S 150,000. Staff recommended allocating S48,000 from 13P A Phase II, and $102,000 to be allocated as part of the mid-year biennium budget adjustment. [f the City does not provide the match, the grant will not be available, ¡vir Kaplan noted that the Parks and Recreation Conm1Íssion endorses staffs recommendation. JEA.l\iNE BURBIDGE !\IOVED, LINDA KOCHJ\L\.R SECONDED A MOTION TO FORWARD THE FOLLOWING RECO:\L\ŒNDAnON TO FULL COUNCIL: 1) ACCEPT THE 1999 FEDER-\.LEi'i'1IA"'CEMENTGR~~T"TEA-21" FORS629,775: 2) APPROVE THE BPAPlL-\.SE III TRAIL FINAL DESIGN OF 95% AND PROCEED WITH CONSTRUCnON DOCF\lENTS Al~D PUBLIC BID: 3) RECOM¡\ŒND THAT COUNCIL CONSIDER FUNDING THE MATCH REQUIRE1\ŒNT OF S102,000 IN THE MID-BIENNIUM BUDGET ADJUST.\IENT ANDREALLOCATES48,OOO FROMBPA TRAIL PHASE II. ¡VIOTlO\" PASSED. , JUD!CIAL INFOlUvL-\ T!O~ SYSTEM EQUIPMENT rNTERLOCAL AGREE\-1ENT Mr. Matheson reported that the .TIS is a sutewide computer system that tracks cases in mllniclpal and other tOllrts, The system is managed by the state's Office of the Administrator for the Courts (OAC), which noffilally purchases, maintains, and replace,; all hardware and software neCè5sary fo! the system. Because the State Legislature did not anticipate the forrnatlon of the Federal Way Municipal Court. OAC does not have the necessary funding in its budget to bnng Federal Way online. Therefore, staffhave worked out an agreement with OAC whereby the City will contribute the funds necessary to rurchase the equipmenr. Parks, Recreation, Human Services & Public Safety Council Committee October 11, 1999 Summary Page Two and OAC will purchase the equipment, maintain it, and add it to its normal replacement schedule. The estimated $27,600 cxpcnditllre is anticipated in the Municipal Court's start-up budget. Ms. Wartcr explained that the system will be up and running on January 3, 2000. JEANNE BURBIDGE MOVED, LINDA KOCHMAR SECONDED A MOTION TO AUTHOlUZE THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE THE INTERLOCAL AGREEMENT WITH THE ST ATE FOR THE PURCHASE OF EQUIPMENT NECESSARY TO OPERATE TI-IE JIS SYSTEM. MOTION PASSED. PENDING ITEMS Fisher's Pond: A letter was sent to Ms. Lynda Jenkins of the Historical Society from the Mayor regarding the Fisher's Pond site. Ed Swan, Ncighborhood Development Specialist, has bccn assisting the Historical Society by providing volunteers. City Facility Plan: In 1997, staffput together a City Facility Plan. Ms: Kochmar and Ms.l3urbidge requested a copy to review. Hylebos State Park: Staff is working with the Historical Society and Friends of the Hylebos on an interlocal agreement for the development of Historical Cabins Park. An agreement from the State is forthcoming in which the State will give the City $50,000. King County is also granting $50,000 to the Friends of the Hylebos for this project. The question arosc as to whether the State will be giving Hylebos State Park to the City. Staff responded that to date, this has not been discussed. Also, Eileen Marckx, in her will, left her portion of H ylebos property to the State. Cellular Antenna Site: Mr. Sterbank noted that the Law Department is close to completing negotiations with Nextel for a cellular antenna site a: Sacajawea Park, and may be on a future committee agenda. Discussion ensued on where the revenue from the lease will be deposited, i.e., the general fund or in parks and recreation budget. This item will be discussed at a future meeting. FUTURE AGENDA ITEMS NEXT MEETING October 25, 1999, 12:00 p.m. ADJOURNMENT The meeting adjoumed at 6:00 p.m. CITY OF FEDERAL WAY I CITY COUNCIL PARKS, RECREATION, HUMAN SERVICES AND PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE Date: From: Subject: October 18, 19991 . Ann Guenther, Human Services Manager ¡:tL::!- Human Services Comprehensive Plan Update I Backqround The Human Services Plan was written in 1996 and much of the data used in the Community Profile section is based on 1995 service data and statistics. The purpose of updating the Human Services Comprehensive Plan at this time is to update the data in two sections of the Plan, the Community Profile and Human Services System sections, to include the most current information available regarding the human services needs and service gaps in our community. The objective is to have useful data that the Commission and the City Council can use in making human services allocatiom and policy decisions. The Plan is being updated at this time, so that it will be available for use Iduring the 2001-2002 Human Services Allocation Process, which begins in the first quarter df 2000. The research for this year's update confirms the need for funding in all four of the Council goal areas. As a result, no recommendations for changes to the funding policies are recommended at this time. The policies and specific funding strategies, outlined in Section Four of the Plan, continue to be useful guides for allocation and policy decisions. This memo outlines the process lUsed for updating the Plan, a summary of the proposed changes and a summary of the key findings as a result of this update. Attachments to this packet include the following sectibns of the Plan: 1) Original Section One - Overview, with minor updates noted; 2) Revised Section Two - Community Profile; 3) Revised Section Three- Human Services Systems; 4) Original Section Four - Strategies, with one change noted; 5) Revised Appendix A (Provider List); 6) Original Sections Two and Three for reference. Process Used for Updatinq the' Plan In early 1999, the Human Services Commission reviewed the Plan and provided feedback to staff on the changes and information Œey would like to see made to the Community Profile and Human Services Sections of the Plan. After conducting a competitive bid process, staff contracted with the human services consultant team of Sylvie McGee, All for a Good Cause and Linda Rinaldi, to research and update these two 'sections of the Plan. Both Sylvie and Linda have extensive experience in writing human services plans including work for the cities of SeaTac and Tukwila. They have also conducted human services assessment and planning services for the City of Kent, the King County Consolidated Plan, and the King County Housing Authority. This project is funded with 1999 Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Planning and Administration funds. The consultant team began work on this project in April They have used a wide range af sources to update the plan including reviewing service data from local human services providers, reviewing reports from state and county agencies and key informant interviews with community service providers. They have also conducted focus groups with members of the Ukraiman and Hispanic communities and human service providers. In September, the Human Services Commission reviewed the draft of the Human services Comprehensive Plan updates and provided comments on the draft. The draft has also been available for public comment, mailed to human service providers, and reviewed by City staff from those departments providing human services. These comments have been incorporated into the draft attached for the Committee's review. Summary of Proposed Updates to the Plan Section 1: Overview On page 1, the Human Services funding history information in the first paragraph and in the chart has been updated to include 1997-1999 information. Section 2: Community Profile The majority of the information in this section has been updated. This section is now organized into the four Council goal areas and includes information on human services needs in Federal Way. A broad range of issues are covered including: population statistics, refugee and immigrant data, employment and income information, education information, crime data, information on domestic violence, child abuse, and sexual assault, updates on welfare reform, and housing data. Each section includes updated information in each of these areas and a summary of the implications for services to Federal Way residents. Section 3: Human Services System The majority of the information in this section has been updated. This section includes information on a broad range of areas' including services provided by different sectors of government, services provided by private community-based agencies, and churches. This section provides an overview of the range of services available, outlines the programs funded by the City and discusses the capacity issues in each of the four goal areas. Section 4: Strategies On page IV-9, the City's policy regarding the target of 37% being allocated to Goal 1 - Basic Needs has been added This policy was established by the City Council in 1998. Appendix A: Organizations Providing Human Services to Federal Way Residents This section describes the services of more than 80 organizations serving Federal Way residents. Service and address information has been updated throughout and new service organizations have been added. Organizations added as part of this year's update are noted with the .:. symbol. Appendix B: City of Federal Way, CDBG Four-Year Strategies, 1996-1999 The City's 2000-2003 CDBG Strategies, as approved by the Council in May 1999, will be included as an Appendix (Not included with this packet.) Appendix C: List of References - -This list wit! be updated to include the new sources used in the updates to Chapter II and III. This revision is in process and the new version will be added to the final document. (Not included with this packet.) 2 Key FindinÇJs As noted above, the research for the update confirms a continued need for funding in all four of the Council goal areas. Some of the key findings in the report include the capacity issues summarized in Section III of the report. Below are some highlights of these findings: Basic Needs . Even though welfare reform h$s succeeded in reducing the number of caseloads, many of the families leaving welfare for entry level jobs are having more difficulty making ends meet. As a result, agencies providing basic need services of food and shelter are seeing an increased demand for services lack of adequate public transportation is an issue'for many providers of basic needs services. Residents who do not have reliable cars must use buses to get to service locations. As a result, agencies must provide $ubsidies for bus transportation, which impacts emergency funds available for other needed services. Public Safety . Continued population growth i~ the City is likely to continue to increase the need for counseling, family support and services to victims of crime such as domestic violence and sexual assault. . Immigrant, refugee and non-Ënglish speaking families require counseling services that are culturally and linguistically appropriate. Counseling service providers report difficulty in reaching these populations effectively. Diversification of service providers or greater investment in developing appropriate services within mainstream providers is an emerging need. Self-Sufficiency and Independence . lack of an adequate supply of child care is a barrier for many families. State and county subsidy rates for child care services are in many cases below prevailing rates for these services. This limits the supply of child care slots that can be subsidized for low income parents seeking work. . Projected growth in the elderly population, especially the frail elderly over age 85, is likely to place increasing pressure on in-home support services for seniors. Strong Neighborhoods . Most residents work outside the City, limiting their time for community involvement to non-work hours. Many face lengthy commutes, which affect their ability participate in outside activities. Increased diversity in the population, particularly recent immigrants and refugees with limited English speaking skills, create challenges as neighbors seek to communicate and find common ground These are just a few of the findings in the report I wili be at your October 25, 1999 meeting to provide a brief overview of the updates to the Plan and to respond to your questions about the Plan. If you have questions before the meeting, please call me at (253) 661-4039. J Committee Recommendation: 1. Approve the Human Services Comprehensive Plan updates as written. Forward on to the full City Council for review on November 16, 1999. 2. Approve the Human Services Comprehensive Plan with the modifications made by the Committee. Forward on to the full City Council fo~ review on November 16, '1999. , . APPROVAL OF COMMITTEE REPORT: Committee Chair Committee Member Committee Member 4 SECTION 1 I HUMAN SERVICES COMPR!EHENSIVE PLAN I OCTOBER, 1999 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Overview A. History of City Support of Human Services Since its incorporation in 1990, the City of Federal Way has supported a range of human services through partnerships with human service agencies, neighboring South County cities and other service providers such as the Federal Way School District and the King County Public Health Department. In 1990, the City Council established the Human Services Commission to oversee the development of the City's human services program. The Human Services Commission is made up of nine Federal Way residents who provide recommendations on funding levels and related human service issues. Since establishing the Human Services Program, the City has provided $2,085,9<15 $3.242.840 (an average of $3<17,657 $360.316 annually) in general human services funding through contracts with local providers. In addition, the City funds human services through the federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program and through many of its Parks and Recreation programs. CDBG funds are used for capital projects and public services. Examples of CDBG projects include: improvements to the City's Visitation Retreat and Cultural Center Dumas Bay Center to comply with the federal Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), home repair loans for low income families, funds to the local food bank to rehabilitate their office and service space and subsidies for child care for low income families. Examples of Parks programs providing human services include special program~ for youth, seniors and people with disabilities. Human Services Funding History Year General CDBG Parks & Total Fund Recreation. 1991 $305,000 $114,632 $669,046 $249,414 1992 337,860 320,000 100,000 757,860 1993 366,028 456,000 34,000 856,028 1994 368,643 410,538 119,412 898,593 1995 382,000 653,229 134,233 1,169,462 1996 504,108 125,762 1,011,870 382,000 1997 350000 700 389 81,619 1,132,008 1998 388,775 599,149 82,680 1,070,604 1999 418,120 651,596 77,471 1,147,187 TOTALS $3,242,840 $4,600,009 $869,809 $8,712,658 -I City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Chart information from the City of Federal ~y Adopted Budget, 1999/00, p. 79. . 1994-1999 includes 50% of Community & Senior Center & 33% of Special Populations; 1991-1993 include contributions to the Federal Way Senior Center. I The chart above outlines the CitY's funding of human services (general, CDBG, Parks) for 1991- 1996. This support demonstrates the City's commitment to providing quality human services to City residents in need. B. Purpose of the Human Services Plan This document is prepared as a guidepost for establishment of Human Services policies and funding decisions by the City of Federal Way. Along with the adoption of a biennial budget, the City will provide more clarity ~ community based human services providers regarding the City's role and level of City fundi~g provided for human services with general fund revenues. Additionally, the plan will outline further policy development for the coming years, to increase I effectiveness of the City's partnership with other funders and service providers. C. Community Partnerships are Key in Providing a Continuum of Human Services The City cannot meet all of the hlfJman service needs in our community alone. Partnerships with service providers, churches, schools, and other funders at federal, state, county and local levels are critical in developing and maintaining a comprehensive system of services to the community. No one entity car meet the all the human service needs in the community. The City has two primary functions in human services: Funder: The City's role as ful1lder is to supplement federal, state and county dollars in service areas that are of highest priority for City residents, and to act as an incentive for effective service delivery within the City for low income Federal Way citizens. In addition to General Funds, the City's management and allocation of Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds is a significant resource to benefit community facilities and low income area :; of the City. I Policy Maker and Facilitator: The City also plays an important role in setting policies and establishing partnerships with regional and local institutions such as the school district, King County, the public health department, the business community, church and civic organizations, to create an infrastructure that supports its citizenry with opportunities for participation in economic Snd community life. -2 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan D. City Council Goals and ,Priorities The City Council has established four major goals as directives for the 1996 Human Services Plan. These goals will guide strategies and funding recommendations, and establish the focus areas for review of human services needs in this plan. They are, in order of priority: 1. Support basic human needs through funding of emergency services. 2. Support a strong service delivery system that increases public safety. 3. Provide support that supplements federal, state and county programs designed to increase self-sufficiency and independence. 4. Support service models that improve community-based collaborations and build strong neig hborhoods. The City of Federal Way's revised 1998 Comprehensive Plan establishes policy directives that impact human services. These relevant policies will also be noted in this plan where appropriate, to assist in successful impact and mutually supportive implementation of related City goals. E. Scope of the Human Services Plan 1. Targeted goals to maximize benefit of limited City dollars In this plan, the City will establish clear priorities as well as specific goals or outcomes desired. For example, in addition to prioritizing a category of services, the City may specify target populations or specific models of service delivery that are deemed most appropriate for City support, or represent a gap in service that fits City goals. These targeted goals will: . Delineate clear funding guidelines for community based agencies that request City funding. Enable City funding to have greater impact in establishment of specific program models that fit local community needs. Ensure that City resources fill specific identified gaps. Establish a foundation for evaluation of the effectiveness of City funded services to meet City Council goals. . . . 2. Integrated policies that result in support of City goals by relevant City departments and major City partners This plan will begin a process of integrating additional relevant City responsibilities that -3 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan . effect human services issues, as. well as human services endeavors that impact other City roles. Identification of mutually s~pported policies among City departments will increase the success overall of the City's leadership. These elements can outline further collaborative negotiations among City departments and initiatives in the coming years. These collaborative policies could include: . Human services designed to support success of community policing. . Parks and recreation progfams that effectively utilize and support human services goals in their programming. Human services models that strengthen neighborhood identity and community leadership. Economic development activities that are inclusive of lower income residents and their children. Effective domestic violence prosecution that supports the safety of victims and increases accountability of perpetrators. Affordable housing policies that increase stability of neighborhoods and retain community character while increasingi stock of housing affordable to lower income residents. . . . 3. Multiple effect strategie~ that integrate various elements of effective intervention into a whole cloth.to achieve positive results. The issues of concern addressed in this plan are complex. Many factors influence the ability of low income persons to improve their standard of living and overcome problems that impede their success and that of their children. The greater the extent of collaborative actions among these many factors, the greater the potential for positive impact. This plan will begin a process of improving linkages and strengthening community based support systems. . Design strategies that effect multiple problems and/or their causes simultaneously. . Specific strategies that utilize local community strengths and support long term stability. . Begin negotiations with providers and community groups to establish outcomes for services and methods of evaluation. F. About the Data Many sources were used to comþlete this report: census data, recent reports and studies, interviews with service providers, newspaper articles, and Public Hearing testimony to the Human Services Commission. The Plan quantifies human service data using the most accurate and current data available. When available, Federal Way specific data was used. In some instances, data was available by specific service areas. For example, this report documents data from the Federal Way School District. Even though the Federal Way School District includes parts of unincoporated King County and other South County cities, it is the -4 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan most recent data available and is considered to be relevant to the needs of children and youth in our community. A list of references is included in the appendix section of the report and original sources should be consulted if clarification of information is desired. G. Plan Organization In addition to Section I, Overview, this plan has three main sections: II. Community Profile: This section examines human service needs in Federal Way, focusing on factors related to City Council priorities. III. Human Services System: This section provides an overview of human services available to address the needs described in the Community Profile section. A brief summary of types of services available and revelant trends will be highlighted. Finally, selected research data and strategy considerations that relate to the priority goals established by the City Council will be summarized which lead to the strategies adopted in this document. IV. Strategies: This section outlines funding and policy recommendations adopted by the City Council to promote its goals in the human services delivery system. Identification of specific strategies and desired outcomes is a key step to improvement of the City's role as an effective partner in human services. K:Commonhs:planoverview -5 SECTION II HUMAN SERVICES , COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OCTOBER, 1999 SECTION II - COMMUNITY PROFILE In 1996, the Federal Way City Council established four goals for its human services programs. They are, in order of priority: 1. Support basic human needs through funding of emergency services. 2. Support a strong service delivery system that increases public safety. 3. Provide support that supplements federal, state and county programs designed to increase self-sufficiency and independence. 4. Support service models that improve community based collaborations and build strong neighborhoods. This 1999 update to the Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan, examines data that bears on each of these goals. Does what is known about the community support these goals as continuing priorities? Are there new issues on the horizon? Notes on Data in This Report In order to provide data on which Federal Way citizens and elected officials can rely in making choices about support of human services, data were reviewed that shed light on the Federal Way City Council's four Human Services Goals. Data are drawn from a wide variety of sources. Data are accumulated and analyzed for specific purposes. Often, these purposes have to do with seeking accountability for funding, or reporting the results of government or private non-profit initiatives to community members. As a result, the level at which data are collected and analyzed varies substantially. For example, very good local data are available about the demographics of school-aged children, because school districts collect and analyze these data, and because they have the authority to require participation in data collection from families in the school system. In contrast, the Seattle-King County Department of Public Health is responsible for a range of public health concerns. The Health Department analyzes some data on a countywide basis, and others on a health planning district level. Health planning districts are areas that are usually larger than a single city but smaller than a county. Further out, some data are collected primarily at the state or federal level. For example, data on veterans' needs is primarily national, although there are some localized County studies of the needs of homeless veterans. Basic data on child abuse and neglect are available for the area covered by a single DSHS office (in this case, South King County), but trend data on child abuse and neglect are primarily available at the state level. Finally, some data offer a better picture of service system capacity than of a particular social problem. For example, data on homelessness are limited to counts of shelter residents and a one-time annual street census of homeless persons outside shelters. People who double up with friends temporarily, camp, or sleep in their cars are very poorly reflected in these data. In crafting this report, an attempt has been made to use data that are reliable, as local as possible, and that allow for some comparison to other areas - other cities, the county or the state. Still, data are limited by all of the considerations discussed above. 11-1 In order to answer questions about priorities for human services, it is important to first have a clear picture of Federal Way as a community. FEDERAL WAY POPULATION The population in Federal Way has grown rapidly in the last 30 years, more than doubling during the 1960s f~om 14,200 to 46,600.1 By 1990 the population was 67,449.2 The City continues to grow ~aPidIY-bY 1999 the population was estimated at 76,910, an increase of 9,461 people, 0 14 percent.3 Federal Way is currently 3rd in size in King County behind Seattle and ellevue. Growth has not been uniform throughout King County. The largest increases were experienced in South and East King County. East King County grew by 57 percent between 1980 and 1998. South King County grew by 55 percent. Growth in Seattle was small in comparison. land suitable for new building, at prices that are affordable to much of the population, is at a premium in Seattle putting considerable pressure for new development in the surrounding King County. Percent Population Increase in King County by Region Region 1980-90 1990-98 1980-98 North 14% 7% 22% East 37% 15% 57% South 29% 20% 55% Seattle 5% 5% 9% King 19% 12% 34% Source: OFM and census data presented in United Way of King County, Health and Human Services Community Assessment, King County and Planning Areas, draft June 1999. Seattle still has about one-third of the population, but that has remained fairly constant. South King County now has 37 percent of the total County population (as of 1998). As this shift in population continues, so does incorporation of new cities and annexation of land into existing cities.4 This rapid and disproportionate growth in South King County presents new challenges for delivery of human services in the region. The impact on services is in part the result of an increasing number of residents, many of whom are lower income households attracted by more affordable housing. For some services that are delivered regionally - for example alcohol and drug detox and social security application and support - access to services can be hampered by transportation barriers. I 1 City of Federal Way, Community Profile, February 1993. 2 OFM, Forecasting Division, Popfllation Estimates, October 1998. 3 OFM, Forecasting Division, Apri11 Population of Cities, Towns and Counties. 4 King County Consortium, Consolidated Housing and Community Development Plan for 2000-2003, draft July 1999. II -2 -- ~----- -------------------- King County Population by Region 1,800,000 1,600,000 . 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 - 800,000 600,000 400,000 -- 200,000 -- 0 1980 . Seattle South. ~ 1990 1998 ----~- Source: OFM and census data presented in United Way of King County, Health and Human Services Community Assessment, King County and Planning Areas, draft June 1999. Age The population should continue to increase as the diversity of jobs and strong economy attract people to the region. Throughout the nation, some changes in the age distribution are anticipated, most the result of the "baby boom", their children and their grandchildren. Rapid growth of people 65 and older is expected especially after 2005 as "boomers" age.5 The number of young adults aged 18 to 24 should grow steadily through the year 2015. The number of school-age children, 5 to 17 years old, has increased strongly since 1986 and should continue until 2000, level off, and then resume growing beginning about 2015. Compared to King County, Federal Way had a larger percentage of children under 17 years old in 1990-27 percent compared to 23 percent in the County. In the County, this percentage grew between 1990 and 1998. Although specific forecasts are not available, it is expected that Federal Way continues to have a greater concentration of children and youth under 17 than King County overall. At the other end of the age spectrum, only 6 percent of the population was 65 or older in 1990 compared to 11 percent for the same period in King County. However, it is expected that the number of elderly will increase in Federal Way for three reasons: . Natural aging of the population - the latest population estimates prepared by the Seattle-King County Department of Public Health indicate that the proportion of elderly residents is rising in Federal Way . Seniors are tending to relocate to find affordable housing; and 5 OFM, Forecasting Division, 1997-99 Biennium Forecast Summaries, December 1996. II -3 . A significant number (1,317) of senior housing units - both subsidized and market rate - are in the planning" permitting or construction phases in Federal Way. The population over the age; of 75, potentially frail and in greater need of services, is lower outside of Seattle - although the percentage is increasing throughout the County. The number of people over 75 grew most in South and East King County, by 52 percent and 55 percent respectively between 1990 and 1999. This is quite a bit higher than the rate of growth in Seattle, where the over-75 population grew 20 percent over the same period. Race and Ethnicity King County is becoming more diverse. In 1990 the population was 83 percent Caucasian. This fell in 1998 to 79 percent, and is expected to fall further to 76 percent by 2003. United Way compared regions of the County. Data for the South Region is shown below. These figures mirror those of the whole County except that the percentage of Caucasians is higher in South Region and those of most other groups are lower. South ~egion Race and Ethnicity, 1990 - 2003 Af~ican Native Asian Am/ Other, non Year Caucasian American American Pacific Isl. Hispanic Hispanic 1990 86.6% 3.7% 1.2% 5.4% 0.1% 3.0% 1998 82.4% 4.6% 1.2% 7.4% 0.1% 4.4% 2003 79.8% 5.1% 1.1% 8.5% 0.1% 5.3% Source: Claritas Inc. Trendline Da~a provided in United Way of King County, Health and Human Services Community Assessment, King CoÚnty and Planning Areas, draft June 1999. For the most part, Federal Way was similar to the whole South King County region. The exception is the slightly higher Asian/Pacific Islander statistic. Seven percent of the population in Federal Way in 1990 was Asian/Pacific Islander compared to 5 percent in the South Region. Federal Way has a significant resident and business population of Korean-American citizens and immigrants. Seattle had the greatest degree of diversity in 1990-11 percent of the population in 1990 identified themselves as Asian/Pacific Islander. Refugees and Immigrants Kent and Federal Way are very fast-growing areas for refugees and immigrants due to availability of affordable housing. The central district of Seattle, formerly a primary destination, is being replaced by Kent and Federal Way.6 There are no data showing the numbers of refugees and immigrants coming to King County or regions within the County. The only way to keep track is to identify clients receiving assistance through publicly-funded programs. Even then, it is only possible to track clients, not numbers of persons. 6 Conversation with DSHS in King County. 11-4 This substantially underestimates the number of immigrants and refugees living in an area. Public assistance is available for only a limited period. Many families continue to need services, including English as a Second Language (ESL) and job training, beyond the limited support offered. Other families are reluctant to apply for services, fearing that it will have a negative impact on decisions of the Immigration and Naturalization service about their visa or residence permits. It is difficult to detect continued need for service. In Federal Way, the South King County Multi-Service Center reports that in their literacy program, over 50 percent (108 of 202) of participants have limited English speaking capacity. Service providers report a high level of need for translation services - in particular for Korean, Punjabi, Russian and Ukrainian and Spanish language translators. In addition, providers report a need for ESL services that are integrated with job training or job sites. Because income assistance for refugees is short-term, strategies to provide ESL classes must take into account that most will be working and will need immediate English skills related to employment. Between 1980 and 1998 there were 57,285 new arrivals of immigrants and refugees in King County that were tracked through the DSHS data system. These refer to cases, or persons being served-not individuals arriving. In a family of 4, for example, only the adult receiving income assistance may be counted. Understanding this limitation, in 1990, there were 3,005 arrivals; in 1995, there were 3,673 arrivals, and in 1998, there were 2,509 arrivals. During federal fiscal year (FY) 1998, half of the new arrivals tracked by DSHS were from Russia or former Soviet Union countries. A substantial portion were from Eastern Europe-probably close to 30 percent because most of those listed as "unknown" were from Eastern Europe (they were mistakenly recorded as being German). However, service providers report increasing numbers of East African immigrants in the Federal Way area, representing diverse language groups. Refugee Arrivals in King County and Washington State. Federal FY 1998 State Region of Origin Number Percent Number USSR/Soviet Union 4,333 63% 1,243 Eastern Europe 711 10% 229 Asia 465 7% 280 Near East 71 1 % 49 Latin America 31 <1% 20 Africa 159 2% 127 Unknown** 1,091 16% 561 Total 6,861 2,509 . These are persons receiving services only. Family members are not tracked unless they receive services individually, such as ESL. .* Most of these people are from Eastern Europe. They were mistakenly recorded as German, because the country prior to the United States was Germany, which was a point of emigration only. Source: Washington DSHS, WorkFirst Division, Program Operations. King County Percent Predominant Country 50% Ukraine (55%) 9% . ,Bosnia (90%) 11% Vietnam (81%) 2% Iraq (76%) 1% Guadeloupe (65%) 5% Somalia (70%) 22% II -5 Most immigrants and refugees served in King County are listed with the Rainier Community Service Office (CSO). In August 1999, there were 2,086 receiving service at the Rainier CSO, 1,683 at King South (Kent), 1,287 at Burien, and 681 at the Federal Way Community Service O~ice. As of September 10, 1999, there were a total of 699 immigrant and refugee clients receiving services at the Fe~eral Way CSO. Sixty-five percent were from the Ukraine. Altogether 90 percent were from Russia or former Soviet countries.? One indicator of the presence of immigrant and refugees is service level data from agencies providing human services. For 1999, the Community Health Center of King County reports that the primary language of 10 percent of patients is Russian, of 21 percent is Spanish, of 6 perçent is Korean, and that another 9 percent speak a variety of languages other than English. They anticipate that these percentages will rise, as they have recently added outreadh workers to reach Spanish and Russian/Ukrainian women for breast and cervical cancer screening. Since a Korean-speaking outreach worker was hired in late summer 1999, they have seen sharp increases in the number of Korean patients served at the clinic. Federal Way Youth and Family Services, which offers parenting classes, mental health counseling, family case management, anger management, and drug and alcohol prevention services is projecting that between 1997 and 1999, their services will increase by 59 percent - from 280 to 446 clients served. They note that in these services, they are increasingly providing Spanish and Russian/Ukrainian language services to meet community needs. Another way to assess the potential needs of refugees and immigrants is by services to students with primary language other than English. These services may be focused on helping students to learn En$lish, which is most common, or may provide more extensive help with general ihstruction. According to a report of tran$ition bilingual instruction provided in the State during the period 1985 to 1996, Federal Way was 9th in numbers served, out of 176 districts reporting in the State, and behind Seattle, Bellevue and Kent in King County.8 Statewide, there has been a substantial increase in the number of students, from 13,939 in 1985 to 50,737 in 1996-a 264 percent increase. Statewide, 5.3 percent of students are enrolled in transitional bilingual instruction. In 1996, Federal Way had 249 students in the program speaking 37 different languages. Most frequently spoken lang~ages were Russian (22 percent), Korean (21 percent), Spanish (18 percent), Ukrainiian (16 percent), and Vietnamese (6 percent). The other 32 languages comprise the remaining 17 percent. Twenty-four of these 32 languages were spoken by fewer than 10 students in the Federal Way school district, which speaks to isolation of both students and their families. At the end of the 1996/1997 school year, there were 1,407 students in the Federal Way School District who did not speak English.9 7 Report of caseloads received from DSHS for September 10, 1999. B Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, Transitional Bilingual Instruction Program: Washington State Transition Bilinguallnstructioh Program End-of- Year Evaluation report, 1995-1996 Program Year and 1985-1996 Program Trends, 1997. 9 Phone conversation with the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, Bilingual Education. II -6 COUNCIL GOAL #1 - Support basic human needs by funding emergency services. The discussion of Federal Way's population highlighted several groups of particular focus for emergency services. Most of those served by emergency services live in poverty. They include families under stress, frail elders, and refugees and immigrants. To these must be added victims of crime - in particular victims of domestic violence, who often experience abrupt disruption of their income and housing as they flee danger in the home. Economy and Jobs The economy in Federal Way has not had the strong manufacturing base offered by employers such as Boeing in other communities in King County. Instead, about two- thirds of the jobs are from retail trades (34 percent) and service industries (32 percent).10 The number of jobs increased just 5 percent between 1994 and 1997.11 In 1998 the total number of jobs had increased by an impressive 13 percent over the previous year to 27,792 positions.12 The percentage of service and retail remained about the same relative to the total number of jobs. Major employers and number of positions in 199713 were: Weyerhaeuser Co. (3,500), Federal Way School District (2,250), U.S. Postal Service (635), St. Francis Hospital (569), World Vision (500), Safeway Stores (313), Costco Wholesale (308), Fred Meyer (260), and Sears, Roebuck & Co. (250). Other major employers and businesses include Olympic Sports, Paragon Trade Brands, and Reliance Insurance.14 Continued economic development and increase in jobs is anticipated in the future. While these positions will remain in the service and retail sectors, wages in the new positions are expected be at the high end of the scale because of greater skill requirements. New companies are choosing to locate in Federal Way. For example, in early 1999, Capitol One located their West Coast headquarters in Federal Way. They project an eventual 500 jobs in the city. Income Overall Federal Way is relatively affluent compared to its neighbors. The median household income in 1989 of $38,311 was nearly 20 percent higher than other Southwest King County communities - and was exceeded only in Normandy Park.15 For comparison, the median household income in King County as a whole in 1989 was $36,179. The income in other South King County communities ranged from $30,007 in Auburn to $36,763 in Burien. Median income gives an idea of relative prosperity in a community. Half of the households in Federal Way earned $38,311 or more annually in 1989. By 1994 that had 10 City of Federal Way, Community Profile, February 1993. 11 King County Office of Budget and Strategic Planning, 1998 King County Annual Growth Report. 12 King County Office of Budget and Strategic Planning, 1999 King County Annual Growth Report. 13 South County Life 1998, "Cities: Federal Way", p87. 14 King County Office of Budget and Strategic Planning, 1998 King County Annual Growth Report. 15 City of Federal Way, Community Profile. February 1993. II -7 risen considerably, so that half of the households earned at least $53,00016. Distribution I of household income, however, is not even. Source: Puget Sound Regional Council 1996 preliminary household income estimates. Note: These data should be considered with caution because they are derived from census tract calculations. All of cßnsus tract 300.01 was included even though only a portion of the tract lies in Federal Way. , Households with earnings at the lower end of the distribution may have considerable difficulty meeting daily needs. Based on estimates prepared by the Puget Sound Regional Council, almost 4,000 Federal Way households earn less than $10,000 annually, and another 5,500 households earn between $10,000 and $20,000 a year. While the median household income is high compared to most South King County communities, there is a substantial portion of the population below poverty in Federal Way. Low-Income Households Several different measures are used to describe actual income of low-income households. The US Censu~ Bureau uses the poverty threshold definition. This is a measure that is adjusted anf1lually to reflect the effect of changes in the Consumer Price Index on a base measure of poverty originally established in the early 1960s, which reflects cost of a very basic $tyle of living depending on family size, composition and rural or urban residence. As of the 1990 census, 5.9 percent of Federal Way households lived below poverty.17 This included 8.0 percent of ~outh under 18 and 4.5 percent of people over 65. This was somewhat lower than King County-8.0 percent of the total population lived below poverty. Much of planning, particularly around housing affordability however, focuses on household income and compares that to median income for the region - rather than to the poverty line used by the Census bureau. HUD established ranges of income for prioritizing needs in the community. Examples of these incomes include: Annual Household Income Classifications by Household Size King County 1999 Income Group Very low (0 to 30% of median) Low (30%-50%) Moderate (50%-80%) Middle (80%-120%) Source: HUD guidelines for 1999 1 person $13,150 $21,900 $33,450 $43,800 Size of Household 3 people 5 people $16,900 $20,300 $28,150 $33,800 $43,000 $51,600 $56,300 $67,600 7 people $23,300 $38,800 $59,250 $77,600 Outside of Seattle, South King County contains the highest percentage of households earning below 30 percent of median-almost 7 percent in 1998 compared to 11 percent 16 King County Office of Budget and Strategic Planning, 1999 King County Annual Growth Report. 17 ibid. II -8 in Seattle.18 The percentage is expected to increase to 8 percent of households in South King County by 2003. Almost 16 percent of households in South King County earned below 50 percent of median in 1998, with Seattle again leading at 22 percent. By 2003, almost 18 percent of households in South King County will earn incomes below 50 percent of median, according to these same estimates. Current Benefits Recipients A 1994 report by the Department of Social and Health (DSHS) services identified Federal Way as 11 th out of 23 cities in King County in use of the Department's services, with 17 percent of the population using at least one DSHS service.. This is a snapshot of individual clients (recipients) in fiscal year 1994 (July 1993 through June 1994) over the total estimated population in 1994. In King County, Auburn was highest with 28 percent of the population using DSHS services and Mercer Island was lowest with just under 3 percent of the population using these services. Federal Way ranked 6th in the state of Residential Habilitation Centers (Division of Developmental Disabilities). Federal Way also ranked higher in its overall average in Refugee Grants (16th), Refugee Self-sufficiency Services (20th) and Refugee Unaccompanied Minors-Foster Care (3rd).19 Current data on benefit levels and number of recipients are reported on a monthly basis. The chart on the following page displays that information for May 1999 for CSO 45, which serves Federal Way. 18 Claritas Inc. Trendline data presented in United Way of King County, Health and Human Services Community Assessment, King County and Planning Areas, draft June 1999. 19 Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Budget Division, Office of Research and Data Analysis, DSHS City Data Report, Fiscal Year 1994: Guide to Client Services and Expenditures. II -9 Numþer of Cases and Amount per Case CSHS-Provided Benefits, May 1999 Program Average federal 551, aged State SSI supplement, aged Average federal SSI, blind State SSI supplement, blind Average federal 551, disabled State SSI supplement, disabled TANF* (980 adults; 1,955 kids) Consolidated Emergency Aslsistance Diversion Care Assistance I General Assistance-Unemployed (GA-U) General Assistance to Pregnant Women (GS-P) Alcoholism & Drug Addiction Treatment & Support Act (ADA TSA)** . Refugee Assistance Division of Income Assistance Child Care I * Includes GA for pregnant women as of 5/1/99. ** Beginning 7/97, ADATSA grant amount does not include living stipend which is paid by county from state block grant. The maximum amoun~ is $339 per month. Source: Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Research and Data Analysis, Income Assistance, Social Service$, and Medical Assistance, May 1999. Number of Cases 8 Average Amount per Case $408.75 $40.09 $352.32 $40.28 $298.22 $32.41 $308.83 $136.57 $393.18 $308.82 $342.17 $35.88 73 764 933 4 6 136 13 7 28 1 , 129 kids $285.03 $322/kid Looking just at TANF recipients in Federal Way in May 1999 (CSO 45), there were 933 cases, which actually coverep 2863 recipients, including 908 adults and 1,955 children. This was a 5 percent reducti9n from levels in February of 1999. Making Ends Meet Virtually all providers of emergency supports and basic needs in Federal Way report increased pressure on their services due to a combination of low wages for unskilled or semi-skilled work and the effects of welfare reform in moving recipients into "first available" jobs. Not only are 'he number of persons seeking help growing, the frequency of their visits and the need at each individual visit is increasing. . The South King County Multi-5ervice Center reports that in 1999, they will provide 13,184 food bank visits - up nearly 6 percent from 1997 level of 12,454 visits. . The Salvation Army Emergency Voucher program served 250 families in 1998, compared to 164 in 1997.- an increase of 52 percent. . The South King County Multi-Service Center shelter program served 396 families in 1998, an increase of 17 percent over the 338 families they served in 1997. Health Care For many low-income families, health care is delayed to the point of crisis due to cost. The Seattle-King County Department of Public Health found in 1998 that while about 10 percent of all County residents lacked health insurance, nearly 25 percent of those with the lowest income lacked coverage. II -10 This situation is also reflected in data of the Community Health Center of King County (CHCKC). In 1998, CHCKC provided medical care to a total of 2,011 Federal Way residents, and dental care to 1,084 Federal Way residents. For both medical and dental consumers, about 2/3 had incomes below the federal poverty line - and the balance on the whole were classified as very low income. Among those receiving medical care, 37 percent - or 754 - lacked any health coverage. Among dental care users, 43 percent lacked any coverage. CHCKC staff note that among dental care users, there is a large demand for dental care for uninsured adults, especially those needing care for conditions that can be associated with delayed care - root canals and gum disease. Elderly and Poverty Another area which deserves careful attention is the possibility of growing need among the elderly. According to data from the Labor Department and others, 6 in 1O workers in the private sector nationwide have no pension upon retirement. Social Security covers only about two-thirds of the needs of the middle class elderly. People are living longer- a white male can expect to live to age 84. One out of 6 elderly fall below poverty level of $7,300 annual income. More elderly people are going back to work, usually in low-wage jobs, especially where unemployment rates are low and younger people are passing up the jobs. In 1985, 10.4 percent of people 65 and older had jobs, which was a change from a steady decline in earlier years. By January 1997, 12.3 percent of people over 65 had jobs.2O Secondary Impacts of Poverty Providers note a number of secondary impacts of poverty. These are the ways in which poverty limits access to basic community services for poor families and individuals. Primary impacts are: lack of access to transportation, increased time required to obtain services that are spread out through the community, and lack of positive youth development and recreation services for children of low-income families. Special Needs of Refugee and Immigrant Residents The impact of language and cultural differences for immigrants and refugees, even those who may have been in the country for a number of years, is of significant concern for providers working with these populations. The need for English as a Second Language (ESL) training is great, and providers are exploring alternative methods for delivering this training - including partnerships with business in which classes are provided at job sites, allowing employees to build skills which are valuable to their employers. The need for ESL services that are integrated with social settings and provide socialization opportunities for elderly persons and for women who do not work outside the home was specifically noted by Ukrainian immigrants who participated in a focus group exploring their human services needs. 20 Daily Journal of Commerce, 4/1/97, "Old and on the job: Growing numbers of elderly find they must abandon retirement for more years of work". 11-11 A number of the recent immigrant and refugee groups - including those from Africa, the Middle East and Asia - have cultural expectations of living in extended family groups. The structure of the housingl market in Federal Way (as in other communities), which has predominantly provided 'singte family homes, often makes finding housing difficult for these extended families. Fintling housing becomes a significant concern, and the effect of splitting family units into different housing units can be detrimental. I Finally, services that support refugee and immigrant families through the acculturation process are important. They should provide opportunities for reinforcing cultural traditions with youth to redu<:;e inter-generational conflict and family distress related to the immigration and accultu~ation process. I Household Composition I Analysis of types and numbers of households gives an idea of potential demands for services, including housing requirements, that may differ by household size, composition and income. According to the 1990 census, there were 25,758 households living in Federal Way. In addition to households, sdme of which consisted of just one person, there were 461 people living in group quarters, including nursing homes. Almost three-quarters (382) of the people living in group quarters were people 65 and older living in nursing homes. The average household sizelin Federal Way in 1990 was 2.6, which was high compared to King County and the State during the same period. The decreasing size of households is consistent witt1l national trends. Among contributing factors during recent decades are smaller families and more divorces and separations than in decades past. In 1990 in Federal Way, there were 1,699 single women and 791 single male householders with children. Single-parent households may have reduced incomes and increased reliance on community services. Regardless of the income range, access to child care and activities for children present an increased challenge for single parents. Average Household Size Location 1980 1990 Federal Way 2.6 King County 2.5 2.4 Washington State 2.6 2.5 Sources: City of Federal Way, Community Profile, February 1993 and OFM, Forecasting Division, Population Estimates, October 1998, Of the people 65 and older in Federal Way in 1990, 24 percent were living alone. Sixty- five percent were householders living with a spouse or other family members. Delivery of services to the elderly is an important component of human services, especially to frail elderly who need assistance with meals, transportation to appointments, planned activities to break isolation, and help with housing maintenance to enable them to live in the community as long as they are able. II -12 Implications for Federal Way Human Services Both in this section and in the report of Federal Way's population demographics, it is clear that several forces are creating increased pressure on local providers of emergency support and basic needs services. . The population is growing in absolute numbers. However funding from federal, state and local sources, as well as private organizations and donations, has not increased in line with that population growth. . There is growth in the population of dependent children and frail elders. The needs of both these populations are exacerbated by increased dissolution of families and economic pressures on adults to work outside the home. . Increased diversity in the population is requiring service providers to deliver services that are culturally and linguistically accessible. This increases demands on providers for translation services. In order to provide services that are culturally appropriate - a more complex task than simply translating - agencies must sometimes offer multiple programs targeted to different ethnic or cultural groups. In turn this increases costs. . Rapid changes in the economy are leaving some behind. People with limited education and literacy, or few job skills, face increased hurdles as they try to participate in a highly technical economy. As a result, they live closer and closer to the economic edge. Even small set-backs can precipitate real family crisis. In light of these trends, providers of emergency assistance and basic needs - and the City as one of their funders - can expect continued and increased demand for services. It will be increasingly important to link emergency assistance with case management or family support programs, in order to provide clients with a pathway out of poverty and into stability. 11-13 COUNCIL GOAL #2: SAFE! COMMUNITIES In articulating its vision for a 'safe Federal Way community, the City Council recognized that building this safety would involve programs at both ends of a continuum. Creating safety means both preventi~g violence and delinquency before it starts, and responding to those who have been victimized and traumatized to help them set their lives back in order. EDUCA TION In Washington State, 16 percent of adults 25 and older did not have a high school diploma or GED certificate in 1990. More adults in King County had graduated or had a GED at the same period-only 12 percent did not.21 In Federal Way, the percentage was lower still. Only 11 percent of adults 25 and older did not have a high school diploma or aGED. Sixty-five percent of adults ofo'er 25 in Federal Way had some college at the time of the 1990 census. Twenty percent had a bachelor's degree and another 7 percent had a graduate or professional degree. Despite these relatively high levels of education in King County and in Federal Way locally, some residents lack ~he educational background to live effectively in increasingly complex communities. The South King County Multi-Service Center reports that in their literacy program an increasing number of those referred to their General Educational Development (GED) program have reading levels too low (below 6th grade level) to enter directly into their program. A number of service providers noted during a focus group that services to assess adults for learning disabilities and provide appropriate treatment and learning opportunities are limited. This reduces the ability of these adults to overcome their educational deficits. , More current graduation rates are available from the Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction. For the school year 1996-1997, the graduation rate in the State was 83.14 percent and that for dropouts was 4.16 percent. King County had both a lower graduation rate (78.80 percellt) and a lower drop out rate (3.39 percent). Federal Way mirrored the State with 83.05 percent of students graduatin~ during the 1996-1997 school year and 4.37 percent of the students dropping out.2 Overall, schools in the Federal Way School District saw 3 percent more students in 1998 than in 1996. Elementary sc~ool enrollment rose 4 percent between 1996 and 1998; junior high and high school enrollment each rose 2 percent over the same three year period. There were 842 students enrplled in English-as-a-Second-Language programs (ESL). The highest percentage (9 percent) was in elementary schools. Junior high schools and high schools averaged 4 pererent ESL enrollment. Presumably more youngsters in early 21 DSHS, Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse, Research and Data Analysis, Profile on Risk and Protection for Substance Abuse Prevention Planning in Washington State, May 1997. 22 Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, "School Year 1996-1997, Dropout Rates and Graduation Statistics" II -14 grades need assistance with English, especially if a language other than English is spoken in the homes. It is also possible, however, that students in later grades who have not mastered English enough to be comfortable in a classroom drop out of school at an earlier age. A high percentage of students in several elementary students were eligible to receive free and reduced priced lunches. Two-thirds of students at Olympic View, 63 percent at both Mark Twain and Wildwood, and 47 percent of students at Lake Grove were eligible for free and reduced priced lunches. Rates of participation in the free and reduced-cost lunch programs drop in secondary schools. This is consistent with patterns statewide. It may reflect higher drop-out rates among students with very low incomes. It may also reflect teen-agers' reluctance to be identified as low income by participating in the program. A number of programs are offered in the Federal Way School District to support students who experience challenges to learning. Tutoring and after-school homework centers, before and after-school child care services, peer leadership and youth violence and substance abuse prevention programs, and mentoring programs are all in place through the District's schools and their partnerships with community based agencies. Federal Way School District discipline data are district-wide only, so discipline figures include some schools in Kent and Auburn. During the 1997/1998 school year, there were 955 students suspended (7 percent of the student body), 72 percent male and 28 percent female. During the same school year, there were 116 students expelled (less than 1 percent of student body), 78 percent male and 22 percent female. JUVENILE CRIME Measures of juvenile delinquency are imperfect. By the time a child enters the juvenile justice system, he or she has likely experienced a series of problems-perhaps drug and alcohol abuse or school truancy. One measure is the number of juveniles at the point of first or second arrest for misdemeanors who appear before the Diversion Committee in each region. The Diversion committee in Federal Way was established in 1974. In 1998,243 cases were referred to the Conference Committee in Federal Way. Approximately 2/3 of the referrals involved young men, and nearly a quarter involved youth under the age of 14. This makeup is consistent with state and national data on youth delinquency - especially the inclusion of a significant number of youth under the age of 14. While overall delinquency rates are falling, violent crime arrest rates of youth increased much more sharply than arrest of adults for the same offenses during the decade between 1983 and 199423. Seventy-one percent of the cases involved theft or possession of stolen property. Thirteen percent involved assault or weapons. The balance involved primarily malicious mischief and criminal trespass. Again, these data are consistent with state and national trends in juvenile delinquency. 23 Trends in At-Risk Behaviors of Youth In Washington, Washington State Institute for Public Policy, January, 1996. 11-15 ADULT CRIME IN FEDERAL WAY Both violent and property crimes have been falling in recent years. So have reported rates of victimization. Even :though rates of victimization have been falling, rates are higher than reported crimes. The rate of reported part 1, or index, crimes in the population in Federal Way in 1997 was 69.8-that is, for every 1 ,000 people in the population, there were 69.8 part 1 crimes. This mirrored the rate in King County as a whole (67.6), but was higher than the state (54.8). The rate has remained fairly level since 1992, with the exception of a slight peak in 1995.24 In general, the index crime rate in South King County is quite a bit higher than in other locations. Within South King County, however, Federal Way had an overall rate below several reporting jurisdiction~. Of the total violent index crimes in the state, aggravated assault was by far the most frequent, comprising 60 perqent of the total. In 1997 in Federal Way, there were 323 violent part 1 crimes-128 aggravated assault (40 percent of the total), 154 robberies (48 percent of the total), 39 florcible rapes, and 2 murders. Simple assaults are not included in the crime index. These are attacks without weapon and without serious bodily harm. (Aggravated assaults often involve a weapon and are committed with the intent to inflict serious bodily harm.) Statewide, there were almost 3 times (2.8) as many simple assaults as other violent crimes. Mandatory arrests for domestic violence accounts for a substantial portion of simple assaults. The trend in most crimes in Washington is declining. Violent crimes are declining nationally and in the state. Most property crimes are also declining or steady. However, there were 62 percent more motor vehicle thefts reported in 1997 (31,563 stolen in the state) than in 1988 (19,506 stolen), making motor vehicle theft the primary exception to otherwise declining or steady rates. Domestic Violence In 1998, 908 incidents of domestic violence related incidents were reported to police in Federal Way. Fifty-nine percent of these incidents involved simple misdemeanor assault. Thirty percent of aggravated !assaults reported in 1997 were related to domestic violence in Federal Way. The relationship of both simple misdemeanor and aggravated assaults to domestic violence in Federal Way is consistent with both county and state data. Violence in the home is frequently not reported to the police. Another way to try to capture the extent of violence is by looking at data compiled by community-based non- profit agencies dealing with victims of violence. There, too, only a portion of victims seek assistance. A third of reported clients were from the south urban region and another 31 percent were from Seattle. Federal Way accounted for 4 percent of the total clients included in this 24 Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs, Uniform Crime Reporting Section, Crime in Washington. 11-16 report and 11 percent of the clients from South King County. A total of 73 clients were served from Federal Way in 1998. In general, service statistics from domestic violence shelters showed that the bulk of those served came from communities in which the shelters were located. No domestic violence shelters are located in Federal Way. Number of Domestic Violence-Related Offenses Federal Way, 1997 and 1998 Type of Offense 1997 1998 Simple assault 687 532 Aggravated assault 39 47 Violation of orders 203 317 Other part 1 crimes 5 12 Total 934 908 Sources: Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs, Crime in Washington and Federal Way Police Department. A minority of clients reported having disabilities, including mental illness, chemical dependency and physical disabilities. Approximately 10 percent needed language interpreters. Accommodation of these needs in congregate living shelter facilities is challenging, and as a result, women with special needs may face additional barriers when they try to leave abusive relationships. Virtually all women using shelter services had very limited incomes. Forty-six percent had less than $500/month in income, seventy three percent had incomes below $1,000/month, and a total of 87 percent had incomes below $1 ,500/month. At these levels, managing to find housing and support themselves and their children, presents real challenges. Two-thirds of women seeking shelter had minor children in their custody. Child Abuse Among juvenile murder victims in the State, 55 percent of the 40 victims reported in 1997 were the result of child abuse. This statistic varies substantially year to year because the numbers of murder victims are small. Looking at data over a longer period of time, 143 of the 361 juvenile victims (or 40 percent) were victims of child abuse.25 Accepted Child Abuse and Neglect Referrals, Federal Way Period Jan - July 1999 (6 months only) Jan - Dee 1998 Jan - Dee 1997 Jan - Dee 1996 Jan - Dee 1995 Source: CPS. King South. Referrals 338 681 861 690 719 25 Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs, Uniform Crime Reporting Section, Crime in Washington. 11-17 The table above shows accepted referrals (not informational referrals) to the Child Protective Service office in Federal Way. This includes some referrals from Kent and Auburn because of overlapping boundaries, but the referrals are primarily Federal Way residents. Separate data onl neglect and abuse were not available, but neglect is often present when there is abuse:, according to CPS staff. Sexual Assault There were 177 victims of sexual assault in Federal Way in 1998. Cases of sexual assault appear to have growh gradually over the past five years, however the numbers involved are too small to allow trend conclusions. Over one-third (37 percent) of these victims were children. Another 27 percent were teens. Federal Way Clients of King County Sexual Assault Resource Center Type df Assault and Age of Client by Year* Type of Assault Rape/attempted rape Rape of child . Incest Child molestation Other/no data Age of Clients Children 50 75 65 73 65 Teens 19 22 21 40 47 Adults 61 63 71 74 60 Unknown 3 1 9 5 Total Number of Clients 130 163 158 196 177 *Totals for each year include new and continuing clients. As an example of the caseload, in 1998 about 20 percent of clients were existing and 80 percent were new. Source: King County Sexual Assa~lt Resource Center. 1994 36 12 18 26 38 1995 36 33 11 26 57 Year 1996 45 25 12 31 45 1997 46 33 16 46 55 1998 42 38 17 27 53 These cases involving children and youth are complex - they often involve a variety of systems who have responsibility for the child victims: Child Protective Services, the school system, family court. Iin addition, the issues raised by the assaults are complex- dissolution of marriages, relationships with parents, impact of the assault on siblings. I The King County Sexual Assault Resource Center (KSCARC) reports that since the Regional Justice Center has opened in Kent, they have experienced an increase in demand for legal advocacy services to support victims of sexual assault. They report that between 50 and 70 percent of sexual assaults in King County are charged in South King County. As victims of these crimes have had easier access to services at the Kent Regional Justice Center, they have demanded increased legal advocacy to pursue their cases in court. ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUG ABUSE Information on alcohol and other drug abuse is most readily available for low income persons and to a lesser extent for youth because data is collected by King County for those treated with public funds. 11-18 An estimated 20 percent of men and 7 percent of women living at or below 200 percent of poverty in King County were assessed in 1994 as needing treatment. Those between the ages of 18 and 29 were most frequently assessed as needing treatment - 25 percent of men and 11 percent of women in this age group needed treatment. Need for treatment also varied by ethnicity. Nearly a third - 32 percent - of White men under the age of 40 needed treatment, as did 28 percent of American Indian/Alaska Native men. Rates for African Americans, Hispanics and Asians were considerably lower. However, only 21 percent of low income persons in need of treatment were able to obtain it in the same year. The proportion of the population that can be served in public treatment facilities in King County is lower than the proportion in 29 of the other 38 counties in the state.26 Even pregnant and parenting women - whose substance use can directly and permanently affect their children's health and risk of chemical dependency - encounter barriers to treatment. In 1995, only 40 percent of the number assessed as needing treatment could be served in King County. Of particular concern to providers of chemical dependency treatment services is the gap in services for the working poor. Eligibility for publicly funded services is primarily based on having a substance abuse problem that prevents participation in paid employment. Private insurance that includes chemical dependency treatment coverage is available to a minority of employees. For many persons in low wage positions, treatment costs present an insurmountable barrier to overcoming their addiction. Implications for Federal Way Human Services While crime rates are falling both nationally and locally, some trends affecting public safety are troubling. . Despite declining rates in recent years, the level of juvenile crime is high when compared with rates in the 1960s and 1970s. . Despite years of publicity, outreach and community education, neither domestic violence nor sexual assault incidence has shown depreciable decline. . There is a growing body of evidence that youth who are exposed to violence, drug and alcohol abuse, and in particular to family violence are at heightened risk for involvement in violence. Given these conditions, investment in strategies that prevent juvenile delinquency is likely to be cost effective in the long run. However it is important to bear in mind that there is no single "fix" for youth risk of harm and delinquency. For youth at low risk, provision of basic youth development activities provide an effective antidote to the likelihood of associating with peers who get into trouble. For youth at the far end of the spectrum - those most troubled - intensive family therapy, life skills training, and individualized mental health and substance abuse treatment may be required. 26 1998 Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Services Needs Assessment, King County Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Services, December, 1998. 11-19 In order to identify the optimal strategies for prevention of delinquency and early substance abuse, collaboration between schools, community based agencies, police, the courts and youth themselves is necessary. In one such partnership, in 1999 the City of Federal Way has been w~rking with police, the Federal Way School District and community based agencies to develop the Safe Schools/Safe Communities Project which is seeking solutions to youth violence and ways to promote positive youth development. This partnership can identify existing resources, gaps in service to youth at risk, and the most promising approaches for the local community. Response to victims of crime - especially domestic violence and sexual assault - will also benefit from a continuum approach that encompasses community education, prevention strategies, intervention to hold offenders accountable, and aftercare to support victims in recoverin~ from trauma. 11-20 COUNCIL GOAL #3: SELF-SUFFICIENCY When the Council set its third goal to "supplement federal, state and county programs designed to increase self-sufficiency and independence", welfare reform was just coming over the horizon. At this juncture in 1999, a great deal more is known about the challenges of encouraging self-sufficiency. Welfare Reform Due to welfare reform, there was a drop in total benefit recipients between April of 1996 and January of 1999. King County reduced AFDCITANF recipients by 28 percent during that period. The drop in recipients in South King County was not as dramatic-18 percent fewer clients, or 4,332 people eliminated from the caseload.27 TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) replaces AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) and requires job search and employment for most. It also imposes a lifetime maximum on receipt of welfare assistance. WorkFirst is the program implemented in Washington requiring clients to work, if at all possible, with supplemental job training available after employment. Exemptions for new mothers (up to 3 months) and others with disabilities, including the need for drug or alcohol treatment, soften the work requirement somewhat.28 Food stamp reduction is also apparent in King County, according to the United Way report. The number of recipients dropped by 11,029 in South King County, from 39,390 in February 1998 to 28,361 in February 1999-a reduction of 28 percent. In part, this is a function of changes in eligibility. Decreases in food stamp receipt, however, may also result from families who lose eligibility for TANF not realizing that they maintain eligibility for food stamps at some income levels. The same problem plagues the Medicaid program, where the state is reporting under-enrollment of eligible children due to loss of contact with families who have terminated TANF income assistance participation without enrolling in continuing benefits available to them. WorkFirst The Washington State Institute for Public Policy is evaluating WorkFirst in Washington. Preliminary findings indicate that caseloads are reduced and more people are working under the program. Earnings are also higher, although modest, at $639 per quarter above the level that families would have received through benefits alone. Average quarterly earnings for WorkFirst participants were $3,010 (or roughly $1,003 per month) for the Federal Way CSO (Community Service Office). At this level of earnings, families are typically still at very low income levels - below 30 percent of median income. Subsequent studies will provide better data for evaluating the success of the program. 27 United Way of King County, Health and Human Services Community Assessment, King County and Planning Areas, draft June 1999. 28 Washington Institute for Public Policy, WorkFirst Job Search Services: Preliminary Analysis, June 1999. II -21 Possible Unintended Effects of Welfare Reform I A recent study in the state of Washington looks at homeless families, including those those who are living tempor~rily with friends or family and those in temporary shelters or on the streets. While there ~re many data limitations, there are some indications of unintended effects of welfare reform. About 70 percent of the nevJly homeless families in the state (during the year) were receiving TANF. About 20 percent were receiving medical assistance, and about 7 percent were receiving food stamps. Fifty-two percent were enrolled in welfare offices in Puget Sound area. There Were 89 newly recorded homeless welfare families-a total of 229 persons-in the Federal Way CSO between June 1997 and May 1998. In King County, there were 1254 families new homeless families, or a total of 3,405 persons.29 Also pointing to increased distress, between 1996 and 1997 there was a 29percent increase in homeless callers to the Crisis Clinic Community Information Line. Thirty-nine percent of the calls were from South King County and 51 percent were from Seattle.3D Living Wage Susannah lives with her two children, Josh (age 4) and Katie (age 2), in a two bedroom apartment in Federal Way. For now, Susannah can manage with two bedrooms. Josh and Katie each have their own rooms. Susannah sleeps on a fold-out couch in the (iving room. As Josh matures, however, Susannah feels these arrangements will be inappropriate, and she hopes by then to have gained a promotion at work and enough extra income to afford a three-bedroom apartment or small hOuse. Susannah went back to work this year after she and her husband divorced. She earns $9. 75/hour as ø supply clerk at a light manufacturing company in Auburn. Her health insurance I is provided by her employer, and because her employer has a union shop, coverage for the children is included. Her husband was ordered to pay child support, but he moved out of state shortly after the divorce and neither Susannah nor the state's Office of Child Support Enforcement has been unable to locate him. In the meantime, Susannah is making do by living simply and receiving occasional help from her parents. Last week, Susannah's car broke down. Fortunately, her brother was able to come by and fix it, but he tells her that it is unlikely to last another year. She uses her car to get to work, take the children to day care, take care of shopping and medical appointments, visit the food bank twice a month, and get to class one night a week. Susannah is concerned that her whole fragile plan for day to day living and pulling herself out of poverty is under imminent threat. The minimum wage is $5. 70an hour, which is considerably below the amount needed to live.31 In contrast, a living wage is one that provides for housing, food, childcare, 29 Aaron Lowin, Washington DSHS¡ Research and Data Analysis, Homeless Families with Children Receiving Welfare Assistance in Wßshington State, August 1998. 30 King County Community Services Division, Federal Homelessness Funding in King County - The Challenges Ahead, February 1998. 31 Seattle PI, "Many Northwestjobsl pay less than a living wage", January 7,1999, pB1-2. II -22 transportation, health care, clothing, taxes and modest savings to cover emergencies. They are not poverty wages.32 For a single person in Washington state, the living wage in 1996 was $10.25 per hour. The living wage in King County is slightly higher than the living wage in Washington State as a whole. For a single person, the living wage would be $10.43 per hour, or $21,322 a year. For the single parent with 2 children shown in the example, the living wage in 1996 dollars would be $17.59 an hour, or $35,874 a year. The minimum wage in Washington is just 50 percent of the living wage for a single adult and 30 percent of the living wage for a singe adult with 2 children. Over one-third of jobs in the economy pay less than the living wage for a single adult and nearly three-quarters (73 percent) pay less than the living wage for a single adult with 2 children. Washington Family Budgets (in 1996 Dollars) Single parent with 2 children 331 615 364 132 602 312 195 372 2,923 35,079 $16.86 Budget Item Single person Food 141 Housing & utilities 488 Transportation 372 Health care 64 Child care 0 Household, clothing, personal 230 Savings 144 Taxes 338 Gross monthly income needed 1,777 Gross annual income needed 21,322 Living wage (at 2080 hrs/yr) $10.25 Source: Northwest Policy Center and Northwest Federation of Community Organizations, Northwest Job Gap Study: Searching for Work That Pays, January 1999. Job openings (as distinct from jobs) are even less promising-41 percent are under the living wage for a single person, and 72 percent are under the living wage for a single adult with 2 children. There are more people looking for work than there are job openings. At a minimum, there are 3 people looking for every job. For positions offered at $10.25 per hour, there are 5 people out looking for every job. At the higher end of the scale, the living wage of $16.86 for a single person with 2 children, there are 12 people looking for every job offered. Child Care Child care is critically needed by working parents. Childcare, including weekend, evening, summer and special needs child care, was cited as a priority need by human service providers in a Federal Way focus group. Not all can find, or afford, this resource. A 1999 study of child care by the South King County Community Network identified that an estimated 15,000 children in South King 32 Northwest Policy center and Northwest Federation of Community Organizations. Northwest Job Gap Study: Searching for Work That Pays, January 1999. II -23 County lack access to needed child care. For families that can locate child care, cost can create a barrier to enrollme'1t - weekly costs in South King County average $132 for infant care to $104 for full-tirine pre-school care. As WorkFirst is implemented, moving TANF recipients into the workforce, the pressure on child care resources is increased. The Department of Social and Health Services projected in 1997 that the c~seload of children requiring child care subsidies would increase by 40 percent between 1997 and 1999. Even with subsidies, however, not all childcare is accessible - over a quarter of child care providers charge more than the state subsidy rate, and with slots at a premium, there is little incentive for them to accept the subsidized rates. Child Care Resources is a Rrivate non-profit childcare information and referral agencies serving residents throughou~ King County. In 1998, they reported serving 1800 callers from Federal Way. They reported that low-income callers increased from 65 percent to 70 percent of callers from 1 ~96 to 1997, and that they anticipated this trend to continue as WorkFirst increased its implementation. For parents who must work pn weekends or evenings - an increasing demand on those in retail and service industries - child care can become a crisis. Across Washington State, only 1 percent of child care centers and 4 percent of family home providers offer weekend care, and only 9 percent of child care center and 10 percent of family home providers offer care evenings and nights. Sick child care and care for children with disabilities is rare, and in most cases expensive33. Implications for Federal Way human services For poor families - including those who are employed - pressure is coming from two directions - an economy that increasingly offers little security or mobility for those with limited education and technical skills, and government policies that stress immediate employment over investment in training and education. As public and private agencies - and community members - seek ways to support families becoming more self..sufficient, they will all have to grapple with dilemmas. How much preparation for the joti market is enough? What resources will the community commit to help families manage their responsibilities - including child care, elder care and other needs? What supþort is appropriate for those with long-term barriers to self sufficiency, such as mental ¡Illness, physical disabilities, limited English-speaking capacity, or caretaking respbnsibilities among others? As programs which have historically been considered entitlements are redefined as short-term benefits at the federal and state level, local government and private charities - including churches and community associations - will need to re-examine their role in supporting families and individuals in their midst. 33 Child Care Policy InitiatIve Final Report, South King County Community NetworK, June 1999. 11-24 COUNCIL GOAL #4: COLLABORATION FOR STRONG NEIGHBORHOODS In its fourth and final human services goal, the City Council identified its concern for building a strong and cohesive community even as Federal Way continues to experience rapid growth. In particular, the Council sought to prioritize the involvement of all members of the community - from diverse socio-economic backgrounds - in building community. HOUSING Housing has enormous impact on individuals and families living in the community. Housing and neighborhoods also create the fabric of the community itself, defining its character and in large part determining quality of life for its residents. Housing is generally the single largest component of a family's budget. Increasing housing and utility costs are a burden to many, especially to low income families, in many cases consuming well over half of a family's monthly budget. Federal Way offers a relatively high proportion of affordable housing choices for families - which accounts for some of the City's significant growth in the past 10 years. Number and Type of Units At the 1990 census there were 28,035 housing units in Federal Way. Over half the housing was single family and 5 percent of the housing was mobile homes. The number of housing units jumped 15 percent by 1998, to 32,149 units34. The majority were still single family units, but multi-family housing grew by 20 percent during that period. Housing Tenure Over half (57 percent) of the housing was owner-occupied as of the 1990 census. This varied considerably, however, by type of unit. Most (87 percent) of single family detached units were owner-occupied and 61 percent of single family attached units were owner-occupied. Conversely, only 7 percent of multi-family units were owner-occupied. Mobile homes offer an affordable ownership option. In 1990, 95 percent of mobile homes were owner-occupied. In 1999, a total of 1,051 mobile homes were occupied in seven mobile home parks in Federal Way. Mobile home parks are frequently subject to redevelopment pressure as the land is converted to higher value use, whether residential or non-residential. Housing Costs At the 1990 census, the median house value in Federal Way was $118,800 and the median rental value was $476.35 Prices continue to escalate. According to data prepared by Coldwell Banker Bain from figures supplied by the Northwest Multiple Listing Service, the average housing price in Central Federal Way, 34 OFM, Forecasting Division, Population Estimates, October, 1998 35 King County Office of Budget and Strategic Planning, 1998 King County Annual Growth Report. 11-25 Twin Lakes, and Dash Point rose 1.9 percent between 1998 and 1999 (comparing the first 6 months of each year).' In 1998 the average purchase price was $182,695 and in 1999 that had risen to $186,1188. These increases were modest compared to other regions in South King Countr. The average increase in South King County was 7.8 percent. 36 The rents in Federal Way are also on the rise. In the one year period between 1997 and fall of 1998, rents rose between 5and 6 percent for 1, 2, and 3 bedroom units. Rents rose 8 percent (for studios), þerhaps because the demand for these smaller, more affordable units is greater. Rents in Federal Way Type of Unit Fall 1997 Spring 1998 Fall 1998 Studio $432 $457 $468 1 Bedroom $510 $524 $539 2 Bedroom/1 Bath $576 $590 $608 2 Bedroom/2 Bath $679 $682 $715 3 Bedroom/2Bath $841 $827 $886 Source: Dupre & sdott, Fal/1997 Rents, Spring 1998 Rents, Rents & Vacancies (FaI/199B) Housing Affordability According to the HUD definition, housing is affordable when it costs no more than 30 percent of gross income for the cost of housing, including utilities.37 The higher the household income, the widen the range of affordable housing by this definition. Households at the highest ernd of the income scale have least difficulty finding affordable housing. At the other end of the income scale, households have much more difficulty finding housing affordable to them. In fact the problem of finding affordable housing is pronounced in King County. Throughout King County there is almost no non-subsidized market rate housing affordable to a full-time minimum wage worker, earning less than $10,000 a year. A monthly rent of $200 is the maximum affordable to such a worker. King County has almost zero rentals under $400 a month, and even fewer under $250 a month. . .. Less than 1 $% of housing sales were affordable to moderate income households earning less than 80% of median income. 38 The next table shows wages for several job classifications and relates that to ability to pay for housing. These are based on the 1994 Area Wage Survey for King and Snohomish Counties, conducted by the Washington State Employment Security. A single mother with 2 children working as a sales clerk, for example, with an annual 36 Seattle Times, "The price trends continue: double digit gains in some neighborhoods", August 22, 1999, ~F1. F4. 7 King County Consortium, Consolidated Housing and Community Development Plan for 2000-2003, draft July 1999. 38 King County Housing and CommlUnity Development Program, King County Market Rate Housing Affordability Study, 1998. 11.;26 income of $14,864 would be classified as very low income, or nearly so. She could afford only $371 per month for rent or mortgage payment. Yet the median rent in Federal Way at the 1990 census was $476. By 1998, an average studio apartment cost $468 a month. Both the cost of housing and adequacy, in terms of unit size and condition, are factors in determining suitability of the range of housing to meet varying demands of the community. Affordable Housing for Retail and Service Employees Average Average Annual Rent plus Mortgage Home Job hourly pay hours/week income utilities payment price Waiter $4.97 28 $7,236 $181 $181 $20,275 Cashier $6.56 33 $11,257 $281 $281 $34,200 Sales clerk $7.94 36 $14,864 $371 $371 $42,491 Truck driver $9.19 40 $19,115 $478 $478 $54,817 Source: Washington State Employment Security, 1994 Area Wage Survey for King & Snohomish Counties, December 1994 as shown in the City of Federal Way, Comprehensive Plan, November 1995. South King County contains more affordable housing rental and ownership opportunities than other regions.39 An affordable rental opportunity includes rents affordable to households earning under 50 percent of median income. An affordable ownership opportunity includes prices affordable to households earning under 80 percent of median income. Federal Way was 6th behind Auburn, SeaTac, Tukwila, Algona, and Pacific in the percentage of housing units that are affordable. Sixty percent of rental units in 1998/1999 were affordable at 50 percent of median income, and 31 percent of single families and condos were affordable under 80 percent of median income. Overall 44 percent of properties were affordable opportunities. In numbers, 13,986 rental or ownership units out of 31,599 total units were affordable opportunities. Assisted Housing Several programs exist to assist individuals with housing costs or to help them with maintenance of existing housing. Subsidies to housing come in several forms from reduced cost units for rent, vouchers or certificates to assist with tenant-located housing, grants to help with down payments, reduced interest rate loans, and cash supplements for utilities or home maintenance, to name some of the most common. Several programs funded by the City of Federal Way for homeownership and home repair support for low income residents are detailed in Section III of this report. Households with vouchers or certificates are able to secure housing in the location of their choice. Within King County (outside of Seattle), almost 80 percent of section 8 certificates are used in South King County where housing is more affordable. Federal Way accounts for 16 percent of the total of the section 8 certificates administered by the King County Housing Authority.4O 39 Metropolitan King County Countywide Planning Policies Benchmark Program, 1999 King County Benchmarl< Repott. 40 King County Consortium, Consolidated Housing and Community Development Plan, draft July 1999. II -27 Implications for human services in Federal Way Housing is an important element of neighborhood development. Housing literally sets the stage for neighborhood buil<:ling - providing porches on which people can gather, or gated facades that keep people away from the front door. The mix of housing available in neighborhoods - in cost, style and size - shapes the mix of residents. Young families with growing children need lots of bedrooms and adequate yards or parks. Elderly residents may require housing with special accommodations, and may prefer smaller units with less maintenance. Because housing provides the framework for neighborhood development, coordination between housing and neighborhood interests and between human service providers and consumers is critically important. At the same time, housing alone does not form a neighborhood. Public spaces, access to libraries and schools, recreational amenities and functional businesses all support residents in building connected, cohesive communities. The City's Neighborhood Development Program is working with residents in several of the City's neighborhoods to increase resident input into planning and development of community amenities and connections. Thoughtful planning, open public process, and careful attention to citizen involvement in planning for housing, services and economic development will all support the City Council's goal of building cohesive, supportive neighborhoods. CONCLUSION The City of Federal Way has substantial resources that are attractive to families seeking a home: a central location Or'l the 1-5 corridor, a stock of affordable housing, and a low crime rate compared to other South King County communities. The City of Federal Way is home to a diverse population, including low income households and a growing set of immigrant and refugee communities. The services and supports available both directly within the City and regionally to support these families - as well as middle-class families facing challenges - are outlined in Section III of this report. The capacity of human service systems to effectively meet the needs of the City's residents is also discussed. II -28 SECTI ON City of Federal Way Hu~an Services Comprehensive Plan / 1996 t/r13'I/Ja/ ¡J /a IJ If? ç, CO MMUNITY PROFILE city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan COMMUNITY PROFILE This section of the Human Services Plan will examine the priority needs of low income residents in Federal Way. The examination will begin with a hypothetical low income family in typical circumstances and through the description of their challenges, obtain a sense of issues of great concern for low income citizens in Federal Way. A. Case Study Irene is a single parent working at the average wage as a sales clerk: $7.12 per hour. She has two children: eleven year old Marcus and three year old Betty. Irene is fortunate to work forty hours per week, since many of her co-workers have only part time jobs. Irene lives in a two bedroom apartment in Federal Way. The following lists the family's basic survival expenses: Wage $7.12 x 40 hourslwk Est. of Federal Income Tax Social Security Tax Net income $1,234 -$114 - $94 $1,026 Average Rent (2 bed II bath) Basic household bills ($60 for utilities, $30 for phone) -$541 -$90 $395 As illustrated here, Irene has $395 per month available to pay for childcare, health care, household items, clothing, transportation and other expenses. Irene doesn't receive any child support, although monthly payments have been specified in her divorce papers. Washington State requires formal child support payments to be made through the Support Enforcement office, which reports that they are only able to collect on 47% of the cases statewide. Additionally, payments are based on non-custodial parent's income; the minimum is $25 per month per child. We will examine the details of how Irene juggles to make ends meet. . Financial Assistance: Irene would not be eligible for Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), given that her income is above the State "Payment Standard." For a household of three, Irene's monthly income would need to be at or below $546, in order to be eligible for AFDC assistance. 1 (Eligibility requirements for AFDC and other forms of public assistance are described in more detail in Section C -- Income Distribution.) Housing Costs: We see that Irene is paying 44% of her gross income for rent, 52.7% of her take home pay. This is average rent for a 2-bedroom apartment in Federal Way. Irene would likely seek out subsidized housing to reduce this major expense. Althoogh Irene is eligible, the King County Housing Authority no longer accepts new applicatiòns. The Section 8 housing program would provide fixed rent at II-I city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan 30% of her income equal to $3JO. Because of continuing reductions in federal funding, no additional certificates are available and the S ction 8 program is being reduced. The federal government has recently rescinded the ceiling on subsidize rents, and some housing authorities are increasing rents to meet annual I costs. I Graph # 1 gives us a closer lobk at Irene's basic monthly expenses, ~ased on the following assumptions: I $653 $10 $0 $30 $541 $50 $60 Graph #1 childcare health care premium food ($2.62/day/person. Assumes $236 food stamp subsidy) I telephone ' rent car expenses or public transportation electricity Tota.! Expenses $1,344 tillJ Child Care . Electric Bill mill Telephone ~ Rent . Trancportation . Health I The total expenses according to¡ this graph are $1,344 compared to a mopthly net wage of $1,026. This is a \\fage- expense difference of$318. It should be noted that the above $1 ,344 do~s not include clothing, household supplies, nor amenities such as entertainment, school supplies, or e~ergency funds. This budget assumes that Irene will receive the benefits of federal and state programs such ~ food stamps, that are cun-ently available to eligible low income families. With the implementation of welfate reform in the next two to three years, reductions in many of these programs are expected to occur, lea~ng fewer resources for families like Irene and her children. 1 This change will result in greater demand on local non-profit agencies serving low income individuals and families. I Childcare: Finding and paying for childcare is a major challenge for Irene. Child care costs in the City of Federal Way are as follows: I A vera2e Weekly Rates I A vera2e Monthly Rates Infants: Toddlers: Preschool: Kindergarten: School age: $111.76 $102.92 I $92.18 $86.11 $71.22 $447.04 $411.68 $368.72 $344.44 $284.88 II-2 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan For Irene these costs are $368 for her pre-schooler and $285 for her school age child. IfIrene seeh help with her childcare costs, she would find that Department of Social and Health Services-(DSHS) childcare subsidies are only available for public assistance recipients, while they are in the Jobs Program. Even for those single parents, help with childcare is offered during on-the-job training, but not when they secure employment. Some providers offer a sliding scale and Irene may find a provider at less than average cost. The CARES Program, operated jointly by the Federal Way School District and the City of Federal Way, provides subsidies for low-income working parents. In 1995, City funds served forty- seven (47) families, providing subsidies for sixty-three (63) children. At the time of annual enrollment, the CARES Program keeps a small waiting list in case some families withdraw. They do not accept additional applications during the school year. As with housing assistance, Irene would most likely find that, although she is eligible, limited subsidy resources are quickly exhausted. Without assistance for child care costs, Irene may leave her school-aged. child unattended, and resort to an unlicensed caretaker or informal arrangement for the younger child, if available. According to Child Care Resources, problems with daycare are the single largest reason low income women leave their jobs. Health Care: The best news in our example is that Irene can get health care for her children through Healthy Options, the program that covers low income children, sponsored by the State Department of Health and Social Services (DSHS) and she receives subsidized care for herself through the Washington Basic Health Plan, paying $10 a month and a co-pay fee per visit. Food: Irene would be eligible for food stamps through the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS). For a family of three, she could receive up to $236 per month in food stamps. The federal FreelReduced Lunch Program would provide lunch for her 11 year old during school. She may also be eligible for WIC (Women and Infant Care) if her three year old has any chronic health problem or vitamin deficiencies. The WIC program is administered through t~e Public Health Department. Food vouchers through the WIC program are worth about $40 per month, and are available for children up to 5 years of age with need for nutritional support. Other Resources: Irene is eligible for a federal income tax credit, under the current program. She would get a lump sum of approximately $2,396. This sum will be a great help to Irene, enabling her to take care of major needs such as car repairs, school clothes, appliances; but this is not a resource for day to day expenses. Given this gap between income and expenses, how does Irene make ends meet? She would be one of the 12,700 or more who used the Federal Way Food Bank in 1995, her children are among the 1,500 or more who use the Federal Way PTSA Clothing Bank at school. If she loses her daycare or her job; has health problems or her car breaks down; Irene and her children could become one of the hundreds of families seeking emergency shelter. In the section below, we will examine statistics to estimate the magnitude of these difficu~ties for persons in Federal Way. II-3 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan B. Resident Profile The following section exa.n1ines statistics from many data sources to ascertain how prevalent these economic challenges are for ~ederal Way residents. According to the 1990 Census report, the City's total population is 74,290, cqnsisting of 25, 758 households. The major points are highlighted below, illustrating that in Federal Way: . Twenty-seven percent (27%) of City residents are children under eighteen years old: 20,800 children.2 This highlights th~ need for community facilities, childcare and supervised activities for children. Sixty-eight percent (68%) ,of working families have all adults working outside the home.3 6.2% (4,600) of residents aIte over 65 years and 6.5% are between the ages of 55 to 64 years.2 Many senior residents and people with disabilities live on a limited income and require or will require assistance with spe~ial needs. Sixty-six percent (66%) o~jobs in Federal Way are in service and retail, paying an average from $4. 90/hr to $7. 12/hr. t Thirteen percent (13%) of residents are at 50% of median household income or below? About 5,000 school age children in Federal Way School District boundaries are low income and receive free or reduced lunches. 3,498 households are payiQg more than 30% of their income for rental housing.3 Seven-hundred fourteen (714), housing units are subsidized.3 Federal Way's population is becoming more ethnically diverse. The 1990 Census data indicates that the City's population is 82.5% Caucasian, 7.1 % Asian/Pacific Islander, 5.5% Hispanic/Latino, 3.5% African American and 1.5% American Indian? In particular, Korean, Hispanic/Latino and former f:astem European populations are growing populations in Federal Way. . . . . . . . . II-4 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive PÚln Age Breakdown In the following graph, the Federal Way population is represented by age group according to the 1990 census. 10% at or below five years (7,429) 9% between six and eleven years (6,686) 9% between twelve and eighteen years (6,686) 20% between nineteen and twenty-nine years (14,858) 39% between thirty and fifty-four years (28,973) 6.5% between fifty-five and sixty-four years (4,829) 6.2% over the age of sixty-five (4,606) Graph #2 Twenty-seven percent of Federal Way residents are under 18 years old, which represents 20,800 individuals. These are the highest percentages of children among the Southwest King County communities. These proportions highlight the need for infrastructure and community support systems such as child care facilities, recreation programs, community centers, and parks. Working Families A primary factor in evaluating children's community support needs is the availability of parental supervision. Graph #3, using the data from the City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan Hearing Draft, illustrates that 52% (13,394) of all Federal Way families have two parents working, and 16% (4,121) have a single parent that works. Although there is variation due to working schedules and custodial arrangements, it can be assumed that most of the 68% of working parents need daily structured activities for their children. Graph #3 Adequate programs and financial support for low income children's inclusion in community activities and supervised care is essential to build safer communities. Lack of parental supervision has many societal implications, including low academic perfonnance and potential juvenile delinquency. A study conducted by the United States Justice Department found that "the peak time during which youths ages six to seventeen commit crimes is ITom 3 to 6 PM, between the end of the school day and dinner.,,4 Adequate supervision and activities for youth is an important component in increasing public safety. II-5 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Seniors As reviewed earlier, 6.2% (4,606 people) of the Federal Way population is over the age of 65. Further, the statistics report 6.:5% (4,829) of the City's population is between the ages of 55 to 64. Seniors are an important segm~nt of the community to consider in evaluating service needs. We can assume that a large proportion of seniors live on a limited income and many need, or will need, specialized health, housing and other support services as they age. Programs which support seniors through social activities, transportation assistance, minor home repair and other services enable many to continue to live healthy and independent lives. A full spectrum of housing options is also important for this population, including assi~ted living and nursing homes. c. Income Distribution Graph #4 Employment opportunities in Federal Way are predominantly in two sectors: retail/trade and services. As shown in Graph #4, based on the F~deral Way Comprehensive Plan, 66% of jobs consist of service and retail occupations, the majority being lower wage jobs. Irene, our retail sales clerk, earns an average hourly wage of $7.12. Waiters earn an average hourly wage of$4.90. Thelmajority of jobs within the City of Federal Way are in this low income bracket, resulting in a large segment with low wage èarners. I Retail/Trade (34.2%) - Wages Distribution Transportation (2%) Construction (5.8%)- FinancelReal Estate (8%) - : Manufacturing (3.8%)- Government (12.1 %) - ~¡;¡ Services (31.8%) - ~~.,..... Income Groups Federal Way has a high øercent of upper income households, which creates a median household income 20% higher than neighboring jurisdictions. However, approximately one third of City residents are moderate income or below. As illustrated in the following table using data from the 1990 census, 13% of Federal Way residents have an income less than 50% of the county median income, about 10,000 individuals. I Like Irene, these residents may face many chronic stresses to provide for their families and maintain an adequate standard of living. I II-6 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Household % of County Median ($36,179) % FW Residents # FW Residents Income Level Very Low 0-30% - less than $10,853 5.6% 4,160 Low 31-50% - less than $18,089 7.2% 5,349 Moderate 51-80% -less than $28,943 14.9% 11,069 Middle 81-120% -less than $43,415 25.9% 19,241 Upper 121 %+ of county median income 46.4% 34,471 Table #1 These figures are reinforced by Federal Way School District data. In 1992, 8% of all students (3,70 I) received ITee lunches and 4% (1, I 03) received reduced cost lunches. Free lunch is provided to very low income families, at 30% of median and below. Reduced cost lunch is provided to low income families, between 31 % to 50% of median. This data indicates that a higher proportion of young children are in the lowest income categories. Fixed Incomes The lowest income category includes households living on public assistance, social security, and limited retirement resources. According to the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS), about 1,658 households in Federal Way are currently on Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), which is one type of public assistance. The formula for the standard of need, based on the federal poverty levels, estimates income required to meet basic needs as $1,233 per month for a family of three. However, each state sets their own payment standards for public assistance benefits. In Washington, the payment standard for a family of three is $546 per month, $6,552 per year. In order to qualify for public assistance, the income for a family of three would need to be at or below $546. Low income families may also be eligible to receive other benefits such as food stamps and medical benefits. Eligibility requirements vary slightly for different types <?f public assistance programs. Each case is assessed on an individual basis to determine eligibility. As mentioned earlier, with the implementation of welfare reform in the next few years, changes in public assistance programs are expected to occur, leaving fewer resources for low-income individuals and families. 1 A population group with a significant number on fixed incomes is people with disabilities. The 1990 census estimates 1,864 disabled individuals in the City of Federal Way over the age of 16 years living with a self-care or mobility limitation. The census data reports that of these, 887 are prevented by their disability ITom working. Included in the category are persons with developmental disabilities. According to DSHS, about 831 Federal Way households received state medical benefits for the disabled in 1996.1 . II- 7 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Persons living with IllV inf~ction are also considered disabled. The King County Department of Public Health estimates that ~pproximately 70-110 Federal Way residents are living with IDYl AIDS. The Health Departmeht estimate is based on a range, due to the fact that persons who are HIV positive are not mandatJd to report their health status to the Department. Only those persons diagnosed with AIDS are Irequired to report to the Health Department. The total number of residents living with IDYl AIDS is an estimate, based on the total number of persons with HIV/AIDS in King County and the number of Federal Way residents living with AIDS.5 D. Housing As our case study shows, I housing costs are a critical factor in budget balancing for low income households. What are thf options available for families like Irene and others with low incomes? The housing data in this s~ction is based on the 1995 City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan and the Federal Way Commm!1Ìty Profile published in 1993. The City's 1995 Comprehe~ive Plan describes the current housing stock and projects housing needs for Federal Way in detail. Th~ Plan states: "It [homogeneous housing stock] creates a situation where an increasing number of fampies find it difficult to obtain suitable housing in the community, This includes senior citizens ...emptYI nesters, young adults, students, young married couples and low income workers.,,6 Fifty-seven percent (57%) o(the housing units in the City of Federal Way are owner-occupied with a current average purchase ~rice of $135,960 (1993 figure).3 Based on commonly used standards of affordability, 35% ofthe current household incomes of Federal Way could afford to purchase a home within the City iq. today's housing market. Home ownership is out of reach for more than a third of City households I without specialized programs to provide assistance, such as first time home buyer programs. The lo"'fer income households in this profile are mostly limited to rental housing, which is described below. I Rental Housing I Forty-three percent (43%) oithe City housing stock is rental housing.2 The apartment market is less expensive than rentals of sing~e family homes. We will assume our lower income households will be relying on the apartment rental market. Table #2 is a representation of the average costs for various sizes of apartments in Fed~ral Way.7 All Studio 1 Bed 2/1 Bath 2/2 Bath 3/2 Bath Market Vacancy (%) 6.6% 7.9% 5.4% 8.0% 6.2% 7.9% Average Rent ($) $549 I $417 $471 $541 $605 $730 Table #2 II-8 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan The 1995 City of F eder-al. Way-Comprehensive Plan documents that 7% (847) of all renting households are spending 30 to 34% of their income for housing, and 24% (2,905) of renting households are spending over 35% of their income for housing. Therefore, a total of 3,498 households are putting over 30% of their income toward rental housing costs. This ratio may not seem exorbitant for higher income households paying a mortgage, but as in our case study example at the beginning of this section, the remainder left for lower-income households is often not enough to meet on-going expenses for basic needs. Subsidized and Assisted Housing In the City of Federal Way, there 714 units of subsidized housing.3 Three hundred seventy nine (379) units are owned and operated by the King County Housing Authority and private developments, established as low income units: 280 for families, 95 for elderly and disabled, and 4 for mentally ill persons managed by a mental health agency. The balance of the subsidized units in Federal Way are private housing rented by households on the Section 8 program, the federal program which provides vouchers to subsidize payments in private, market rate rental housing. The Section 8 units are not specifically for Federal Way; rather they reflect the number of households with King County certificates that have found their housing in the City. As mentioned earlier, because of reductions in federal funding, there are no new Section 8 certificates; applications are closed. There are a few special needs housing units in Federal Way. The City zoning code defines special needs housing to include: housing for seniors, people with disabilities, people with drug and alcohol problems, safe houses, and pregnant teenagers. Two homes for former prostitutes recovering from addictions and two houses for single men recovering from addictions are run by local non-profit organizations. King County Mental Health Division reports that there are 130 supported housing beds in South King County for mentally ill persons, compared to a estimated need of750 units. Four units, mentioned above, are in Federal Way. No supportive housing for persons with AIDS currently exists in the City, and few support services are available. There are a few senior housing developments in Federal Way, offering units at market rates, which total about 200 units. An additional 400 units of senior housing are currently in the preliminary review process with the City. All these units are built and operated by private developer and, if completed as planned, would provide 300 units for low income seniors and disabled persons. Additionally, 175 units are under permit processing for .independent and assisted living; and permits are being processed for operation of adult family homes. E. Child Care At an average cost of $41 0 per month for full time daycare for one child, chiidcare costs for the lower wage working parent are difficult to cover. There are 163 licensed daycare providers in Federal Way, with total child slots equal to 2,715. It is difficult to estimate child care needs within the City, since parents who commute may arrange childcare near their employment, and some may II-9 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan have care provided by family members. However, using earlier statistics of7,429 children under five - years old and 68% of households Iwith all parents working outside the home, we can conclude that there is stiff competition for childcare slots, especially for lower income parents. The primary information s~rvice in South King County for parents seeking quality childcare is Child Care Resources, a regidnal service located in Kent. The agency reported serving 2,249 Federal Way families in 1995, cømpared to a projection of 1,500. The unduplicated number of Federal Way parents who requested assistance in finding childcare in one year almost reaches the total number of licensed slots in the City: 2, 715. Clearly, lower income working parents face childcare challenges of both adeq~ate supply and affordable cost. F. Ethnic Diversity Another important factor in !examining the Federal Way community profile is racial and c4ltural diversity. Graph # 5 shows broad ethnic breakdowns fur the City. ¡ Additional material from ¡the Federal Way School District documents that in the 19~4-1995 school year, 1,885 children were enrolled in the Eng1ish as a Second Language (ESL) program. This statistic SU¡?ports the observation that Federal Way's immigrant population has a high proportion of recent immigrants, the two largest groups being Korean and Spanish speaking. Graph #5 American Indian, Eskimo, Aleut 1.5% Hispanic 5.5% Asian or Pacific Islander 7.1% - African American 3.5% - Caucasian 82.5% I Participation by various ethryic groups in economic, cultural and civic aspects of community life is important to build strong ~eighborhoods, a healthy economy and good quality of life. In human services, attention to diversitjY is essential for effective services. Service data shows a higher percentage of diversity among hurpan services clients than in the overall population. Attention to diversity translates to availability o(bi-lingual services, community outreach, staff recruitment and training. Additionally, social and htalth services are most effective when provided by persons who understand the cultural perspectivfs of their clients. G. Additional Indicators The data analyzed above focuses primarily on financial problems in meeting basic needs faced by low income persons in Federal Way. In this next section, the Human Services Community Profile will review other priority concerns in the delivery of human services for the City. Special attention will be placed on goals as outlined by the Federal Way City Council: meeting basic needs, improving public safety, supporting self sufficiency, and strengthening neighborhoods. II-I0 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan The additional indicators summarized include homelessness,. violence, crime, troubled youth, and specific health concerns of teenage pregnancy and drug and alcohol abuse. A highlight of the data detailed in this section document the following: . A survey of South King County emergency shelter providers indicated that approximately 1,200 City residents were sheltered in emergency housing in 1995. Fifty-three (53) Federal Way youth were identified as homeless through the Homeless Youth Outreach Program in the first two months of 1996.8 In 1995, the King County Prosecutors office reported that 480 domestic violence cases were prosecuted within the City.9 King County Sexual Assault Resource Center (KSARC) reported serving 151 Federal Way residents in 1995 for sexual assault trauma. Of these, 47% were under 12 years of age. 10 Child Protective Services investigates over 800 cases of child abuse and neglect in Federal Way each year. The Federal Way School District Security report documents 1,682 incidents of violence and crime, alcohol and drug incidences on school grounds in 1995.11 A report from the Seattle-King County Department of Public Health indicates that teenage pregnancy in Federal Way has the fourth highest rate among South King County cities. 12 According to a report by the Office of Research and Data Analysis and Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse at the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS), only 21 % of low income persons needing substance abuse treatment receive it. . . . . . . . Homelessness As our case study illustrates, many low income households in Federal Way are at risk of homelessness due to lack of financial resources. A long illness, car breakdown, reduction in work hours, loss of a child care provider; anyone of these events could push Irene out of her housing. Once in this situation, the average time it now takes for a family in the shelter system to get back into permanent housing is 18 months, according to the Seattle-King County Coalition for the Homeless. The definition of homeless used by shelter organizations is stated as: " . . . an individual or family which 1) lacks a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence; or 2) has a primary nighttime residence that is a supervised shelter....or institution that provides temporary residence..." 13 A first step to estimate the number of homeless persons in Federal Way is to review statistics of local service providers. The following data covers major South King County providers: . Federal Way School District enrolled more than 150 homeless children in their specialized homeless program in 1995. South King County Multi-Service Center provided emergency and transitional housing to 199 Federal Way residents, with total of4,214 bed nights in 1995. Salvation Army distributed. motel vouchers to 367 Federal Way residents with a . . II-II City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan . total of 506 bed nifhts in 1995. In the first two months of 1996, the Homeless Youth Outreach Program of Auburn Youth Re$ources (A YC) contacted 53 homeless youth in Federal Way. In addition, A YC ho~sed 19 Federal Way youth in 1995, out of a total of 172 youth. Federal Way Com~unity Caregiving Network housed 409 residents in 1995. Domestic Abuse Women's Network (DAWN) housed 22 Federal Way women and their children for 3ôl bednights in 1995. I . . This yields a total of approximately 1,200 Federal Way cases served by emergency housing programs in 1995. It is important to note that this is an estimate of the number of homeless persons in the City, based on the information available. Due to the nature of homelessness, it is difficult to obtain an unduplicated count. many individuals and families move from shelter to shelter before they secure pennanent housing, sihce only short-term emergency housing is available. As a result, homeless individuals are served bi more than one agency. The majority of these cases are families with children, since the emergency shelters in the County serve families and youth only. The voucher programs include a sm~ller percentage of single adults. This service total reflects. the level of shelter services available, not level of need. For example, the South King Count} Multi-Service Center turns away six people for every one they serve, due to lack of space. ~dditionally, aside from two houses for single men operated by HomeStart and four condominiu~ units for single mothers that will be operated by the Federal Way Community Caregiving Network, the only emergency shelter resource available in the city of Federal Way is the voucher pro~rams, which provide housing for only a few nights. There are also homeless sin@e adults, youth and sometimes families who camp out in wooded areas of the City or sleep in thdir cars. No estimates are available of the numbers of homeless I people who are not served by the shelter services in Federal Way. Homeless Youth I . We also know there are h~meless teens who camp out and couch surf; mearung they move ITom couch to couch at the home~ offriends. In 1996, Auburn Youth Resources has implemented a new homeless teen outreach program which provides concrete data on the extent of this problem in Federal Way. In the first two nionths of program operations, the outreach staff has worked with fifty three (53) homeless youth in ~he City. Additionally, a King County sponsored homeless count stated: " ...In an April 1994 one-night count of sheltered and un sheltered homeless youth, Federal Way and Rbnton were among the areas in the County with significant numbers of homeless yJuth. A week-long count conducted at the same time identified 29 homeless yoUth in east King County and 59 in south King County." 14 I For youth who become hobeless, there are no shelter services available in the City. The closest emergency shelter is in Au~urn and has six beds. In South King County, there are thirty six I II-12 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan (36) transitional beds for teen mothers and twenty (20) for homeless youth. The lack of services for this population can have far reaching consequences. Youth in crisis often go to Seattle for services, and look for support in the streets of the University District or downtown Seattle. Risks of further harm and victimization is great for these youth, many of whom leave home due to abuse, family violence and/or parental substance abuse. If a homeless youth leaves the community, he or she loses contact with positive support systems including school, friends, and neighbors. Efforts at family reconciliation are severely thwarted and a crisis that may have been short term can become a long term problem. Availability of shelter, transitional housing, and advocacy services are important for homeless teens. With effective intervention and support services these teens most in need can utilize essential support services that they are eligible for. Establishing a positive relationship with an agency and adults can enable homeless teens to identify positive options. Violence Domestic violence is a serious societal problem that escalates without intervention and damages all family members exposed to it. In 1994, 27% of all homicides in Washington State were due to domestic issues. It is estimated that 50-75% of male batterers also abuse their children, and one study documented that 70% of children in battered women's shelters have been found to be victims of physical abuse or neglect. 1S Witnessing domestic violence has far reaching and serious negative impacts on children as well. Problems include eating and sleeping disorders, higher rates of delinquency, substance abuse and suicide, lower school achievement and poor peer relations. Studies conclude that from 50-80% of male child witnesses grow up to repeat the cycle. One study found that daughters of battered women are 6.5 times more likely to be sexually assaulted than girls from non-violent homes. Domestic violence citations issued in the Federal Way district increased by 10% between 1994 and 1995. Out of approximately 1,000 cases processed by the Federal Way District Court in 1995, 480 cases occurred within the City of Federal Way.9 National Crime Survey data reveals that nearly half of all incidents of domestic violence are not reported to the police.1s Further studies estimate that there are thirty-five (35) incidents of violence before the first police call. 16 A "range of services are needed for effective prevention and intervention in domestic violence incidents. Public education, advocacy and legal services, medical and counseling services, victim protection, among others. Coordinated efforts by police, prosecutors and human service agencies, are most effective in assisting families and community members to stop the cycle of violence. Sexual assault is a devastating crime with far reaching impacts on the physical and psychological health of its victims. Thirty-one percent (31 %) of all rape victims develop Rape-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; which can b€? debilitating. Unresolved trauma from sexual assault can lead to major drug or alcohol abuse. Childhood sexual abuse produces psychological damage that II-13 Cily of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan often lasts into adulthood. Ad~lt survivors of childhood sexual abuse may exhibit depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, disso~iation and low self esteem. Studies from the University of Washington show that 66% ofpI1egnant adolescents reported being sexually abused, 62% prior to their pregnancy. 17 I Police statistics document 90 reported rapes in 1994 and 71 in 1995 in the City of Federal Way. IS A National report entitlt:1d Rape in America states that only 16% of rapes are reported to the police. Because of the hi$h level of community awareness in the Pacific Northwest, the percentage of incidents reported may be higher than the national average. The King County Sexual Assault Resource Center providbd sexual assault services to 151 Federal Way residents in 1995. " Professional and crisis intbrvention services to victims of sexual assault and their family members is critical for recovery from the trauma, as well as important for prosecution. Although police records show 71 reported'rapes in 1995, they also show 16 adults arrested for rape during this same year. Child abuse and neglect: Grap~ #6 illustrates the number of children accepted b~ Child Protective Services (CPS) in the city ofFed~ral Way. In both 1992 and 1993, physical abuse,1 physical neglect, and sexual abuse were the top three types of abuse reported by Child Protective Sewices. Over 800 cases were accepted in 1992 and 1993 involving these serious forms of child abusb. As with many other service areas, this graph is an illustration of the number of cases accepted for investigation by CPS, and doeS not reflect actual prevalence of the problem. E~rly and effective intervention with these troubled fahÜlies and abused or neglected children is critical to prevent further victimization and other adjustm~nt problems that impede successful development and self sufficiency as adults. II-14 400 -I 350 300 250 Graph #6 200 150 100 ' 50, 0, 0 - 5 years a', ~¡¡. ~' . I 13 - 17 '!!'!;....8 I Unknown or 17+ 6 -12 ø 1991 III 1993 ~ 1992 . 1994 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Troubled Youth In addition to the serious trauma children experience that are counted in the statistics listed above, other data signaling youth in need include school drop-out rates, drug and alcohol usage, incidents of youth violence and teen pregnancy. School drop-outs: The Federal Way School District reports a dropout rate in the 'regular schools' of 5.2% in the 1993-1994 school year and a rate of 5.4% in 1994-1995, excluding the alternative school. At the alternative high school the drop out rate is dramatic: 38% dropped out in 1993-1994 and 43% dropped out in 1994-1995. In general, this is attributed to the district's strict "no tolerance" policies. Students in the alternative school are required to have drug/alcohol assessments and random drug tests. If treatment plans are called for, compliance is required. This may include Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous meetings, other group or individual counseling, and other services. There are variety of reasons for suspension or expulsion of students in the Federal Way School District. In particular, any incident of drug, alcohol, or weapon possession in school results in automatic suspension. In the 1993 -1994 school year, there were 72 long term suspension; defined as suspended for the remainder of the semester. That same year there was one expulsion, defined as suspension for the whole year. In 1994-1995 school year, the Federal Way School District issued 161 long term suspensions and 9 expulsions. Youth who drop out or are expelled ITom school are at great risk for delinquent behaviors and criminal activity. Policies to prevent this alienation from school and services to intervene and offer options for youth at risk are important components in public safety improvement efforts. Violence and crime among youth: Federal Way School District data also provides reports on use of drugs and alcohol in school, fighting on school grounds, theft, and weapon possession. The following information was obtained from the Federal Way School District Security Report. 11 AITests Assaults 1993-1994 ISO 406 69 270 II7 263 II7 444 88 1994-1995 73 302 99 319 39 264 93 396 97 Drugs/alcohol Fights Gangs Theft Trespassing Vandalism Weapons TOTAL INCIDENTS: 1,924 1,682 II-15 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprrehensive Plan The reduction in overall incidents shows the school district's success in getting these behaviors out of school campuses. Although a number of these indicators are reduced such as gang-related activity, trespassing and vandalism, others have increased including weapons violations, drug and alcohol incidents and fights. Combined with crime data reviewed below which , are often attributed to teenagers,! a conclusion could be reached that the problems may be moved off school grounds, but not out 'of the community. Effective interventions beYØnd punishment are critical for youth. All of these behaviors are warning signals that can lead to serious crime. The Department of Public Health reports that youths ages 15-24 years old have the highest homicide-victim rate in King County. According to the National Institute of Justice Journal, adolescent problem behaviors such as substance abuse, delinquency, teen pregnancy, school drop-out rates, and youth violence are directly correlated to family management problems and extreme economic deprivation. Crime Robberies in the city of FetIeral Way have increased 1200 from 160 in 1993, to 189 in 19CÞ4, to 225 in 1995. Auto 1000 thefts have risen from 611 in 19~)3 to over 1,000 in 1995. 800 Detective Jake Ziminsky, who investigates auto thefts at 600 King County's Federal Way Precinct, estimates that 40% of 400 all auto theft cases involve juveniles. As is illustrated in 200 graph #7, robberies, auto thefts~ and aggravated assaults 0 have all increased in the past thtee years.,,19 King County Division of Juvenile Parole supervises youth convicted of crimes that reside in the community. Currently, 125 youth are on probation or parole in Federal Way. Graph #7 ""'1 F1 'I" , """1 "1"' ¡¡,~ íim I Auto Theft Robbery Aggravated Assault Dill 1993 mI 1994 III 1995 The incidents of violence, crime and youth problem behaviors call for focused and effective intervention services. As a high priority for human services resources, services to improve public safety are most effective if they include early intervention; prevention for high risk families and their children; and collaboration with the systems that intervene in crime, violence and child abuse and neglect cases. Health The Department of PublicI Health's 1995 report entitled Healthy Children, Youth and Families in King County provides statistics on many health issues. In general, the city of Federal Way reflects the same health chall~nges as other areas of South King County. However, a couple of areas reflect special problemsl in Federal Way that warrant attention. These needs highlight priority service areas that are important for the City's goals. II-16 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Prenatal care and teenage pregnancy Federal Way is one of only two cities in King County in which the percentage of women receiving late or no prenatal care increased instead of decreased between 1986 and 1993. The statistics report that 4% received late or no prenatal care in 1986, and 6% received late or no prenatal care in 1993. Further, Federal Way had 35 births to teen mothers in 1993. This is a rate of more than 25 per thousand 15-17 year old females. South King County as a whole has higher rates of births to teen mothers than in the county overall, with total numbers surpassed only by Southeast Seattle and White Center.2o Federal Way rates among the top jurisdictions in King County for teenage birth rate. Drug and alcohol abuse Drug and alcohol abuse are directly related to the public safety problems cited above. Many studies show a direct link between drug and alcohol abuse and domestic violence, crime, child abuse and neglect, and behavior problems among youth. Although statistics are unavailable for the City of Federal Way specifically, data analysis performed by the Office of Research and Data Analysis and Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse at the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) provides helpful information. The same addiction and substance abuse rates were found for all adults regardless of income in King County. Income is not a statistically significant factor, but it is a critical factor in access to treatment and other support services. The analysis determined that only 21 % of low income residents in King County who need drug treatment receive ipl Services to address alcohol and drug abuse are an important component of effective interventions to improve public safety and support at risk youth and their families. Summary The Community Profile section of the Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan provides an overview of key factors to consider in human services delivery and presents data to estimate the prevalence of problems central to the City Council goals. Use of a case study example illustrates the chronic challenges many working families face in meeting basic needs and covering the high costs for housing, childcare and other expenses. Demographic data is reviewed to estimate level of need due to limited incomes, and other statistics are presented that examine specific societal challenges. These include homelessness, violence, crime and health concerns. Federal Way has a population of 74,290 with 25,758 households, the vast majority of whom are working families. Twenty-seven percent (27%) of Federal Way residents are children and six percent (6.2%) are seniors. Sixty-eight percent (68%) of families with children have all adults working outside the home. The City has a culturally diverse population, including almost 2,000 children in the Federal Way School District who speak English as a second language. II-17 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan A review of housing stoclG and rental housing costs in Federal Way illustrates that lack of affordable housing is a significant barrier to financial self sufficiency for thousands of low income households. The 1995 City of Federal Way Comprehensive Plan, based on 1990 data estimates 3,498 households paying more than 30% of their income for rental housing. There are 714 units of subsidized housing in the City and a few housing programs for persons with special needs, such as mentally ill, those recovering from drug or alcohol addiction and transitional housing for homeless families. Federal Way has its share of homeless men, women and children, with over 1,200 cases of homeless services provided to City residents in 1995. There are significant numbers of homeless youth in the City, and over 800 cases of child abuse and neglect accepted by Child Protective Services each year. Domestic violence and sexual assault crimes are significant problems in Federal Way, Problems of crime requiring collaboration with human services include domestic violence, sexual assault, and adolescent crime of all types. Teenage pregnancy and alcohol and drug abuse are community concerns in Federal Way that call for prevention as well as early intervention services. II-18 I SIECTION 3 HUMAN SERVICES I COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I OCTOBER, 1999 SECTION III - HUMAN SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEM It is difficult to clearly define the boundaries of what are termed "human services". Income supports that are provided as welfare benefits, for example, are included - but social security payments are not. Section 8 rental vouchers provided to low-income families are typically described as human services, but rarely is veterans' mortgage assistance. This discussion of the human service delivery system available to Federal Way residents, takes a broad view. of human services as those services - publicly funded to some extent - which support individuals in living independently and successfully in the community. Human services in Federal Way are delivered by a complex system of federal, state, county, city and private non-profit organizations. Residents of the City will interact with different systems depending on their needs, their income levels, and various characteristics that make them eligible for specific services. ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SERVICES A significant portion of human services funding and policy direction derives from the federal government. Through funding and regulations, federal agencies direct low- income housing, medical and dental care, services that enable senior citizens and persons with disabilities to live independently, income supports, a portion of educational services, veterans services and care, and domestic violence and sexual assault services. In many of these services, federal funding flows through the state, county or city to intermediary levels of government or to private non-profits who ultimately deliver the services. This section, identifies the variety of services and supports that make up the human services arena and will identify the entities that actually deliver the services. For other services, the state, county or city exercise various forms of taxation and income generation to support human services which are priorities at a local level. Some of these services supplement federal services. Others represent priorities that are set locally. FEDERAL AGENCIES PROVIDING DIRECT HUMAN SERVICES The Social Security Administration has responsibility for administering income support payments that include retirement benefits, disability benefits and supplemental income assistance that helps bring low-income seniors and disabled persons up to the poverty line when their earned income falls below that level. The Social Security Administration also administers Medicare benefits that insure senior and disabled persons for health care. Social Security Administration services are available by phone, from a central office in downtown Seattle, and from a branch office in Kent. The Veterans' Administration provides cash benefits, counseling services, health care coverage, mortgage support, and educational benefits to veterans - and burial and pension benefits for their dependents. The specific mix of services available varies depending on the veterans' discharge status, presence or absence of service-connected disability, and the period and military arena in which they served. Both the Veterans' 111-1 Administration and the Veterans' Affairs Puget Sound Health System are located in Seattle but serve veterans reqionally. The Bureau of Indian Affair, provides a variety of assistance to Native Americans: assisting them in enrolling for tribal benefits, providing health care to enrolled tribal members and providing educfitional benefits to Native American students. The Bureau of Indian Affairs serving this region is located in Portland Oregon. The Seattle Indian Health Board, located in downtown Seattle, provides enrolled tribal members with health care through the Indian Health Service locally. I The Job Corps provides job training and associated services to low-income youth and young adults who typically la~k their high school degrees. The Job Corps office is located in downtown Seattle,but enrollment is available through the state's Employment Security Offices. The Emplo)1ment Security Office most local to Federal Way is located in Auburn. . In addition to these direct ser¡vices, the federal government operates a number of phone hotlines providing informatidn and referral for health and human services. These include hotlines for victims of domestic violence, persons seeking substance abuse information or treatment, deaf and hard-of-hearing TTY relay, general health information, and lead based paint hazards among þthers. STATE AGENCIES PROVlqlNG DIRECT HUMAN SERVICES The omnibus agency providihg most state-administered and state-delivered human services is the Washington *ate Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS). While DSHS funds a variety lof services which are locally delivered, the state agency also directly delivers a numQer of services. The Department of Social and Health Services maintains a Comm~nity Service Office (CSO) to provide easy access to DSHS programs for City residents. Income Assistance The Temporary Assistance~o Needy Families (TANF) program replaced what historically has been referred to as "we fare". TANF provides cash grants, food stamps, job training and work experience place ents, child care and Medicaid services to eligible low- income families. In 1997, the TANF program enacted a number of changes designed to shift from a model of income assistance to a welfare-to-work transition model. These changes include: . A five year lifetime cap ~n receipt of T ANF benefits. . Strict work requirement$ for all but a few recipients. . Increased emphasis on obtaining jobs, rather than training, first. . Increased support for cl11ild care for working recipients. . Active financial/benefit $anctions for participants who fail to find work or participate in work experience placenhents. In addition to TANF, which is aimed at helping families with dependent children, DSHS provides limited income assistance for adults without children who are unable to work temporarily due to disability. I 111-2 The Department also administers other programs which support family economic security. These include: . The federal food stamp program, which is available to low income families, seniors and individuals to help them stretch their food budget. . Healthy Options, a managed care health plan for Medicaid enrollees. Independent Living Supports The Department of Social and Health Services provides a range of services that are designed to increase the capacity of elderly and disabled persons to live independently in the community. Services delivered directly by DSHS for elderly and disabled persons include: . Adult Protective Services: investigation and intervention in suspected abuse of elders and people with disabilities. . Case management, personal care, and chore services to help people remain in their own homes. In addition, the Department contracts with local providers to deliver: . Adult day health programs to increase socialization for isolated seniors and persons with disabilities, and provide respite care for family caregivers. . Adult family homes, which provide home-like congregate care for small numbers of seniors and/or disabled persons as an alternative to institutional care. Fifty-one family homes provide a total of 271 beds in Federal Way. However, adult family home placement is based not only on geographic considerations, but also on vacancies and the specific service needs of residents - and vacancies are limited. On the day that 271 beds were reported available for Federal Way. only 13 beds were vacant1. Vocational Services The Division of Vocational Rehabilitation provides vocational assessment, treatment for disabilities that interfere with employment, job preparation and training, and job placement and follow up support. Services are provided to persons with disabilities. Case managers work from local community services offices. Services are available on- site at the Federal Way Community Services Office. Adoption, Foster Care and Child Protection Services The Children's' Administration provides services designed to increase the stability of children and their families. The first priority of Children's' Administration services is to maintain children in their own homes if this is at all possible. Child Protective Services works with law enforcement, local family courts and contracted community services to address abuse and neglect within the home. 1 Daily Census, Adult Family Homes by Zip Code, Department of Social and Health Services, 9/14/99. 111-3 If out-of-home care is necessary for the safety of the child, Child Protective Services arranges for foster care or ou~.' -of-home institutional care for children. The Children's Administration licenses foster homes in the community and arranges for placement and case management within the~e homes. Foster homes are available within Federal Way. It is a priority of Children's SE rvices to place children in homes accessible to their parents for visitation, but cap~city within the system is chronically strained and geography is only one of sev~ral placement consideration. , COUNTY AGENCIES PRO~IDING DIRECT HUMAN SERVICES Several King County agenCi~S directly provide human services. These agencies include the Mental Health and Subst nce Abuse Services Division of the King County Department of Community S rvices, Public Health - Seattle and King County, and the King County Division of Youth Services. Mental Health and Substa~ce Abuse Services Division ¡ Most treatment services - bQth for persons who suffer from mental illness and from those who are chemically d~pendent - are provided through contracted agencies. However, some services are provided directly by county employees within these divisions. I . Mental health crisis services are provided in part by County-Designated Mental Health Specialists, who respond to calls for evaluation of persons who represent a danger to themselves or, others, or who are unable to care for themselves enough to maintain their own safet)'. . Initial screening for chermical dependency treatment services for low income persons is provided by employee~ of the Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Services. I Public Health - Seattle an~ King County The Public Health Departm~' nt of Seattle and King County provides a wide variety of personal and public health ervices. In Federal Way, the Southwest District Health Center is a major provider care for low-income residents. Health services include: . Help with applying for state sponsored health insurance, Medicaid and Basic Health plan coverage; . Maternity services incluqiing pregnancy testing, childbirth education, pre-natal, and I post-natal care; . Pre-natal, mother/baby rnd toddler support groups; . Home visits to pregnantl women, women with new babies and parents of young children; : . Nutrition education . Adult immunizations; . HIV/AIDS and STD scr~ening clinics; . Services to pregnant a1d parenting teens. I Department of Youth SerVices The Department of Youth &ervices provides both custodial and community based supervision of youthful offenders. Probation officers are located in Federal Way and provide supervision, couns~ling, job placement assistance, drug testing and referral to treatment and community ~ervice supervision. 111-4 CITY OF FEDERAL WAY DEPARTMENTS PROVIDING DIRECT HUMAN SERVICES Several City Departments provide direct human services. The City's Parks, Recreation and Cultural Services Department provides a variety of youth recreation and cultural services. Subsidies enable a limited number of low-income residents to participate in these recreation services. The Department also operates the Klahanee Lake Community/Senior Center, which provides the site at which a number of senior services - including congregate meals and socialization services - are conducted. Recreation services, community and employment resources for persons with developmental disabilities are provided at the Klahanee Lake Facility, both by the City and by Highline Community College. A limited number of teen programs are also offered at the Klahanee Lake facility. The Law Department/Municipal Court also provides human services through its Domestic Violence Legal Advocates, who guide victims of domestic violence through the legal process. The legal advocates aid in safety planning for victims, attend court hearings with victims and keep victims informed about their particular case. The advocates also refer victims of domestic violence to community agencies that are able to meet their specific needs such as counseling and emergency shelter. The Public Safety Department offers human services, integrated with law enforcement strategies, in two of its programs: . Community Service Centers are located in two at-risk housing communities - the Westway Neighborhood and the Rainier Continental Apartment complex. The Community Service Centers have recreation leaders who coordinate after-school activities, tutorial assistance, and mentoring for at-risk youth. . The Victim Assistance Program provides assistance to victims of domestic violence and other violent crimes. When a crime is committed, this volunteer-based program provides 24-hour on-call assistance to victims of crimes. Victim Assistants make contact with victims and help them with their immediate needs. This includes providing referrals to available community services. Volunteers and staff of the Victim Assistance Program are also involved in the City's Domestic Violence Council. Through the Community Development Department, Human Services Division, the City funds (in lieu of directly staffing) several programs to help low income families manage the impact of housing costs on their budgets and lives. . The Housing Stability Program, administered through the Fremont Public Association countywide, makes no-interest loans and grants to low income residents of King County who are in danger of losing their homes either through foreclosure or eviction. The program also offers loans and grants to homeless families to help them obtain permanent housing. . The Housing Repair Program provides no-interest loans to low income homeowners to make necessary health and safety repairs to their homes. The program also makes loans to landlords for repair of rental housing, in exchange for a rent ceiling for up to five years and a requirement that property be rented to low income tenants. . The FirstHomes Program, administered by HomeSight, provides loans with deferred repayment to first-time buyers at or below 80% of the King County median income. The Community Development Department's Neighborhood Development Program provides community residents with tools to build strong and cohesive neighborhoods. 111-5 . The Neighborhood Match!ng Fund provides grants to neighborhood, business and community service group~ to improve neighborhood quality of life. Local groups match the funds with voluhteer labor, in-kind gifts or a cash match. . The Neighborhood Eme~enCy Team, similar to Block Watch, works with neighbors to build a coordinated an planned response to disasters such as earthquakes, floods, fire and other em rgencies. PRIVATE, COMMUNITY BA~ED SERVICES Community based, non-profit! agencies providing a great variety of human services in Federal Way. These service~ are funded by city, county, and state funds, by United Way of King County, and by priva~e fundraising conducted by the agencies. I In 1999, four categories of sarvices - corresponding to the City Council's four funding priorities -are funded by the City of Federal Way: . Meeting basic needs . Maintaining public safety . Promoting self-sufficiency . Building strong neighborthoods In the sections that follow, a~encies are discussed in the categories in which they are or would be funded by the City. However, this classification has some limitations. Programs are classified by the primary!services they provide, but many programs address more than one Council goal. For eo<ample, Washington Women's' Employment and Education offers job training, work readiness and job placement services - all classified as promoting self-sufficiency. Hlowever, they also offer a clothing bank, which would be classified as meeting basic rIIeeds. Other agencies offer servic~s that are not easily categorized in anyone category. For example, a number of private non-profit and for-profit agencies offer treatment for substance abuse. These might be classified as meeting basic needs. On the other hand, being clean and sober is a "1irtual prerequisite for holding a steady job, so these services also promote self-sufficiency. Finally, having parents who do not abuse alcohol or other drugs promotes prevention of youth substance abuse, so these services might well be classified under maintaining! public safety. A number of agencies provide services in each of these areas. Some choose to apply for, and receive, City of Federal Way funds. Others do not. GOAL #1: SUPPORTING ~ASIC NEEDS Agencies funded by the City of Federal Way . Catholic Community Services - Emergency assistance . Community Health Centers of King County - Dental and medical care for low income residents . . Emergency Feeding Pr~gram - Emergency food bags . Federal Way Communi1y Caregiving Network - Emergency and transitional shelter, rent assistance and corhmunity suppers . Federal Way PTSA Council - Clothes for low income students in the Federal Way School District . The Joseph Foundation - Transitional housing for homeless families 111-6 . The Salvation Army - Emergency hotel, food and transportation vouchers . Senior Services of King County - Congregate Meals, Meals on Wheels and Volunteer Transportation Services for Seniors. . South King County Multi-Service Center - Food and clothing bank, food stamp education, low income housing, emergency and transitional housing and case management for homeless families. In addition, a large number of churches provide services designed to meet basic needs. Typically these churches offer food banks, community meals, clothing banks and small emergency funds for gas money, rent or utility assistance or other crisis response. While some churches limit assistance to parishioners, a number offer assistance to local residents without regard to church attendance. Thirteen churches have identified themselves as providing publicly available services for the City's listing of human services resources. Capacity Issues Providers of basic needs support services report several trends and conditions that have impact on their ability to effectively provide services. 1. The increased gap between rich and poor is having an impact on provision of basic needs services. As the economy locally has done well, costs for housing, food and other goods have risen. The incomes of low income families, in relation to costs, have fallen. 2. Welfare reform is having an impact on reducing case load, but is not reducing poverty. In fact, families leaving welfare for entry-level jobs are having more difficulty meeting their basic needs for food, shelter and medical care than families who have access to food stamps, Medicaid coverage and other welfare services. Food, clothing and household supply banks in particular report increased impact from welfare reform, with families visiting more frequently in order to stretch their family budget. 3. The needs of refugees and immigrants are a concern for these service providers. Since benefits for refugees and immigrants expire relatively soon after they move to the country (within two years), many of these individuals and families still struggle to obtain enough income to meet basic needs. As a result, they are relatively likely to experience crises that require support of emergency services. These services must include capacity for translation and provision of language and culturally appropriate services - capacity that can increase their cost of service substantially. Impact from refugee and immigrant populations was noted across all emergency services providers. 4. Lack of adequate public transportation is an issue for providers of basic needs services. Residents who lack cars entirely or lack reliable cars have difficulty traveling to centralized service locations. Transportation costs have a direct impact on emergency funds, which must often include subsidies for bus transportation or gasoline in order for clients to access services. 111-7 Transportation is a critical issue in access to regional services such as: some senior services, veterans' servicßs, vocational and job placement services and higher education. I GOAL #2: MAINTAINING P~BLlC SAFETY Agencies funded by the Clt of Federal Way . ACAP Child and Family ervices - Parenting classes . Birth to Three Developm ntal Center - Support for families with babies and toddlers with developmental delays . Domestic Abuse Women's Network - Counseling and comprehensive services for women and their childrer'] affected by domestic violence . Federal Way Boys and Girls Club - Supervised youth recreation and youth development programs . Federal Way Youth and family Services - Child and family counseling services domestic violence perpe rator treatment and support for victims of domestic violence. . King County Sexual Ass ult Resource Center - Information and referral, legal and medical advocacy for vic ims of sexual assault . Korean Christian Couns~ling Service - Counseling, support and education for non- English-speaking victims of domestic violence Capacity Issues 1. Continued growth in Fed~ral Way's population is likely to continue to put pressure on the limited family suppo~, family counseling and victims' services in the City. I 2. Federal Way youth services and youth development activities are primarily accessible through leag~e sports and other organized activities. A significant number of these services requir~ payment of fees, dues and/or uniform and equipment costs. Although some subsidies are available, youth development and youth recreation activities accessible to Iqw income youth remain limited. As the low income population in Federal Way continues to grow, pressure on these services will continue and increase. ! : 3. Immigrant, refugee and non-English speaking families and individuals require counseling services that' are culturally and linguistically appropriate. Counseling services report difficulty reaching these populations effectively. Not only is translation required, but different models of service may be required. Diversification of service providers or greater investment in developing culturally appropriate services within mainstream agencies is!likely to be required. : GOAL #3: PROMOTING S~LF-SUFFICIENCY Agencies funded by the 9ity of Federal Way . ACAP Child and Family Services - Subsidized child care . Catholic Community Services - In home chore services for elderly and disabled persons . South King County Mul~i-Service Center and the Federal Way Norman Center YMCA - CARES before and after-school child care in 11 different schools . Center for Multi-Cultural Health - Education, advocacy and case management to help refugees and immibrants overcome barriers to self-sufficiency 111-8 . Elderhealth Northwest - Adult day health services . Federal Way Community Caregiving Network Job Center - Pre-employment services and support . South King County Multi-Service Center - Tutoring, basic adult education and English as a Second Language training, and employment services including work readiness . Washington Women's Employment and Education - Job readiness training, career exploration, and computer applications training to increase employability Capacity Issues A number of issues affect both demand for self-sufficiency services and the capacity of providers to offer these services. 1. Welfare reform has an impact most directly on literacy, job readiness, job training and job placement services. Under welfare reform, the focus on job training is short- term and oriented to specific job placement at the end of the training program. This has changed the focus of providers in order to offer training that meets DSHS requirements and is accessible to WorkFirst recipients. 2. As welfare reform has proceeded, the welfare caseloads have been significantly reduced. Providers report that those who were most able to join the workforce have in most cases done so. Those who remain on welfare face multiple barriers to employment - lack of language capacity, low educational attainment, mental health and substance abuse disorders, and/or lack of basic living skills. 3. Lack of basic educational resources that prepare individuals for self-sufficiency and success in the workplace is a problem for employers, and is also a problem for providers who are trying to prepare individuals for employment. 4. Lack of an adequate supply of child care is a barrier for families where a parent or both parents are seeking work. State and county subsidy rates for child care services are in many cases below prevailing rates for these services. This limits the supply of child care slots that can be subsidized for low income parents seeking work. The City of Federal Way does provide subsidies for child care at 11 local schools through the CARES program. 5. Projected growth in the elderly population, particularly in the frail elderly population of persons over 85 years of age, is likely to place increasing pressure on in-home support services for elders and to increase the need for adult day health programs 6. The trend towards reliance on community care for persons with disabilities, combined with a trend towards longer life-spans among persons with disabilities, will increase the need for in-home support services to help persons with disabilities live independently in the community. 7. Continued growth in the immigrant and refugee population in Federal Way, driven by availability of affordable housing and by the existence of a core of immigrant communities within the City is likely. This will continue to create a demand for services that support limited English speaking residents in acculturation and integration in the economic and civic life of the community. 111-9 GOAL #4: BUILDING STRO~G NEIGHBORHOODS Agencies funded by the Cit1Y of Federal Way . Crisis Clinic - Information and referral to callers seeking local resources. . World Vision - One-to-one tutoring and mentoring for elementary school students at risk of academic failure. . School-In-Lieu - Tutoring and educational environment for students who have been suspended from Federal Way School District junior and senior high schools. Capacity Issues Building strong and cohesiva neighborhoods is a challenging project in any relatively new city. Federal Way faces additional challenges in this effort. 1. Most residents work out$ide the City, limiting their time for community involvement to non-working hours. Many face lengthy commutes, which affect their ability to participate in outside acti~ities. 2. Federal Way has grown rapidly. Much of its development has historically focused on single-use housing development, rather than mixed-use development characteristic of in-city neighborhoods. 3. Increased diversity in the population - particularly including recent immigrants and refugees with limited EnSjlish-speaking capacity - create challenges as neighbors seek to communicate and find common ground. The City's Neighborhood Program, however, is seeking to build networks of communication that may create the infrastructure around which neighbors come together and build cohesion beyond $pecific projects or emergency response. Conclusion Since the City of Federal Way set its initial human services priorities, there has been no reduction in need for fundin!(J in these priorities. Indeed, particular pressures - identified in this report - will contribute to continued need in each of the priority areas. In summary, these factors include: . The increasing gap between income classes, and the difficulty which low income residents of the City increasingly face in making ends meet. . Pressure on individuals and families making the transition from welfare-to-work, often at the lowest end of the wage scale. These families trade only slightly increased income for new costs, including child care, reliable transportation, and loss of time in which to seek services and supports. . The need for language and culture appropriate services to meet the needs of immigrant and refugee ~amilies. These services require translation services, which are expensive. In addition, they may require specific service delivery models which are different than existing agency services, including in-home outreach, services combined with socialization opportunities, and whole-family service delivery models. 111-10 . Continued losses in federal and state funding for services. These losses increase pressure on providers seeking to maintain service levels. It also increases the extent to which providers will turn to the City of Federal Way and other local funders for support of their services. 111-11 SECTION '. (/r¡'eJ¡fl a/. r /æÞ1 (/ /9:?¡:; City of Federal Way / Human Services Comprehensive Plan /1996 HUMAN SERVICES SYSTEM city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan HUMAN SERVICES DELIVERY SYSTEM A. General Description This section of the City of Federal Way's Human Services Comprehensive Plan will provide an overview of the service delivery system available to City residents. A general description of types of organizations and the services they provide are listed below. Relevant trends and policy changes in human services delivery are highlighted, as well as service capacity considerations in the priority areas identified by the Federal Way City Council. The conclusion highlights factors that impact the design of the human services strategies, which will be the last section of the plan. Private Non-profits The diverse system of private non-profit social and health service agencies is the predominant resource available to meet the needs oflow income persons in Federal Way. Development oflocal non-profit agencies has not kept pace with the population growth of the City since 1980. Most of the service providers located in the City serve small numbers of people. Because of this, City residents rely on many regional services, often traveling to other cities to get assistance. In recent years, more regional service providers have responded to needs in Federal Way through satellite offices, outreach services and other arrangements to improve access to their services by Federal Way residents in need. Services provided by non-profit agencies include: emergency assistance of food; shelter; clothing; medical and dental care; crisis and victim assistance programs; counseling and advocacy services; classes and groups to develop skills (anger management, parent training, peer support, literacy, job training); drug and alcohol abuse treatment; transportation assistance; recreation programs; and many more. Appendix A contains a list of major service providers located in Federal Way and agencies serving significant numbers of Federal Way residents. Governmental Services The primary role of government regarding social and health services is through funding of private non-profit agencies and setting policies and legislation that require certain services and models of delivery. There are specific areas in which government does provide direct services, which are outlined below: III-l City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Seattle-King County Department of Public Health The Department of Public Health of Seattle-King County provides certain categories of personal health services to indivi4uals. These include immunizations; treatment and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases; tuberculosis control; AIDS education and testing; and family planning services. Public health nurses provtde outreach, health education and home-based services to young children and their parents in casbs where there is concern of potential child abuse and neglect. Maternity support sérvices are also provided to pregnant women who need education and support to adequately care for their fetus and infant. The Federal Way Public ~ealth Clinic operates specialized clinic services weekly, including an adolescent clinic as well as maternal and child health services. Also, it serves as the local provider of the federal Women, Infant and q1Îldren Program (WIC Program) which serves 1,850 clients each month. This program provides vþuchers for basic nutritional food items such as milk, cheese and cereal for underweight and an emit low income children five years old and younger. ! The Public Health Clinic ahfo serves as the primary care provider for children up to 21 years old, as a provider within the Healthy Options Program and for the uninsured. The Public Health Clinic has a sliding fee scale based on income, with the minimum payment zero. Childbirth education classes, parenting classes, and classes for new mothers and infants are offered. Interpreters are provided when needed. Federal Way School District As the public institution providing educational training to children, the Federal Way School District has a primary role in provision of supportive services for children. The District collaborates with many service agencies, providing use of school facilities for on-site services, and making referrals to children and families. Many community-based agencies use school facilities to provide services on-site. These include: child carel programs; Head Start and ECEAP (Early Childhood Education Assistance Program); and before and after school programs. Federal Way Youth and Family Services, Valley Cities Counseling, the Boys and Girls Club, and YMCA offer services in schools, with once or twice per week schequles. The District operates a Student Assistance Program, an intervention program ITom kindergarten through grade 12 thdt refers children for assessments and services. Using a team of teachers who volunteer to participate, the program links students with behavioral problems to appropriate services, for drug and alcohol assessments at the secondary level, and offers risk- prevention assessments for students who have been disciplined for weapons or other violence-related issues. Federal Way Schools also provide drug/alcohol education, violence prevention training, and after-school activities in the junior high schools that focus on social skills. The alternative school, Truman High School, provides a full array of services on-site including mandatory drug/alcohol testing, support groups, counseling, and a'nger management training. III-2 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan City of Federal Way The City's Park, Recreation and Cultural Services Department develops and manages a system of parks and recreation activities for City residents. Three citizen commissions work with Parks Department staff in fulfilling its responsibilities, including an Arts Commission, Parks Commission and Youth Commission. The Department's Comprehensive Park, Recreation and Open Space Plan completed in 1995 reports population projections of 113,050 by the year 2020, and details goals for land acquisition as well as parks and ballfields development to accommodate the growing population. A wide range of direct services are provided by the Parks Department; such as: recreation, education services, and cultural opportunities; arts and crafts classes; and youth athletics. Youth athletic programs included 5,600 participants in 1994 and adult atWetics included 4,251 persons that same year. The Parks Department has been providing $3,000 to $5,000 in recreation class fee subsidies every year to enable participation by low income residents. In 1996, class fees have been increased and due to budget constraints the Department is evaluating other ways to provide scholarships. The CARES Program, funded through the City's Human Services Division is also a service of the Parks Department. This program pays child care subsidies for low income working parents. The Klahanee Lake Community/Senior Center is a City facility serving seniors and special populations with podiatry services, senior rights assistance, a senior lunch program, and a Korean Elder Lunch program. This center serves approximately 200 seniors per year. Agencies also provide services in the facility including Meals on Wheels and the Senior Transportation Program. Teen activities are provided at the Klahanee Center: a Friday late night program, basketball games and special events are managed by Parks Department staff. King County Department of Youth Services, Division of Juvenile Parole Housed locally at Truman High School, King County Youth Probation Officers have a full range of services to provide in their community supervision of Federal Way youth on probation and parole. Services include close supervision of the Community Placement Plan such as requirements for school attendance; drug testing and treatment; counseling services for youth and/or their families; job placement assistance; and other services as needed. Currently approximately 125 juveniles are on the Federal Way caseload. III-3 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Volunteer and Church ~ased Programs I Federal Way has many churches that provide limited emergency assistance. Aside from the churches that participate in the weefly community suppers, the assistance available consists of small amounts of food, clothing, transportation funds or emergency rent money, arranged by appointment or to congregation members. ¡ Volunteer and church orgapizations also provide a variety of support programs. Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymo~s, and AI-Anon (groups for adult children, family members, and mends of alcoholics) are sponsored in many church facilities. Special programs for youth, including tutoring, mentoring and recreation programs are also provided. Appendix A also lists local churches that have on-going human services programs. B. Trends The description of service~ and the list of organizations in Appendix A convey an image of a wide array of assistance availablf to help citizens in need. But as our case study at the beginning of this plan illustrates, the reality of~ccess is much more limited. In this section, the plan will review trends and policy changes that effect local human services in City Council priority service areas. Significant changes are occurring tr~m the federal level downward which impact the human services system that Federal Way low incoIJ1.e residents rely on. A brief overview of these major factors will be taken into account in designing¡ City of Federal Way human services strategies. Moving authority down to ¡the local level I A significant trend moving forward during this time is the delegation of authority from the federal to the local level. Federal funding and regulations will most likely be reduced and in many cases block granted, greatly reducing the federal role in categorical funding. The states, counties and municipalities will have increased authority in maintenance and delivery of "safety net" services and specialized human services support ~ystems. One expected change is in the federal funds for homeless shelters and support services. The City of Federal Way may choose to be a more active participant in designing policy at the state an~ county level. The King County Consortium, of which Federal Way is a member, will expand its tole in managing resources to include other regional services. It is anticipated that, as federal funps are block granted to the states, the allocation totals will be reduced. This situation will create pressure on local governments to increase funds for services and create pressure on agencies to continue to serve more people with less funds. Reductions in federal funds Reductions in federal support have impacted a number of areas of health and social services. As the recent federal budget deliberations inØicate, the debate arounct-.human services funding has not III -4 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan been. about whether to cut or not, but about how much to cut. Preparing for these federal funding reductions is essential for local governments and non-profit agencies. The South King County Multi-Service Center, along with other CAP (Community Action Programs) agencies have had significant funding reductions. The LIHEAP (Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program), went from a funding level of $1,414,134 in 1994, to $1,280,200 in 1995, to $1,045, 188 in 1996; a loss of $368,946 since 1994. This major reduction in federal support for energy assistance puts more households at risk of homelessness. Additionally the same agency lost an additional $91,780 in other federal emergency funds from 1995 to 1996. The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP), which supplied USDA food to food banks and food distribution centers, was eliminated in 1996. This program distributed 1.8 million pounds of food commodities in Washington State in 1995. Local food banks are not able to make up that loss with local donations. Reductions are anticipated in many areas of federal funding in the next few years. Major changes in how federal housing support will be provided in the future effect local government's options for increasing low income housing stock, effect local housing authorities' budget resources and policies, and impact low income citizens in need of housing assistance. The federal Deparment of Housing and Urban Development (RUD) will expect housing authorities to become more self sufficient, resulting in many housing authorities adopting policies to raise rents and take higher income households. With the elimination of Federal "preferences," a policy which gave homeless and domestic violence victims higher priority, obtaining housing for homeless families may become more difficult. Without increased housing stock, these changes result in fewer resources for low-icome individuals and families. State and local governments need to take an assertive and proactive role in planning for the housing needs of all income levels in their jurisdictions. Role and funding by King County As more areas incorporate, King County's tax revenues are reduced and the County is reevaluating its responsibilities in funding human services within incorporated areas. Important negotiations will continue between King County and suburban cities regarding funding levels and definitions of regional and local services. Along with other suburban cities, Federal Way policy makers are participating in these deliberations. The Regional Policy Council will be reviewing process recommendations as designed in the King County Community Services Strategic Plan. SeIVices affected by this plan, and potential King County cuts it may call for, include funding of youth service bureaus, child care subsidies, senior centers, domestic violence victim services, emergency shelter funding and others. III-5 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Health Care Delivery System The expansion of the Healthy Options Program by the state legislature in 1995 has increased financial accessibility to medical I services for families and individuals up to 200% of poverty, and I dental services for children. Sdll in the early implementation stages, the expanded coverage is increasing the number of low income persons with health coverage. Specialized staff to enroll patients and explain the new m~naged care systems to people on Medicaid are working to bring coverage to more persons who are eligible. Simultaneously, new 'self pay' systems have been put in place by clinics to collect the patient portion of coverage plans and improve their financial stability. I Expanded Medicaid reim~rsement is a significant improvement. However, the established Medicaid reimbursement rates do not cover costs. For clinics that have received federal approval to be called a Federally Qualified Heaffth Centers (FQHC), enhanced levels of Medicaid reimbursement are available that cover the costs of care. However for private doctors, the major source of medical care in Federal Way, the regular rates are inadequate to cover real costs. This is a great disincentive I for private physicians to take Me<ilicaid patients. The King County Prepaid IfIealth Plan now includes expanded mental health coverage for low income children. This is a dramatid change which for the first time enables providers to get Medicaid I reimbursement for a wide range 1f mental health services for youth and their families, up to 200% of poverty. Previously, the pubIicl)f funded mental health system provided coverage for severe mental illness only. Children with milder diagnoses, developmental and behavioral problems were not eligible for assistance. The new system increases financial reimbursement, and therefore access, to low income families and children. Ifowever, it is a highly bureaucratic process requiring intensive screening assessments and paperwdrk from agencies. Just begun in Apri11995, the many adjustments I to make this a smooth system are still in process. City of Federal Way Functions The City of Federal Wa)f is transitioning all police responsibilities from a King County contract to City management by Ndvember 1996. Using a community policing model, the new Public Safety Department intends to implement close relationships with citizens, schools, and businesses. The City will also begin prosecution of domestic violence cases within the City limits about the same time. These changes give the City greater opportunity to establish consistent approaches and coordinated follow through to increflse public safety, accountability and effective service delivery for the community. Close collaboration between systems supports effective intervention and can be continued and strengthened under: direct City management. III-6 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan C. Service Capacity Issues As our case study illustrated in the beginning of the Community Profile section, eligibility to receive a service is no guarantee that it will be available. The number of people an agency can serve is much smaller than the level of need. To deal with this gap, most organizations establish eligibility criteria to prioritize clients. Funders as well set up specialized requirements and timelines. In addition to the problems of limited capacity for vital services, for many low-income families challenges and problems are interconnected and it takes multiple solutions to resolve the situation. The adults may manage to get a couple challenges taken care of, but not the other three. Separate service systems with different intake processes, eligibility criteria, timelines and requirements, make seeking help frustrating and stressful. Additional complications of transportation difficulties and taking time off from work to get to services can seem insurmountable. For example, a working parent such as Irene in our case study in the Community Profile Section, may diligently seek a child care provider that will offer her a discount. She uses her lunch breaks to make phone calls and finally gets a slot in a daycare with a sliding scale arrangement. Irene and her 3 year old daughter Betty have to take two buses to get there and leave at 7:00 am. The before/after school program at her son Marcus' school is full and he then needs to get to school on his own. Marcus is developing problems at school, but Irene cannot take off work to go to the school' and meet with teachers. She gives her permission by phone and an agency counselor works with him. The counselor offers family support services, available during office hours while Irene is at work. Meanwhile, Irene's utility bill is overdue. Irene is stressed, preoccupied and overwhelmed with the problems that continue to crop up. An ordinary event for a person with adequate income, such as need for a child's eyeglasses, can be a big stress for a low income parent who cannot afford to replace them. Without accessible support services, Irene's ability to provide nurturing support to each of her children is at risk. Service capacity in a~eas related to City Council priorities: Council Goal #1 Support basic human needs throut!h fundint! of emert!encv services: Food and Clothing Assistance There are several major providers of basic needs for food and clothing in Federal Way, including a food bank, clothing bank, a community supper program twice a week, a clothing bank for children in the schools, and a regional Meals on Wheels program for seniors that provides services in the City. Churches and civic groups also provide food and other basic needs assistance on a limited or seasonal basis. 1995 service reports by agencies that receive City funding demonstrate a great increase in demand for service, and as noted earlier in the trends section, federal funding for some services has been shrinking significantly. Because the demand for assistance is so high, many Federal Way residents show up for help at agenci~s outside the Gty, such as the Catholic Community ~-< , ..""'- ~ III- 7 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Services office in Kent, which served 496 Federal Way residents with emergency assistance including rent assistance, food, gas, and other emergency items. I . The 1995 South King Copnty Multi-Service Center (SKCMSC) report illustrates the high demand for service, comparing actl¡Ial services provided to projections made by SKCMSC fi-om past service levels. Seventy six perce't (76%) of the people served by the SKCMSC Food Bank were Federal Way residents. The numb~rs reported below are all City residents. These statistics are actual unduplicated counts. I South King County Multi-Service Center EA' . P 1995 mergency sslstance rogram, Service Provided Projected Actual Unduplicated Clients 9,750 12,767 Food Bags 45,000 71,302 Clothing ¡ 4,000 5,483 I As noted earlier, reductio~s in federal commodities have greatly impacted food stocks available. The quality of food ba~s has gone down considerably without the cheese, canned fruits and vegetables and other staples trat were available from the federal government. With more hungry people coming for assistance, food bank volunteers distribute what they have available. Often this consists mainly of starcpes and miscellaneous donations that do not provide for balanced meals. Similarly, the "Clothes For Kids" Program experienced very high level of need in 1995. As is illustrated, Clothes For Kids' actual client intake exceeded projections in these areas over 200%. PTSA Clothes For ~ds Program, 1995 Service Unit ¡ Projected Actual Unduplicated Clients I 800 1,759 Clothing I 1,200 2,891 These numbers are not surprising, ¡given the data in Section I, the Community Profile, tabulating about 5,000 students in the Federal Way School District as eligible for the fi-ee or reduced lunch program. Local community agencies such as these should be highly commended for their hard work to meet increasing needs in the community. Both these programs, as well as many others, rely on volunteers and donations for a large percentage of the items they distribute fi-ee to low income persons. This cost-effective program provides a high level of service to City residents. III-8 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Emergency and Transitional Housing Federal Way residents rely on the regional emergency and transitional housing network for shelter services. In South King County, there are about 130 beds of emergency and transitional units for families run by the YWCA and the South King County Multi-service Center, and six shelter beds for homeless youth operated by Auburn Youth Resources. In the City of Federal Way, two programs provide vouchers at local motels, usually for 2-3 nights lodging. Because of the limited number of spaces available, these programs prioritize use of vouchers for severe weather and for homeless families. A Federal Way family in need of shelter may end up at any facility throughout King County, using whatever resource first becomes available. For single men, there are twelve units of transitional housing for young adults coming out of treatment. No other shelter facilities are located in the City. Reducing homelessness calls for adequate and varied housing stock and homeless prevention programs. The City's 1995 Comprehensive Plan outlines housing needs and policy and code development necessary to increase affordable housing stock for the City's current and future population. Implementing the City's affordable housing policies will be an important component in reducing the demand on emergency shelter services. Additionally the City's Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Four-Year Strategies, included as Appendix B, also provides related goals such as support for special needs housing. Continuing to participate in and utilize the housing resources of the King County Consortium, including housing development funds, the Minor Home Repair Program, HOME funds and the Housing Stability Project, are effective ways of preventing homelessness, maintaining existing housing and increasing affordable housing stock. Medical and Dental Care Access to medical and dental care are entwined in the changes brought about by health care reform and managed care. As noted in the trends section above, the state Healthy Options Program has expanded financial coverage for low income persons up to 200% of poverty. Children's medical and dental needs are now well covered, but many adults are still unable to obtain medical or dental care. In the City of Federal Way, service capacity is a major concern. There are still a limited number of health providers that will take Medicaid patients. St. Francis Hospital provides emergency room services, which can be utilized by any in a life-threatening situation. However non-hospital appointments for medical and dental are very difficult to get in Federal Way. The local Community Health Center dental clinic has a two and a half month wait for a dental appointment. Two emergency slots are available each day in the local Community Health Center medical clinic, scheduled at the day's opening. Increasing capacity to serve low income persons beyord the current level are a high priority. III-9 City of Federal Way Human Services Comþrehensive Plan Emergency Response and, Referral In addition to the 911 emergency line for police, fire and medical emergencies, phone assistance is available specifically for social service needs. The Crisis Clinic operates two phone services, the Crisis Line and the Çommunity Information Line, which assist individuals in identifYing appropriate resources ¡and provide updated information on availability of assistance, such as shelter vacancies. The F~deral Way Family Network has acquired a computer program so that volunteers can give thoroug~ and updated referral information for Federal Way residents in need. Most human service organIzations also provide extensive referral assistance to clients for the services which they do not provide. Council Goal #2 Support a stroOt! service delivery system that increases public safety: Victim Assistance Federal Way is fortunate tþ be part of a collaborative, regional system of support services for victims of domestic violence i~ King County. In South King County the Domestic Abuse Women's Network (DAWN) operates a shelter for women and children who are attempting to leave abusive homes. They proviðe client advocacy, women's and children's groups and other services to shelter residents. Additionally within the City of Federal Way the agency provides a full time community advocate, ruq.s a support group and offers a free legal clinic. The confidential shelter located in South King Co~nty increased capacity in 1995 from nine to fifteen beds. This is a small capacity for all of South K\ing County, given that 480 cases of domestic violence were prosecuted in Federal Way in 199~. In the area of sexual assau~t, Federal Way is also part of a collaborative, regional system of support services that has a national reputation for excellence. A plan has been developed to implement this system statewide. ~ng County Sexual Assault Resource Center (KSARC) provides crisis intervention, legal advocacy to assist in prosecution, and referrals for medical and mental health services. In the South King County region, KSARC provides the direct counseling and support services for child victtms of sexual assault, serving 151 Federal Way residents in 1995. , With both these service ar,as, close collaboration with police, the legal system and other human services is vital to assist thtvictims, hold perpetrators responsible, and break the cycle of violence. Many other community, ased agencies provide mental health services for people affected by these types of crimes; ~any survivors come for help years after the incidents have occurred. Services for victims, offenders and all family members impacted are important to bring resolution to these traumas and to I support people in moving on with healthy and productive lives. III -10 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Prevention and early intervention programs for youth and fami lies Evaluation of service models In the Community Profile Section, data was presented summarizing the high percentage of children and youth in the City, as well as data which highlights warning signs for potential crime and safety problems. Research documents that child abuse and neglect, and troubled family history are moderate predictors of adolescent delinquency and violence. This plan takes the position that one of the most effectivè roles for human services to improve public safety is through intervention and prevention of problems for troubled families and youth. Providing services at the early onset of problems have a better chance of success and can prevent more expensive and chronic service needs in the future. Extensive research has been conducted that evaluates the effectiveness of various program models to prevent delinquency and intervene with youth and families in trouble. In general, research shows that the most effective results are demonstrated in multi-component programs that include longer term interactions (more than one year). These programs are successful because they address more than one angle of a problem and are therefore more effective, and build a relationship over time. These elements produce experiences of success and change for youth and families that can have long term impacts. Multi-component programs are service models in which a range of services are provided to meet clients' needs, and/or programs that are flexible in the services they provide. For example, research measured that parenting programs which also included training of the child in social skills were more effective than programs that dealt only with the adults. "Client focused" is a term often used for flexible service models; meaning that instead of providing pre-determined services for a set period of time, the extent and range of services delivered are determined by the individual needs of the clients enrolled. Case management is often a bridge to this model, creating continuity with one person, the case manager, to assist the family through different agencies and types of services to successful resolution. Longer term programs are more successful because they build relationships. Short term intervention programs of three months for example, even with highly professional and intensive services, were not as effective in the long run as programs that established supportive relations over time. Short term programs that link families into sustaining sources of support, such as the Homebuilders Program, are much more successfuL After school recreation programs that aggressively recruit youth and maintain high participation rates area promising intervention for delinquency prevention. 1 In other words, programs that serve the whole family, the whole child's needs, and programs which build relationships are most successfuL The service system in Federal Way, as in the rest of the region, has been established based on categorical funding, creating a disjointed system of primarily single-issue programs and agencies. Low income families and youth'seldom have single issue needs, and resolving problems III-II City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan is especially difficult in an area li~e Federal Way, with limited public transportation. Agencies share referrals and network to sqrve clients, however much more needs to be done to improve effectiveness. Funders of services such as municipalities can contribute to solutions with incentives and changes in funding requirements. A challenge for the City i~ to use its' funding and local leadership to create a more cohesive system that is accessible¡ to youth and families and adequate to bring results. A promising approach to building a lasting corhmunity support system is to combine professional services which may be appropriately shortl term with community support systems that can be long term; to strengthen bridges between humah service agencies and neighborhood groups and activities that youth and families can become a part of. Examples of these kinds of community resources include tutoring and mentoring programs that involve local neighborhood volunteers, sports, recreation and art activities, peer support groups that include local volunteers, church and civic group sponsored activities, jobs placement programs and others that may be proposed. Human service programs that integrate youth into on-going community activities can increase the positive community experiences that youth and families have and increase their sense of opportunity. I Establishing partnerships ~etween community organizations can maximize local resources to benefit families and youth in neþd, and facilitate development of more effective program models. The City of Federal Way: has a number of organizations that provide recreation, classes and sports activities, including the City Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Services. The City has professional mental 'ealth, health care and substance abuse treatment agencies for children and families. The City ha¡s volunteer organizations with youth activities, including churches, civic groups and parent's groups. New programs and activities may need to be developed that are appropriate for older adolescents and youth that would be the focus of public safety concerns. In past communi~y forums and research conducted by the City's Neighborhood Assistance Program, many neighborhood organizations are concerned about youth issues and youth needs. Other City policies and priprities can support this model of strong community organizations and linkages to human services resources. The Comprehensive Plan of the City's Parks Department calls for increas~d parks and recreation facilities to meet the needs of youth and all City residents. Community poltcing models strengthen community programs and neighborhood associations by brin~ing positive interactions with law enforcement to residents. Referrals to human service agencies can provide assistance to troubled youth and families in early stages of difficulty. CDBG funds flay be used to support development of community facilities in low income areas of the City. Development of action plans and priorities for the city's adopted CDBG strategies can clarify ways in which these resources can support goals for youth programs and neighborhood development. CDBG priorities are listed in Appendix B: Federal Way's CDBG Four- Year Strategies. III-12 City of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan Council Goal #3 Provide support that supplements federal. state and county proerams desiened to increase self sufficiency and independence: Training for targeted populations Federal Way has a few programs that provide specialized training for low income populations that have barriers to accessing mainstream education and job training resources. These difficulties include adult literacy deficits, limited English-speaking skills, single parents on welfare and older women reentering the job market. These programs are important for breaking cycles of dependency or low wage jobs, and are cost effective in the long run. By providing small levels of funding, the City has encouraged regional programs to increase the availability of these services to City residents and provide training in Federal Way locations. Child care Availability of quality, affordable child care is an important resource for working parents. Child Care Resources reported that in 1995 the total child care capacity in the City of Federal Way consisted of 163 providers with 2,715 slots. There are approximately 7,500 children five years old or younger in the city. Parents of all income brackets have difficulty finding child care. For lower income working parents, these challenges are great. As our case study illustrated, the average costs of child care are a great burden for low income parents, averaging $447 per month for infants. Few subsidy resources are available. The CARES program, funded and managed by the City of Federal Way, meets a critical need but at current funding levels was able to serve forty seven families in 1995. Council Goal #4 Support service models that improve community-based collaborations and build strone neiehborhoods: The Federal Way City Council has initiated a Neighborhood Assistance Program to support its' vision of a strong sense of community and civic involvement in the City. The City has many factors that call for an intentional organizing process such as the Neighborhood Assistance Program. As a young city incorporated in 1990, Federal Way lacks adequate community institutions. The population has grown tremendously over the last ten to fifteen years, and a high percentage of people commute to work. Analysis by the Neighborhood Assistance Program staff documents that the majority of employed households living in Federal Way commute outside the city for work. Only 11 % of households live and work in the city; the group with the greatest investment and knowledge of their local communities. This poses problems for the goal of increasing community involvement. Strong cohesive neighborhoods are an important foundation for a safe community and healthy local institutions. Implementation of community policing as well as program models for youth and families discussed above are predicated on a local citizen base that is actively involved III-13 city of Federal Way Human Services Comprehensive Plan in their community affairs. Improwing community cohesiveness is a challenge in lower income neighborhoods that may experien<::e high turnover of residents and lack of resources. For the Human Services Plan and its focus on low income residents, strategies to utilize structured human services programs in collaboration with neighborhood groups can support the goals of strong neighborhoods and effective program services. Summary The City of Federal Way has a wide range of social and health services available to its citizens, both within the City and in surrounding areas. These services include governmental systems such as the King County Department of Public Health, the City Parks, Recreation and Cultural programs, financial support from DSHS, and others; non profit organizations that provide a wide range of assistance; and civic and church organizations that provide youth activities, emergency assistance and other support services on a smaller scale. Several collaborative, regional systems benefit Federal Way residents. These regional networks provide professional services to Federal Way citizens with small levels of City support, serving clients within and outside the City. These include the emergency and transitional housing network of agencies, the domestic violence services system and sexual assault services system, among others. Recent changes and expect~d trends in funding and system priorities effect human services delivery for Federal Way residents.. Positive impacts include the expansion of the state Healthy Options Program, providing health care financing for families up to 200% of poverty, and changes in the state mental health system, creating financial access for mental health treatment for lower income youth and their families. Negative impacts include reductions in federal funding for energy assistance and food commodities. The delegation of authority from the national to local level will create opportunities and challenges for local innovations in services; many observers project with fewer total dollars. The Federal Way City CouIllcil has identified four priority goals for its' human services plan: supporting basic human needs, increasing public safety, supporting self sufficiency programs and building strong neighborhoods. Examination of services related to these goals document that the level of need for low income residents significantly surpasses availability of resources in key areas. Food assistance, shelter and services for homeless youth, dental care for lower income residents, and affordable childcare are highlighted. Support for domestic violence and sexual assault services continue to be a public safety priority. Research results for effective youth and family early intervention programs are briefly summarized that suggest strategies for service improvements. Programs which offer multiple services to clients and facilitate long term relationships are more successful. Supporting increasing linkages between agencies and community organizations will improve outcomes for youth and families, and support the City goal of strengthening neighborhoods. III-14 I I I S:ECTION 4 HUMAN SERVICES COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OCTOBER, 1999 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan HUMAN SERVICES STRA TEGIES This last section of the Human Services Comprehensive plan outlines policies and funding priorities adopted by the Federal Way City Council, designed to support City goals established for human services. Human services strategies are designed to maximize the benefit of the City's role as a supplemental funder and local policy maker. Implementing City Council Goals The Strategies Rationale section establishes specific objectives for the four City Council goals and lists City strategies designed to achieve results. The rationale presents a concise summary of the relevant need data in the plan for each objective, listed under the heading Community Concerns. Factors in service availability, system gaps and strengths for each objective are listed under the heading Current Service Conditions. Finally, City strategies are listed to address the needs and support the objectives identified. With this format, the data in this plan is pulled together, organized by the Council goal, related objectives, problems and service conditions that result in specific City strategies. Recommendations for City Policy The Policy Recommendations Summary that begins on page IV-8 presents a one- page summary of all City strategies for each goal. Recommendations that will guide City funding decisions are listed first, followed by other City policy recommendations that can support each goal. Additionally, key partnerships important for successful implementation are noted. These partners represent other organizations or City functions outside of the human services division whose activities impact the human services objectives. This is by no means a complete list of partnerships important to achieve the positive outcomes desired, but represents key organizations. By collaboration with other major players in the community, the City's influence as an effective leader and supplemental funder is enhanced. Strategy Implementation An Ongoing Process Implementation of the human services strategies will be an on-going process. Refinement of mutually beneficial policies between City departments will continue as collaborative efforts identify system improvements that can be made. These integrated City policies can include responsibilities such as the programs of the Parks Department and Arts Commission, the community policing model, the prosecution of domestic violence cases, and implementation of the City's affordable housing policies. Continued policy collaboration with the Federal Way School District, the King County Consortium, and other South King County cities regarding human services and community development block grant activities is also vital for successful implementation of City goals. IV-l City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan I I Partnerships with Human S,rvice Agencies Key to Success As the primary provider of services to low-income persons, the non-profit organizations that the City comtacts with for service delivery are central to success. City funding can provide incentives for particular programs or methods of service provision, but the City will rely on the agenci~s and other organizations to design and implement services in the community. Negotiatiol1 and joint identification of mutual goals and evaluation tools between the City and City-funded programs will produce supportive ways to measure success for service recipients, and identify needed improvements. HUMAN SERVICES STRA TEGIES A. STRA TEGIES RA TIONALE GOAL #1 : Support basic tIIuman needs through funding of emergency services Objective A: . Have adequate emergE¡!ncy shelter resources to meet priority crisis needs. Community Concerns: . A survey of South King County emergency shelter providers indicated that approximately 1,200 City residents were sheltered in 1995. More than 150 homeleSs children enrolled in Federal Way School District in 1995. In the first two months of 1996, 53 homeless youth were contacted by the Homeless Youth OutreFlch Program.1 An undetermined number of homeless single adults camping in wooded areas and sleeping in cars. Many Federal Way residents are at risk, due to low incomes and high housing costs. An estimate of 3,498 households are paying more than 30% of their income for rental housing.2 . . . . Current Services Condition$: . Federal Way residentswho become homeless rely on regional services for shelter, since there are no emergency shelter facilities in the City of Federal Way. Emergency shelter programs provide short term stays of 3-4 weeks; families bounce from provider to provider. . IV-2 City of Way Humnn Federal Services Comprehensive Plan . Short emergency shelter stays of one month or less increase experience of crisis and upheaval for families and children, and expend efforts of clients and staff in multiple short term stays instead of long term resolution. Local voucher programs meet crisis shelter needs by providing 2-3 nights motel lodging. There are no local shelter services for homeless teens, and only a few youth shelter beds exist in all of South King County. Funding for emergency and transitional housing is expected to decrease from King County and federal funding sources in the coming years. . . . Strateaies: . Maintain stable City funding for shelters and transitional housing services. Support longer stays in emergency shelters by funding bed nights rather than number of clients, to reduce duplication and increase resources expended on longer term solutions. Collaborate regionally with other funders to sustain the regional shelter system. Support development of a youth transitional housing program in Federal Way. Implement the City of Federal Way's affordable housing strategies. . . . . GOAL #1: Support basic human needs through funding of emergency services Objectives B: . Have adequate service systems for food and clothing assistance to meet basic needs. Have adequate access to basic services for low income frail and/or homebound elderly. Have adequate access to emergent and basic medical and dental care for low income residents ineligible for health coverage. . . Community Concerns: . Almost 10,000 persons, about 13% of the Federal Way population, are at 50% of median income or below; many relying on food and clothing banks to meet basic needs.3 About 5,000 Federal Way School District children receive free or reduced lunches due to low incomes of their families. Low income seniors who are frail and/or homebound need assistance to meet their basic needs. Emergent and basic medical and dental care are vital for all citizens; lack of services leads to more expensive care in the future. IV-3 . . . City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan Current Services Conditions,: . Local programs provide efficient basic assistance utilizing high number of volunteers. Over 71,000 bags of focpd were distributed by the main food bank in Federal Way, to over 12,000 unduplicated City residents in 1995,63% above projections.4 . Over 1,700 Federal Way school children used the school based clothing bank in 1995, more than doubla the projections for the year. 5 A local branch of a regional senior services agency provides meal and transportation assistan~e to Federal Way seniors. Expanded Basic Health! Plan and new client fee policies have increased financial support for medical and dental care. The Community Health Center dental clinic has a two and one half month wait for dental services, and turns away 10-20 people each day due to lack of capacity.6 . . . . . Strategies: . Maintain stable City funding for feeding programs, food and clothing banks. Maintain stable City funding for senior transportation and meal programs. Support use of City fun(is to increase capacity of emergent and basic medical and dental services, or support related essential services not funded through other sources, such as þrescription medications. . . GOAL #2: Support a strong service delivery system that increases public safety Objective A: . Have adequate and effective support services for victims of violent crime. Community Concerns: . In 1995, the King Coun~ Prosecutor's office reported prosecuting 480 domestic violence cases. Women and children who experience domestic violence need support and advocacy services to end the cycle of violence.? The 1995 Federal Way Police Report documents 71 rapes, and 16 arrested for rape.8 The King County Sexual Assault Resource Center (KSARC) served 151 Federal Way residents for sexual assault. Of those, 47% were children under age 12.9 IV-4 . . City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan Rape and sexual assault cases require immediate and professional health, mental health and advocacy assistance for victim's recovery and for prosecution of perpetrators. Current Service Conditions: . King County has a nationally recognized collaborative system between law enforcement, the courts and non-profit agencies to provide sensitive and effective assistance to victims of domestic violence and sexual assault. Changing partnerships will be established in 1997 as the City implements its own police department and begins prosecution of domestic violence cases within the City limits through its own legal department. Federal Way families experiencing domestic violence can utilize the regional emergency shelter system for crisis housing assistance. Emergency access is limited due to the small number of units available county wide. Advocacy, support services and a free legal clinic for general information are offered in the City by a non-profit agency. A regional non-profit agency provides professional victim services and collaborates with law enforcement on sexual assault cases and is accessible to Federal Way victims. . . . . Strategies: . Maintain stable City funding for victim assistance services. Support collaborative relationships between the Federal Way Department of Public Safety, the Legal Department and non-profit service providers in cases of domestic violence and sexual assault. . GOAL #2: Support a strong service delivery system that increases public safety Objectives B: . Have a human services delivery system that provides effective education, counseling and other services for troubled low income families to prevent youth crime and delinquency. Have an effective service delivery system that includes early intervention in youth problem behaviors that can lead to more serious crime. . Community Concerns: . In Federal Way over 800 cases of child abuse or neglect are accepted by CPS each year. IV-5 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan . Lack of parenting skills, anger management problems, and abuse of alcohol and drugs contribute to beh~vior problems in children. Juvenile crime and delinquency are a significant concern in the City, accounting for up to 40% of auto thefts.1O The Federal Way School District report documents 1,682 incidents of violence, drug/alcohol use, weapons and other crimes on school grounds in 1994-1995 school year. School policies expel youth for full duration of the year in some cases, resulting in youth in the community with no structured education resources. . . . Current Services Condition~: . Studies document linkages between dysfunctional or abusive families and juvenile crime and other delinquent behaviors. The King County mentql health system now provides funding for treatment services for children and families up to 200% of poverty, including individual and family services. The Federal Way School District provides a range of services on-site, including collaborations with cournseling and drug/alcohol treatment agencies. Studies document that successful intervention programs meet multiple needs for adults and children in tl1le families, and build long term relationships. Most agency services fpr teens and low income youth are problem focused and short term. Federal Way lacks adequate neighborhood systems to support positive youth development. . . . . . Strateaies: Provide funding for services for youth and families at risk of violence, child abuse and neglect, or substance abuse that links professional services with other community support. Support prevention and early intervention programs for troubled families and youth that include neiglhborhood-based and outreach services in the community. Collaborate with Feder~1 Way human service agencies, community organizations, youth group, schools and churches to increase community support systems for yo~th. Continue inclusion of low-income participants in the City's Parks Department activities, and evaluate potential for linkages between Parks programs and human service agencies. GOAL #3: Provide support that supplements federal, state and county programs designed to increase self sufficiency and independence. . . . . Obiectives: IV-6 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan . Have employment support services in the City that enable low income families to work. Have successful training and job placement programs in the City of Federal Way that increase the economic self sufficiency of low income City residents. Have a variety of avenues available for motivated low income City residents to improve their economic independence. . . Community Concerns: . Inadequate child care capacity and high cost of childcare prevent many low income parents from maintaining employment. A significant proportion of low income residents have inadequate job skills to improve their financial earning power. Many motivated low income persons need specialized assistance in order to utilize the mainstream education and training resources in the community, such as language barriers or literacy problems. . . Current Services Conditions: . Data suggests there are inadequate child care resources in Federal Way: 2,715 licensed day care slots in a city with over 14,000 children under 12 years old, with costs inaccessible for low-wage working families. The City sponsors CARES is a successful child care subsidy program for low income working parents, one of the few subsidies available on a continuing basis. A few agencies offer programs in Federal Way that increase skills for self sufficiency, targeting populations that need special assistance to utilize mainstream education and training systems. City funding helps these programs leverage other funds to provide training to Federal Way residents. . . Strateaies: . Maintain City funding for provision of effective self sufficiency programs in Federal Way. Maintain City funding for employment support services, including child care assistance. . IV-7 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan GOAL #4: Support servicE;t models that improve community-based collaborations and build strong neighborhoods. Obiectives: . Have a strong sense of community and neighborhood that increases perception of safety and security. Have human services delivery systems that can enhance mutual citizen support and civic involvement. . Community Concerns: . Lack of cohesion and sense of identity in neighborhoods is a general concern in Federal Way. i Research shows lack of neighborhood cohesion and identification is a factor in crime and delinquencY.1 . Current Services Conditions: I Federal Way has a large population of children and teens and few facilities and activities for youth and families. The City's Neighborhoqd Assistance Program shows that crime prevention and services for youth are high community priorities. A high level of community involvement and volunteerism are important for the City's vision for safe neighborhoods and strong community identity. . . . Strateaies: . I Collaborate with the City's Neighborhood Assistance Program in targeted areas to implement community priorities that involve human services. Implement previously li$ted strategies: neighborhood-enhanced models of service delivery, and strengthen linkages between human service agencies and community groups; to i~crease sense of community and strengthen neighborhood support systems. Develop actions and prjority projects, based on adopted strategies, for use of CDBG funds that improve neighborhoods and neighborhood facilities for low income areas of the City. I . . IV-8 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan HUMAN SERVICES STRA TEGIES B. POLICY RECOMMENDA TIONS SUMMARY GOAL #1 : Support basic human needs through funding of emergency services. Funding Recommendations: . Maintain stable City funding for shelters and transitional housing services. . Maintain stable City funding for food and clothing banks. . Maintain stable City funding for senior transportation and meals programs. . Support development of a youth transitional housing program in Federal Way. . Support use of City funds to increase capacity of emergent and basic medical and dental services, or support related essential services not funded through other sources, such as prescription medication. . Allocate 37% of available human services funding to the basic need services. as described in this section. Policy Recommendations: . Support longer stays in emergency shelters by funding bed nights rather than number of clients, to reduce duplication and increase resources expended for longer term solutions. . Collaborate regionally with other funders to sustain the regional shelter system. . Support development of youth transitional housing program in Federal Way. . Implement City of Federal Way's affordable housing policies. Key Partnerships: . Continue coordinated services with City of Federal Way Community Development Services for permits and public process requirements for shelter facilities. IV-9 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan . Collaborate with the King County Consortium and suburban cities to maintain the system of shelter faciliti~s as other funding resources are reduced and/or block granted. . Collaborate with service providers, the King County Consortium and other funding sources to establish a youth transitional housing facility in Federal Way. . Continue collaboration with King County Consortium for the minor home repair and housing stability fund programs, using other funding resources. GOAL #2: Support a strong service delivery system that increases public safety . Funding Recommendations: ¡ . Maintain stable City funping for victim assistance services. I Provide funding for effective intervention services for youth and families at risk of violence, child abuse or neglect, or substance abuse. . . Support effective prevefltion and early intervention programs for families and youth that include neighborhood-based and outreach services in the community. Key Partnerships: . I Support collaborative r~lationships between the Federal Way Department of Public Safety, the Federal Way School District and local human service providers. . Collaborate with local organizations including human service agencies, community organizations, youth groups, churches, hospitals and businesses, to increase long-term comlmunity support for youth. . I Continue inclusion of low-income participants in the City's Parks Department activities, evaluate potE¡mtial for increasing linkages between Parks Department programs and human service agencies. . Continue City involvement in positive recognition events of youth, and other activities of the Youth Commission and Arts Commission. IV -10 City of Way Human Federal Services Comprehensive Plan GOAL #3: Provide support that supplements federal, state and county programs designed to increase self sufficiency and independence. Fundina Recommendations: . Maintain stable City funding for provision of effective self sufficiency programs for targeted populations in Federal Way. . Maintain stable City funding for employment support services, including child care assistance. Key Partnerships: . Explore increased collaboration between human service agencies and local education and training programs in the City, such as community colleges, to increase participation by low income Federal Way residents in existing programs, and to increase the variety of training and job assistance services for low income residents and targeted populations. GOAL #4: Support service models that improve community-based collaborations and build strong neighborhoods. Funding Recommendations: . Implement previously listed strategies: neighborhood-enhanced models of service delivery, and strengthen linkages between human service agencies and community groups; to increase sense of community and strengthen neighborhood support systems. Policy Recommendations: . Collaborate with the City's Neighborhood Assistance Program in targeted areas to implement community priorities that involve human services. . Develop actions and priority projects, based on adopted strategies, for use of Community:Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds that improve neighborhoods and neighborhood facilities for low income areas of the City. Key Partnerships: . Continue to work with the King County Consortium in projects that maintain affordable housing stock and develop affordable housing. IV -12 APPENDIX A ORGANIZATIONS RROVIDING HUMAN SERVICES TO FEDERAL WAY RESIDENTS The ".:." symbol denotes an agency or program that has been added for the 1999 plan update. NON-PROFITS AUBURN CHRISTIAN ACTION PROGRAM!(ACAP) 33431 - 13th Place S. Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 833-7002 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT SERVICES .:.A.P.P.L.E. Parenting provides positive parenting skills and child abuse prevention classes in Federal Way and other South King County locations. "Parents only" classes are for parents of children, ages 1-9. Lab classes, for parents of children, ages 1-5; parents then practice neW skills with their children in a supervised lab setting. Some transportation provided. Classes offered free of charge. Subsidized Child Care Program services Sol,lth Kind County and City of Federal Way residents who have children ages infant through kindergarten who are in need Of quality, affordable child care, and who are unable to find adequate financial support via other sources. ********** AUBURN YOUTH RESOURCES 816 F Street SE Auburn, WA 98002 (253) 939-2202 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: YOUTH SERVIICES; FAMILY SUPPORT; VICTIMS' ASSISTANCE; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL; EMERGENCY AND BASIIC SURVIVAL NEEDS; AND SELF-SUPPORT DEVELOPMENT Individual, group, and family counseling; $5-60 per hour. Alcohol and drug evaluations, counseling, and education. 24- hour crisis intervention and shelter placement for runaway and homeless youth. Various service areas: anger management; support groups for survivors of sexual abuse; youth employment services; supervision of young offenders; parenting classes; ESL classes; fqster home placement and information, referral and advocacy. The agency operates a youth outreach center in Federal Way. ********** BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE 181 S. 333rd Street, Suite 200 Federal Way, WA 98003-6307 (253) 927-1550/874-3630 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT; VICTIMS' ASSISTANCE Provide in-home family counseling and skill-l:I>uilding to strengthen and support families who are at high risk of child abuse and neglect or family violence. Condl,lcts research and dissemination of innovative service strategies. Provides training for other human service professionals. ********** 1 BIRTH TO THREE DEVELOPMENTAL CENTER 35535 - 6th Place SW Federal Way, WA 98023 (253) 874-5445 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT Provides infant stimulation, early childhood training and therapy to children with developmental delays. These services are provided both center based and in the community where children naturally are. Support is provided to families of enrolled children through classes, support group and individual development. ********** BOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF KING COUNTY Federal Way Club 30815 - 8th Avenue S. Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 941-2722 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: YOUTH SERVICES; FAMILY SUPPORT Provides a variety of services to all boys and girls including recreational and social activities, day camp, after-school care, job referral and classes. ********** CAMPFIRE (FEDERAL WAY) 2450 Star Lake Road Federal Way, WA 98003 (206) 461-8550 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: YOUTH SERVICES; FAMILY SUPPORT; SELF-SUPPORT DEVELOPMENT Year-round character-building programs for girls and boys, 5-18; promotes leadership and both environmental and intercultural awareness. Resident camps, summer day camps, and camps for children with disabilities. Home-based services for pregnant teens and teen parents, 14-19. Self-sufficiency classes for children 3-15. Saturday respite care for children, 18 months to 12 years old with disabilities, and their siblings. ********** CATHOLIC COMMUNITY SERVICES 1229 W. Smith Street P.O. Box 398 Kent, WA 98035 (253) 854-0077/874-4971 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EMERGENCY AND BASIC SURVIVAL NEEDS; FAMILY SUPPORT; SELF-SUPPORT Aid to the aging; alcohol services; counseling services; and emergency services. Children's mental health services, maternity, adoption, foster care, transition housing for pregnant teens and homeless families with children. ********** CENTER FOR COUNSELING AND LEARNING 33919 - 9th Ave. S, Suite 201 FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 927-6616 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE; FAMILY SUPPORT; YOUTH SERVICES; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL Provides general counseling, couple and family therapy, divorce mediation, disabilities and parenting. 2 ********** .:.CENTER FOR MULTICULTURAL HEAL l1H 105 14th Avenue, Suite 2C Seattle, WA 98122 (206) 461-6910 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider i Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE SELF-SUFFICIENCY; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL I The agency provides health advocacy and intensive case management services for immigrants and refugees and conducts community education classes on appropriate utilization of the health and human service systems, preventive health services and alternatives to Medicaid. They also conduct workshops for service providers to increase awareness of resources for immigrants and nefugees and the importance of health coverage to self-sufficiency. ********** CHILD CARE RESOURCES 841 N. Central, Suite 126 Kent, WA 98032 (253) 852-1908 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: INFORMATIOt'¡l AND REFERRAL Phone/internet information and referral for families in King County seeking child care. Technical assistance, information, training, and workroom for proviCi:lers in King County. Includes family child care and centers. Information about licensing procedures for prospective clhild care providers. ********** COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS OF KING COUNTY Federal Way Clinic 33431 13th Place S FederalWaY,WA 98003 (253) 874-7634 A Non- Profit Health Clinic I Human Services Category: HEAL TH/DENITAL CARE Provides medical and dental care, some slidirg fee. Well child care, immunizations and health screening. DSHS clients welcome. ********** CRISIS CLINIC - TELEPHONE SERVICES Crisis Line - (206) 461-3222 Community Information Line - (206) 461-3200 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: INFORMATION AND REFERRAL Through the Crisis Line, trained volunteer phpne workers assist callers in personal crisis by offering emotional support and community resource information and ref~rral24 hours daily. I Through the Community Information Line, infprmation and referral specialists use a computerized data base of over 2,400 community service agencies to assist callers in locating agencies that may help them. The Bed Bank gives a current status of opening in many local emergency shelters serving women and children. ********** 3 CRISIS PREGNANCY CENTER OF KING COUNTY 30620 Pacific Hwy. S, Suite 110 FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 941-6110 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: INFORMATION AND REFERRAL; FAMILY SUPPORT; HEALTH CARE Provides free pregnancy tests, counseling, support services and alternatives to abortion for pregnant women. Referrals for temporary housing, clothing and furnishings, adoption, foster care, and other community resources. ********** DOMESTIC ABUSE VVOMEN'S NETVVORK (DAVVN) P.O. Box 1521 Kent, VVA 98035 (425) 656-4305 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: VICTIMS' ASSISTANCE Shelter for abused women, with or without children, in South King County at a confidential location, no fees. 24-hour domestic violence hotline for support, crisis intervention, and shelter intake. Support groups for abused women in SeaTac, Auburn, Renton, Enumclaw, Federal Way, and Kent, child care provided. Legal advocacy including limited legal consultation; information and referral to community resources; and community education about domestic violence. ********** .:.ELDERHEAL TH NORTHVVEST 800 Jefferson Street Seattle, VVA 98104 (425) 656-4030 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: SENIOR SERVICES A community-based adult day health center offering an array of health and social services to frail, elderly and disabled adults and their caregivers. The goals of the program are to provide health services such as nursing treatments, medication monitoring, foot care, dementia care and health education as well as assist with daily living activities. Locations throughout King county, including Renton. Transportation provided. ********** .:.EXODUS HOUSING P.O. Box 1006 Sumner, VVA 98390 (253) 862-6808 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HOUSING Exodus Housing provides transitional housing and support services for homeless families with children in South King and East Pierce counties. Their goal is to assist families to move form homelessness to permanent housing and self- sufficiency. Exodus families are housed in apartments units for a period of up to twenty months, with responsibility for paying 30% of their resources for rent and utilities. A case manager works with each family assisting in prioritizing goals, identifying assets and obstacles, and providing resources and support. Trained volunteer mentors work with the case manager to connect the households with child care, employment and training opportunities, and transportation, as well as to help build trusting relationships in the community where they have become homeless. ********** 4 FEDERAL WAY CLINIC 34507 Pacific Hwy. S, Suite 3 Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 874-2030 A For Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HEALTH CA~E Provides outpatient drug treatment services, methadone maintenance program and pre and post natal programs for patients who are pregnant. ********** FEDERAL WAY COMMUNITY CAREGIVING NETWORK 1200 S 308th P.O. Box 4717 Federal Way, WA 98063-4717 Emergency Services Phone: (253) 661-0505 Job Center Phone: (253) 952-4454 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider I Human Services Category: EMERGENCY SERVICES; SELF-SUFFICIENCY Provides services to the people of Federal W,ay and South King County through four programs. . FUSION: Transitional housing assistance to single women and their children. Helps families stabilize their lives and become self-sufficient. . Emergency Services: Emergency shelter and rent assistance to homeless people and families who are temporarily unable to make rent payments. Also as~ists with emergency food and transportation needs. . Community Supper: Provide hot meals two times a week. Monday 4:00 - 5:30 p.m. at Steel Lake Presbyterian Church and Thursdays 5:00 - 6:00 p.m. ~t Calvary Lutheran Church. . Job Center: Job counseling and job search assistance. ********** FEDERAL WAY EVERGREEN CLUB 2415 S 320th Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 839-2591 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: SENIOR SERVICES Provides recreational and social activities fori seniors. Services provided at Klahanee Community/Senior Center. ********** FEDERAL WAY FAMILY CENTERS 2626 SW 327th Street Federal Way, WA 98023 (253) 839-1546 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPAORT The Federal Way Family Centers develop a retwork of neighborhood centers to promote family and community Life. The agency works to enhance a sensei of community; increase community perception of safety; and encourage the use of family strengths. The Centers off~r a variety of programs, including supervised after-school activities, homework assistance, parenting education, :nglish as a Second Language for adults, computer classes, and related services. The Family Centers are located ~t Stonehaven Apartments, Laurelwood Garden Apartments and Appian Way Apartments. ********** 5 FEDERAL WAY PTSA CLOTHING BANK 31405 18th Ave. S FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 838-1821 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EMERGENCY SERVICES This program enables all children in the Federal Way school district to have the opportunity to acquire school quality, new and recycled clothing and eyeglasses. ********** FEDERAL WAY SENIOR CENTER 4016 S 352nd St. Auburn, WA 98001 (253) 838-3604 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: SENIOR SERVICES Provides adult day care, legal assistance, support groups, socializing, foot care, blood pressure check, massage, computer classes and food bank. ********** FEDERAL WAY YOUTH AND FAMILY SERVICES 33705 9th Ave South FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 839-6555 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT Provides drug and alcohol outpatient treatment and counseling, domestic violence programs, play therapy (ages 3-9), sexual abuse counseling & pregnancy prevention program. Services are provided for Federal Way residents; general counseling services to individuals, children, youth and families. Sliding scale fees. ********** FOSTER PARENT ASSOCIATION OF WASHINGTON 451 SW 10th #106 Renton,WA 98055 (425) 227-7110 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: YOUTH SERVICES; FAMILY SUPPORT SERVICES Provides free support and advocacy for foster parents statewide. ********** .:.FREEMONT PUBLIC ASSOCIATION 215 West Harrison Seattle, WA 98119 (206) 286-0115-Main Office (206) 461-3200-Housing Stability Program A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE; HOUSING Through the Housing Stability Program, Federal Way residents who are low- to moderate-income and are facing eviction or foreclosure can obtain emergency financial assistance, mortgage counseling, and/or advocacy and referral. ********** 6 GREEN RIVER COMMUNITY COLLEGE 12401 SE 320th Auburn, WA 98002-3699 (253) 833-9111/464-6133 Educational Facility Human Services Category: EDUCATION Provides comprehensive post-secondary an\j continuing educational programs, including adult basic skills, ESL classes, tutoring, vocational education, emplþyment center, short-term counseling, multi-cultural services, a women's resource center, and many other programs. . ********** .:.HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF SOUTH ~ING COUNTY PO Box 25383 Federal Way, WA 98093-2383 (253) 661-5126 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HOUSING Construct homes in the South King County ~rea for income-eligible first-time homebuyers. ********** HIGHLINE COMMUNITY COLLEGE Federal Way Campus 33320 151 Way South Federal Way, WA 98003 (206) 870-3757 EducaûonalFacilny Human Services Category: EDUCATION Provides comprehensive post-secondary and continuing educational programs, including basic skills, vocational training, counseling and career center, ESL cÞlasses with tutoring, a women's resource center, and programs for refugees, veterans, and persons with disabilities and many other programs. ********** HOMESTART TRANSITIONAL PROGRAM 1217 SW 308th St. FederalWaY,WA 98023 (253) 941-3167 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EMERGENCY ISERVICES Long term transitional housing for homeless" single men. ********** .:.HOMESIGHT OF SOUTH KING COUNTY 3405 S Alaska Street I Seattle, WA 98118 (206) 723-4153 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HOUSING Administers a first-time homebuyer program for low- to moderate-income purchasers in Federal Way, Kent, and Auburn. Purchase assistance includes a comprehensive homebuyer Education program and low-interest, deferred payment loans. ********** 7 .:.THE JOSEPH FOUNDATION The Noyes Transitional Home 2000 SW Dash Point Road FederalWay,WA 98023 (253) 838-1621 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HOUSING The Program provides transitional shelter in a stable environment for two families chosen from the Federal Way School District by an independent case management agency. The program targets homeless families, single or dual parent with children, especially under the age of ten. The program's objective is to successfully transition the client families to independent living and help them regain self-sufficiency. ********** KING COUNTY SEXUAL ASSAULT RESOURCE CENTER P.O. Box 300 304 Main Avenue Renton, WA 98057 (425) 226-5062 24-hour line 1-800-825-7273 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: VICTIMS' ASSISTANCE; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL 24 hour information and referral and crises intervention for victims of sexual assault and for their families. Assistance with non-emergency medical evaluations for children and teens. Legal advocacy through all aspects of the criminal justice system (police, interviews, court accompaniment) for children, teens and adults. Therapy and support services for child and teen victims and their families; therapy for adult survivors of childhood sexual assault. Community education and professional training available. Educational materials available on a wide variety of issues related to sexual assault. ********** KOREAN CHRISTIAN COUNSELING SERVICE 33320 Pacific Hwy. S. Bldg. 1 #107 Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 874-1411 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT, INFORMATION AND REFERRAL Counseling, English as a Second Language classes and domestic violence services. Counselors are bilingual. ********** LUTHERAN COUNSELING NETWORK 2415 S. 320th Street Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 839-1697 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT Provides individual, couples, and family counseling with some subsidies available for low income clients; evening sessions available. Family life education events on marriage enrichment, stress management, parenting, and other human growth topics. Consultation and training for churches and community groups. ********** 8 LUTHERAN SOCIAL SERVICES 36016 1st Ave. S Federal VVay, VVA 98003 (253) 735-9392 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPAORT Individual, couples, group, marriage and pre+marriage, and family counseling; fee support available; private insurance accepted. Speakers and consultation on str~ss, parenting, marriage enrichment, other human growth topics. Foster care and permanency planning for children i~cluding foster placement of children who have been severely abused or neglected. Foster parent training. Adoption ¡placement for infants and children with special needs. Information and referral; adoption facilitation; placement for r~fugees and limited English speaking youth in ethnically matched foster homes. ********** ORION INDUSTRIES 33926 9th Ave. S Federal VVay, VVA 98003 (253) 661-7678 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: SELF-SUFFIC'ENCY Provides rehabilitation programs for the vocationally disabled in a factory setting. I ********** PLANNED PARENTHOOD 1105 S. 348th, Suite 8-105 FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 661-7002 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL Medical services include contraception, sexually transmitted disease and pregnancy tests, breast and pelvic exams, low-cost abortions, and referrals for pre-natal care and adoption. Counseling on birth control, HIV, pregnancy, sexuality, and other topics. AIDS tests for law-risk men and women, including counseling. Minors do not need parental consent to receive services. Sliding scale f~es; medical coupons accepted. ********* REFUGEE FEDERATION SERVICE CENTtR 213 VV. Titus Street Kent, VVA 989032 (253) 852-5150 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: SELF-SUFFIciENCY Free employment services, immigration assibtance, counseling, resources, and advocacy for refugees. Staff is fluent in many Asian languages. Special ESL classe~, customized training, and other employment services for refugees referred through DSHS community service officers. ********** SALVATION ARMY 26419 16th South Des Moines, VVA 98198 (253) 946-7933 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EMERGENCY SERVICES Provides emergency assistance for families and individuals with basic subsistence needs. Financial assistance for rent and utilities as funding exists. Emergency food boxes provided. Clothing and prescription vouchers as funding exists. Motel vouchers for homeless individuals and families. 9 .:.SCHOOL-IN-LIEU 33759 9TH AVENUE SOUTH FEDERAL WAY, WA 98003 (253) 927-8131 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EDUCATIONAL School in Lieu provides an educational environment for students who have been suspended from Federal Way junior and senior high schools. Currently, the program works with the following schools: Saghalie, Iliahee, Lakota, and Sacajawea Junior High Schools and Federal Way high School. The program operates Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m. to 2:45 p.m. At School-in-Lieu, students work independently on the assignments sent by their teachers. ********** SENIOR SERVICES OF SEATTLE/KING COUNTY Klahanee Lake Community Center 33901 9th Ave. S FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 661-4151 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider and a Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: SENIOR SERVICES Volunteer Transportation Program; Meals on Wheels Program; Congregate Meals; health services and senior programming. Senior Rights Assistance (SRA) will provide information on powers of attorney, wills, probate, living trusts, Medicare supplement, long term care, Medicaid and group insurance. ********** SOUTH KING COUNTY MULTI-SERVICE CENTER 1200 S. 336th St. Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 838-6810 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: EMERGENCY AND SUPPORT SERVICES: SHELTER HOUSING, TRANSITIONAL AND LOW INCOME RENTAL HOUSING; LITERACY PROGRAMS; FOOD AND CLOTHING BANK; LOW INCOME HOME ENERGY ASSISTANCE; LONG TERM CARE ADVOCACY; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL; JOB READINESS PROGRAMS. . Emergency and support basic needs services are provided including emergency shelter, transitional housing and low-income rental housing. Emergency energy assistance for low-income renters and homeowners is available seasonally. The Federal Way Food and Clothing Bank provides food to residents of the Federal Way School District and clothing to residents throughout south King County. . Administers the Washington Long Term Care Ombudsman Program advocating for the health, legal and safety needs of individuals living in long-term care. Accepts, investigates and resolves complaints and concerns, and writes legislation to affect change. . Offers ESL, GED preparation, basic skills and citizenship classes and tutoring to residents living in south King County. Fees may apply; scholarships are available in some cases. . JobSUCCESS Program provides job readiness, resume building and job search skills, and barrier reduction services to welfare recipients. ********** 10 ST. FRANCIS COMMUNITY HOSPITAL 34515 9th Ave. S FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 838-9700 A Private Non-Profit Hospital Human Services Category: HEALTH CA~E . General and acute in- and outpatient medica' services. 24-hour emergency capability. Urgent care available for person without a physician. In and outpatien~ surgery. Special rehabilitation services, oncology clinic. Birth Center. Cancer, arthritis, and bereavement support ~roups and pastoral care. Public information forums. Special senior health classes and workshops. Medicare, medical coupons, and private insurance accepted. ********** VALLEY CITIES COUNSELING AND CONSULTATION 333011st VVay S Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 661-6634 A Private Non-Profit Health Center Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT Outpatient therapy services; consultation and education; wellness workshops; trauma recovery services; older adult services; homeless children's services; crisi~emergency services; day treatment services. 34709 Ninth Ave. S FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 927-5347 A Non- Profit Human Services Provider Services provided: HEALTH CARE; FAMI~ Y SUPPORT Offers a treatment program for perpetrators M Domestic Violence. Comprehensive, structured, evaluation and treatment services for people with mental health and chemical dependency problems. ********** VIRGINIA MASON CLINIC 33501 1st VVay S Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 838-2400 A Private Non-Profit Health Clinic Human Services Category: HEALTH CAR~ Full Service Medical Facility: Clinic hours are18:00 - 5:00 Monday through Friday. Urgent Care Clinic open 11 :00 - 8:00 Monday through Friday and 9:00 - 6:00 Satu~day and Sunday. ********** WASHINGTON ELKS THERAPY PROGRAM P.O. Box 110760 Tacoma, WA 98411-0760 (253) 472-6223 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Services provided: HEALTH CARE - SPEÇIALIZED SERVICES Provides physical and occupational therapy fþr developmental disabled persons under 21. ********** 11 WASHINGTON WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT AND EDUCATION 1209 Central Ave. South, Suite 105 Kent, WA 98032 (253) 859-3718 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: SELF-SUFFICIENCY Helps low-income or unemployed women and men, including welfare recipients, prepare for employment and find vocational training or jobs. Provides computer training to eligible low income individuals. All graduates of WNEE's programs receive one year of follow-up case management and retention services. No fees. ********** .:.WORLD VISION KidREACH 34834 Weyerhaeuser Way South FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 815-2064 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: PUBLIC SAFETY Kid Reach provides one-to-one tutoring and mentoring for students in grades one through six who have been identified by their teachers or counselors as being at-risk for academic failure and/or in need of individual attention. Tutors and students meet once a week for one to two hours during the school year with a goal towards decreasing juvenile crime and school drop-out rates by providing children with long-term relationships with caring adults. The objective is to improve scholastic achievement, increase acceptable school behavior, improve children's self-esteem, motivate parents to become more involved in their children's education and help build community collaborations. ********** .:.YMCA of Greater Seattle Federal Way Norman Center YMCA 33250 21st Avenue South FederalWaY,WA 98023-2875 (253) 838-4708 A Non-Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: RECREATION SERVICES; CHILD CARE; FAMILY SUPPORT Provides recreation opportunities for youth and families. Full-service child care program. ********** 12 GOVERNMENTSPONSO ED AQUATIC CENTER OF KING COUNTY 650 SW Campus Drive Federal Way, WA 98023 (253) 927-5173 I A Government Sponsored Recreation Ce~ter Human Services Category: . Provides public swimming, water aerobics ********** CITY OF FEDERAL WAY .:.Law Department 33530 1st Way S FederalWay,WA 98003 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: ADVOCACY The City's Victim's Court Advocate works Wi~ domestic violence victims to help them understand the prosecution process and communicate victim concerns t the prosecutor. The Victim Advocate also assists the victims in finding community services she may need such as mergency shelter, counseling, support groups, and other related services Parks, Recreation & Cultural Services Department 33530 1st Way S FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 661-4050 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPPRT; YOUTH SERVICES Provides a variety of services through its Re~reation Department, special events, programs for seniors and people with disabilities, and community recreation progr~ms. Neighborhood Assistance Program 33530 1 st Way S Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 661-4023 A Government Sponsored Program Human services Category: INFORMATIO~ AND REFERRAL Neighborhood Matching Fund - The Neighbqrhood Matching Fund is a program where the City partners with neighborhood, business and community ser\{ice groups to improve the quality of life in a neighborhood or the community as a whole. The City provides up to $2,500 for a wide range of projects. Groups match their requests by providing volunteer labor for their project, generating in kind gifts to the project or raising a cash match. Neighborhood Emergency Team Program - The Federal Way Neighborhood Emergency Team Program is the City of Federal Way's program to meet the need for decentralized community-based disaster response. Like Block Watch, NET encourages neighbors to work together~ participants will have critical responsibilities re-assigned and will not waste precious time figuring out what to do. 13 Public Safety Department 34008 9th Ave. S. FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 661-4600 A Government sponsored program .:.Human Services Category: EMERGENCY SERVICES/PUBLIC SAFETY In addition to full police services, the Police Department, focusing on Community-Oriented Policing, provides: Crime Prevention programs; Police Support Officer (PSO) services; Neighborhood Resource Centers in two at-risk communities, which include youth programs; Victim Assistance Program (including Domestic Violence Victims and other Victims of Crime); After-Hours Emergency Assistance Program; High School Resource Officers; Explorer Post Program; Citizen Academy; Volunteer Program and opportunities; Traffic School; Business/Residential/Commercial cooperation to improve quality of life and environmental issues within the City of Federal Way; and coordination with many human service agencies in the community. ********* DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES (DSHS) 1617 S 324th after January, 2000: 616 So. 348th Street Federal Way, WA 98003 Federal Way, WA 98023 253) 661-4900- A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT; EMERGENCY SERVICES; HEALTH CARE; AND HOUSING Services include: Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TAN F), Alcoholism and Drug Treatment and Support (ADATSA), Consolidated Emergency Assistance Program (CEAP), emergency assistance, food assistance, general assistance, refugee assistance, medicaid, and child care services. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICE 1313 VVest Meeker #102 Kent, VVA 98032 (253) 872-2665 - Children's Protective Services (253) 872-2664 - Family Reconciliation Services (253) 872-2270 - General Information (DCFS) A Government Sponsored Program Services include adoption services, child foster care services, child protective services, and family reconciliation services. DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES (DDD) 1313 VVest Meeker #102 Kent, VVA 98032 (253) 872-6490 - General Information DEPARTMENT OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION (DVR) 1715 S. 324th Place, Suite 300 FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 872-2722 - General Information ********** 14 FEDERAL WAY SCHOOL DISTRICT #210 31405 -18th Avenue S. Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 941-0100 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: EDUCATION Provides the DARE program; Student Assist~nce Program which facilitates services based on treatment plans when assessments result in need for intervention, Le. substance abuse; training on violence prevention; pre and after-school day cares and programs at various schools; ~ounseling agencies on site; drug and alcohol education; case management. ********** TRUMAN ALTERNATIVE HIGH SCHOOL 31455 - 28th S. Federal Way, WA 98003 (253) 838-1004 A Government Sponsored Program I Human Services Category: EDUCATION I Contract based education. Volunteering, parßnting classes, career programs, child care center. ********** ECEAP/HEAD START Early Childhood Education and Assistance Project/Head Start Federal Way School District 31405 18th Ave. S FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 945-2379 - Information I A Government Sponsored Program I Human Services Category: FAMILY SUPPORT; EDUCATION Provides state/federal funded pre-school programs for children of low income families to meet their emotional, social, health, nutritional and psychological needs. Health, vision, hearing, and developmental screenings; referrals to community resources and transportation located at most locations. Parenting classes. ********** HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (IHUD) 909 First Avenue #200 Seattle, WA 98104-1000 220-5185 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: SELF-SUFFICI!ENCY; HOUSING Federal housing programs for home buyers, ~omeowners, and tenants in multi-family and single-family housing. Information about FHA-insured mortgages; cÞunseling for homeowners having difficulties maintaining payments on federally-insured homes; referrals to HUD-approved housing counseling agencies. ********** 15 KING COUNTY DISTRICT COURT ADVOCACY PROGRAM 33506 - 10th Place S. Federal Way, WA 98003 (206) 296-7892 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: VICTIMS' ASSISTANCE Court-based legal advocates assigned to divisions of the King County District Courts provide direct services to domestic violence victims through civil and criminal court proceedings. Also coordinates services for victims, and provides legal training for other community-based organizations. ********** KING COUNTY HOUSING AUTHORITY 1103 - 9th Avenue SE Auburn, WA 98002 (253) 931-6392 (206) 244-9552 - Section Eight Housing A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: HOUSING Rental housing for eligible low-income persons provided at over 45 housing projects throughout King County (excluding Renton and Seattle). No emergency housing. Serves families of 2 or more, individuals with disabilities, and older adults, 62+. Rent is no more than 30% of adjusted income. Clients may apply at any branch office; waiting lists exists. Section eight housing: subsidies for eligible low-income persons. Clients must locate their own housing units, which must then be inspected and approved. Clients must apply at the Section Eight office; extensive waiting lists exists. ********** .:.KING COUNTY HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 700 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3700 Seattle, WA 98104 (206) 296-7640-Housing Repair Program A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: Housing Emergency Assistance Low- and Moderate-income homeowners can obtain a no-interest loan, and in some cases, grants to make necessary health and safety repairs to the home. Typical repairs include faulty plumbing, poor heating, leaky roofs, or unsafe electrical wiring. ********** KING COUNTY JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM A Government Sponsored Program King County Juvenile Probation - Juvenile Probation Counselors monitor court-ordered conditions such as school attendance, chemical dependency issues, mental health needs, and behavior in the home and community. Probation counselors refer youth to local human service agencies for individual and family counseling and other services as needed. The Probation Department works closely with the School District and Public Safety Department. King County Juvenile Court Conference Committee Diversion Program - this program works with youth 11-17 who have committed misdemeanor crimes and are first time offenders. The goal is to divert them from court. The youth go before a committee that reviews their case and recommends a "sentence" which includes requirements of regular school attendance, counseling, and often community service. King County Court Youth-At-Risk Petition - Through this program parents can file a petition with the King County court for youth who are having behavioral problems, but are not yet involved with the juvenile justice system. The youth and the parent then appear before a judge where the youth is ordered into appropriate services and actions such as counseling services, improving behavior, and school attendance. In this case, the parent acts as the youth's probation officer. Youth who violate this petition can be put into detention. 16 King County Youth Work Training Progralln - This program offers free employment assessment, casework, skills training, education, support services, and plaþements in public and private sector jobs (10-40 hours weekly) for out of school, low-income youth, ages 16-21, living ¡in King ~~unty outside Seattle. The summer. program provides education, training, and employment up to 35 hours weelkly at minimum wage for youth, 14-21. Special services for high-school dropouts, ex-offenders, refugees, veterans aM at-risk youth. Pregnant teens and teen parents receive a coordinated program of case management, medical care, parenting skills, counseling and employment services, ********** .:.PUBLIC HEALTH OF SEA TILE/KING COUNTY 33431 13th Place S FederalWay,WA 98003 (253) 838-4557 or (206) 296-8410 A Government Sponsored Health Clinic Human Services Category: HEALTH INFQRMA TION AND REFERRAL Provides affordable family planning, treatmerlt for sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy testing; WIC program and nutritional counseling for women, infants and! children to age 5; public health nursing home visits and infant classes. ********** SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION 1019 West James Street, Suite 200 Kent, WA 98032 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: HEALTH CAR~; SELF-SUFFICIENCY; INFORMATION AND REFERRAL Application and administration offices for fed~ral Social Security, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Medicare, disability, and survivor and death benefits prøgrams. Social Security retirement benefits are paid to person 62 and older who have worked long enough to be elIgible for coverage. Disability benefits are paid to person with severe mental or physical conditions which are expected to last at least 12 months or result in death, and which prevent employment. Supplemental Security Incoma benefits are paid to eligible low-income clients who are 65 or older, or under 65 and blind or physically or mentally ~isabled. SSI recipients are eligible for medical coupons and may be eligible for Social Security and food stamps. I ********** WASHINGTON STATE EMPLOYMENT SECURITY 2707 I Street NE Auburn, WA 98002 (253) 931-3912 A Government Sponsored Program Public Service Category: INFORMATION ~ND REFERRAL Job service centers, throughout King Countyl and the state, maintain listings of current jobs, including state of Washington jobs for job seekers. Computersl are also located in the centers with the Washington State Home Page available on the Internet as well as resume ~reparation by clients. Job counseling and placement for veterans. Telephone, fax service and information book ets available for clients receiving unemployment benefits or wishing to file for benefits. .:.WORKFIRST PROGRAM 1414 South 324th Street FederalWay,WA 98002 (253) 661-4966 A Government Sponsored Program Human Services Category: EMPLOYME~, SELF-SUFFICIENCY Services are provided for clients referred from the Department of Social and Health Services who are single parents. 17 ADDITIONAL COUNSELING AND HEALTH AGENCIES GROUP HEALTH COOPERATIVE 301 S 320th FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 874-7000 A Private Health Clinic Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE Provides medical treatment for members only. ********** INTERCEPT ASSOCIATES 30620 Pacific Highway South #107 FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 941-7555 Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE State approved outpatient drug and alcohol facility, individual counseling and alcohol/drug information school. ********** LAKESIDE MILAM RECOVERY CENTER 28621 Pacific Hwy. S Federal VVay, VVA 98003-9300 A For Profit Human Services Provider Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE Provides out-patient drug services; drug evaluations; FREE evaluations, adult and adolescent treatment; AIDS class; intervention and fully effective employee services; deferred prosecutions. ********** VVESTERN CLINICAL HEALTH SERVICES, INC. Federal VVay Clinic 34507 Pacific Highway S., Suite 3 FederalVVay,VVA 98003 (253) 874-2030 Human Services Category: HEALTH CARE Provides outpatient drug treatment services; methadone maintenance programs; pre & post-natal programs for patients who are pregnant. 18 RELIGIOUS RESOURCESIFOR EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE/OUTREACH September 1999 All Saints Lutheran Church 27225 Military Rd. South Federal Way (253) 852-4884 Has small amount of gas assistance vouchers available. Call to receive assistance. ********** Bethel Gospel Park 414 SW 312th Federal way, WA 98023 (253) 839-2486 A large clothing bank open to the public every Wednesday from 9 am to 1 p.m. Daycare and Preschool open 5:30 am to 6:30 p.m. Monday through Friday for child~en 30 months (must be potty trained) to 12 years old, including a hot lunch program. Transportation provided to most local schools for before and after school care. Retreat facilities offered. Alpha Ministries - Men and Women's transitibnal housing program with a 12 step program meeting on Thursdays from 7:00 p.m. to 8:30 p.m.. H.I.S. Ministries (Home Instructional Support) has classes Monday, Tuesday and Thursday. Life Academy of Puget South Christian Schoþl meets daily. Day Sports Camp starting after school is out for the summer. Overnight Youth Camps starting in¡July. C.A..P. (Civil Air Patrol) meets at our facilities on Tuesdays at 7:00 p.m.. ********** Calvary Lutheran Church 2415 S. 320th Federal Way (253) 839-0344 Free Community Supper - Thursdays 5:00 p.m to 6:30 p.m. ********** Christs Church of Federal Way 941 Dash Point Road Federal Way (253) 941-2711 Food bank Monday - Friday 10:00 am - 3:00pm. People can access one time per month. ********** Christ Lutheran Church of Federal Way 2501 SW 320th Federal Way (253) 927-6969 Limited emergency assistance available for $mall needs. ********** 19 Church of the Good Shepherd 345 S 312th Federal Way (253) 839-6100 They have emergency funds that they administer. Will help with motel vouchers and food assistance. Need to call for an appointment. ********** Federal Way United Methodist 2964551 st Ave. South Federal Way (253) 839-9220 Sunshine Program. Will assist with utilities and prescriptions one time per year. ********** Heart to Heart Ministries P.O. Box 7696 Bonney Lake, WA 98390 (253) 838-7588 A eleven week support program offered to post-aborted women dealing with difficult issues resulting from their experiences. All the counselors have post-aborted experiences. The groups are small in size of 4 to five women that meet for classes and are assigned homework. It is very confidential and supportive. All women regardless of religious affiliation are welcomed. The programs is offered in Pierce, King, Snohomish Counties and meeting places is held in local churches in the area. If the group classes has already started, the counselors will stay in contact with the individual periodically for support until a new group is formed to start classes. A commitment is required from the individual to stay in for the duration of the program. The program is biblical based but no church doctrine is taught. ********** Nine Lakes Baptist Church P.O, Box 3062 98063 (253) 838-4,080 Limited assistance available. Small food closet, limited amount for utility assistance. ********** Northwest Church 34800 21st Ave. SW Federal Way (253) 838-6321 Has a benevolence program they administer on a limited basis.to those who are regular attendees (Food, Rent Assistance and Power) In general this program not available to non-attendees. Must meet with the Pastor prior to receiving assistance. Based upon scope of problem and what funds are available. Pastor has the final decision to provide assistance. Church also sponsors a weekly food bank which distributes food on a first come-first serve basis. ********** 20 Our Saviour's Baptist Church 701 S. 320 Street FederalVVay, VVA 98003 (253) 839-6822 email: mikeballinger@juno.com Limited food bank from 10-3p.m. ********** Star Lake Church of God 27709 Military Road South Federal Way (253) 941-0684 Will assist with food and clothing. Must talk with Pastor first. Pastor makes final decision on what type of assistance they can provide. ********** Steel Lake Presbyterian Church 1829 South 308th Federal Way (253) 839-1210 Community Supper - Mondays 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm ********** St. Luke's Lutheran Church 515 S. 312th Federal Way (253) 839-0172 Operating Blessing Program - Monday, Wedrllesday and Fridays 9:30 am - 10:30 am. Will help with rental assistance and power bills. ********** St. Theresa's 3939 SW 331 st Federal Way (253) 838-5924 Part of the St. Vincent de Paul Society. Will make home visits to people in need and provide them with emergency assistance. Amount varies on need (rent assistance, food and utilities) Need to make an appointment. ********** St. Vincent's 30525 8th Avenue South Federal Way (253) 839-2320 Limited resources. Food and motel vouchers only. No in person services available. Call for assistance. 21