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FEDRAC PKT 02-08-2005 City of Federal Way City.Cóuncil FiuaucelEconomic DevelopmelltlRegional AffairsColllmittee Tuesday, February 8, 2005 5:30 p.m. City Hall HylebosConference Room AGENDA 1. CALL TO ORDER 2. PUBLIC COMMENT 3. COMMITTEE BUSINESS A. Approval of the January 11,2004 Minutes B. Discussion of Business Community Outreach Function (Doherty) C. Wi-Fi Project (Wang/Sadri/Kirkpatrick) Action Information Action 4. OTHER 5. FUTURE AGENDA ITEMS 6. NEXT MEETING: FEDRAC - Economic Development: March 8, 2005 FEDRAC: February 22, 2005 Committee Members: Eric Faison, Chair Jeanne Burbidge Jim Ferrell City Staff: Patrick Doherty, Economic Development Director Jason Suzaka, Deputy City Clerk/Mgmt. Analyst (253) 835-2541 K: IFINANCEIFINCOMMTi2005102081020805 Agenda. doc City of Federal Way City Council Finance/Economic Development/Regional Affairs Committee Tuesday, January 11,2005 5:30 p.m. City Hall Hylebos Conference Room MINUTES Committee Members in Attendance: Chair Eric Faison, Member Jeanne Burbidge, and Member Jim Ferrell. City Council Members in Attendance: Deputy Mayor Linda Kochmar and Councilmember Jack Dovey. Staff Members in Attendance: Iwen Wang, Management Services Director; David Moseley, City Manager; Pat Richardson, City Attorney; Patrick Doherty, Director of Economic Development; Jason Suzaka, Deputy City Clerk/Management Analyst. Others in Attendance: Erica Hall, Federal Way Mirror. l. CALL TO ORDER Chair Eric Faison called the meeting to order at 5:37 p.m. 2. PUBLIC COMMENT None. 3. COMMITTEE BUSINESS a) Approval of the December 14,2004 meeting minutes Motion to approve the December 14, 2004 meeting minutes. Motion seconded and carried. b) South 320111 Library ~ Future Location Mr. Doherty reported that staff had a couple meetings last month with Sound Transit (ST) officials on the TOD (Transit-Oriented Development), most notably the eastside portion, which is the larger portion. Staff approached ST about their interest in the library locating on the property as a potential ground floor tenant in a mixed-use type of development. ST seemed to be very receptive to the idea. There are some examples of this occurring, such as the Delridge Library in West Seattle. The Library is also interested in the concept; and is interested in talking more about it. Some of the issues involved include shared parking with other tenants, housing, and new "customers" to the library. King County's plan in their budget is to eventually tear down the S. 320111 Library and rebuild it. It was thought that the Library could potentially get a good deal from Sound Transit by moving into the development, due to its status as a public entity. A-I The next "step" is for the City to keep assisting/encouraging the process by keeping both parties talking. The City would need to remain pro-active in selling the idea to the two sides (e.g. meet with boardmembers, KCLS director, etc). Staff will keep the Council updated as the issue progresses. c) Public/Private Partnership Recap The purpose of the discussion is the address some concerns on the Council about what to do next with the market study. It is thought that there are three main scenarios of the study: I) Federal Way has a market for a lifestyle retail center; 2) A need for some sort of public investment to encourage a market; and 3) There is no market. One suggestion was to be pro-active and meet with downtown property owners and gauge their interest in some form of private/public partnership in creating/realizing a vision of downtown Federal Way as set in the City's comprehensive plan. Council was reminded that along with the market study, Leland will provide a strategy to achieve that vision, based on the study's results. Chair Faison gave a brief demonstration of financing, using the City of Kent's lifestyle/retail project as an example of how much (if any) public financing could/should be used in a private/public partnership, and how the public can eventually get a return on the investment through increased tax revenues from the project. There was a question about feedback from the Chamber of Commerce on the idea of a public/private partnership. Mr. Doherty reported that the Chamber is inviting Leland to talk to the Chamber at a future luncheon, so there is some interest in what the City is doing. 4. OTHER None. 5. FUTURE AGENDA ITEMS 6. NEXT SCHEDULED MEETING February 8, 2005 at 5:30 p.m. in the Hylebos Conference Room. 7. ADJOURN Chair Eric Faison adjourned the meeting at 6:31 pm. Recorded by Jason Suzaka K \F1NANCE\FINCOMMT\2005\OIII\OIIIO5 Minute' doc A-2 CITY OF FEDERAL WAY MEMORANDUM DATE: February 8, 2005 TO: Finance, Economic Development and Regional Affairs Committee I David Mosele' , anager omic Development Director VIA: FROM: Patrick Dohe SUBJECT: City Business Outreach Functions Policy Question A discussion of the City's business outreach functions through existing staffing and programs and opportunities and/or appropriateness of additional staffing or programs. Background There has been interest among City Councilmembers to discuss the City's existing and planned business outreach functions, as well as to explore ideas for additional staffing and programmatic functions to provide outreach to the business community. In order to assist this discussion, attached you will find copies of the job descriptions/duties for the Economic Development Director (text refers to former position as Deputy Director of Community Development Services Department), the Economic Development Assistant position currently being filled, as well as a draft job description/duties for an Ombudsman position. Proposal Discussion only at this time. No proposal presented. Committee Recommendation N/A. ~1 CITY OF FEDERAL WAY CLASS TITLE: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANT CLASS CODE: BASIC FUNCTION: . Under the direction of the Economic Development Director, researches, develops and assists in the implementation of economic development strategies related to business retention and attraction, city center redevelopment and tourism. ESSENTIAL JOB FUNCTIONS: Assists the Director in the following economic development functions: . Marketing the City for business attraction and as a visitor destination. Responding to inquiries and requests for assistance from businesses, property owners and developers. Researching, developing and implementing city center redevelopment tools and strategies. Providing staff support to the Lodging Tax Advisory Committee and the City's tourism-promotion programs. Developing and maintaining professional working relationships with local agencies, developers, property owners, business owners, citizen groups, etc. Researching, developing and implementing Comprehensive Plan and/or Zoning Code amendments. . . . . . REPRESENTATIVE DUTIES: Drafts and presents staff reports to the Lodging Tax Advisory Committee, the City Council and its Committees, the Planning Commission and other governmental and public bodies. Conducts research related to a variety of economic development and city center redevelopment issues. Provides information and technical assistance to staff, citizens, businesses and community groups. ~'l- Represents the Department and/or City in interdepartmental teams, interagency teams, community meetings, etc. Prepares or contributes to reports, publications, displays, graphics, web pages, etc. Perfonn other related duties, as assigned. KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITIES KNOWLEDGE OF: . Principles and practices of community development, economic development, and/or programming planning and implementation. Organizational and management practices. Basic research methods. Methods and techniques of effective technical report preparation and presentation. Personal computers, applicable software, such as Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Groupwise, etc. Correct English usage, grammar, spelling, punctuation and vocabulary. . . . . . ABILITY TO: . Develop, implement and coordinate program or project activities. Analyze situations, problems and data accurately and identify effective courses of action. Develop and meet schedules and timelines while managing multiple priorities. Interpret and apply pertinent laws, rules and regulations. Work independently with little direction. Communicate effectively both orally and in writing. Work effectively with others to achieve personal, team, department and City-wide goals. Anticipate customer needs and give high priority to customer service and satisfaction. . . . . . . . EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE: Any combination equivalent to: Bachelor's degree in urban planning, business or public administration, or related fields and two years experience in economic development, business, finance, community development. The position requires strong analytical, writing, research and communication skills. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS/PHYSICAL EFFORT: Work is performed primarily in an office environment, with some field site inspection work required. Field work is perfonned outdoors in all weather conditions. Position may require travel to a variety of locations to perform work or attend meetings. 13 CITYOFFEDERAL'VAY CLASS TITLE: DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CLASS CODE: 3121 ""'--,'","" -',,",---' ,,--,"-"---"" '-----" ,-",- .....-"--'-" ~"-"--'---""-"-",,-,'-""~ q.t:PAA~'MENT: C,ommunity Development .Services DIVISION: Pla~ning , '~~Ó:.':~~~ut¡Ve/Offici;1 (1) "'",'~.'.~":':, FLSA STATUĊ -:-E~~mpt/Executive -.----.-..- _.. "", "-.----...... . - ------~~._-----_. -..." . .....----... -...--..-' . --__.._n....... BASIC FUNCTION: Under the direction of the Director of Community Development Services, plan; organize coordinate and direct economic development and downtown revitalization functions for the City- The position provides leadership and coordination for the City's economic development activities including recommending policy, infrastructure, marketing, recruitment, and negotiations for new development. ESSENTIAL JOB FUNCTIONS: Develop and maintain professional working relationships with local agencies, developers, private consultants, citizen groups, community service organizations, and others. Prepare and present staff reports to City Council, Planning Commission, advisory committees, and other groups to explain technical aspects of the City's economic development projects and programs. Prepare the economic element of the Comprehensive Plan, and formulate strategies for implementing economic policy. Provide representation to a variety of boards and commISSIons; attend and participate in professional groups and committees. Determine consultant requirements; select consultants and negotiate contracts; oversee and coordinate special projects, administer contracts for services according to established guidelines for the department; control and authorize expenditures in accordance with established limitations. Coordinate department activities with those of other departments and offices to assure a consistent approach towards common projects and interests. REPRESENTATIVE DUTIES: Coordinate interdepartmental projects and efforts related to economic development. Develop and maintain an overall economic development plan for the city. Work with consultant to complete a Planned Action SErA for the city center core and frame, Develop an implementation strategy for the city center core and frame vision. 1J'l Deputy Director of CDS/Economic Development Page 2 Develop marketing tools that effectively attract business and development to Federal Way including brochures, web sites, computer software and developer forums. Recommend changes to development regulations and procedure that facilitate development projects. Assist operating departments with capital facilities plans and programs that promote economic development and work to ensure coordination between the economic strategic plan and the CIP. Coordinate the City's Economic Development Oversight Committee. Perform duties as assigned. KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITIES: KNOWLEDGE OF: . Principles and practices of economic development. . Organizational and management practices as applied to the analysis and evaluation of economic development programs, policies and operational needs. . Modem and complex principles and practices of program development and administration. . Economic analysis techniques related to market, feasibility, and impact studies. . Methods and techniques of effective technical report preparation and presentation. . Research methods and sources of information related to economic development. . Negotiation, mediation and facilitation skills, techniques and procedures. . Applicable laws relating to growth management, SEP A, real estate and land use. . Correct English usage, grammar, spelling punctuation and vocabulary. . Group dynamics and methods of encouraging citizen participation. ABILITY TO: . Plan, organize, direct, and coordinate the work of professional and technical personnel; delegate authority and responsibility. . Provide administrative and professional leadership and direction for the economIC development program. . Identify and respond to community and City Council issues, concerns, and needs. . Develop, implement, and administer goals, objectives, and procedures for providing effective and efficient economic development services. . Ensure project compliance with Federal State and local rules, laws and regulations. . Interpret and apply pertinent laws, rules and regulations. . Prepare and analyze technical and administrative reports, statements, and correspondence. . Work effectively with others to achieve personal, team, department and citywide goals. . Anticipate customer needs and give high priority to customer service and satisfaction. ENVIRONMENT AL CONDITIONS/PHYSICAL EFFORT: Work is performed primarily in an office environment, with some field site inspection work required. Field work is performed outdoors in all weather conditions. Position may require travel to a variety of locations to perform work or attend meetings. Employee may be exposed to conditions and hazards from obstacles, heights and open trenches associated with construction sites. i3S Deputy Director of CDSlEconomic Development Page 3 Note~: ~ .' " ',,:. ,'" ,~i,;:~:,<,: "::,': ' ' '::::, (1) ,>Alî:'requirenieíÌts arê:~ii})jééi::l~,~Q 'possibleitibdificatiori' to reason£¡;ly ~~rrilnód,atc ind.fidua.I~::'Milit~~~~~ilides. H()wever, i';~9~e ,requirem~.tiĊ¸:s :Öî~y:exclude indivi.dualswho:l}Q'sé-ra>direct threat or¡significant risk to:,the he~ltþ. and safety of otq~r~rítpl,Qÿ~es. ' " " , '," ,; ~'".",.) ,i"i:i:'¡:",U;i;~:,:,'Y.:.::":;'" """,',,', '",.;,,',,; (2»)i~;0¡~ile require~~*i~';;'~~:~y~:,~,þ~} ~fþpr~sentative,; of nii~i~um lev~l~ ,.::,:~ kI1øwle,dge, skills' 'and ':::aHiliiiê~;f>'t~', perlorm(this'job sticcessfully~' t';ë ~riØfi#1bcnt will pós$è~::;~:~';:::~bi1itic~'or 'aptitùd~~'to perform, each',', didy pr~~cicntly. " 'j:",,<ii:, ,',:: ", ", .' ":.': ',' '" ' :,:i'¡;';;;:;~'(",':" ",:,\:,~:,>,~!;::.i".:,"i,i";:~f~"" :, ,':, ','" (~~lQ~~s ,j~þ ~es~ripÍiò~':W,J~:~'[~~~,;irpplies th.a! YIe~~ are~e' ~nly duties '~~ þ~pç,I1:~~m~d. Empl~y~ç~':~'~P)?.l1g the poSltlon\Wl~1 be rçqulr~d:to folIo", ~~~:tPtþ:çrojób-rçl~~e~¡J~~l~::9~QllS~,':;lnd to perfo~~:::'anÿotber joh-r~l~t~~ atitiêsre uested b" thêU.~:sri'~rvisor;!"" '",' ,,:!i~,i,;. EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE: Any combination equivalent to: Bachelor's degree in Urban Planning, Geography, Business, Public Administration or related field and five years of increasingly responsible management experience related to long range planning, land use planning, or economic development. ~--- -,-- ... -, --,-,--------- ---------1---'" ,- . - -, - ------- ORIGINATED: April 2001., ",,' ' "". RI;:VISED: ' _....:_-,-,,:_-,-_. ,.'---,---,..'..----.-- ,.. ..--_'___--n ,---,_,___n__- ",..,..,---,---,... " :.:_-~-' '_:,~=~~ .._---,J ~~ Possible Ombudsman Job Functions - Receive and process complaints, inquiries, and requests for service from citizens, businesses, and other agencies. Provide advice, information, referrals and referral oversight regarding City services, policies and procedures. In response to inquiries, represent the City's position on current issues to individuals and groups. - Investigate allegations of substandard City service or recurring problems; research and analyze City laws, policies and rules; coordinate and negotiate with management of City departments as necessary to resolve problems. - Act as an advocate for citizens, businesses, or agencies having difficulty securing equitable City service delivery. - Provide recommendations to the City Manager for changes/additions to City ordinances, policies and procedures in order to address emerging service problems, and to avoid recurrence of complaints. - Promote City-wide service excellence by assisting in improving service delivery, responding to service and information requests, resolving complaints and providing leadership on interdepartmental teams to address emerging issues. - Facilitate meetings with citizens, businesses, community organizations and City staff in order to solve broader problems and resolve conflicts. - Prepare and distribute resource materials to inform citizens regarding government processes and issues. - Assist with coordination and facilitation of public and private efforts to retain and expand existing businesses. Assist with coordination of City resources in completing joint projects with economic development associations. - Assist in the preparation of grant applications and plans; research availability of private and grant funding. - Develop position papers and analyses as directed; make presentations to public and private sector groups as needed. - Act as the "go to" person or caseworker for business retention and for businesses considering an expansion, move into, move within, or exiting from the City. - Build and strengthen relationships with existing businesses via personal visits. - Collect information from existing and prospective business owners and operators to help shape policy development on business climate issues. - Review land use issues; analyze proportionality of regulations against project expenditures to assess reasonableness. 17 CITY OF FEDERAL WAY MEMORANDUM From: Subject: February 4, 2005 Finance, Economic Development and Regional Affairs Committee David H. Moseley, City Manager Iwen Wang, Management Services Director Wireless Broadband (Wi-Pi) - Proof of Concept Date: To: Via: Policy Question Should the City proceed with developing a "proof of concept" pilot project to determine the viability of providing citywide wireless broadband services. Background Many communities had long ago determined that universal and affordable access to broadband internet service is essential to their community's long term economic vitality. Until recently, few communities could afford to provide broadband service at an affordable price to their citizens. With the advancement of wireless technology and the decrease in deployment costs, communities large and small are actively deploying Wi-Fi based broadband services. The attached whitepaper provides more detailed background information and a glimpse at what communities around the country are doing. Using experiences from some of these communities, staff developed a set of assumptions and a preliminary financial performa for a citywide broadband network, and believes it is feasible for the City to provide the service at a very reasonable rate and recover its investment in 3 - 4 years. Before the discussion of a citywide Wi-Fi project, the City had a plan to deploy a wireless solution for the police department funded with COPS grant. The grant and city's matching fund total $IOOk, with a spending deadline of May 31, 2005. While this grant can not be used for non-police purpose, it could cover the police portion of a Wi-Fi project cost. Staff Recommendation The performa suggests a citywide wireless broadband service is financially viable. But it is imperative for the City to perform a "Proof of Concept" pilot project to test the assumptions in the performa. If the Council approves this idea, staff will develop the proposed scope and cost for the pilot, and return to Council for approval and any funding. To meet the COPS grant deadline, and more importantly to develop the necessary knowledge and skills, staff further recommends performing and managing the pilot project internally. We believe it will provide the best knowledge base for the city to make the citywide project decision later. COMMITTEE RECOMMENDA nON: Direct staff to develop the scope and cost associated with the "proof of concept" project for the deployment of a city-wide Wi-Fi network. Incorporate the necessary funding in the 2005 Carryforward Budget Adjustment for the Committee to consider at its February 28th meeting. APPROVAL BY COMMITTEE: Committee Chair Committee Member Committee Member k: \finance \fincommt\2005\O208\wifi. doc t Introduction The internet revolution was an incredible boon to the overall strength of the U.S. economy in the mid 90's. While the bust of the dot com bubble has dampened market exuberance, internet applications continue to evolve and expand. New applications such as high quality graphics, audio, and video require a much larger pipeline to accommodate the uninhibited flow of intensive digital data that come with such applications. Therefore, the availability of bandwidth is what separates a community that is able and ready to reap the full benefits from the next level of technology infused economic growth and those are not. In a 2001 study, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter found that over 70% of the u.S. population have multiple choices in broadband access. However, only 10% elected to use it. The high costs involved are believed to prevent the universal adaptation of broadband. Many communities had long ago determined that universal and affordable access to broadband service is essential to their community's long term economic vitality; Until recently, few communities could afford the level of subsidies required to provide broadband service at an affordable price. With advancements in both performance and cost of wireless technology, affordable broadband is now possible. Not only is wireless becoming a cost effective alternative to fixed-line solutions for broadband access, it also opens the door for unprecedented mobility and efficiency for a wide range of applications for institutions, governments, businesses, and individual users. The type of wireless technology that is best delivers these services is debatable; however, with the level of acceptance it has achieved, there's little question that wireless technology will be a key element of the global broadband fabric in the near future. Today, communities across the nation both large and small are aggressively acquiring this technology to enhance their appeal for economic development and quality of life. The question is no longer if government should facilitate its availability, affordability, reliability of broadband connectivity, but what role it should play and when to take action. c- 1 What is Broadband? What is Broadband? At its most basic level, "broadband" refers to the transmission of multiple communications signals via a single physical pathway. The physical pathway can use one or more transmission media, such as copper/coaxial wire, optical fiber or radio spectrum. The communications signal can be voice, data, video, music, or other format. In comparison, a "baseband" connection allows the analog transmission of only one communication signal over a single pathway. Speed is also an important part of the definition, and it is measured both coming and going. Downstream speeds of 1.54 Megabytes per second (Mbps) or higher deliver broadband services like streaming video, interactive online games and downloads of high-resolution graphics, music and video shorts like move trailers. Because of the nature of these particular applications, the upstream transmission requirement for these services can be far less. On the other hand, 1.54 mbps may be too slow to support high bandwidth applications Hke video on demand. Throughput speed is in the eye of the beholder, however, and some organizations are willing to include far slower rates in their definition. Broadband has become synonymous with high speed Internet connectivity. This service is provided in multiple ways, with cable modem and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) being the most common. Other broadband delivery mechanisms include fiber optic, fixed wireless, digital broadcast, third generation wireless, satellite and a more recent phenomenon, Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity). Wireless Technologies There are many wireless technologies. The table below shows those available today or in the near future that deliver broadband access. Name Current Deployment Future Applications Challenges Wi-Fi (802.11) Used to create citywide Networks with larger Routing data can wireless networks. areas and using less create bottlenecks. bandwidth for routing activities. WiMAX (802.16) Backhaul for Wi-Fi Mobile broadband. High consumer networks and fixed premise equipment wireless broadband for (CPE) cost limits TI replacement. current market. 3G Used to provide voice International network Required to wait for and data coverage for will allow roaming & commercial carriers mobile users. interoperability. to deploy. L--2 Under Wi-Fi, there are various "flavors" utilizing different radio frequencies. Most wireless equipment use the following two bands of unlicensed frequencies. Technology Frequency Range Speed Devices Compatibili ty 802.lla 5.8GHz 25 to 75 feet Up to 54Mbps Laptop Not compatible indoors; range computers, with 802.11 b, can be affected by PDAs, cell 802.11g building materials phones 802.11 big 2.4GHz Up to 300 feet Up to 1 1 Mbps Laptop Other 2.4GHz indoors; range computers, devices, like can be affected by PDAs, cell cordless phones, building materials phones may disrupt connection The 2.4GHz is a multi-path, very high frequency that can pass though concrete, brick, steel, but is challenged by foliage or other material that absorbs radiation (water resonance). The 5GHz technology is very similar, but has limited absorption from foliage. However it also has a decreased coverage area. Wi- Fi /WLAN Hardware/Software Architecture A wireless network generally consists of Access Points (AP), Gateways, Antennas, and Wi-Fi receIvers. Access Points are radio transmitter and receivers that communicate with the other Wi-Fi transmitter and receivers in edge devices like laptops, PDAs or Wi-Fi Phones. Antennas are an important part of a Wi-Fi network, allowing direction of the network a certain way, or having it open to all directions. Gateways are access points that are also connected through hardwiring to other networks. Wi-Fi Software There are several layers of software that are needed in a Wi-Fi network for security, compression, authentication, accounting, design tools and maintenance. Wi-Fi Limitations Shared Frequency: Wi-Fi frequencies are not licensed and can be used by anyone for any purpose. This increases the chance of interference amongst Wi-Fi equipment and other appliances. It also increases the security concerns of the system. Distance: The FCC allows a maximum of I-Watt output power from any Wi-Fi device, making it less able to penetrate buildings, walls or cover a long distance. Bandwidth: As the number of users increases, the bandwidth available to each person reduces. An 802.1lb Wi-Fi network, which provides a maximum of 11 MBPS can only effectively handle 3-6 users at a gIVen. (,-3 Demand and Competitive Environment Like any business venture, a citywide Wi-Fi operation has inherent business risks. Knowledge, skills, planning, and sound management practices provide the best protection against business risk. The chosen business model must ensure the City's ability to have a good handle on these factors. In addition to the operational risks, the current broadband service providers are all telecommunication giants with deep financial resources. Should the City decide to provide citywide service directly or indirectly, it needs to be ready for both political and financial challenges. The table below shows the primary players of high-speed Internet service in the area and their monthly fees. Even the least expensive service will cost $40 per month. In comparison, dialup services are available at as little as $7 per month. Wireless broadband "hot spots" are only available at a few locations; however, many are free in coffee shops, bookstores, and hotels. We have not seen evidence that communities that offer :tree or cheaper Wi-Fi broadband services have affected prices of commercial service providers. However, service bundling, enhanced speed, and richer internet service features are very common and could also affect competition. T e of Service DSL Ma'or rovider Qwest Choice Qwest Deluxe Seed 256/256 896k/l.5 mbps Monthl Fee $31.99 $44.99 Cable Modem Earthlink (via hone line) Comcast 256k/l.5 mb s 258k/l.5 mbps $39.95 $45.95 (cable services subscriber) Earthlink (via Comcast fiber) Dialup service Qwest 256k/l.5 mb s 56kbps Various roviders 56Kb s $45.95 $18.95 (w/qualified home phone package) from$6.95 In addition to business risks, the high tech industry is also subject to the risk of changing technology. A new system deployed today can easily become a "legacy" system tomorrow, and lose its competitive edge against faster, cheaper, more reliable, and more efficient systems tomorrow. The "window of opportunity" for this generation of Wi-Fi equipment, we believe, is between 3 - 4 years. By this time, the more robust WiMax or better equipment will very likely be widely affordable and can provide more reliable signals, much broader bandwidth, and lower overall operating costs due to fewer required units in the infrastructure. Therefore, to remain competitive, the system will need to be able to pay for itself within 3 years and continue to upgrade every 3 years or so. It needs to build on a common platform to have the best chance of support and compatibility for future equipment. With these considerations in mind, we believe a public service as well as a financial case can be made for a citywide Wi-Fi broadband network. (- 4 As shown in the very performa above, with a monthly fee of $24.95, assuming a 5% rollout subscription, and ramping up to 35% households over a five-year period, a citywide Wi-Fi could be self-sustaining financially and provide cheaper broadband access for a number of city operations and potentially other governmental and educational organizations. ,~~.~.~ ~. ~.~"'~~~~~~""~~~~-~~,~_._.,._~--~~..~.. ~~,._.. . City of Federal Way Wi-Fi Financial Performa ¡ Year 0 ¡ Year 1 Year 2 . Year 3 I 33,000 33,330 34,000 . ~...._. ..~ 15% 30% 30 1,680 30 5,030 30 30 10,260 ì . Year 2 1 Year 3 ¡ Year 4 $ 2,519,750 1 $ 3,053,880 I $ 3,598,489 -'125:986 < ..~ 152:694 T . '1'79:924 ~T. ... ... ~.....T ~..., . (1,538,394)1 (1,862,190), (2,192,339) ..(76:920)1 {93,11o>l ' , '(109,'i517)' ~ 1,107,344 I 1,344,384 1,586.075 I ¡Subscriber Projection Total Household' I-Fi S~~~r~~r!pt~o~.~..t sidential Mmicipal ~ ~~.~"...~.~-,~...~.., Public Safety Total Subscriber Accounts 5% 1,650 5,000 ...--.,.. I , lOpe rating Rave nue/Exp Projection ¡Annual Operating Revenue rOther-Revenue'" ~_. -~ - r<5p~r~ti~~§Xi>~~~itlJre ¡ Other Expenditures ! Earning Before Depreciation n (3 year rolling) iNetlncorre $182 Year 5 , ,417 i 181)21-1 ~~ ,~~ (,2,21~:11~)1 (110,706)1 1,602,019 I m .. .- ---.,.--L. ~. _L.. - . - ---.----- 1. -.. (675,000)1 (675,000)1 (675,000) (675,00 (461,210>1 (16,095)1 432,344 i 669,384 I .--L--..-~-L-- I ¡ , , I ...1 (67S:ÕOO)T--(67S.000) 911,075 I 927,019 I ¡ ~, - ----- r-- _~ning Befc:>E':1_[:)eP!.eciatiÓ~___._~~-~.~--- Capital Outflow I Cash Flow . 213,791 8,905: 1,107,344 1,344,384 (1.012,500) (1,012,500):--~----'" -- (2,õ2S,OOO) (798,710)1 (353,595)1 1,107,344 1 (680,616)j 1,586,075 I 1,602,019 I * Including households annexed in 2005. The performa is based on a capital cost of$2.02 million, and per account operating cost of$182 per year. A breakdown of the estimates can be found in Appendix 1. C ""5 Business Model There has been a long history and many examples of government broadband service. Most of these communities operate the service as part of or in conjunction with their electric utilities. Some set up a separate utility to provide broadband service. The provision of Wi-Fi is less consistent at this time. As shown in Appendix 2, the two-dozen or so cities/communities in the u.S. have approached it differently. Some cities decided to totally leave it to the private sector. Seattle's CTO was quoted, saying that the city government may be poorly suited to oversee network security and customer service, and "with the advent of new wireless technologies like the Wi-Max standard, in which transmitters could send signals 30 miles instead of 300 feet, the city risks adopting a system destined for obsolescence." For those communities that have decided to take on more active roles, the following are three typical models. 1. Public Utility Model City/community owned/operations system. Can be a single entity or composed of different companies that provide different parts of the value chain: ownership, operations/maintenance, services and support, settlement and billing, marketing and sales. Objectives To provide affordable, universal broadband service at a self-funded basis. Focused on quality of service, security, and at a breakeven or slightly better price. Funding Governmental grants General governmental funds Borrowing from internal utility funds External borrowing (LOC, notes, or bonds) Advantages Have full control over policy and pricing to achieve intended goals. Have full control over security of the system, particularly if public safety agencies will be part of the users. Access to the ROWand other city and government owned properties, including fiber lines and conduits. Results in a high quality of service and secure network. Disadvantages Ability to adapt quickly to changing business environment. New line of business for the City; need to acquire the knowledge and skills 2. Free Community Wireless Network Objectives Provide free wireless access for citizens Mainly used by citizens for low bandwidth activities for short periods Lower reliability and security because it is viewed as an amenity Used for economic development, often in more historic areas Funding Government funding! grants Foundation grants, fundraising efforts in the community Exchange access to governmental properties and governmental business accounts for a private operator to build and provide limited free access in certain hot zones. c.- 6 Advantages Limited governmental investment Little concern over level of service thus minimal on-going expenses Provides wireless service May help revitalize certain areas in a community. Disadvantages Network security and reliability is uncertain. Cannot be securely and consistently used to enable Digital City applications If privately owned, city will have no control/influence of pricing thus achieve the goal of universal access 3. Cooperative Wholesale Model Objectives Provide network connections for all government agencies at cost, thereby saving taxpayer money. Sell excess capacity at wholesale prices to private providers who then retail wireless services to businesses and individual consumers. Funding Local governmental funding State and federal grants Revenue by selling excess capacity wholesale to wireless Internet service providers, existing te1cos, etc. External borrowing Advantages Share risk and profit with other government agencies Provide base for universal access Does not directly compete with commercial service providers. Saves government offices, schools, and hospitals money Retain control of network security Retain control of level of service Influence of retail price Disadvantages Multiple government decision process can be slow and inefficient for a high tech businesses Multiple entities with different missions/objectives C-7 Legal Environment Does a Washington code city have the authority under current law to offer Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) service to the public? The brief answer is yes. Under current federal and state law, ,a Washington city may provide WiFi services to the public. Analysis Washington State Law The Legislature has authorized cities and towns to provide certain utilities such as electricity, gas, water, sewerage, and solid waster services. See RCW 35.92.010, 35.92.020, 35.92.050, 35A.80.010. But the question arises whether the list of permitted utilities 'set forth in statute is exclusive. This was considered in City of Issaquah v. Teleprompter Corp., 93 Wn.2d 567, 611 P.2d 741 (1980). The court found that providing cable television service was of appropriate local concern to be the subject of city legislation, and that the state had not preempted the field. Id. at 572-575. Issaquah establishes that code cities do not need express statutory authority to exercise their legislative authority. However, code cities are not exempt from legislative control. Massie v. Brown, 84 Wn.2d 490, 492,527 P.2d 476 (1974). A city ordinance will be invalid (1) if a general statute preempts city regulation of the subject or (2) if the ordinance directly conflicts with a statute. Heinsma v. City of Vancouver, 144 Wn.2d 556, 561,29 P.3d 709 (2001). State law broadly defines "telecommunications" as "the transmission of information by wire, radio, optical cable, electromagnetic, or other similar means." RCW 80.04.010. This definition would encompass WiFi service. A telecommunications company under state law "includes every corporation, company, association, joint stock association, partnership and person, their lessees, trustees or receivers appointed by any court whatsoever, and every city or town owning, operation or managing anv facilities used to provide telecommunications for hire, sale, or resale to the general public within this state." RCW 80.04.010 (emphasis added). Although these statutes neither expressly permit nor expressly prohibit cities from providing telecommunications services, the definition of telecommunications company includes cities. This would support the position that cities are not preempted from offering such services. The scope of a municipal corporation's powers also may depend on whether the powers are governmental or proprietary. HUe v. Pub. Uti!. Dist. 2, 112 Wn.2d 456,459, 772 P.2d 481 (1989). Proprietary powers are more broadly defined than governmental powers. Where a municipal corporation is authorized to conduct a business, it may exercise its business functions in much the same way as a private entity. City of Tacoma v. Taxpayers of Tacoma, 108 Wn.2d 679,694, 743 P.2d 793 (1987). The provision of a product or service to the public - such as water, electricity, or telecommunications - is a proprietary rather than a governmental, function of a city or county. Id. at 694. See also AGO 2003 No. 11. Federal Law The status of cities is similar under federal law. Cities are authorized under the Telecommunication Act of 1996, 110 Stat. 70,47 u.S.C. Sec. 253, (the Act) to provide telecommunications services, but a state may prohibit its political subdivisions from providing telecommunication services under state law. A recent United States Supreme Court decision, (.-8 Nixon v. Missouri Municipal League, 541 U.S. 125, 124 S. Ct. 1555, 158 LEd.2d 291 (2004), has made it clear that political subdivisions of a state are not protected entities under Section 253(a) of the Act which states: No State or local statute or regulation, or other State or local legal requirement, may prohibit or have the effect of prohibiting the ability of any entity to provide any interstate or intrastate telecommunications service. The Nixon case arose out ofthe enactment of a statute by the General Assembly of Missouri prohibiting political subdivisions of the state from providing or offering for sale a telecommunication service. MRS Section 392.410 (7). A variety of municipal entities petitioned the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for an order declaring the Missouri statute unlawful and preempted under Section 253 of the Act. The FCC refused to declare the Missouri statute preempted. In re Missouri Municipal League, 16 FCC Rcd. 1157,2001 WL 28068 (2001). The FCC concluded that "the term 'any entity' in section 253(a) ... was not intended to include political subdivisions ofthe state, but rather appears to prohibit restrictions on market entry that apply to independent entities subject 0 state regulation."z It also relied on the principle of Gregory v. Ashcroft, 501 U.S. 452, 111 S.Ct. 2395, 115 LEd.2d 410 (1991), that Congress needs to be clear before it constrains traditional state authority to order its government. 16 FCC Red., at 1169. The Supreme Court of the United States sided with the FCC and the Missouri General Assembly. Nixon, at 1560. 2005 Legislation The report over the last several years has been that Congress would take on a major overhaul of the 1996 Telecommunications Act during 2005. To date, however, nothing comprehensive has been introduced to Congress. Similarly, no bills have been introduced yet this year in the Washington State Legislature to address the issue of municipal telecommunications services. Conclusion Under current federal and state law, a Washington code city may provide WiFi services to the public. Although there is no express authority under Washington law for a city to provide telecommunications services to the public, a code city possesses all of the legislative powers of the state unless preempted or in conflict with state law. Federal law likewise authorizes municipal entities to provide telecommunications services. States may, however, prohibit the provision of telecommunications services by political subdivision within the state. In the absence of such a statute, though, a Washington code city may provide these services, including WiFi service, to the public. 2 The FCC relied on its own earlier order resolving a challenge to a comparable Texas law, In re Public Utility Commission of Texas, 13 FCC Rcd. 3460, 1997 WL 603179 (1997), as well as the affirming opinion of the United States Court of Appeals for the district of Columbia Circuit, Abilene v. FCC, 164 F.3d 49 (1999). (-9 Attachment 1: Operating and Capital Assumption and Comparison Operating Expenditure, per account average: Service Tech, ] FTE/] 000 customer Field Repair & Maintenance/Service Contract/site and T] lease Customer Relations (sales, acct billing/maintenance, systems support etc) Management/Planning, ] 0% of personnel Overhead (auditing, legal, insurance, facility etc) Operating Cost per Account/Yr Operating Cost per Account/Mo $60 60 30 ]5 ]7 $182 $]5 Capital Assumptions: Coverage Area: Estimated No, AP/Cells Capital Estimates: 1.) at $80klsm; or 2.) at $5k1celJ, or 3.) Average: 22.50 450 sq miles 20 $ ] ,800,000 $ 2,250,000 $ 2,025,000 Sample of capital cost in other jurisdictions: Chaska Capital cells area cells/sm Capital/cell Capital per sq mile Recovery Period Cerritos, CA Capital Budget cells area cells/sm $535,000 250 14 18 $2,140 $38,214 3.01 unknown 130 8.6 15 Corpus Christi, TX Test Pilot Capital Budget $1,500,000 cells 300 area 1&5 cells/sm 18 Capital/cell $5,000 Capital per sq mile $90,000 Grand Heaven, Michigan Capital/sq mile Hermosa Beach, CA Capital area Capital per sq mile M&O $40,000 $80,000 1.3 $61,538 $18,000 Las Vegas, NV (Meshnetworks) Capital $175,000 area 2.0 Capital per sq mile $87,500 Fullerton, CA Capital area cells Capital/cell Capital per sq mile $55,000 2.5 9 $6,111 $22,000 (fiber line already in, in-house installation) sq mile sq mile sq mile (333/18.5 =16, but case study says 18/sm) (50% cell cost, 50% installation, other sw/hw) sqmile T-1+ 4 hrs stafftime/wk sq mile ($50k mesh/$30k server) sqmile C_IO Appendix 2: US Hot Cities/Communities city Scooe Publiclprivate Fee vs free system Cost Status I. Ashland, OR Provide business access of Private business serviced hot points Private AP connected to city network. municipal owned fiber network 2. Austin, TX The Austin Wireless City Project is Free wireless hotspots for an initiative of Austin Wireless to public spaces improve the availability and quality of public free Wi-Fi in Austin, Austin Wireless, Inc, is a Non- Profit Texas Corporation, 3, Baltimore, MD Baltimore's wireless hot zone project is being delayed due to opposition from local businesses criticize it for not working together with local entreoreneurs, 4, Baton Rouge, LA downtown Wi-Fi Verge Wireless Networks, Inc. a mesh network technology "Our goal was to bring free division of Cams oft Data Systems, from Tropos Networks Wi-Fi to the city," said Don Inc., announced that it has turned Powers of Cap strategy, a non on the first of20 Wi-Fi antennas profit organization devoted to near the comer of North Boulevard bringing new technology to and 3rd street with coverage the city, "Verge Wireless has extending wen over 300 feet in any succeeded in doing just that, direction, and we are supporting them any way possible to ensure the continued success of free Internet access to our visitors in the downtown area," 5, Benton County, WA business district of Benton PUD has access to the Intelligent network software Clearwater, in Kennewick, 8 fiber-optic network owned by developed by Chameleon sm. mobile users can remain the Bonnevil1e Power provides rigorous security and connected throughout the Administration 128 kbps to I privacy for users, while enabling service area. Mbps connectivity, but multiple Internet service inherent inefficiencies providers (ISPs) or (overheads, etc.) in Ethernet telecommunication carriers to wireless transport systems can simultaneously market the reduce the actual speed to 30- service, using a common 60% of this nominal speed, infrastructure, and bill their customers for its use, The Chameleon software wil1 also enable interconnection with other wireless networks, such as 3G cellular. 6. Bowling Green, KY downtown hotzone free 7, Cerritos, CA 8.6 square mile (22,27 sq, Aiimet Wireless, a wiSP that $30/mo for 512/256 kbp 130 Tropos 5110 Wi-Fi network goes live 50,000 people km,) area ofCenitos will be deploys 802. I I-based high speed $250/mo for III mbps cells/Pronto OSS (back deployed for high-speed networks, reached an agreement business pros office) and 110tzone Gateway wireless Intemet access. with the Citv ofCenitos to use citv Fiber backhaul (provider 11 city Scope Public/private Fee vs free svstem Cost Status owned facilities to provide the unclear) service, City is a client. 8. Charleston, SC downtown Wi-Fi Thinkspot is providing hot spots in the hourly rate is $3 (or $8 Charlestonchamber.net local businesses (like T-Mobile per day, $15 per week or here) $30 per month). Prepaid access cards at participating locations or the Chamber of Commerce, 9. Chaska, MN 16 square miles (41 square First Mile Wireless, a reseJ1er and $15.95 a month single 250 Wi-Fi ceJ1s from Tropos Cost is $480,000 but it The city has been involved in 18,000 pop/7 ,500 homes kilometers) integrator of wireless network device or $25/mo for Networks, mesh deployment, would have been providing commercial Internet solutions provided consulting, RF multiple. 36 backhaul points via $750,000 more, if the services for over five years, It engineering and support services. The price includes the loan KarlNet P2MP wireless links city did not already have built both a fiber backbone up to 3 Mbps of an Engenius Senao Wi- and city's fiber network. a fiber and wireless network and a point-to- Fi bridge from keen an Pronto's OSS for back office backbone multipoint 2,4GHz wireless systems, which wiJ1 access network to provide local provide in-house access businesses with broadband with no rooftop antenna or access, instaJ1ation required by Chaska,net first phase of the project-- installing 50 Tropos Wi-Fi cells covering four square miles (10 square kilometers), Citywide deployment was completed in July 2004, Chaska,net will use city fiber and fixed point-to- multipoint wireless technology for its backhaul connections. 10, Cleveland, OH To blanket Cleveland in free A Joint public system: for Free for public wireless access points on totaJ1y "unwired" by 2006 public wireless [¡Hemet access educational, cultural, medical fiber network by 2006 research, governmental, among many others, ]1. Dayton, OH 2.6 square kilometers Harborlink, a local company, to set The downtown hotzone ifaJ1 goes weJ1, it will put out an (downtO\m) up the hotzone. The city will will provide wireless RFP in mid-2005 for a citywide provide the baekhaul to the Internet Internet access fTee of network and allow Harbor1ink to place charge to the end user; the access points on city-owned costs wiJ1 be covered by property, allowing businesses to place advertisements on the splash page. 12, Fullerton, CA Phase I: 2.5 S.M, (24-block Redevelopment agency Free in yr 1, hope 9 Tropos mesh $55k Phase I Jan 05 downtown) businesses in zone will www,myfullerton.com assume cost and provide free services. 13. Grand Haven, MI City-wide Ottawa wireless, signed a five-year Pricing for residential (l) A single tiber connection costs for building out a non-exclusive license to operate the service will start at $20 per has been spread across the wireless broadband network, month, with unlimited entire city via several hundred network are $40,000 per caJ1ing anywhere in the US WiFi (802,11 a, b, g) radios square mile (2,6 sq km) and Canada set at $30 Del' located UDon existing city in an area with a lot of 12 city Scope Public/private Fee vs free system Cost Status month infrastructure. trees, (2) The radio network, which is monitored at every point on a 24x7 basis using custom monitoring tools, achieves exceptional broadband perfonnance, (3) Top speeds of 5Mbps bidirectional are sustained with an average downstream data rate of 1,5Mbps, Tens of thousands of clients can be supported, (4) Latency across the entire wireless network is less 20ms on average. (5) Greater than 99.7% network reliability, even under extremely harsh environmental conditions such as rain, fog, snow, and high winds. 14, Hermosa Beach, CA 1.3 square miles or 3.4 square sold over $]500 per month in local Residents and visitors will entire project is between Over 400 registered users, kilometers) icon advertising on our forced get free access, although $75,000 and $85,000; expect about 7,000 households homepage they need to register before annual maintenance fees to use the system in some form system that covers about 35% they can log on, are $18,000 per year. or another. of our city Wifihermosabeach is buying bandwidth wholesale from a local ISP and receiving 6 Mbps for $600/mo wirelessly This service will consume approx. 4 hours of staff time per week, approx. $13,000 per veal' in stafItime, 15, Lafayette, LA city-wide Syndeo Communications Group Tropos Networks 5]10 Wi-fi 13 square miles (33 square cel1s, Syndeo wi1l provide ki10meters) high-speed (> I Mbps) broadband to residents and businesses in Lafayette. 16. Las Vegas, NV Pilot: traffic control. 2 sm. (5 Cheetah Technologies, local 33 Meshnetworks routers; $175k, or $80klsm: To unwire the entire city (150 sq s km); company I-Tl/3 lAPS $50k mesh; $30k server km), they estimate it would cost 500kbps - 1.5 mbps I lAPS/] s.m. bandwidth I router/0.25 sm $6 mil1ion, Cheetah also sel1s two other types of mesh networks based on hardware from Tropos Networks Inc., in Sunnyvale, Calif., and BelAir Networks Inc, in Kanata, Ont., Canada. 13 city Scope Public/private Fee vs free system Cost Status The Tropos and BelAir mesh systems are built on top of the IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi protocol, while MeshNetworks uses a proprietary technology originally developed for military applications, 17, Lexington, KY Zone. A local WISP, will be delivering $7 per day, $15 per week The network uses Vivato As of January 2005, they have the service which initially covers 8 and $25 per month for equipment and 1coa's 48 paid customers and total 80 square kilometers (the Beaumont access managed services, 802,11 b, 2 registered users, They hope to Farms area off Harrodsburg Road (Local DSL availablc jÖr Mbps (download) and 1.5 reach 100 customers within a and inc1udes a business district, $30/mo) Mbps (upload), few months shops, restaurants, two residential neighborhoods and a 50O-unit apartment complex) 18. Los Angeles, CA Hotzone in Pershing Square Verge Wireless, funded by Free Tropos mesh nodes connected $25k1year M&O in downtown Los Angeles. Community Redevelopment to the city's fiber network for Agency of Los Angeles, backhaul Marvin Braude Van Nuys Aiinnesh Communications, Free, during the pilot Constituent Service Center FiberQuest, and the City of Los period (pilot) Angeles Infonnation Technology Agency (ITA). 19, Nantucket There are a lot of hotspots in Wi-Blast, will be oJTering Wi-Fi The network will run on mesh at a cost of $20,000 to Nantucket at hotels, resorts service to subscribers over a 1.25 equipment from Tropos: 9 to $30.000. and cafes, Residents get sq mi (3,2 sq km) area, 15 nodes to cover one square Internet access from Comcast and Verizon, But short-term mile visitors who are not staying at a hotel 01' vacation rental with wired or wireless Internet access, could benefit Ji'om Wi-Blast's service, Nantucket's population rises to as many as 50,000 during the summer. 20. Pittsburgh, PA hotzone in cultural district 21. Portland, OR Veri LAN provides wireless Vivato antenna, WiMAX broadband services to Portland antenna is installed on the I ,OOO-foot KGW-Tv tower which rises 1,150 feet above sea level on Portland's Sylan Hills Bandwidth ranges 1'1'0111 256 Kbps to 24 Mbps. (VcriLAN's 802.160 hardware is notfll/~)' 802./6a compliant vet.) 22, Rio Rancho, NM Starting $1 9.95/month for Intel and the city of Rio August, Rio Rancho oftìcials (Albuquerque) unlimited 256kbps service; Rancho will provide locations terminated thc city's license mobile connections up to for mounting the cellular Wi- agreement with USurf saying I Mhos and dailv passes Fi eauimnent as well as that the company was pursuing a 14 city Scope Public/private Fee vs free svstem Cost Status will also be offered. overal1 project assistance and business strategy not conducive Customers can access the support, Proxim will deliver a to the success of the project. network across the city pre-Wi MAX wireless "l11is time they are using using any standard Wi-Fi backbone solution, Meru A.z,\IJ.sJ~LI'-J.~J~',!Qrks. a division of adapter, Most subscribers Networks will provide the Ottawa Wircless, as the service are expected to use the access points, and LogiSense provider. You wil1 recall that service as a ful1 will supply operational Ottawa Wireless runs Grand replacement for existing support systems, such as Haven, Michigan's Wi-Fi wired and wireless Internet billing network options, Wi-Fi based mobile telephone cal1ing (using Voice over lP) will be offered at $24,95/month tor unlimited residential calling throughout the US and Canada, 23. San Francisco, CA Citywide Pub Free/citywide Other cities in the top ten are Portland, Seattle, Washington D,c. and Austin, Texas, I am wondering if there is a similar tOD 10 list tor Europe 24. Seattle, CA Speakeasy Speakeasy cal1s it WiMAX Seattle's CTO says that the city service but since WiMAX is government may be poorly not official1y here, it is really suited to oversee network pre-WiMAX. Speakeasy secUlity and customer service, already delivers broadband and "with the advent of new connectivity in Seattle so it is wireless technologies like the an addition to their existing Wi-Max standard, in which service. transmitters could send signals 30 miles instead of 300 feet. the city risks adopting a system destined [or obsolescence." 25. Seattle, Port of 190-acre use tour Vivato 2.4 GHz WiFi switches and two Vivato bridge routers 26, Spokane, WA IOO-block downtown hotzone ltronix, a developer of wireless, Free Viva to's 2.4 GHz outdoor OneEighty Networks rugged mobile computing systems, switch and bridge router, It the Downtowl1 Spokane transmits high-gain wireless Partnership, a private, non-profit beams over a distance of 2.5 downtown membership miles (4 kilometers) outdoors organization, Purcel1 Systems, a with direct line of sight, and provider of modu lar, outdoor over shorter distances without enclosures, and broadband provider direct line of sight. Thc OneEighty Networks will advantage of using Vi vato's col1aborate to provide wire1ess switch is that you don't have service to the I OO-block downtown to set up and manage so many area. nodes, unlike in a mesh network. 27. St. Cloud, FL initial1y covers the entire lIP Services is deploying the Access within the hotzone historic downtown as well as network which will cover 590 acres (with speeds of up to the East Lake Toho (238 hectares). It will offer other I Mbps) is free of charge to waterfront park (about 20 amenities such as fiber to the residents and visitors. square blocks), home/office, As Dart of the service, 15 city Scope Public/private Fee vs free system Cost Status HP is also deploying a hotzone covering twelve square blocks in St. Cloud's dO\li11tOwn by the summer. 28. Urbana, IL downtown hotzone 29. Washington, DC Hotzone free public outdoor wireless hotspot on Capitol Hill ;--- 16