Planning Comm PKT 09-01-2004
September 1, 2004
7:00 p.m.
City of Federal Way
PLANNIN G CO MMISSI 0 N
New City Hall
Patrick Maher Room/1 sl Floor
AGENDA
1. CALL TO ORDER
2. ROLL CALL
3. APPROY AL OF MINUTES
4. AUDIENCE COMMENT
S. ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT
6. COMMISSION BUSINESS
.
PUBLIC HEARING
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Code Amendments
7. ADDITIONAL BUSINESS
8. AUDIENCE COMMENT
9. ADJOURN
Commissioners
John Caulfield, Chair
Dini Duclos
William Drake
Grant Newport
Tony Moore (Alternate #2)
Hope Elder. ¡ 'ice-Chair
Dave Osaki
Merle Pfeifer
Christine Nelson (Alternate #l)
Lawson Bronson (4//ernate #3)
City Staff
Kathy McClung. CDS Director
Margaret Clark, Senior Planner
E. Tina Piety. Administrative Assistant
253-835-2601
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K:\Planning Commission\2004\Agenda 09-0 1-04.doc
City.qfFederalWay
PLANNING COMMISSION
Regular Meeting
April 21, 2004
7:00 p.m.
MEETING MINUTES
Commissioners present: John Caulfield, Hope Elder, Dave Osaki, Dini Duclos, Bill Drake, and Grant
Newport. Commissioners absent: Marta Justus Foldi (excused). Alternate Commissioners present: Lawson
Bronson, Tony Moore, and Merle Pfeifer. Alternate Commissioners absent: Christine Nelson (unexcused).
City Council present: Deputy Mayor Linda Kochmar and Council Member Jeanne Burbidge. Staff present:
Community Development Scniccs Director Kathy McClung, Community Development Services Deputy
Director Greg Fewins, Senior Planner Margaret Clark, Associate Planner Isaac Conlen, Assistant City
Attorney Karen Jorgensen. Traffic Engineer Rick Perez, Contract Planner Janet Shull, Jones & Stokes Lisa
g~ueter, and Administrative Assistant E. Tina Piety.
Chair Caulfield called the meeting to order at 7:05 p.m.
ApPROVAL OF MINUTES
It was m/s/c to adopt the April 7.2004, minutes as presented.
A UDIENCE COMMENT
None.
ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT
None
COMMISSION BUSINESS
PUBLIC HEARING - Potential Annexation Area (PAA) Subarea Plan
Mr. Conlen delivered a presentation on questions raised at the last public hearing. It was stated that a
development agreement is an option for the Rabie property.
PUBLIC HEARING - New Freeway Commercial Zoning Classification
Ms. Shull delivered a presentation on questions raised at the last public hearing. Because the Commission
wanted to know what parcels this proposed zoning could be applied to, she showed a map of the current
zoning in the areas considered for this proposed zoning classification. Ms. Shull commented that if this
zoning classification is approved. any owner wishing to apply this proposed zone to their property would
have to go through the City's Comprehensive Plan Amendment process.
PUBLIC HEARING - 2003 Comprehensive Plan Amendments - Quadrant Site-Specific Request
Ms. Clark delivered the staff report. Commissioner Newport recused himself from the Quadrant site-
specific request. This is a request to delete a proposed road from the Federal Way Comprehensive Plan
(FWCP). The road in question is an extension of Weyerhaeuser Way. The City Council required the
K\Planning Commission\2004\Meeling Summary 04-21.04 .doc
Planning Commission Minutes
Page 2
April 21, 2004
applicant to prepare a traffic study analyzing the effects of deleting this street from the comprehensive
plan. The study concluded that no roadway improvements would be needed by 2020 as a result of the
proposed action. Due to this proposal, Mr. Perez asked the Commission to consider amending the
comprehensive plan to make 32nd Avenue South a principal collector from South 320th Street to
approximately South 316th Street.
The meeting was opened to public testimony. Commissioner Duclos informed the Commission that she
had spoken to Steve McNey and encouraged him to bring his comments to this public hearing.
Wally Costello - Applicant for the Quadrant request. He explained their proposal for the parcels
the road would pass through and showed how the road would be detrimental to the proposed
project. There are wetlands on the property that will restrict development and a road would
restrict it further.
Joanne Kirkland - She spoke in opposition of the Jackson request. She stated that the map in the
staff report shows 312th as a through street (from 32nd to Military), but it is not. The report also
says that a grocery store would decrease the amount of traffic in the area, but how could adding
retail decrease the amount of traffic? She also commented that she recently learned that the P AA
process has been going on for some two years, but this is the first she has heard about it. She is
concerned that annexation would raise taxes and services would go down. This is a safe area for
children and she is concerned that will change.
Chairman Caulfield asked if King County mailed a notification of the PAA Subarea Plan to those within
the P AA? Ms. Grueter replied that the issue was on the King County website, but for the most part, the
City of Federal Way mailed the notifications. A notification had been sent in the utility mailings.
Charles Gibson - He spoke his support of the Northlake request and said he was available if the
Commission had any questions.
Cindy Cope - She spoke in opposition of the Jackson request. She feels there is no need to bring
more retail into the area. There is a lot of available retail space in Federal Way, such as the
vacant theater and empty spaces in the Mall and Ross Plaza and SeaTac Village, etc. This area is
a very private neighborhood that is safe for children to ride their bikes. Opening 32nd would
bring more traffic, which would make it more dangerous for children to ride their bikes and
would bring in more crime.
"'"
Steve McNey - He is the Jackson property manager. They want Community Business (Be)
zoning because they feel they can best serve the neighborhood and the City with that zoning.
They are not trying to compete with the downtown core. A grocery store in this area would
decrease traffic on 320th, would proved a tax base to the City, and would provide a service to the
neighborhood. They have submitted a docket to King County asking for a zoning change to
commercial business.
Kristen Wynne - She SPOkè in opposition of the Jackson request. She feels the proposed Freeway
Commercial zone is not compatible with existing uses. If a car dealership were to go into the
area, it would mean more lights and noise. She commented that 320th is already a disaster area
on the weekends. A more intense traffic study should be done before a decision is made. In
addition, in terms of aesthetics, a car dealership at the entrance to Federal Way is a step in the
wrong direction.
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Planning Commission Minutes
Page 3
April 21, 2004
Public testimony was closed. It was mls/c (unanimous) to recommend adoption ofthe Neighborhood
Business comprehensive plan designation and Neighborhood Business (BN) zoning for the Davis PAA
site-specific request. It was m/s/c (unanimous) to recommend adoption of the Single Family, High Density
comprehensive plan designation and Single Family 9.6 zoning for the Northlake P AA site-specific request.
The Commission discussed how the owner of the Rabie PAA sit-specific request could utilize a
development agreement. Mr. Fewins informed the Commission that annexation of this area is not
anticipated in the near future and the owner plans to develop soon. It was mlslf(one yes, four no, one
abstain) to recommend adoption of the Neighborhood Business comprehensive plan designation and
Neighborhood Business (BN) zoning for the Rabie P AA site-specific request. The Commission expressed
concern over downzoning the property. It was mlslf(three yes, three no) to recommend adoption of the
Single Family, High Density comprehensive plan designation and Single Family 7.2 zoning for the Rabie
P AA site-specific request; with the stipulation that the Planning Commission feels strongly that a self-
storage/mini-storage use would be an acceptable use on this site. After further discussion, it was concluded
that the Rabie PAA site-specific request would go forward with no Planning Commission recommendation.
It was mlslf(one yes, five no) to recommend adoption of the Community Business comprehensive plan
designation and Community Business (Be) zoning for the Jackson P AA site-specific request. It was m/s/c
(four yes, two no) to recommend adoption of the Office Park comprehensive plan designation and Office
Park (OP) zoning to the south part of the Jackson P AA site-specific request, and Single Family High
Density comprehensive plan designation and Single Family RS 9.6 zoning to the north part of the Jackson
P AA site-specific request.
It was m/s/c (five yes, one no) to recommend adoption of the staff recommendation for the New Freeway
Commercial Zoning Classification. It was m/s/c (unanimous) to recommend adoption, with the
aforementioned changes, of the staff recommendation for the P AA Subarea Plan. It was mls/c (four yes, one
no, one excused) to recommended adoption of the staff recommendation for the Quadrant site-specific
request with the amendment that 32nd Avenue South, from South 320th Street to approximately South 316th
Street, would be reclassified from a minor to a principal collector, it would use Cross Section "0," Map 111-
6 would be modified to reflect this, and 32nd Avenue South from South 320th Street to approximately South
316th Street would replace Weyerhaeuser Way as Map ID #35 on Table 111-19.
The Public Hearings were closed at 8:55. These items will be scheduled for the May 3,2004, City Council
Land Use/Transportation Committee, which will meet at 5:30 p.m. in City Hall Council Chambers.
ADDITIONAL BUSINESS
None.
AUDIENCE COMMENT
None.
ADJOURN
The meeting was adjourned at 9:00 p.m.
K:\Planning Commission\2004\Meeting Summary04-21-04.doc
~
CITYOF~ .
Federal Way
STAFF REPORT TO THE PLANNING COMMISSION
Amendments to Federal Way City Code (FWCC) Chaphrs 22 and 18
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and Wellhead Protection Areas
File #O4-102618-00-UP
Planning Commission Meeting of September 1,2004
I.
PURPOSE OF THE PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
The purpose of the proposed Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas is to provide the City with a
mechanism to protect Wellhead Protection Areas and those areas deemed necessary to provide
adequate recharge and protection to aquifers used as sources of potable (drinking) water (Critical
Aquifer Recharge Areas [CARAs]). Wellhead Protection Areas meet the definition of critical
aquifer recharge areas; therefore, in this report, Wellhead Protection Areas and Critical Aquifer
Recharge Areas will both be referred to as CARAs.
II.
BACKGROUND
A.
Requirements of the Growth Management Act
In 1990, the Washington State Legislature adopted the Growth Management Act - Engrossed
Substitute House Bill 2929, codified as Chapter 36.70A RCW (Revised Code of
Washington). This statute, combined with Article 11 of the Washington State Constitution,
mandates that local jurisdictions adopt ordinances that classify, designate, and regulate land
use in order to protect critical areas. Pursuant to RCW 36.70AO30, "Critical Areas" are
defined as wetlands, frequently flooded areas, areas with a critical recharging effect on
aquifers used for potable water (aquifer recharge areas), geologically hazardous areas, and
those areas necessary for fish and wildlife conservation.
B.
Federal Safe Drinking Water Act
Section 1428 of the 1986 Amendments to the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act mandates that
every state develop a wellhead protection program. The Safe Drinking Water Act requires
that all federally defined public water systems (Group A systems!) using groundwater as their
source implement a Wellhead Protection Program. According to the 1986 Safe Drinking
1 This includes all public water systems that serve 25 or more persons or 15 or more connections. Refer to WAC 246-290-020 for
more details.
Water Amendments, Wellhead Protection Areas (WHPAs) are defined as, ". ..the surface and
subsurface area surrounding a well or wellfield, supplying a public water system, through
which contaminants are reasonably likely to move toward and reach such water well or
wellfield."
C.
Washington State Wellhead Protection Program
In Washington State, the Governor designated the Department of Health (DOH) as the lead
agency for wellhead protection program development and administration. In July of 1994, the
Washington Administrative Code (WAC) addressing requirements for Group A public water
systems (WAC 246-290) was modified to include mandatory wellhead protection measures
for all Group A water systems in the state using wells or springs as their source of supply.
The Lakehaven Utility District (LUD) is a Group-A public water system, which uses
groundwater as a source, and is, therefore, mandated under federal and state law to
implement a wellhead protection program.
D.
Relationship of Critical Aquifer Recharge Area with the State Environmental Policy Act
(SEP A) and Federal Way City Code (FWCC) Chapter 18
Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.030(5) and FWCC Section 18-141, critical aquifer recharge areas
are considered sensitive areas. WAC 197-11-908 states that each city or county may select
certain categorical exemptionsthat do not apply in one or more critical areas designated in a
critical areas ordinance. The City has determined that the exemptions within WAC 197-11-
800 that are inapplicable for critical areas are the following:
(1) WAC 197 -11-800( I), Minor new construction, flexible threshold
(2) WAC 197-11-800(2)(a) through (g), Other minor new construction
(3) WAC 197-11-800(6)(a), Minor land use decisions, short plat approval
(4) WAC 197-11-800~, Utilities
The CARAs ordinance will be implemented as part of SEP A review.
III.
ROLE OF LAKEHA VEN UTILITY DISTRICT
In the City of Federal Way, the Lakehaven Utility District (LUD), a Group-A public water system,
operates 13 wells thatare located within the City limits and serve all of Federal Way's residents
and businesses. In addition to these 13 wells, there are additional wells located just outside the
City limits within the designated Potential Annexation Area (PAA). The LUD relies on four major
aquifers: the Redondo-Milton Aquifer (RMC); Mirra- Lake Aquifer (MLA); Eastern Upland
Aquifers (EUA); and Federal Way Deep Aquifer (FWDA). These aquifers underlay the majority
of the City.
The LUD has the primary responsibility for developing and implementing state-mandated
wellhead protection program requirements. To date, LUD has completed the following state-
mandated requirements:
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & WelIhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #04-1026 I 8-00-UP
Page 2
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A completed susceptibility assessment
Delineated wellhead protection areas for each well
An inventory within each wellhead protection area of all potential sources of contamination
that may pose a threat to the water bearing zone (aquifer) utilized by the well
Documented that delineation and inventory findings have been distributed to required entities
Developed a contingency plan for providing alternate sources of drinking water in the event
that contamination does occur.
Coordinated with local emergency responders for appropriate spill/incident response measures.
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IV.
Critical Aq uifer Recharge Areas - Designation and Glassification
In Washington State, a wellhead protection area is based on established times of travel, or in other
words the amount of time it takes for a particle of water at the zone boundary to travel to the well
site. The state DOH requires that each well have three designated Wellhead Protection Areas
(WHPAs) as follows:
Zone 1 - One-year capture zone: Zone 1 is managed to protect the drinking water supply
from viral, microbial, and direct chemical contamination.
Zone 2 - Five-year capture zone: Within Zone 2, all potential contamination sources shall be
addressed, with an emphasis on pollution prevention and risk reduction management.
Zone 3 - Ten-year capture zone: Within Zone 3, existing "high risk" and medium risk
potential contaminant sources will be targeted to receive increased regulatory attention and
technical assistance, with an emphasis on pollution prevention and risk reduction management.
Buffer Zone: In addition to the above, a buffer zone may be identified that potentially extends to
include the entire zone of contribution (the entire area around a well or wdlfield that is recharging
or contributing water to the well or wellfield.). The buffer zone may àlso identify additional non-
contiguous critical aquifer recharge areas requiring protection from contamination. In the City of
Federal Way, CARAs will be implemented in only Zones 1-3 as follows:
1. Class I CARAs include those mapped areas located within the one-year capture zone
of a Wellhead Protection Area (Exhibit A).
2. Class 2 CARAs include those mapped areas located within the five-year capture zone
of a Wellhead Protection Area (Exhibit B).
3. Class 3 CARAs include those mapped areas located within the ten-year capture zone
of a Wellhead Protection Area (Exhibit C).
In developing regulations to protect critical aquifer recharge areas and wellheads, the one-year
capture zone is the most critical in terms of eliminating risks of contamination. A hazardous
material spill or release within the one-year capture zone would be difficult to contain or clean up
before it might potentially reach the drinking water source. Typical clean up activities can take six
months or longer to implement and carry out.
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #O4-102618-00-UP
Page 3
v.
VI.
RESEARCH
Staff reviewed the following documents/materials in the preparation of the proposed amendments
to the FWCC:
.
Federal Requirements established by the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1986
Washington State DOH, Wellhead Protection Program Guidance Document, April 1995
Department of Ecology, Guidance Document for the Establishment of Critical Aquifer
Recharge Area Ordinances, July 2000
Lakehaven Utility District, Wellhead Protection Area Definition, June 1996
Lakehaven Utility District, Wellhead Protection Program, December 1998
EP AI AP AlP AS, A Guide to Wellhead Protection, 1995
AP A Environment and Development, A Primer in Aquifer and Wellhead Protection,
February 1994
APA Zoning News, Zoningfor Wellhead Protection, August 1995
City of Bonney Lake, Wellhead Protection Areas - Classification and Regulation'
City of Burien, Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas - Classification and Performance
Standards, 2003
City of Portland, OR; Columbia South Shore Wellhead Protection Area, June 2003
City of Redmond, Wellhead Protection Ordinance, 2003
City of Renton, Wellhead Protection Regulations
South Tacoma, Groundwater Protection District Regulations, 1988
City of Stanwood, Wellhead Protection Code Provisions (summary)
City of Issaquah, Proposed Amendments for Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas (CARA),
2004
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.
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
Aquifer recharge areas provide a source of potable water and contribute to stream discharge during
periods of low flow. The City finds that certain portions of its planning area are susceptible to
contamination of drinking water and watercourse supplies through rapid infiltration of pollutants
through the soi I to ground water aquifers. The primary purpose of Wellhead Protection Area
regulations is to protect critical aquifer recharge areas by preventing land use activities that pose
potential contamination and to minimize impacts to rechargeàreas through the application of strict
performance standards.
Through adoption of the CARAs ordinance, proposed new development, expansion, or
modification of existing land use activities within identified wellhead protection areas and critical
recharge areas which can pose potential risks to the City's water supply can be identified and the
risks substantially minimized through application of appropriate land use controls, development
standards, and environmental mitigation measures.
The July 2000 Department of Ecology "Guidance Document for the Establishment of Critical
Aquifer Recharge area Ordinances" recommends that adoption of new rules or ordinances consider
existing activities and facilities. This publication states that existing activities or facilities that do
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #O4-IO2618-00-UP
Page 4
not pose a significant threat to the public health or environment may be allowed to continue over
areas designated as a CARA. However, upon modification of the activity (expansion, remodeling,
etc.), the jurisdiction is strongly advised to take the opportunity to require the owner/operator to at
least meet AKART (all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevention, control, and
treatment) in order to reduce the potential for contamination ofthe groundwater source(s). Through
implementation of SEP A, the CARAs code amendments will regulate all development activities,
unless exempted by FWCC Section 18-141.
FWCC Chapter 21, "Surface and Stormwater Management," has adopted the King County Surface
Water Design Manual (KCSWDM), the Federal Way Addendum to the KCSWDM, and the King
County Stormwater Pollution Control Manual (BMP Manual). In combination, these regulations
apply to all existing development, new development, and redevelopment. Regulated development
includes all single-family residential development; projects that add 5,000 square feet or more of
new impervious surface; collection and concentration of surface and stormwater runoff from a
drainage area of more than 5,000 square feet; projects which contain or directly discharge to a
floodplain, stream, lake, wetland, or closed depression, groundwater discharge area, or other water
quality sensitive area; or redevelopment of property which drains or discharges to a receiving
water that has a documented water quality problem.
The following is a summary of the proposed FWCC amendments.
1.
Amend FWCC Section 22-1, "Definitions": Add new definitions as necessary related to
the new code language. The proposed new definitions are contained in Exhibit D.
2.
Amend FWCC Chapter 22, Article IV, "Nonconformance": Add a new section that
addresses nonconforming uses or development located in Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas
and Wellhead Protection Areas (Exhibit E). Alteration or expansion of existing uses or
activities that are prohibited in Wellhead Capture Zone 1 would be prohibited. Alteration or
expansion of other regulated uses in CARAs would be allowed subject to the requirements of
FWCC Chapter 22, Article XIV, "Environmentally Sensitive Areas," Division 9 - Critical
Aquifer Recharge Areas and Wellhead Protection Areas.
3.
Amend FWCC Section 22-1223, "Environmentally Sensitive Areas": Add ".. .subject
property if it is located within a Critical Recharge Area or aI, 5, or 10-year Wellhead
Capture Zone" (Page 30f Exhibit F). The recommended amendment is as follows:
This article applies to the subject property if it:
(1) Contains or is within 25 feet of a regulated slope:
(2) Contains or is within 100 feet of a wellhead;
(3) Contains or is within 100 feet of the ordinary high water mark of a major stream;
(4) Contains or is within 50 feet of the ordinary high water mark of a minor stream;
(5) Contains or is within 25 feet of any regulated lake; ef
(6) Contains or is within 200 feet of the edge of any regulated wetland, including
regulated wetlands associated with any major stream, minor stream, or
regulated lake; or
(7) Is located within a Critical Recharge Area or a L 5, or 10-year Wellhead Capture
Zone.
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #04-1 02618-00-UP
Page 5
VII.
4.
Amend FWCC Section 22-1242, "Environmentally Sensitive Areas": Add reference to
LUD maps that show the location of the wellhead capture zones (Page 4 of Exhibit F). The
recommended language is as follows:
"The City hereby adopts the Lakehaven Utility District Wellhead L 5, and 10 Year
Capture Zones Map as now existing or amended."
The wellfield capture zone areas may be modified from time to time based on updated
information provided by the Lakehaven Utility District."
5.
Amend FWCC Chapter 22, Article XIV, "Environmentally Sensitive Areas": Add a
new Division 9 - Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas Wellhead Protection Areas (Exhibit F).
This new Division 9 is proposed to contain the following:
1.
2.
Identify prohibited new land uses or activities within Wellhead 1 Year Capture Zones;
Establish performance standards for certain uses or activities within designated wellhead
protection areas that involve hazardous materials.
6.
Amend Chapter 22, Article XIII, Division 7, "Land Modifications" (Exhibit G): State
that, "The requirements of Chapter 22, Article XIV Critical Areas shall govern for fill
occurring in Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and Wellhead Protection Areas."
7.
Amend FWCC Chapter 18 (Exhibit H):
1.
Housekeeping changes have been made to language in this chapter to bring it into
compliance with previous changes made in Chapter 197-11 WAC (SEP A Rules) as a
result of the adoption of House Bill 1724.
Definitions are being added relative to the new Critical Aquifer Recharge Area and
Wellhead Protection amendments.
Amendments are being made to existing definitions to make them consistent with
FWCC Section 22-1, "Definitions."
2.
3.
PUBLIC COMMENT RECEIVED
The City issued a Determination of Nonsignificance (DNS) on the proposed amendments on July
17,2004 (Exhibit I). We received the following three agency responses on the DNS.
I.
Letter from Tacoma Water stating that they have no comments (Exhibit J).
2.
July 24,2004, letter from Lakehaven Utility District (Exhibit K). In response to Lakehaven's
comments, staff has amended the definition of "qualified groundwater scientist." We do not
propose to regulate the I OO-year capture zone under the proposed regulations, as there are
other regulations in place (Surface Water Management and inspections through the Fire
Department) that can address potential problems. We have added language (Section 22-1374)
to address Lakehaven's concern relative to maintenance of their wells (Page 18 of Exhibit F).
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #O4-102618-00-UP
Page 6
3.
August 2,2004, letter from Department of Ecology (Exhibit L). The Department of Ecology's
concern about source control related to new development and redevelopment is already
addressed through the City's adoption of the KCSWDM, the Federal Way Addendum to the
KCSWDM, and the King County BMP Manual.
VIII.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the FWCC be amended to impleme.nt Critical Aquifer Recharge Area and
wellhead protection regulations as proposed in Section III of this report.
IX.
REASON FOR PLANNING COMMISSION ACTION
FWCC Chapter 22 "Zoning," Article IX, "Process VI Review," establishes a process and criteria for
zoning code text amendments. Consistent with Process VI review, the role ofthe Planning
Commission is as follows:
1. To review and evaluate the zoning code text regarding any proposed amendments.
2. To determine whether the proposed zoning code text amendment meets the criteria
provided by FWCC Section 22-528.
3. To forward a recommendation to City Counci I regard ing adoption of the proposed
zoning code text amendment.
X.
DECISIONAL CRITERIA
FWCC Section 22-528 provides criteria for zoning text amendments.- The following section
analyzes the compliance of the proposed zoning text amendments with the criteria provided by
FWCC Section 22-528. The City may amend the text of the FWCC only if it finds that:
1.
The proposed amendment is consistent with the applicable provisions of the
comprehensive plan.
The Federal Way Comprehensive Plan (FWCP) Chapter IX, "Natural Environment,"
Wellhead Protection Areas section includes the following language:
The intent of the wellhead protection program is to be proactive and prevent
contamination of groundwater used for drinking water. The objective of wellhead
protection is to protect the health of people using groundwater supplies for drinking
water. This is accomplished by providing management zones around public wells or
wellfields to detect and manage potential sources of groundwater contamination. Another
goal of the program is to promote awareness of special efforts to protect the groundwater
and urge customers to take a proactive approach to protecting the sources of the City's
drinking water.
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #O4-IO2618-00-UP
Page 7
And;
. The City will prepare wellhead protection regulations as part of its future work program
to be performed through a process developed by a joint City/District Wellhead Protection
Committee, as is required by current state regulations.
The proposed FWCC text amendment is consistent with the following FWCP goals and
policies:
NEG4
Implement a local wellhead protection program to ensure a safe source of
drinking water and to avoid the large financial impact of contaminated wells.
NEP24 The City will continue to work in conjunction with local water purveyors to
delineate Wellhead Protection Areas for each well and wellfield as required and
outlined by the state's Wellhead Protection program.
NEP27 The City should establish an interagency Wellhead Protection Committee to
coordinate and implement a Wellhead Protection Plan, as is required by current
state regulations.
NEP29 The City should establish buffer zones of sufficient size to protect wellhead areas.
2.
The proposed amendment bears a substantial relationship to public health, safety, or
welfare.
The proposed amendment bears a substantial relationship to public health, safety, or welfare
because it provides regulations that will protect the City's drinking water supply. These
regulations establish a wellhead protection overlay to the official zoning map that identifies
areas where proposed activities could present risk to contamination of the City's drinking
water supply. A review process is established for proposed activities within the wellhead
capture areas whereby potential risks to drinking water can be identified through the
environmental review process and mitigated.
3.
The proposed amendment is in the best interest Œ the residents of the City.
The proposed text amendment is in the best interest of the residents of the City because it
provides for increased protection for the residents' primary supply of drinking water.
XI.
PLANNING COMMISSION ACTION
Consistent with the provisions of FWCC Section 22-539, the Planning Commission may take the
following actions regarding the proposed zoning code text amendments:
1. Recommend to City Council adoption of the FWCC text amendments as proposed;
2. Modify the proposed FWCC text amendments and recommend to City Council adoption of
the FWCC text amendments as modified;
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #04-1 02618-OO-UP
Page 8
3. Recommend to City Council that the proposed FWCC text amendments not be adopted; or
4. Forward the proposed FWCC text amendments to City Council without a recommendation.
XII.
EXHIBITS
Exhibit A
Exhibit B
Exhibit C
Exhibit D
Exhibit E
Exhibit F
Exhibit G
Exhibit H
Exhibit I
Exhibit J
Exhibit K
Exhibit L
Class 1 CARAs
Class 2 CARAs
Class 3 CARAs
FWCC Section 22-1, "Definitions"
FWCC Chapter 22, Article IV, "Nonconformance"
FWCC Chapter 22, Article XIV, "Environmentally Sensitive Areas"
FWCC Chapter 22, Article XIII, Division 7, "Land Modifications"
FWCC Chapter 18, "Environmental Protection"
Notice of Environmental Determination of Non significance
March 3, 2000, Tacoma Water Letter
July 21, 2004, Lakehaven Utility District Letter
August 2, 2004, Washington State Department of Ecology Letter
1:\2004 Code Amendments\ WeOhead Protectioo\Planning Commission\StaffRepat.docl08/2612004 3: 18 PM
Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas & Wellhead Protection Areas
Planning Commission Staff Report
File #04-1026 I 8-O0-UP
Page 9
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EXHIBIT
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FEDERAL WAY CITY CODE
CHAPTER 22. ARTICLE I.
22-1
Definitions.
The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this chapter, shall have the meanings ascribed
to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:
Abandoned means knowing relinquishment, by the owner, of right or claim to the subject property or
structure on that property, without any intention of transferring rights to the property or structure to
another owner, tenant, or lessee, or of resuming the owner's use of the property. "Abandoned" shall
include but not be limited to circumstances involving tax forfeiture, bankruptcy, or mortgage foreclosure.
Abandoned personal wireless service facility means a PWSF that meets the following:
(1) Operation has voluntarily ceased for a period of 60 or more consecutive days; or
(2) The effective radiated power of an antenna has been reduced by 75 percent for a period of 60
or more consecutive days; or
(3) The antenna has been relocated at a point less than 80 percent of the height of the support
structure; or
(4) The number of transmissions from an antenna has been reduced by 75 percent for a period of
60 or more consecutive days.
Accessory means a use, activity, structure or part of a structure which is subordinate and incidental to
the main activity or structure on the subject property.
Accessory dwelling unit (ADU) means either a freestanding detached structure or an attached part of a
structure which is subordinate and incidental to the main or primary dwelling unit located on the subject
property, providing complete, independent living facilities exclusively for one single housekeeping unit,
including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, cooking and sanitation.
ADU, attached means an accessory dwelling unit that has one or more vertical and/or horizontal
walls, in common with or attached to the primary dwelling unit.
ADU, detached means a freestanding accessory dwelling unit that is not attached or physically
connected to the primary dwelling unit.
Accessory hardship dwelling unit means an attached ADU which satisfies the criteria set forth in
FWCC 22-633.
Accessory living facility means an area or structure on the subject property, which is accessory to a
permitted use on a commercial subject property, providing provisions for living, cooking, sleeping and
sanitation for an employee on the subject property and that employee's family, or for the business
owner/operator and that person's family.
Adjoining means property that touches or is directly across a street from the subject property. For the
purpose of height regulations, any portion of a structure which is 100 feet or more from a low density
zone is not considered to be adjoining that zone.
Adult entertainment activity or use shall mean all of the following:
(1) Adult theater shall mean a building or enclosure or any portion thereof used for presenting
material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to
specified sexual activities or specified anatomical areas (defined as follows) for observation by patrons
therein and which excludes minors by virtue of age.
a. Specified anatomical areas shall mean both of the following:
1. When less than completely and opaquely covered:
i. Human genitals or pubic region;
ii. Human buttock;
iii. Human female breast below a point immediately above the top of the areola;
2. Human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if completely and opaquely
covered.
b. Specified sexual activities shall mean all of the following:
1. Human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation or arousal;
2. Acts of human masturbation, sexual intercourse or sodomy;
3. Fondling or other erotic touching of human genitals, pubic region, buttock or breast.
(2) Adult bookstore shall mean an establishment which in whole or in portion thereof has a
substantial or significant portion of its stock and trade books, magazines or other periodicals, which are
distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to "specified
sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas" and which excludes minors by virtue of age.
(3) Adult cabaret shall mean a cabaret, nightclub or other establishment which features go-go
dancers, exotic dancers, strippers, male or female impersonators, similar entertainers or attendants, who
are so clothed or dressed as to emphasize specified anatomical areas and/or whose performances or other
activities include or mimic specified sexual activities and which establishment excludes minors by virtue
of age.
Activities and uses defined as "adult entertainment activity or use" are only permitted in the zone
where that term is specifically listed as an allowable use and only in conformance to the requirements as
stated for that use.
Agricultural use means any agricultural, stable or livestock use listed as an allowable use in the
suburban estate zones.
Air rights means the right to, in some manner, control the use of the space above the surface of the
ground.
AKART means"... all known. available and reasonable methods of prevention. control and treatment"
. as interpreted in the Washin£ton Administrative Code (WAC). This is a technology-based approach to
limiting pollutants from wastewater discharges. which requires both an engineering and economic
judgment.
Alluvium means soil deposits transported by surface waters.
Antenna(s) means any system of electromagnetically tuned wires, poles, rods, reflecting discs or
similar devices used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves between terrestrial and/or orbital based
points, including, but is not limited to:
(1) Omni-directional (or "whip") antenna(s) transmits and receives.radio frequency signals in a
360-degree radial pattern.
(2) Directional (or "pane!") antenna(s) transmits and receives radio frequency signals in a
specific directional pattern of less than 360 degrees. .
(3) Parabolic antenna(s) (or "dish") antenna(s) is a bowl-shaped device for the reception and/or
transmission of communications signals in a specific directional pattern.
(4) Ancillary antenna is an antenna that is less than 12 inches in its largest dimension and that is
not directly used to provide personal wireless communications services. An example would be a global
positioning satellite (GPS) antenna.
Applicant means both of the following, depending on the content:
(1) A person who applies for any permit or approval to do anything governed by this chapter,
which person must be the owner of the subject property, the authorized agent of the owner, or the city.
(2) Any person who is engaging in an activity governed by this chapter or who is the owner of
property subject to this chapter.
Aquifer means a water-bearing porous soil or rock strata capable of yielding a significant amount of
groundwater to wells or springs.
Average building elevation (ABE) means a reference datum on a subject property from which
building height is measured. ABE is the average of the highest and lowest existing or proposed
, elevations, whichever is lowest, taken at the base of the exterior walls of the structure; provided, that ABE
shall not be greater than five feet above the lowest existing or proposed elevation.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 2
Average slope means the average grade of land within each land area representing a distinct
topographical change.
Backfil/ means material placed into an excavated area, pit, trench or behind a constructed retaining
wall or foundation.
BMP's or Best Management Practicers) means maintenance measures and operational practices that
are considered the most effective, practical means of preventing or reducing pollution from nonpoint or
point sources. BMPs are defined by trade organizations, government agencies, and other organizations
involved in pollution prevention and environmental regulation;
Building means a roofed structure used for or intended for human occupancy.
Building mounted signs means all of the following: Wall-mounted signs, marquee signs, under
marquee signs and projecting signs.
Bulkhead means a wall or embankment used for retaining earth.
Business or vocational school means a post-secondary institution that offers instruction in business
principles and practices that will enhance one's ability to perform in a business setting, i.e., secretarial,
accounting, purchasing, computer programming or usage, or training in fields such as health services,
restaurant management, real estate, beautician training, or professional training or continuing education in
these or similar fields.
Cel/-on-wheels (C-O-W) means a mobile temporary personal wireless service facility.
Cemetery means land used or intended to be used for the burial of the dead and dedicated for
cemetery purposes, including columbariums, crematories, mausoleums and mortuaries, and related uses,
when operated in conjunction with and within boundaries of such cemetery.
Change of use means a change of use determined to have occurred when it is found that the general
character of the operation has been modified. This determination shall include review of, but not be
limited to:
(1) Hours of operation;
(2) Required parking;
(3) Traffic generation;
(4) General appearance;
(5) Type, extent or amount of indoor or outdoor storage; and
(6) Constituents of surface water discharge or runoff.
Church, synagogue or other place of religious worship means an establishment, the principal purpose
of which is religious worship and for which the principal building or other structure contains the
sanctuary or principal place of worship, and which establishment may include related accessory uses.
Class I home occupation means those home businesses that qualify as home occupations under this
zoning chapter, except family child care homes.
Class II home occupation means those family child care homes that qualify under FWCC 22-1069.
College or university means a post-secondary institution for higher learning that grants associate or
bachelor degrees and may also have research facilities and/or professional schools that grant master and
doctoral degrees. This may also include community colleges that grant associate or bachelor degrees or
certificates of completion in business or technical fields.
Collocation means the placement and arrangement of multiple providers' antennas and equipment on
a single support structure or equipment pad area.
Commercial recreation facility means an indoor facility and use operated for profit, with private
facilities, equipment or services for recreational purposes including swimming pools, tennis courts,
playgrounds and other similar uses. The use of such an area may be limited to private membership or may
be open to the public upon the payment of a fee.
Commercial use means the uses allowed in the commercial zones and not permitted in any other
zones of the city.
Commercial zones means the BN, BC, CC-C and CC-F zoning districts.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 3
Common recreational open space usable for many activities means any area available to all of the
residents of the subject property that is appropriate for a variety of active and passive recreational
activities (including activities suitable for all age groups) and is not:
(1) Covered by buildings or parking or driving areas.
(2) Covered by any vegetation that impedes access.
(3) On a slope that is too steep for recreational activities.
Community recreation area or clubhouse means an area devoted to facilities and equipment for
recreational purposes, such as swimming pools, tennis courts, playgrounds, community clubhouses and
other similar uses, which area is maintained and operated by a nonprofit club or organization whose
membership is limited to the residents within a specified development or geographic area.
Comprehensive plan means the ordinances of the city, as adopted and amended from time to time,
under RCW 35A.63.060 through 35A.65.080 and the shoreline master program.
Contour line means the interconnection of points having the same height above sea level.
Convalescent center means an inpatient facility, excluding facilities defined as hospitals, for patients
who are recovering from an illness or who are receiving care for chronic conditions; mental, physical,
emotional or developmental disabilities; terminal illness; or alcohol or drug treatment and may include
assisted living facilities.
Critical aquifer recharge areas means areas in which water reaches the zone of saturation by surface
infiltration. These areas are hydro-geologically susceptible to contamination and contamination loading
potential including, but not limited to, such areas as sole water source aquifer recharge areas, special
protection groundwater management areas, wellhead protection areas, and other areas with a critical
recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water.
Cross-section (drawing) means a visual representation of a vertical cut through a structure or any
other three-dimensional form.
Curb cut means the. connection of a driveway with a street, which may entail a structural alteration to
the curb by lowering the height of part ofthe curb.
Day care facility means the temporary, nonresidential care of persons in a residence or other structure
on a regular, recurring basis.
Dedication means the deliberate appropriation of land by its owner for public use or purpose,
reserving no other rights than those that are compatible with the full exercise and enjoyment of the public
uses or purpose to which the property has been devoted.
Deleterious substance includes, but is not limited to, chemical and microbial substances that are
classified as hazardous materials under FWCC 22-1. "hazardous materials," whether the substances are in
usable or waste condition, that have the potential to pose a si¡?;llificant groundwater hazard, or for which
monitorinf!: requirements of treatment based standards are enforced under Chapter 246-290 WAc.
Development activity means any work, condition or activity which requires a permit or approval
under this chapter or the city's building code.
Development permit means any permit or approval under this chapter or the city's building code that
must be obtained before initiating a use or development activity.
Domestic animal means an animal which can be and is customarily kept or raised in a home or on a
farm.
Domestic violence shelters means housing for adult women or men and their dependent children, if
any, who are victims of domestic violence perpetrated by the spouse, domestic partner or significant other
of the adult victim.
Dredging means removal of earth and other materials from the bottom of a body of water or
watercourse or from a wetland.
Dredging spoils means the earth and other materials removed from the bottom of a body of water or
watercourse or from a wetland by dredging.
Driveway means an area of the subject property designed to provide vehicular access to a parking
area or structure located on the subject property.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 4
Dry land means the area of the subject property landward of the high water line.
Dwelling unit means one or more rooms in a structure or structures, excluding mobile homes,
providing complete, independent living facilities exclusively for one family, including permanent
provisions for living, sleeping, cooking and sanitation. A factory-built home or manufactured home is
considered a dwelling unit under this chapter only if it meets the standards and criteria of a designated
manufactured home established in RCW 35A.63.145. There are the following three types of dwelling
units:
(1) Dwelling unit, attached, means a dwelling unit that has one or more vertical walls in common
with or attached to one or more other dwelling units or other uses and does not have other dwelling units
or other uses above or below it. -
(2) Dwelling unit, detached, means a dwelling unit that is not attached or physically connected to
any other dwelling unit or other use.
(3) Dwelling unit, stacked, means a dwelling unit that has one or more horizontal walls in
common with or attached to one or more other dwelling units or other uses and may have one or more
vertical walls in common with or adjacent to one or more other dwelling units or other uses.
Easement means land which has specific air, surface or subsurface rights conveyed for use by
someone other than the owner of the subject property or to benefit some property other than the subject
property.
EMF means electromagnetic field, which is the field produced by the operation of equipment used in
transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.
Equipment shelter means the structure associated with a PWSF that is used to house electronic
switching equipment, cooling system and back-up power systems.
Erosion and deposition means the removal of soils and the placement ofthese removed soils
elsewhere by the natural forces of wind or water.
Essential public/aGility is any facility or conveyance which has the following attributes:
(1) It is typically difficult to site due to unusual site requirements and/or significant public
opposition;
(2) It is necessary component of a system, network or program which provides a public service or
good;
(3) It is owned or operated by a unit oflocal or state government, private or nonprofit
organization under contract with or receiving government funding, or private firms subject to a public
service obligation;
(4) It meets a general and/or specific category for facility types or individual facilities listed
below in Class I and Class II essential public facilities.
a. Class I: Facilities of a county, regional or state-wide nature. Those essential public
facilities intended to serve a population base that extends significantly beyond the boundaries of
the city, and which may include several local jurisdictions or a significant share ofthe Puget
Sound regional population. Such facilities may include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. State or regional education facilities (except minor branch facilities).
i. Research facilities;
ii. University branch campuses;
iii. Community college.
2. State or regional transportation facilities.
i. Light and/or standard rail lines;
ii. Commuter terminals;
iii. Transit centers;
iv. Park and ride lots in residential zones.
3. State or regional correctional facilities.
4. Solid waste handling facilities (large scale).
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 5
i. Transfer station;
ii. Recycling center.
5. Sewage treatment plants.
6. Power plants.
b. Class II: Facilities of a local nature. Those essential public facilities that are intended to
meet the service needs of the local community. In any cases local facilities are characterized by
providing some type of in-patient care, assistance, or monitoring. Such facilities may include, but
are not limited to, the following:
1. Substance abuse facilities.
2. Mental health facilities.
3. Group homes/special need housing.
4. Local schools.
i. Elementary school.
ii. Middle school.
iii. High school.
5. Social service transitional housing.
i. Domestic violence shelter.
ii. Homeless shelter.
iii. Work-release.
Excavate or excavation means the mechanical removal of soils and/or underlying strata.
Family means an individual or two or more individuals related by not more than four degrees of
affinity or consanguinity and including persons under legal guardianship, or a group of not more than five
persons who are not related by four or fewer degrees of affinity or consanguinity; provided, however, that
any limitation on the number of residents resulting from this definition shall not be applied if it prohibits
the city from making reasonable accommodations to disabled persons in order to afford such persons
equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling as required by the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988,
42 USC 3604(f)(3)(b).
Family child care home means a business regularly providing care during part of the 24-hour day to
12 or fewer children (including the children of the day care provider) in the family abode of the person or
persons under whose direct care the children are placed.
Fast food restaurant means an establishment which offers quick food service which is accomplished
through one or more of the following mechanisms:
(I) Limited menu of easily produced items.
(2) Orders are not taken at the customer's table.
(3) Food is served in disposable wrappings or containers.
Fence means a manmade barrier or wall constructed for the purpose of enclosing space or separating
parcels of land.
Fill material means dirt, structural rock or gravel, broken concrete and similar structural substances
customarily used to raise the level of the ground, but excluding topsoil, bark, ornamental rocks or gravel
placed on the surface of the ground.
Finished grade means the final contour of the land surface prior to landscaping.
Floor means the horizontal surface inside a structure designed and intended for human use and
occupancy.
Geologically hazardous areas means areas which because of their susceptibility to erosion, land-
sliding, seismic or other geological events are not suited to siting commercial, residential or industrial
development consistent with public health or safety concerns. Geologically hazardous areas include the
following areas:
(I) Erosion hazard areas are those areas having a severe to very severe erosion hazard due to
natural agents such as wind, rain, splash, frost action or stream flow.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 6
(2) Landslide hazard areas are those areas potentially subject to episodic downslope movement
of a mass of soil or rock including, but not limited to, the following areas:
a. Any area with a combination of:
1. Slopes greater than 15 percent;
2. Permeable sediment, predominately sand and gravel, overlying relatively impermeable
sediment or bedrock, typically silt and clay; and
3. Springs or groundwater seepage.
b. Any area which has shown movement during the holocene epoch, from 10,000 years ago to
present, or which is underlain by mass wastage debris of that epoch.
c. Any area potentially unstable as a result of rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion or
undercutting by wave action.
d. Any area located in a ravine or on an active alluvial fan, presently or potentially subject to
inundation by debris flows or flooding.
e. Those areas identified by the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation
Service as having a severe limitation for building site development.
f. Those areas mapped as class U (unstable), UOS (unstable old slides), and URS (unstable
recent slides) by the Department of Ecology.
g. Slopes having gradients greater than 80 percent subject to rockfall during seismic shaking.
(3) Seismic hazard areas are those areas subject to severe risk of earthquake damage as a result of
seismically induced ground shaking, slope failure, settlement or soil liquefaction, or surface faulting.
These conditions occur in areas underlain by cohesionless soils of low density usually in association with
a shallow groundwater table.
(4) Steep slope hazard areas are those areas with a slope of 40 percent or greater and with a
vertical reI ief of 10 or more feet, a vertical rise of 10 feet or more for every 25 feet of horizontal distance.
A slope is delineated by establishing its toe and top, and measured by averaging the inclination over at
least 10 feet of vertical relief.
Glare means both of the following:
( I ) The reflection of harsh, bright light.
(2) The physical effect resulting from high luminances or insufficiently shielded light sources in
the field of view.
Government facility means a use consisting of services and facilities operated by any level of
government, excluding those uses listed separately in this chapter.
Gross floor area means the total square footage of all floors, excluding parking area, in a structure as
measured from either the interior surface of each exterior wall of the structure or, if the structure does not
have walls, from each outer edge of the roof. Certain exterior areas may also constitute gross floor area.
Ground floor means the floor of a structure that is closest in elevation to the finished grade along the
facade of the structure that is principally oriented to the street which provides primary access to the
subject property.
Groundwater means water that occurs in subsurface openings in the earth. such as the spaces between
particles in unconsolidated deposits or along fractures in consolidated deposits.
Groundwater contamination means the presence of any substance designated by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). or the State of Washington Department of Ecology (DOE). as a
primary or secondary water quality parameter. in excess of the maximum allowable containment level
(MCL). .
Group home type II means housing for juveniles under the jurisdiction of the criminal justice system.
Such groups include state-licensed group care homes or halfway homes for juveniles which provide
residence in lieu of sentencing or incarceration, halfway houses providing residence to juveniles needing
correction, or for those selected to participate in state-operated work release and pre-release programs. The
director of community development services shall have the discretion to classify a group home proposing
FWCC- Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 7
to serve juveniles convicted of the offenses listed under group home type III in this section as a group
home type III, and any such home shall be sited according to the regulations contained within type III
classification.
Group homes type II-A: Maximum number of 12 residents including resident staff.
Group homes type II-B: Thirteen or more residents including residential staff. Maximum number to be
determined on a case-by-case basis.
The limitation on the number of residents in a group homes type II shall not be applied if it
prohibits the city from making reasonable accommodations to disabled persons in order to afford such
persQns equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling as required by the Fair Housing Amendments Act
òn'88, 42 USC 3604(t)(3)(b).
Group homes type III means housing for adults that have been convicted of a violent crime against a
person or property, or have been convicted of a crime against a person with a sexual motivation, or have
been convicted or charged as a sexual or assaultive violent predator. These individuals are under the
jurisdiction of the criminal justice system or have entered a pre- or post-charging diversion program. Such
groups involve individuals selected to participate in state-operated work/training release and pre-release
programs or similar programs. Such category does not include full-time detention facilities.
Gymnasium means a room or building equipped for sports, which must be accessory to a school
facility, health club, social service club such as the Boys and Girls Club, or similar facility. A gymnasium
may also be used as an auditorium to hold concerts and other performing arts.
Hardship means a current or impending health condition which requires a person to live in close
proximity to, and/or share housing with a caregiver.
Hazardous liquid means: (a) Petroleum. petroleum products. or anhydrous ammonia as those terms
are defined in 49 C.F.R. Part 195 in effect March L 1998: and (b) carbon dioxide.
Hazardous materials means any material. either singularly or in combination. that is a physical or
health hazard as defined and classified in the International Fire Code. whether the materials are in useable
or waste condition: and any material that may degrade groundwater quality when improperly stored.
handled. treated. used. produced. recycled. disposed of. or otherwise mismanaged. Hazardous materials
shall also include any hazardous waste. hazardous substance. dangerous waste. or extremely hazardous
waste that is a physical or health hazard as defined or classified in Chapter 70.105 RCW and Chapter 173-
303 WAC. whether the materials are in usable or waste condition. Hazardous materials shall also include
petroleum or petroleum products that are in a liquid phase at ambient temperatures. including any waste
oils or sludge.
HaUH'-dous waste means all dangerous and extremely hamrdous waste, including substances
composed of radioactive and hazardous components (see Chapter 70.105 RC\V).
Hazardous waste storage means the holding of dangerous waste for a temporary period (see WAC
173-303-040(85).
Hazardous waste treatment means the physical, chemical or biological processing of dangerous
wastes to make such wastes nondangerous or less dangerous, safer for transport, amenable for energy or
material resource recovery, amenable for storage or reduced in volume (see WAC 173-303-040(97»).
Heat means added energy that causes substances to rise in temperature, fuse, evaporate, expand or
undergo any other related change.
Heavy equipment means high capacity mechanical devices for moving earth or other materials,
mobile power units, including but not limited to carryalls, graders, loading/unloading devices, cranes,
drag lines, trench diggers, tractors over 80 HP, augers, caterpillars, concrete mixers and conveyors,
harvesters, combines, or other major agricultural equipment, and similar devices operated by mechanical
power as distinguished from manpower.
Height of structure means the vertical distance above the average building elevation measured to the
highest point of a flat roof or to the deck line of a mansard roof, or to the mid-point between eave and
ridge of the highest principal roof of a gable, hip, gambrel, or similar sloped roof. For single-family
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 8
residential structures where the total area of dormers exceeds 35 percent of the total area of the underlying
sloped roof, height will be measured to the ridge ofthe highest principal gable.
High density residential zones means the following zones: RM 3.6, RM 2.4, RM 1.8, RS 5.0, RS 7.2,
RS 9.6, and comparable zones in other jurisdictions.
Home occupation means an occupation, enterprise, activity or profession which is incidental to a
residential use, which is carried on for profit or customarily carried on for profit and which is not an
otherwise permitted use in the zone in which it occurs.
Horizontal dimension means the length of the facade of a structure as measured along a plane,
excluding eaves which extend out no more than 18 inches from the exterior walls of the structure.
Hospital means an institution providing primary health services and medical or surgical care to persons,
primarily inpatients, suffering from illness, disease, injury, deformity and other abnormal physical or
mental conditions, and including, as an integral part of the institution, related facilities such as
laboratories, outpatient facilities, extended care facilities and/or training facilities.
Hotel or motel means a single building or group of buildings containing individual sleeping units
intended for transient occupancy.
Improvement means any structure or man made feature.
Industrial use means the uses allowed in the industrial zones and not permitted in any other zones of
the city.
Industrial zones means the BP zoning district.
Inoperable motor vehicle shall be any vehicle that has been in a stationary position for more than 14
days, is apparently inoperable or requires repairs in order to be operated legally on the public roads or is
unable to move a distance of 10 feet on level pavement under its own power.
Institutional uses mean the following uses: Schools, churches, colleges, hospitals, parks,
governmental facilities and public utilities.
Irrevocable license means a written irrevocable permission given by a property owner to the city for
specified purposes.
Issuance, when used with respect to a decision of the director of community development services or
a decision of the hearing examiner issued under this chapter, means the date that is three days after the
date the written decision of the director or hearing examiner is mailed. Proof of mailing shall be by
affidavit or by declaration under penalty of perjury.
Issuance, when used with respect to a city council decision made by ordfnance or resolution while
sitting in a quasi-judicial capacity, means the date on which the council passes the ordinance or
resolution, as evidenced by the date of passage indicated on the face of the ordinance or resolution.
Junk means old or scrap metal, rope, rags, batteries, paper, rubber, machinery, scrap wood, debris,
trash, or junked, dismantled, wrecked or inoperable motor vehicles or parts thereof.
Junk or junked vehicle means any vehicle substantially meeting at least two ofthe following conditions:
(1) Is extensively damaged, such damage including but not limited to any of the following: A
broken window or windshield or missing wheels, tires, motor, or transmission;
(2) Is apparently inoperable;
(3) Is without a current, valid registration plate.
Juflkyard means a property or place of business which is maintained, operated or used for storing,
keeping, buying, selling or salvaging junk.
Kennel means an establishment, generally retail in nature, which houses, cares for, breeds, raises or
sells dogs or cats.
Land surface modification means the clearing or removal of trees, shrubs, groundcover and other
vegetation and all grading, excavation and filling activities.
. Landscaping means the planting, removal and maintenance of vegetation along with the movement
and displacement of earth, topsoil, rock, bark and similar substances done in conjunction with the
planting, removal and maintenance of vegetation.
Landward means toward dry land.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 9
Linear frontage of subject property means the frontage of the subject property adjacent to all open,
improved rights-of-way other than Interstate 5. If the subject property is not adjacent to an open,
improved right-of-way, linear frontage means the frontage of the subject property on any public access
easements or tracts which serve the subject property and adjacent unopened and/or unimproved rights-of-
way.
Lot means a parcel of land having fixed boundaries described by reference to a recorded plat, by
reference to metes and bounds, or by reference to section, township and range.
Low density use means a detached dwelling unit on a subject property that contains at least five acres.
Low density zone means the following zones: SE and comparable zones in other jurisdictions.
Major stream means any stream, and the tributaries to any stream, which contains or supports, or
under normal circumstances contains or supports, resident or migratory fish. Ifthere exists a natural
permanent blockage on the stream course which precludes the upstream movement of anadromous
salmonid fish, then that portion of the stream which is downstream of the natural permanent blockage
shall be regulated as a major stream.
Manufactured homes means a factory-built structure transportable in one or more sections which is
built on a permanent chassis and designed to be a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when
connected to required utilities. A manufactured home shall be built to comply with the National
Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 (regulations effective June 15,
1976).
Maximum lot coverage means the maximum percentage of the surface of the subject property that
may be covered with materials which will not allow for the percolation of water into the underlying soils.
See FWCC 22-955 et seq. for further details.
Mean sea level means the level ofPuget Sound at zero tide as established by the U.S:Army Corps of
Engineers.
Medium density zones means the following zones: RS 15.0, RS 35.0 and comparable zones in other
jurisdictions.
Microcell means a wireless communication facility consisting of an antenna that is either:
(1) Four feet in height and with an area of not more than 580 square inches; or
(2) If a tubular antenna, no more than four inches in diameter and no more than six feet high.
Minor facility means a wireless communication facility consisting of up to three antennas, each which
is either:
(1) Four feet in height and with an area of not more than 580 inches; or
(2) If a tubular antenna, no more than four inches in diameter and no more than six feet in length;
and the associated equipment cabinet that is six feet or less in height and no more than 48 square feet in
floor area.
Minor stream means any stream that does not meet the definition of "major stream."
Moorage facility means a pier, dock, buoy or other structure providing docking or moorage space for
waterborne pleasure craft.
Multiuse complex means all of the following: A group of separate buildings operating under a
common name or management; or a single building containing multiple uses where there are specific
exterior entranceways for individual uses; or a group of uses on separate but adjoining properties that
request treatment as a multiuse complex.
Naturalfeatures mean physical characteristics of the subject property that are not manmade.
Natural materials means materials chemically unaltered from their natural state.
Noise means the intensity, duration and character of sound from any and all sources.
Nonconformance means any use, structure, lot, condition, activity or any other feature or element of
private or public property or the use or utilization of private or public property that does not conform to
any of the provisions ofthis chapter or that was not approved by the city of Federal Way through the
appropriate decision-making process required under this chapter.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 10
Nonliving groundcover means gravel, chipped bark or similar nonpolluting material through which
water can freely percolate to the soil beneath.
Normal maintenance means normal maintenance includes interior and exterior repairs and incidental
alterations. Normal maintenance and repair may include, but is not limited to, painting, roof repair and
replacement, plumbing, wiring and electrical systems, mechanical equipment replacement and
weatherization. Incidental alterations may include construction of non bearing walls or partitions.
}(ursing home. See "Convalescent center."
Occupant means a person that legally occupies a structure or property.
Odor means stimulus affecting the olfactory nerves.
Office use means a place of employment providing services other than production, distribution, sale
or repair of goods or commodities. The following is a nonexclusive list of office uses: Medical, dental or
other health care; veterinary, accounting, legal, architectural, engineering, consulting or other similar
professional services; management, administrative, secretarial, marketing, advertising, personnel or other
similar personnel services; sales offices where no inventories or goods are available on the premises; real
estate, insurance, travel agent, loan companies, brokerage or other similar services. The following uses
are specifically excluded from the definition of office: Banks, savings and loan companies and similar
financial institutions.
Office zones means the PO, OP and CP-I zoning districts.
Official notification boards of the city means the bulletin boards in the public areas of City Hall and
other public locations as designated by city council.
On-site hazardous waste treatment and storage facilities mean facilities which treat and store
hazardous wastes generated on the same lot or geographically contiguous or bordering property. Travel
between two properties divided by a public right-of-way, and owned, operated or controlled by the same
person, shall be considered on-site travel if:
( 1 ) The travel crosses the right-of-way at a perpendicular intersection; or
(2) The right-of-way is controlled by the property owner and is inaccessible to the public (see
WAC 173-303-040(39)).
Open record hearing means a hearing that creates the city's record of decision for an application or
appeal through testimony and submission of evidence and information, under procedures prescribed by
the city's hearing examiner or the city council. An open record hearing may be held prior to the city's
decision on an application, or as part of an appeal.
Open space means land not covered by buildings, roadways, parking areas or other surfaces through
which water cannot percolate into the underlying soils.
Ordinary high water mark means, on lakes, streams and tidal waters, that mark that will be found by
examining the bed, banks or shore and ascertaining where the presence and action of waters are so
common and usual, and so long continued in ordinary years, as to mark upon the soil or land a character
distinct from that of the abutting uplands; provided, that any tidal area where the ordinary high water
mark cannot be found based on the previous text of this definition, the ordinary high water mark shall be
the line of mean high tide.
Outdoor means not contained within a building.
Outdoor storage means any material or item (including vehicles), being stored for or awaiting sale,
lease, processing or repair and not enclosed within a building.
Owner means, in reference to real property, the person or persons holding fee title to the property as
well as the purchaser or purchasers under any real estate contract involving the real property.
Parking area means any area designed and/or used for parking vehicles.
Parking space means an area which is improved, maintained and used for the sole purpose of
temporarily accommodating a motor vehicle that is not in use.
Person means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, unit of government or any other
legal entity.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 11
Personal wireless services means commercial mobile services, unlicensed wireless services, and
common carrier wireless exchange access services, as defined by federal laws and regulations.
Personal wireless service facility (PWSF) means a wireless communication facility, including a
microcell, that is a facility for the transmission and/or reception of radio frequency signals, and which
may include antennas, equipment shelter or cabinet, transmission cables, a support structure to achieve
the necessary elevation, and reception and transmission devices and antennas.
Preapplication conference means a meeting, between an applicant and members Df the development
review committee, which is held prior to formal application, during which the project is discussed relative
to city and other pertinent codes and/or regulations.
Primary dwelling unit means the main structure located on the subject property which is
distinguishable from any accessory dwelling unit because it is greater in total square footage.
Primary vehicular access means the major street from which the majority of vehicles enter the subject
property.
Principal use means the primary or predominant use of any lot or parcel.
Private club means an association of persons organized for some common purpose, but not including
groups organized primarily to sell merchandise or render a service which is customarily carried on as a
business.
Property line means those lines enclosing the subject property and those lines defining a recorded
vehicular access easement or tract. The following are categories of property lines:
(1) The front property line is any property line that is adjacent to a right-of-way which is more
than 21 feet in width, excluding Interstate5. If the subject property is adjacent to more than one right-of-
way which is more than 21 feet in width, the applicant shall designate which of the adjacent property lines
is the front property line and the remainder of such adjacent property lines will be considered as either a
rear property line or side property line, based on the definition in this section. If the subject property is not
adjacent to a right-of-way which is more than 21 feet in width, then the front property line is the property
line adjacent or principally oriented to the street providing primary vehicular access to the subject
property, as determined by the director of the department of community development.
(2) The rear property line is any property line that is farthest from, and essentially parallel to, the
front property line. .
(3) The side property line is any property line other than a front property line or a rear property
line.
Public park means a natural or landscaped area, provided by a unit of government, to meet the active
or passive recreational needs of people.
Public utility means the facilities of a private business organization such as a public service
corporation, or a governmental agency performing some public service and subject to special
governmental regulations, the services which are paid for directly by the recipients thereof. Such services
shall include but are not limited to: Water supply, electric power, telephone, cablevision, natural gas and
transportation for persons and freight. The term also includes broadcast towers, antennas and related
facilities operated on a commercial basis.
Public works director means the director of the department of public works of the city.
Qualified groundwater scientist means a hydro-geologist or engineer who meets the following
criteria:
(1 ) Has received a baccalaureate or post-graduate degree in earth science or engineering; and
(2) Has sufficient education and experience in geology and hydro-geology as mav be
demonstrated by state registration. professional certifications. or licensing that enable that individual to
make sound professional judgments regarding groundwater and groundwater vulnerability.
Regulated lakes means the follo.tYing wetlands Wetlands #8-21-4-26. 7-21-4-71. 11-21-3-9. 14-21-3-
2. 14-21-3-5. 13-21-3-12. 9-21-4-38. 17-21-4-55. 20-21-4-57. and 20-21-4-61 as shown in the K:ffig
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 12
County Wetlands Inventory Notebooks, Volume 3 South June 19, 1999, City of Federal Way Final
Wetland Inventory Report, except vegetated areas meeting the definition of "regulated wetland" located
around the margins of regulated lakes shall be considered regulated wetlands.
fB Lov/er Puget Sound 6, 7,12, 15, 16 and 17.
(2) Hylebos2, 11, 13 and 16. .
Regulated wetlands, see the definition of "regulated wetlands" under the definition of "wetlands."
means:
(1) Those wetlands, as described below, which fall into one or more of the follo'.ving categories:
a. Category I wetlands meet one of the following criteria:
1. Contain the presence of species or documented habitat recognized by state or federal
agències as endangered, threatened or potentially extirpated plant, fish or animal species; or
2. Contain the presence of plant associations of infrequent occurrence, irreplaceable
ecological functions, or exceptional local significance including but not limited to estuarine
systems, peat bogs and fens, mature forested wetlands, groundwater exchange areas, significant
habitat or unique educational sites; or
3. Have three or more '""etland classes, one of 'Nhich is open ,yater.
b. Category II wetlands are greater than 2,500 square feet in area, do not exhibit the
characteristics of Category I \vetlands, and meet one of the following criteria:
1. Are contiguous '>'lith '.vater bodies or tributaries to water bodies 'Nhich under normal
circumstances contain or support a fish population, including streams '.'.'here fio'.', is intermittent;
Øf .
2. Are greater than one acre in size in its entirety; or .
3. Are less than or equal to one acre in size in its entirety and have two or more '.'lctland
classes, \vith neither class dominated by non native invasive species.
c. Category III 'wetlands are greater than 2,500 square feet in area and do not exhibit those
characteristics of Category I or II 'Netlands.
(2) The follo'Ning areas, as ShO'Nfl in the King County 'Netlands Inventory Notebook, Volume 3
South, shall be regulated by the city's shoreline master program, but shall not be considered regulated
v/ethmds, unless vegetated wetlands are present:
a. LO'.\'er Puget Sound Beach;
b. Lo'.ver Puget Sound 1 and 51; and .
c. Areas defined as a regulated lake, by the city's shoreline master program. Vegetated areas
meeting the definition of "wetland" herein, and which are located around the margins of regulated
lakes, are regulated wetlands for the purpose ofthis definition.
Relative means persons connected through blood, marriage or other legal relationships by not more
than four degrees or affinity or consanguinity and including persons under legal guardianship.
Required yards means the areas adjacent to and interior from the property lines and high water mark
of a lot. If two or more required yards are coincidental, the area will be considered the required yard with
the greater dimension. Required yards are categorized as follows:
(1) Front. That portion of a lot adjacent to and parallel with the front property lines and at a
distance therefrom equal to the required front yard depth.
(2) Rear. That portion of a lot adjacent to and parallel with the rear property line and at a distance
therefrom equal to the required rear yard depth.
(3) High water line yard. That portion of a lot adjacent to and parallel with the high water mark
and at a distance landward therefrom established in this chapter. .
(4) Side. That portion of a lot adjacent to and parallel with each side property line and at a
distance therefrom equal to the required side yard depth. All required yards not otherwise categorized
shall be designated side yards.
Residential use means developments and occupancy in which persons sleep and prepare food, other
than developments used for transient occupancy.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 13
Residential zone means the following zones: SE, RS 35.0, RS 15.0, RS 9.6, RS 7.2, RS 5.0, RM 3.6,
RM 2.4, RM 1.8 and comparable zones in other jurisdictions.
Restaurant or tavern means commercial use (excluding fast food restaurants) which sells prepared
food or beverages and generally for consumption on the premises.
Retail establishment means a commercial enterprise which provides goods and/or services directly to
the consumer, where such goods are available for immediate purchase and removal from the premises by
the purchaser. . . '--
Retail sales, bulk, means a retail establishment engaged in selling goods or merchandise to the general -,-
public as well as to other retailers, contractors, or businesses, and rendering services incidental to the sale
of such goods. Bulk retail involves a high volume of sales of related and/or unrelated products in a
warehouse setting and may include membership warehouse clubs, i.e., "big box" retail. Bulk retail is
differentiated from general retail by any of the following characteristics:
(1) Items for sale include large, categorized products, e.g., lumber, appliances, household
furnishings, electrical and heating fixtures and supplies, wholesale and retail nursery stock, etc.; and may
also include a variety of carry out goods, e.g., groceries, household, and personal care products;
(2) A large inventory of goods and merchandise is stored on the subject site in high-ceiling
warehouse areas, high-rack displays, and/or outdoor storage areas; and
(3) High volume truck traffic, regular pick up and delivery of large items, a designated
contractor pick-up area, and high parking to building ratios.
Retail sales, general and specialty, is differentiated from bulk retail by the size of the building, size of
items purchased and sales volume. General and specialty retail includes the sale of smaller items such as
groceries, drug store sundries, specialty hardware, paint supplies, and sports equipment, etc. Typically not
a discount or volume warehouse store. Typical user is the general public.
Right-oi-way means land dedicated or conveyed to the public or a unit of government, the primary
purpose of which is the movement of vehicles and/or pedestrians and providing for access to adjacent
parcels, with the secondary purpose of providing space for utility lines and appurtenances and other
devices and facilities benefiting the public.
Right-oi-way realignment means the changing of the horizontal position of the improvements in a
right-of-way. .
Roojline means the line formed by the outside of the gable of the roof, or if the roof is flat or mansard,
the top of the roof or mansard.
Runoff means the overland or subsurface flow of water.
Schools means institutions of learning, excluding those offering post-secondary education, offering
instruction in the several branches of learning and study required by the Basic EducationCode of the
State of Washington to be taught in public, private and parochial schools, including those disciplines
considered vocational, business-related, or trade in nature.
Shared access points means a common point of vehicle access from a street to more than one lot or
use. .
Significant natural vegetation means any area containing a concentration of significant trees; any area
of significant biological importance; and any area containing dense, mature, native vegetation.
Significant trees. A "significant tree" shall be defined as:
(I) Twelve inches in diameter or 37 inches in circumference measured four and one-half feet
above ground; and
(2) In good health; and
(3) Not detrimental to the community (e.g., is not diseased, dying, or likely of falling into public
open space or right-of-way, etc.) or obscuring safe sight distance requirements. Significant trees shall not
include red alder, cottonwood, poplar or big leaf maple.
Silt or sediment means the soil particles mobilized and deposited by the processes of erosion and
deposition.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 14
Single housekeeping unit means an individual or two or more individuals related by not more than
four degrees of affinity or consanguinity and including persons under legal guardianship, or a group of
not more than three persons who are not related by four or fewer degrees of affinity or consanguinity,
provided, however, that any limitation on the number of residents resulting from this definition shall not
be applied if it prohibits the city from making reasonable accommodations to disabled person in order to
afford such persons equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling as required by the Fair Housing
Amendments Act of 1988, 42 USC 3604(f)(3)(b).
Single-use building means a building which contains one use.
Small animals mean dogs, cats, birds, small exotic animals (snakes, gerbils, mice, guinea pigs, etc.),
foxes, bobcats and similar small wild animals.
Social service transitional housing means facilities other than offices and group homes as defined in
this chapter, operated by a nonprofit social service agency, licensed as required by the state, providing
temporary and transitional housing to individuals on an as-needed basis including, but not limited to,
emergency shelters, homeless shelters, and other such crisis intervention facilities. This classification
includes domestic violence shelters as defined herein, except that such shelters wherein the total number
of residents does not exceed the maximum number allowed under the "family" definition, may be
permitted outright in all residential zones.
Type A: Maximum number of residents to be consistent with the maximum number of unrelated
adults allowed under the zoning definition offamily.
Type B: All social service transitional housing not meeting the definition of "Type A," above.
Maximum number to be determined on a case-by-case basis.
The limitation on the number of residents in social service transitional housing shall not be
applied if it prohibits the city from making reasonable accommodations to disabled persons in order to
afford such person equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling as required by the Fair Housing
Amendments Act of 1988, 42 use 3604(f)(3)(b).
Special needs housing means housing not specifically defined by this chapter, and which will be
processed under the classification most closely related to the proposed use, as determined by the director
of community development services.
State Environmental Policy Act means Chapter 43.21 C RCW.
Storm drainage means the movement of water, due to precipitation, either surficially or
subsurficially.
Story means the area or a structure between the floor and the horizontal supporting members ofthe
ceiling directly above that floor. If a floor is, on average, at least three feet below finished grade, the area
between that floor and the ceiling directly above is not a story.
Stream means a course or route, formed by nature, including those which have been modified by
humans, and generally consisting of a channel with a bed, banks or sides throughout substantially all its
length, along which surface waters naturally and normally flow in draining from higher to lower
elevations. A stream need not contain water year round. In a developing setting, streams may run in
culverts or may be channeled in a concrete, rock or other artificial conveyance system. This definition is
not meant to include irrigation ditches, stormwater facilities or other artificial watercourses unless they
are used by resident or anadromous salmonid fish, or the feature was constructed to convey natural
streams which existed prior to construction of the watercourse.
Street means both of the following:
(1) A public right-of-way.
(2) A vehicular access easement or tract.
Street providing direct vehicle access means the street from which a vehicle can enter the subject
property without traversing another street or piece of property. In the case of a multiuse complex, the
street providing direct vehicular access is the exterior street that borders the complex and not an internal
street surrounded by the complex.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 15
Structure means anything which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any kind or any
piece of work artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in some definite manner.
Structural alterations means any change in the supporting member of a building or structure.
Structured parking means parking provided on more than one level and within a structure, either
above- or below-grade. Structured parking shall not include a surface parking lot.
Subject property means the entire lot or parcel, or series of lots or parcels, on which a development,
activity or use is or will locate or on which any activiry or condition regulated by or subject to this chapter
is or will occur or take place. .
Supporistructure means any built structure, including any guy wires and anchors, to which antenna
and other necessary associated hardware is mounted. Support structures may include the following:
(1) Lattice tower. A support structure which consists of a network of crossed metal braces,
forming a tower which is usually triangular or square in cross-section.
(2) Guy tower. A support structure such as a pole or narrow metal framework which is held erect
by the use of guy wires and anchors.
(3) Monopole. A support structure which consists of a single steel or wood pole sunk into the
ground and/or attached to a concrete pad.
(4) Existing nonresidential structure. Existing structures to which a PWSF may be attached with
certain conditions.
Temporary personal wireless service facility means a personal wireless service facility which is to be
placed in use for a limited period of time, is not deployed in a permanent manner, and does not have a
permanent foundation.
Tenant improvement means any work, improvement or remodeling completely within the interior of a
building necessary to meet the varied requirements of continuing or succeeding tenants.
Threshold determination means the decision by the responsible official (the community development
services director) whether or not an environmental impact statement (EIS) is required for projects that are
not categorically exempt under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEP A).
Topsoil means the uppermost strata of soil containing a large percentage of organic materials and
which is capable of providing suitable nourishment for vegetation.
Trade school means a post-secondary institution that trains persons for qualification in specific trades
or occupations, i.e., mechanics; construction trades such as carpentry, HV AC, and wiring; electronics
repair and service including computers; plumbing; chefs and culinary training; upholstery; bartending.
Traffic control devices means signs, signals, stripes and other mechanical or graphic items which
control the flow, direction or speed of vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
Use means the nature of the activities taking place on private property or within structures thereon.
Each separate listing under the "Use" column in FWCC 22-596 through 22-878 is a separate use.
Vehicle service station means a commercial use supplying petroleum products that are for immediate
use in a vehicle.
Vehicle storage area means an outside area which is used for the storage and/or display of operational
vehicles.
Vehicular access easement or tract means privately owned land used and legally committed, through
easements, plat restrictions or similar mechanisms, to providing access for vehicles and pedestrians to
. properties other than the property within the tract or easement. It may also provide space for utility lines
and appurtenances and other devices and facilities benefiting nearby properties or the public.
Waterward means toward the body of water.
Well means a hole or shaft sunk into the earth to tap an underground supply of water.
Wellfield means an area containing two or more wells with overlapping zones of contribution that
supply a public water system.
Wellhead means the top of the shaft of a well or similar water extraction facility from which potable
water is extracted.
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 16
Wellhead capture zone means an area in which groundwater is calculated to travel to a pumping well.
Capture zones are usually defined according to the time that it takes for water within a particular zone to
travel to a well. Calculated capture zones usually only approximate actual capture zones as a result of
assumptions required to conduct the calculation.
Wellhead protection area (WHP A) means the surface and subsurface area surrounding a well or
wellfield that supplies a public water system through which contaminants are likely to pass and eventually
reach the water well(s) as designated under the Federal Clean Water Act.
Wetlands means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency
and duration sufficient to support, and that under nonnal circumstances do support, a prevalence of
vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps,
marshes, bogs, and similar areas.
The March 1997 Washington State Wetlands Identification and Delineation Manual (Department of
Ecology publication #96-94) as set forth in WAC 173-22-080, as it exists as of November I, 1999, or as
subsequently amended, will be used for identification and delineation of wetlands within the city.
Although a site-specific wetland may not meet the criteria described above, it will be considered a
regulated wetland if it is functionally related to another wetland that meets the criteria.
Regulated wetlands means:
0) Those wetlands, as described below, which fall into one or more ofthe following categories:
a. Category I wetlands meet one ofthe following criteria:
1. Contain the presence of species or documented habitat recognized by state or federal
agencies as endangered, threatened or potentially extirpated plant, fish or animal species~ or
2. Contain the presence of plant associations of infrequent occurrence, irreplaceable
ecological functions, or exceptional local significance including but not limited to estuarine
systems, peat bogs and fens, mature forested wetlands, groundwater exchange areas, significant
habitat or unique educational sites; or
3. Have three or more wetland classes, one of which is open water.
b. Category II wetlands are greater than 2,500 square feet in area, do not exhibit the
characteristics of Category I wetlands, and meet one of the following criteria:
1. Are contiguous with water bodies or tributaries to water bodies which under nonna1
circumstances contain or support a fish population, including streams where flow is intennittent
or
2. Are greater than one acre in size in its entirety; or
3. Are less than or equal to one acre in size in its entirety and have two or more wetland
classes, with neither class dominated by non-native invasive species.
c. Category III wetlands are greater than 2,500 square feet in area and do not exhibit those
characteristics of Category I or II wetlands.
(2) See definition of "Regulated lakes."
Wholesale trade means a commercial establishment which sells to retail estáhlishments.
Zones means use zones as described in FWCC 22-596 through 22-878.
Zoning map means the series of maps adopted by the city, and designated the official zoning map of
the city, showing the geographical location of use zones within the municipal boundaries. (Ord. No. 90-43,
§ 2(3.10), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-51, §§ 1,2,3-27-90; Ord. No. 91-87, §§ 2 -4,2-5-91; Ord. No. 91-92, § 4, 4-16-91;
Ord. No. 91-100, § 4, 6-4-91; Ord. No. 91-105, § 3, 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-113, § 3, 12-3-91; Ord. No. 94-223 §
3(A), 10-18-94; Ord. No. 95-245, § 3(A), 11-21-95; Ord. No. 96-269, § 3, 6-18-96; Ord. No. 96-270, § 3(A), 7-2-96;
Ord. No. 97-295, § 3,5-20-97; Ord. No. 97-291, § 3,4-1-97; Ord. No. 97-296, § 3, 6-17-97; Ord. No. 97-300, § 3,
9-16-97; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97; Ord. No. 99-337, § 2, 3-2-99; Ord. No. 99-348, § 2, 9-7-99; Ord. No. 99-
353, § 3,11-16-99; Ord. No. 99-357, § 3,12-7-99; Ord. No. 00-363, § 2,1-4-00; Ord. No. 01-385, § 3,4-3-01; Ord.
No. 02-424, § 3, 9-17-02; Ord. No. 03-443, § 3, 5-20-03)
1:\2004 Code Amendments\Welihead Protection\Planning Commission\definitions.docl0812612004 3:19:02 PM
FWCC - Section 22-1, Definitions
Page 17
EXHIBIT
E
FEDERAL WAY CITY CODE
CHAPTER 22. ARTICLE IV.
NONCONFORMANCE
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Sections:
22-325 Purpose and intent.
22-326 Administration.
22-327 When conformance is required.
22-328 Regulations applicable to nonconforming use.
22-329 Abatement of nonconformance that was illegal when initiated.
22-330 Immediate compliance with certain provisions required.
22-331 Certain nonconformances specifically regulated - Generally.
22-332 Nonconforming use.
22-333 Nonconforming procedure.
22-334 Nonconforming development.
22-335 Nonconforming signs.
22-336 When public improvements must be installed.
22-337 Nonconforming water quality improvements.
22-338 Special provisions for residential uses.
22-338J Nonconforming accessory dwelling units.
22-338.2 Nonconforming adult entertainment, activity, retail, or use.
22-339 Special provisions for compliance with government regulations.
22-340 Special provisions for critical aquifer recharge areas and wellhead protection areas.
2231022-341 Prohibition on increasing nonconformance.
22 311 22-342 Applicability of uniform building codes.
2231222-243 Special provision for damaged improvements.
22 313 22-344 Appeals.
22 311 Reserved.
22-325 Purpose and intent.
The purpose of this article is to allow for the continuance and maintenance oflegally established
nonconforming uses and structures, and to provide ,standards delineating the circumstances in which
nonconforming uses and structures must be brought into conformance with the standards and provisions
prescribed within this chapter. In particular, the intent of this article is to:
(1) Ensure a reasonable opportunity for use of legally created lots which do not meet current
minimum code requirements for the zoning district in which they are located.
(2) Ensure a reasonable opportunity for use, maintenance and minor improvement of legally
constructed buildings, structures and site development features, encourage a reasonable opportunity for a
change of tenants using such buildings, structures, or features, even where those buildings, structures and
features do not comply with development regulations prescribed by this chapter, and provide more
flexibility relative to structures and developments that were built in accordance with the codes and laws in
effect at the time of construction.
(3) Ensure a reasonable opportunity for continuation oflegally established uses which do not
conform to use regulations for the zoning district in which they are located.
(4) Encourage the replacement of nonconforming uses having potentially undesirable impacts on
conforming uses.
(5) Encourage the upgrading of nonconforming buildings, structures and site development
features which do not comply with development regulations prescribed by this chapter. (Ord. No. 97-307, §
3, 12-16-97)
22-326 Administration.
This article establishes when and under what circumstances nonconforming aspects of a use or
development must be brought into conformance with this chapter. The provisions of this article should be
used only if there is some aspect of the use or development on the subject property that is not permitted
under this chapter. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.05), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.05), 12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-
135, § 3(165.05), 4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.05), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
22-327 When conformance is required.
If an aspect, element, activity or use of or on the subject property conformed to the applicable zoning
chapter in effect at the time that aspect, element, activity or use was constructed or initiated, that aspect,
element, activity or use may continue and need not be brought into conformance with this chapter unless a
provision of this article requires conformance. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.10), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, §
4(165.10), 12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.10), 4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.10), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-
307,§3,12-16-97)
22-328 Regulations applicable to nonconforming use.
If a use is nonconforming in the zone in which it is located, this chapter does not establish applicable
dimensional or other regulations. If the use is a legal nonconforming use, the city will, in order to identify
applicable regulations, determine the zone that allows the uses most similar to the nonconforming use and
apply the development regulations of that zone. If the use is a legal nonconforming use that is allowed in
one or more zones other than the zone in which it is located, the city determine the zone most similar to
the zone in which the nonconforming use is located and apply the development regulations of that zone.
(Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.15),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.15),12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.15), 4-21-
92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.15),6-16-92; Ord. No: 97-307, § 3,12-16-97)
22-329 Abatement of nonconformance that was illegal when initiated.
(a) Generally. Except as specified in subsection (b) of this section, any nonconformance that was
illegal when initiated must immediately be brought into conformance with this article. The city may,
using the provisions of Article IV of this chapter or any other applicable law, immediately abate any
nonconformance that was illegal when initiated.
(b) Exceptions. If a nonconformance has ever been in complete conformance with an applicable
zoning code it may continue to exist subject to the provisions of this article, and it is not subject to
abatement under subsection (a) of this section. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.20), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, §
4(165.20),12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.20), 4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.20), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-
307,§3,12-16-97)
22-330 Immediate compliance with certain provisions required.
(a) Generally. Regardless of any other provision of this article, the following nonconformances must
be immediately brought into conformance with the applicable provisions of this chapter:
(1) Nonconformance with the noise standards in FWCC 22-956;
(2) Nonconformance with the lighting standards in FWCC 22-954;
(3) Nonconformance with the heat emission standards in FWCC 22-951;
(4) Nonconformance with the radiation standards in FWCC 22-959;
(5) Nonconformance with the air quality standards in FWCC 22-947;
(6) Nonconformance with the standards in the Uniform International Fire Code and FWCC 8-51
through 8-120, to the extent that the nonconformance poses a threat to life or safety, as determined by the
director in consultation with the appropriate fire safety officials;
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 2
(7) Nonconformance with the odor standards in FWCC 22-958;
(8) Nonconformance with the provisions in FWCC 22-1111 et seq.; regarding parking and storage
of large vehicles in residential zones;
(9) Nonconformance with the provisions in FWCC 22-952 regarding junk;
(10) Nonconformance with the glare standards in FWCC 22-950;
(11) Nonconformance with the provision in FWCC 22-1596 regarding portable outdoor signs;
(12) Nonconformance with the provision in FWCC 22-1596 regarding location of signs extending
over rights-of-way.
(b) Abatement. The city may, using any of the provisions of FWCC 22-121 et seq. or any other
applicable law, immediately abate or seek discontinuance of any nonconformance listed in subsection (a)
of this section. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.25), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.25), 12-3-9\; Ord. No. 92-135, §
3(165.25),4-21-92: Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.25), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
22-331 Certain nonconformances specifically regulated - Generally.
(a) FWCC 22-332 through 22-336 specify when and under what circumstances certain
nonconformances must be corrected. If a nonconformance must be corrected under this section, the
applicant must, as part of the application for any development permit, submit all information that the city
reasonably needs to review the correction. In addition, the city will not issue a certificate of zoning
compliance or permit occupancy until the correction is made. .
(b) If FWCC 22-330 applies to a specific nonconformance, the provisions of this section do not apply
to that same nonconformance. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.35(1)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.35(1)), 12-3-
91; Ord. No. 92-135. § 3(165.35(1)),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.35(1)), 6-16-92: Ord. No. 97-307, § 3,12-
16-97)
22-332 Nonconforming use.
Any nonconforming use must be terminated if:
(1) The appl icant is making structural alterations or increasing the gross floor area of any
structure that houses or supports the nonconforming use;
(2) Other than as specified in subsection (1) of this section, the applicant is making changes or
alterations or doing work, other than normal maintenance, in anyone consecutive 12-month period to any
structure that houses or supports the nonconforming use and the fair market value of that change,
alteration or work exceeds 15 percent of the assessed or appraised value of that structure. The applicant
may provide an appraisal of the structure on the subject property. The appraisal must be from a source
that is acceptable to the city. The community development director may require the applicant to provide
an appraisal from a source acceptable to the city if the assessed valuation appears to be inappropriate. If
an appraisal is provided by the applicant or required by the city, the larger of the two amounts shall be
used;
(3) The subject property has been abandoned. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.35(2), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-
113, § 4(l65.35(2}), 12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.35(2)),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.35(2)),6-16-92;
Ord. No~ 97-307, § 3,12-16-97)
22-333 Nonconforming procedure.
Repealed by Ord. No. 97-307. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.35(3), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.35(3»,
12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3 (165.35(3),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3 (165.35(3)),6-16-92.)
22-334 Nonconforming development.
If any aspect, structure, improvement or development does not conform to the development
regulations prescribed in this chapter, that aspect, structure, improvement or development must be
brought into conformance or otherwise improved as set forth below.
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 3
(I) Change of use - Single-tenant site. If any applicant proposes a change of use on property used
or occupied by a single tenant or use, the applicant shall meet those provisions determined by the director
to be reasonably related and applicable to the change of use. These provisions shall apply to the entire
site.
(2) Change of use - Multi-tenant site. If an applicant proposes a change of use on only a portion
of property occupied by multiple tenants or uses, the applicant shall meet those provisions determined by
the director to be reasonably related and applicable to the change of use. These provisions shall apply
only to that geographic portion of the site related to the use or tenant space on which the change is
proposed.
(3) Increase in gross floor area. If an applicant proposes to increase the gross floor area of any use
on the subject property in anyone of the following ways, the applicant shall comply with the development
regulations in effect at the time of the proposal, as specified below: .
a. If expansion of gross floor area of an existing building occurs either through addition of new
floors within the structure or enlargement of the existing building footprint, the applicant shall comply with
all development regulations in effect at the time the expansion is proposed. If the property on which the
expansion is proposed is occupied by multiple tenants or uses, the applicant shall comply with those
development regulations applicable to the geographic portion of the site on which the expansion is proposed;
or
b. If a new and separate structure is being constructed on an already developed site, the
applicant shall comply with.all development regulations applicable to the geographic portion of the site
on which the new structure and any related improvements are to be constructed; or
c. If the increase in gross floor area involves an existing single-family residential dwelling,
the applicant shall comply with the development regulations in effect at the time of the proposal. For
single-family residences, existing nonconformities may remain and continue so long as the existing
nonconformities are not being increased or expanded in any way. New construction or renovation which
involves the increase in gross floor area of a nonconforming single-family structure is subject to all
applicable requirements of this Code including but not limited to provisionsrelated to environmentally
sensitive areas (Article XIV), off-street parking (Article XV), improvements (Article XVI), and
landscaping (Article XVII).
(4) Abandonment. If an applicant proposes any work, including tenant improvements, on property
that has been abandoned. The applicant shall comply with all development regulations applicable to the
subject property, to the extent physically or technically practicable on the sife.
(5) The use conducted on the subject property has ceased for more than one year, in which case
the applicant shall repair and/or restore the improvements on the site (e.g., drainage, landscaping, curbing,
parking, parking lot landscaping, etc.) to a condition as near as physically possible to the condition
required by the requirements of approval of the existing development.
(6) The applicant is making any alteration or changes or doing any work, other than normal
maintenance or other than tenant improvements, in anyone consecutive 12-month period to an
improvement that is nonconforming and the fair market value of the alteration, change or other work
exceeds 50 percent of the assessed or appraised value of that improvement. The applicant may provide an
appraisal of the improvement. The appraisal must be from a source acceptable to the city. The director
may require the applicant to provide an appraisal from a second source acceptable to the city if the
assessed valuation appears to be inaccurate or inappropriate. If more than one appraisal is provided by the
applicant or required by the city, the larger of the two amounts shall be used. In the event this subsection
is triggered with respect to a single-tenant or single-occupant site, the applicant shall meet all
development regulations applicable to the property. In the event this subsection is triggered with respect
to a site occupied by multiple tenants or uses, the applicant shall comply with those development
regulations applicable to the geographic portion ofthe site on which the alteration, change or
improvement is proposed. For purposes of this determining value under this section, improvements
required pursuant to FWCC 22-334 (nonconforming development), 22-336 (street/sidewalk
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 4
improvements), 22-337 (nonconforming water quality improvements) and 22-1473 (street/sidewalk
improvements) shall not be counted towards the 50 percent threshold which would trigger application of
this subsection.
This section does not govern application of Article XIX, community design guidelines;
application of Article XIX is governed by FWCC 22-1630 through 22-1639, as amended. This section
also does not govern application of development regulations relating to water quality, signs, or
street/sidewalk improvements; application of those development regulations is governed by FWCC 22-
337,22-335,22-336 and 22-1472, all as amended. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.35(4»), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113,
§ 4(165.35(4», 12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.35(4)), 4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.35(4»), 6-16-92; Ord.
No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97; Ord. No. 02-420, § 3,7-2-02)
*Editor's note - Ordinance No. 97-307, § 3, adopted December 16, 1997, amended § 22-334 to read as herein set
out. Formerly, such section pertained to certain nonconformance specifically regulated - nonconforming parking.
22-335 Nonconforming signs.
(a) Purpose. In order to ease the economic impact of this Code on businesspersons with substantial
investment in signs in existence on the date of adoption of this Code, this section provides for up to 10
years of continued use of a nonconforming sign in its existing state. During this period, it is expected that
the sign may be amortized in its value over this I O-year time period and/or may be amortized for federal
income tax purposes; provided, however, that whether a sign is amortized for tax purposes shall not affect
the application of this section.
(b) Definitions. A "nonconforming sign" means any sign as defined by FWCC 22-1597 which was
legally in existence on the effective date of this Code, February 28, 1990, but which does not comply with
the sign regulations of Article XVIII of this chapter, Signs, or any other sections of this Code. Any words,
terms or phrases used in this section and which are not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set
forth in FWCC 22-1 and 22-1597.
( c) Legal nonconformance.
(1) Eligibility. Any nonconforming sign located within the city limits on the date of adoption of
this Code, February 28, 1990, or located in areas annexed to the city thereafter which does not conform
with the provisions of this Code, is eligible for characterization as a legal nonconforming sign provided it
meets the following requirements:
a. The sign was covered by a sign permit on the date of adoption Qfthis Code, if one was
required under applicable law; or .
b. If no sign permit was required under applicable law for the sign, the sign was in all
respects in compliance with applicable law on the date of adoption of this Code.
(2) Allowed. All legal nonconforming signs are allowed subject to all permit requirements, the
provisions covering loss of legal nonconforming status and other limitations set forth in this section.
(3) Exclusions. No temporary signs, portable signs, special signs, or incidental signs shall be
eligible for characterizatron as legal nonconforming signs.
(d) Legal nonconforming sign permit.
(I) Required. A legal nonconforming sign permit is required for each legal nonconforming sign.
The permit shall be obtained by the sign user or the sign owner, or the owner of the property upon which
the sign is located, within 60 days of notification by the city that the sign is legal nonconforming. The
permit shall be issued for no fee and shall expire at the end of the applicable amortization period
prescribed in subsection (e) of this section.
(2) Necessary information. Applications for a legal nonconforming sign permit shall contain the
name and address ofthe sign user, the sign owner and the owner ofthe property upon which the sign is
located, and such other pertinent information as the director of community development may require to
ensure compliance with the Code, including proof of the date of installation of the sign.
(3) Failure to comply. A legal nonconforming sign for which no permit has been issued within the
60-day period shall within six months be brought into compliance with the Code or be removed. Failure
FWCC - Nonconformance
Page 5
to comply shall subject the sign user, owner and/or owner of the property on which the sign is located to
the remedies and penalties ofFWCC 22-1604.
(e) Amortization. All legal nonconforming signs shall be discontinued and removed or made
conforming within 10 years from the effective date of this Code, on or before February 28,2000, and all
signs which are made nonconforming by a subsequent amendment to this Code shall be discontinued and
removed or made conforming within five years after the date of such amendment (collectively the
"amortization period"). Upon the expiration of the amortization period, the sign shall be brought into
conformance with this Code, with a permit obtained, or be removed. A sign prohibited pursuant to FWCC
22-1600 may not be brought into conformance and must therefore be immediately removed upon the
expiration of the amortization period.
(t) Extension or exemption from amortization period.
(1) Applicability. This subsection applies to any sign which is required to be removed pursuant to
subsection (e) of this section following expiration of the amortization period.
(2) Purpose. A sign amortization exemption or extension is a mechanism by which the city may
provide relief from the effect of the sign amortization program when its enforcement would fail to
noticeably improve the appearance of the neighborhood and the city any when a hardship would result
from its enforcement.
(3) Who may apply. The property owner or the person displaying the sign which is required to be
removed pursuant to subsection (e) of this section may apply for a sign amortization extension or
exemption.
(4) Decisional criteria. An application for a sign amortization exemption or extension may be
approved or approved with modification if it satisfies all of the following criteria:
a. The sign is compatible with the architectural design of structures on the subject property;
b. The sign substantially complies with the requirements of the sign code for the land use
district in which it is located. For purposes of this subsection, "substantial compliance" means that the
height of the sign is within 10 percent of the sign height required by Article XVIII of this Code and that
the sign area of the sign is within 20 percent of the sign area required by Article XVIII ofthis Code.
Minor deviations from these percentages may be approved by the administrator if he or she concludes that
the resulting sign is harmonious with the character of the primary structures on the subject þroperty and
with the signs and structures on surrounding properties;
c. The enforcement of this Code would result in a substantial hardship to the applicant due to
the size, shape, topography, location or surroundings of the subject property and such hardship was not
created by any action of the applicant or would result in a substantial economic hardship to the applicant
because the applicant erected a sign, or made an application for a sign perniit, between February 28, 1990,
and June 6, 1995, in compliance with the existing sign code;
d. The sign complies with the city's minimum sign distance at intersection requirements
pursuant to FWCC 22-1151 et seq.; - - .
e. If illuminated, the sign is oriented away from residentially developed or zoned property or
is adequately screened so that the source of light is not correctly visible; .
f. It is consistent with the city's comprehensive plan; and
g.lt is consistent with the public health, safety and welfare.
(5) Applicable procedure. Except as otherwise provided by this subsection (t), the city will
process an application for a sign amortization exemption or extension through process I of this Code.
(g) Loss of legal nonconforming sign status. All nonconforming signs shàll be immediately removed
or modified to conform to all the provisions of this chapter, and a new permit secured therefor therefore,
and such nonconforming sign shall immediately lose its legal nonconforming designation when one or
more of the following events occurs:
(1) Structural changes. The applicant is making structural alterations or increasing the gross floor
area of any structure that houses or supports the use with which the legal nonconforming sign is
associated. .
FWCC - Nonconformance
Page 6
(2) Other alterations. The applicant is making any change, alteration or performing work other.
than normal maintenance or other than tenant improvements, in any 12-month period to any structure that
houses or supports the use with which the nonconforming sign is associated and the fair market value of
those changes, alterations or other work exceeds 25 percent ofthe assessed value of that structure as
determined by the King County assessor.
(3) Abandonment or business cessation. The subject property containing the sign is abandoned for
90 or more consecutive days or the activity conducted on the subject property ceases for 180 consecutive
days.
(4) Sign alterations. The applicant is making changes, alterations or performing any work to the
legal nonconforming sign other than regular and normal maintenance. Prohibited sign alterations include
relocating the sign or replacing the sign; provided, however, that replacing any individual tenant's
identification sign in either a center identification sign which separately identifies the tenants or in a
tenant directory sign shall not result in the loss of such sign's legal nonconforming sign designation.
(5) Change in use. There has been a change in use on the subject property as that term is defined
by FWCC 22-1.
(6) Change in tenant. There has been a change in tenant or business on the subject property.
In connection with any multiuse or multi-tenant complex, the foregoing events which require that
a nonconforming sign be either removed or brought into conformance with this Code, shall apply only to
the individual owner's or tenant's building-mounted or freestanding signs who has triggered the
elimination ofthe legal nonconformance and not to the other signs located on the subject property,
including any copy change in a center identification or tenant directory sign in order to include such
tenant's name.
(h) Historic signs. Nonconforming on-site historical signs may be retained through process II, Article
VII of this Code. if the sign is determined to be of historic significance by satisfying all of the following
criteria:
(1) The sign is used in connection with a building which has been designated as a historic
building pursuant to any federal, state or local preservation authority;
(2) The subject sign or signs are substantially unchanged or unaltered since initial installation;
(3) The subject sign or signs are a good example ofthe prevailing signage during the period in
time it was installed; and
(4) The subject sign or signs have been well maintained and are not materially detrimental to the
public health, safety and welfare.
(i) Government acquisition of property for right-of-way.
(1) A sign that becomes nonconforming with respect to its setback from the edge of a public
right-of-way as a result of a local, state, or federal government acquisition of property for right-of-way
expansion shall be characterized as a legal nonconforming sign and shall beallowed subject to the
requirements of subsection (i)(3) of this section.
(2) The city may, using process I, allow the placement of a new sign or relocation of an existing
sign within a required setback if it meets all of the following criteria:
a. The enforcement of this Code would result in substantial hardship to the applicant because
no feasible location exists to place a sign on the subject property other than in a required setback, and
such hardship was created solely by local, state, or federal government acquisition of property for right-
of-way expansion and not by any action of the applicant;
b. The sign is not prohibited by FWCC 22-1600 and, except for location within a required
setback, complies with all other requirements of FWCC 22-1596 through 22-1629;
c. The sign complies with the city's minimum sight distance at intersection requirements
pursuant to FWCC 22-1511 et seq.; and
d. Location of the sign with a required setback is otherwise consistent with the public health,
safety, and welfare.
FWCC - Nonconformance
Page 7
(3) Loss of legal nonconforming sign status. All nonconforming signs specified in subsections (1)
and (2) of this section shall be immediately removed or modified to conform to all the provisions of this
chapter, and a new permit secured therefor, and such nonconforming sign shall immediately lose its legal
nonconforming designation when one or more of the following events occurs:
a. The applicant is making any changes, alteration, or performs any work to the legal
nonconforming sign other than regular and normal maintenance. Prohit'¡ted sign alterations include
relocating the sign or replacing the sign; provided, however, that any copychange in a center
identification or tenant directory sign shall not result in the loss of such sign's legal nonconforming sign
designation; or
b. The applicant is making any changes, alterations, or performs work other than normal
maintenance or other than tenant improvements to any structure or improvement that houses or supports
the use with which the nonconforming sign is associated, and the fair market value of those changes,
alterations, or other work, in anyone consecutive 12-month period, exceeds 75 percent of the assessed
value of that structure or improvement, as determined by the King County assessor. The applicant may
provide an appraisal of the structure or improvement. The appraisal must be from a source that is
acceptable to the city. The community development services director may require the applicant to provide
an appraisal from a source acceptable to the city if the assessed valuation appears to be inaccurate or
inappropriate. If an appraisal acceptable to the city is provided by the applicant or required by the city, the
larger of the two amounts shall be used. For purposes of determining value under this subsection,
improvements required pursuant to FWCC 22-334 (nonconforming development) and/or 22-336
(street/sidewalk improvements) shall not be counted towards the 75-percent threshold, which would
trigger application of this subsection.
(j) Exemption. The city may elect not to apply any provision of this section if the removal of a sign
would require the city to pay compensation under any federal, state or other law, including Chapter 47.42
RCW. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.35 (5)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4 (165.35(5)),12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3
(165.35(5)),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3 (165.35(5)), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 95-235, § 3, 6-6-95; Ord. No. 97-307, §
3,12-16-97; Ord. No. 99-357, § 4,12-7-99; Ord. No. 01-398, § 1,7-17-01)
22-336 When public improvements must be installed.
Any applicant for a development permit for any type of activity on property on which a
nonconformance is located shall provide the improvements required by Artiéle XVI of this chapter, as
provided in FWCC 22-1473, as amended. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(110.20), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3,12-16-
97)
Editor's note - Ordinance No. 97-307, § 3, adopted December 16, 1997, amended § 22-336 to read as herein set out.
Formerly, such section pertained to nonconforming signs - nonconforming buffers and derived from Ord. No. 90-
43, § 2(165.35(6)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91- I 13, § 4(165.35(6)), 12-3-9 I; Ord. No. 92- I 35, § 3(165.35( 6»,4-2 1-92;
Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.35(6)), 6-16-92.
22-337 Nonconforming water quality improvements.
This section sets forth the standards when and under what circumstances a structure, improvement or
development or property that does not conform to the development regulations prescribed in Chapter 21
FWCC (as amended) relating to water quality, or does not conform to the development regulations
contained in Article XIII, Division 12, of this chapter (FWCC 22-1196 through 22-1220, as amended)
must be brought into compliance with the development regulations in Chapter 21 FWCC pertaining to
water quality and Article XIII, Division 12 of this chapter (FWCC 22-1196 through 22-1220, as
amended).
(1) Redevelopment. Any person proposing to redevelop a structure, improvement, development
or property must bring that structure, improvement, development or property into compliance with the
development regulations in Chapter 21 FWCC pertaining to water quality and Article XIII, Division 12 of
this chapter (FWCC 22-1196 through 22-1220, as amended), where the proposed redevelopment meets or
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 8
exceeds the thresholds set forth below. For the purposes of this section, "redevelop" or "redevelopment"
means, on an already developed site; the creation or addition of impervious surface; the expansion of a
building footprint or addition or replacement of a structure; structural development including an increase
in gross floor area and/or exterior construction or remodeling, where the structural development exceeds
50 percent of the assessed or appraised value ofthe structure or improvement being redeveloped; the
repair or replacement of impervious surface that is not part of a routine maintenance activity; a change of
use which has a potential to release a new pollutant(s) to the city's surface water systems; or land
disturbing activities associated with impervious redevelopment.
a. Redevelopment which involves the creation or addition of impervious surfaces having an
area of 5,000 square feet or more;
b. Redevelopment which involves the construction or replacement of a building footprint or
other structure having a surface area of 5,000 square feet or more, or which involves the expansion of a
building footprint or other structure by 5,000 square feet of surface area or more;
c. Redevelopment which involves the repair or replacement of 5,000 square feet or more of
an impervious surface, when such redevelopment is not part of a routine maintenance activity;
d. Redevelopment which involves the collection and/or concentration of surface and/or
stormwater runoff from a drainage area of 5,000 square feet or more;
e. Redevelopment which contains or directly discharges to a floodplain, stream, lake,
wetland, or closed depression, groundwater recharge area, or other water quality sensitive area determined
by the public works director, based on a written map, policy, water quality monitoring data or plan in
existence or implemented by the director prior to submission of a redevelopment application which is
determined to trigger application of this subsection, or based on information developed during review of a
particular redevelopment application;
f. Redevelopment which involves a change in use, and the changed use has a potential to
release a new pollutant(s) to surface water systems within the city. For the purposes of this subsection,
"new pollutant(s)" means a pollutant that was not discharged at that location immediately prior to the
change in use, as well as a pollutant that was discharged in less quantities immediately prior to the change
10 use;
g. Redevelopment, other than normal maintenance or other than the tenant improvements, but
including any increase in gross floor area, in anyone consecutive 12-month period which exceeds 50
percent of the assessed or appraised value (whichever is greater) ofthe struc~ure or improvement being
redeveloped. The applicant may provide an appraisal of the improvement. The appraisal must be from a
source acceptable to the city. The director may require the applicant to provide an appraisal from a second
source acceptable to the city if the assessed valuation appears to be inaccurate or inappropriate. If more
than one appraisal is provided by the applicant or required by the city, the greater of the two amounts
shall be used. For purposes of this determining value under this section, improvements required pursuant
to FWCC 22-334 (nonconforming development), 22-336 (street/sidewalk improvements), 22-337
(nonconforming water quality improvements) and 22-1473 (street! sidewalk improvements) shall not be
counted towards the 50 percent threshold which would trigger application ofthis subsection;
h. Redevelopment of property which drains or discharges to a receiving water that has a
documented water quality problem, as determined by the public works director based on a map, plan,
water quality monitoring data or a written policy in existence or implemented by the director prior to
submission of a redevelopment application determined to trigger application of this subsection, where the
director determines that the redevelopment requires additional specific controls to address the
documented water quality problem.
(2) Timing. All improvements required by this section shall be constructed or installed concurrent
with the redevelopment triggering application of this section, unless an applicant for redevelopment opts
to pursue incremental construction of required improvements. In that event, the applicant shall develop
and submit to the public works director a stormwater management plan detailing all of the improvements
required by this section, and proceed according to the following subsections.
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 9
a. Extent of construction of required water quality improvements. Where the public works
director determines that incremental construction is physically feasible, the applicant shall construct that
portion of the required improvements according to the following schedule:
% of Redevelopment % of Water Quality Improvements
0 - 24 25
25 - 49 50
>50 100
Where construction of 100 percent of water quality improvements is required under this
subsection, the improvements may be constructed over a period extending no more than five years from
the date of approval of the redevelopment. A person choosing to utilize such extended construction shall
provide, prior to approval of the stormwater management plan, a performance bond and bond agreement
that:
1. Have a term equal to the construction schedule proposed in the plan; and
2. Comply with the applicable requirements of FWCC 22-147 through 22-175, as
amended.
b. Incremental construction not feasible. Where the public works director determines that
incremental construction is not physically feasible, 100 percent of the required water quality
improvements must be installed, concurrent with the redevelopment.
c. Calculation of redevelopment value. For purposes of calculating the value of
redevelopment in order to apply subsection (2)(a) of this section, the public works director shall consider
the cost of the proposed redevelopment as a percentage of the assessed or appraised value (whichever is
greater) of all structures on the subject property. If an appraisal is used, it must be prepared by an MAl
appraiser acceptable to the city, and paid for and submitted by the applicant.
. d. Subsequent redevelopment. Whenever any person seeks approval for redevelopment on
property for which incremental construction of required water quality improvements was previously
authorized pursuant to this subsection (2), any additional water quality improvements to be required shall
be determined by application of the schedule in subsection (2)(a) based on thestormwater management
plan prepared as part of the first request for authorization of incremental construction. If water quality
requirements have changed since preparation of the initial stormwater management plan, a new plan shall
be prepared detailing improvements required to comply with any existing and new requirements, and the
schedule in subsection (2)(a) shall also be applied to the new plan. .
(3) Location of water quality improvements. A person proposing redevelopment on a property or
site having a Federal Way comprehensive plan designation ofCC-F (City Core - Frame) or CC-C (City
Core - Center) may construct water quality facilities required by this section below grade.
Editor's note - Ordinance No. 97-307, § 3, adopted December 16, 1997, amended § 22-337 to read as herein set out.
Formerly, such section pertained to nonconforming signs - any other nonconformance and derived from Ord. No.
90-43, § 2(165.35), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.35),12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.35),4-21-92; Ord.
No. 92-144, § 3(165.35), 6-16-92.
22-338 Special provisions for residential uses.
If the subject property contains a residential use that became nonconforming as to use or density as a
result of the adoption of this chapter, the following regulations apply:
(1) If the improvements on the subject property are damaged or destroyed by any sudden cause,
the structure may be rebuilt; provided, that the number of dwelling units and the gross floor area in and on
the subject property may not be increased from that which existed immediately prior to the damage or
destruction and any other nonconformity of or on the subject property may not in any way be increased.
The provisions of this subsection are only available if the applicant applies for a building permit within 12
months after the sudden damage or destruction and construction is commenced and completed under that
building permit.
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 10
(2) Other than as specified in subsection (1) of this section, the nonconforming use or density
must be corrected ifthe applicant is making changes, alterations or doing other work, other than normal
maintenance, in any 12-month period to any structure on the subject property containing multi-unit
housing (attached and/or stacked dwelling units) and fair market value of these changes, alterations or
other work exceeds 50 percent of the assessed or appraised value of that multi-unit structure. The
applicant may provide an appraisal of the improvement. The appraisal must be from a source that is
acceptable to the city. The community development director may require the applicant to provide an
appraisal from a source acceptable to the city if the assessed valuation appears to be inappropriate. If an
appraisal is provided by the applicant or required by the city, the larger of the two amounts shall be used.
Changes, alterations, additions or other work is subject to all applicable requirements of this Code
including but not limited to provisions related to environmentally sensitive areas (Article XIV), off-street
parking (Article XV), improvements (Article XVI), and landscaping (Article XVII).
(3) Other than as specified in subsection (1) of this section, the nonconforming use or density
must be corrected if the applicant is making changes, alterations, adding improvements or doing other
work other than normal maintenance, in any 36-month period, on the subject property containing a single-
family use and fair market value ofthese changes, alterations, additions or other work exceeds 75 percent
of the assessed or appraised value of that single-family structure. Changes, alterations, additions or other
work must comply with all bulk, dimensional and other development requirements for a single-family
detached dwelling located in the RS 7.2 zone (FWCC 22-631). The applicant may provide an appraisal of
the improvement. The appraisal must be from a source that is acceptable to the city. The community
development director may require the applicant to provide an appraisal from a source acceptable to the
city if the assessed valuation appears to be inappropriate. If an appraisal is provided by the applicant or
required by the city, the larger of the two amounts shall be used. Changes, alterations, additions or other
work is subject to all applicable requirements of this Code including but not limited to provisions related
to environmentally sensitive areas (Article XIV), off-street parking (Article XV), improvements (Article
XVI), and landscaping (Article XVII). (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.45),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.45), 12-
3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.45),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.45),6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3,12-16-
97; Ord. No. 02-419, § 3, 7-2-02)
*Editor's note - Ordinance No. 97-307, § 3, adopted December 16, 1997, deleted § 22-338. FonnerIy, such section
pertained to additional provision if a quasi-judicial decision is required and derived trom Ord. No. 90-43, §
2(165.40),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.40), 12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.40),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-
144, § 3(165.40), 6-16-92. Subsequently, the same ordinance renumbered §§ 22-339 - 22-343 as 22-338 - 22-342.
22-338.1 Nonconforming accessory dwelling units.
(a) Eligibility. Any nonconforming accessory dwelling unit ("ADD") located within the city limits on
the date of adoption of this Code, February 28, 1990, or located in areas annexed to the city thereafter,
which does not conform to FWCC 22-613, 22-648, 22-965 or any other provisions of this Code, is
eligible for designation as a legal nonco~forming ADD provided it meets the following requirements:
(1) The ADD was covered by a permit on the date of adoption of this Code, if one was required
under applicable law; or .
(2) If no permit was required under applicable law, the ADD was in compliance with applicable
law on the date of adoption of this Code.
(b) Allowed. All legal nonconforming ADDs are allowed subject to the provisions related to loss of
nonconforming status and other limitations set forth in this chapter.
(c) Loss oflegal nonconforming ADD status. All nonconforming ADDs shall be immediately
removed or modified to conform to all of the provisions of this Code and a permit secured therefor, and
shall lose their legal nonconforming designation when one or more of the following events occur:
(1) Increase in square footage. The applicant is increasing the gross floor area of any ADD;
(2) Other alterations. The applicant is making any change, alteration or performing work other
than normal maintenance or other than tenant improvements, in any 12-month period to any ADD and the
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 11
fair market value of such changes, alterations or other work exceeds 50 percent of the assessed value of
that ADU as determined by the King County assessor;
(3) Abandonment or cessation of occupancy. The subject property containing the ADU is
abandoned for 90 or more consecutive days or the ADU is not occupied for 180 consecutive days; or
(4) Change in use. There has been a change in use on the subject property as that term is defined
by FWCC 22-1. (Ord. No. 95-245, § 3(E), 12-5-95; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
Editor's note - Provisions enacted by § 3(E) ofOrd. No. 95-245, adopted Dec. 5, 1995, as § 22-339, have been
included herein at the discretion of the editor as § 22-338.1.
22-338.2 Nonconforming adult entertainment, activity, retail, or use.
Any adult entertainment, activity, use, or retail use located within the city limits on the effective date
of this Code, which are either made nonconforming by this Code or which are existing nonconforming
uses shall be terminated within one year; provided, however, that such termination date may be extended
upon the approval of an application filed with the city's community development director within 120 days
of the effective date of this Code provision requesting an extension to such one-year amortization period.
The director's decision on whether or not to approve any extension period and the length of such period
shall be based upon the applicant clearly demonstrating extreme economic hardship based upon an
irreversible financial investment or commitment made prior to February 1, 1999, which precludes
reasonable alternative uses of the subject property. (Ord. No. 99-347, § 3, 8-3-99)
22-339 Special provisions for compliance with government regulations.
The provisions of th is section will be followed regardless of any conflicting regulations of this article.
Any regulations of this article which do not conflict with the provisions of this section are unaffected by
this section.
(1) Oil tanks. Any excavation, development activity or construction performed to comply with the
"Underground Storage Tanks; Technical Requirements and State Program Approval; Final Rules" (40
CFR 280 and 281), as now existing or as hereafter amended or with the provisions of Chapter 90.76
RCW, or any regulations adopted thereunder, may not be used as the basis, or part of the basis, for
requiring that nonconformance on the subject property be corrected.
(2) Governmental acquisition of property for right-of-way expansion. A proposal for structural
alterations or change in use shall not trigger a requirement otherwise applicable under FWCC 22-334 that
an applicant correct an existing nonconformance as to lot coverage, minimum lot size, parking,
landscaping, or setback requirements, if the nonconformance was created solely by a local, state, or
federal government acquisition of property for right-of-way expansion, and if the propo'sal meets the
following requirements:
a. The nonconformity is not, in any way, enlarged, expanded, increased, intensified,
compounded, or in any other way made greater; ..
b. The applicant is making any alteration or changes or doing any work, other than tenant
improvements and the fair market value of the alteration, change or other work, in any bne consecutive
12-month period, does not exceed 75 percent of the assessed or appraised value of the improvement. The
applicant may provide an appraisal of the improvements. The appraisal must be from a source that is
acceptable to the city. The community development services director may require the applicant to provide
an appraisal from a source acceptable to the city if the assessed valuation appears to be inappropriate. If
an appraisal acceptable to the city is provided by the applicant or required by the city, the larger of the
two amounts shall be used. For purposes of determining value under this subsection, improvements
required pursuant to FWCC 22-334 (nonconforming development) and/or 22-336 (street/sidewalk
improvements) shall not be counted towards the 75-percent threshold which would trigger application of
this subsection; and
c. The proposal is otherwise consistent with the public health, safety, and welfare.
(3) Other government regulations. Other than as specified in subsection (1) of this section, the
city may, using process IV, exempt a property or use from any of the requirements of this article if:
FWCC - Nonconformance
Page 12
a. The actions or events which form the basis of requiring that nonconformance on the subject
property be corrected are necessitated solely to comply with local, state or federal regulation;
b. The actions necessitated to comply with those regulations will not significantly extend the
expected useful life of the nonconforming aspect; and
c. The public benefit of complying with the local, state or federal regulation clearly
outweighs the public benefit in correcting the nonconformance. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.50), 2-27-90; Ord.
No. 91-113, § 4(165.50), 12-3-91; Ord.No. 92-135, § 3(165.50),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.50), 6-16-92;
Ord. No. 97-307, § 3,12-16-97; Ord. No. 01-398, § 2, 7-17-01)
22-340 Special provisions for critical aquifer recharee areas and wellhead protection areas.
The provisions of this section will be followed regardless of any conflicting regulations of this article.
Any regulations of this article which do not conflict with the provisions of this section are unaffected by
this section.
If a nonconformance must be corrected to comply with FWCC Article XIV. Section 9. the applicant
must. as part of the application for any development permit, submit all information that the city
reasonably needs to review the correction. In addition. the city will not issue a land use approval or
building permit until the correction is made.
(l) A nonconforming use must be brought into compliance as specified in FWCC Article XIV.
Section 9 at the time that any land use approval or building permit is applied for.
(2) A nonconforming development must be brought into compliance as specified in FWCC
Article XIV, Section 9 at the time that any land use approval or building permit is applied for.
22 340 22-341 Prohibition on increasing nonconformance.
No nonconformance may, in any way, be enlarged, expanded, increased, intensified, compounded or
in any other way made greater, except as specifically permitted in this article. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2( 165.55),
2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.55),12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, § 3(165.55), 4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, §
3(165.55),6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
22 34122-342 Applicability of uniform buildine codes.
Nothing in this article in any way supersedes or relieves the applicant from compliance with the
requirements of the city's building codes, the Uniform International Building Code, the Uniform
International Fire Code, and other construction-related codes as adopted and amended from time to time
by the city. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.60),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.60),12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-135, §
3(165.60),4-21-92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.60), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
22 342 22-343 Special provision for damaged improvements.
If a nonconforming improvement is damaged by sudden accidental cause, that improvement may be
reconstructed only if it meets the following requirements and not otherwise:
(1) The cost of reconstructing the damaged improvement does not exceed 75 percent of the
assessed or appraised value of that improvement prior to the damage. The applicant may provide an
appraisal of the improvement which has been damaged. The appraisal must be from a source that is
acceptable to the city. The community development director may require the applicant to provide an
appraisal form a source acceptable to the city if the assessed valuation appears to be inappropriate. If an
appraisal is provided by the applicant or required by the city, the larger of the two amounts shall be used.
(2) The improvement, as reconstructed, is not any more nonconforming than it was immediately
prior to the damage.
(3) The applicant applies for a building permit to reconstruct the damaged improvement within
six months of the date of the damage and reconstructs the improvement pursuant to that building permit.
(Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(165.30), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-113, § 4(165.30), 12-3-91; Orct. No. 92-135, § 3(165.30), 4-21-
92; Ord. No. 92-144, § 3(165.30), 6-16-92; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 13
22 343 22-344 Appeals.
Notwithstanding any other provision in this chapter, a decision of the director or the hearing examiner
with respect to the application of any provision of this article shall be appealable as part of, and under the
process applicable to, any appeal of a decision of the director or the hearing examiner on the underlying
application or project for which city approval is sought. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(175.10(7), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 97-
291, § 3,4-1-97; Ord. No. 97-307, § 3, 12-16-97)
22314 Resen'ed.
1:\2004 Code Amendments\Welihead Protection\Planning Commission\Nonconformance.doc/0812612004 3:19 PM
FWCC - Nonconfonnance
Page 14
EXHIBIT
F
FEDERAL WAY CITY CODE
CHAPTER 22. ARTICLE XIV.
ENVIRONlVIENTALL Y SENSITIVE CRITICAL AREAS
Sections:
Division 1. Generally
22-1221 Purpose.
22-1222 Applicable provisions.
22-1223 Jurisdiction.
22-1224 Other authority and jurisdiction.
22-1225 Liability.
22-1226 - 22-1240 Reserved.
Division 2. Administration
22-1241 Administration.
22-1242 Maps adopted.
22-1243 Basis for determination.
22-1244 Reasonable use of the subject property.
22-1245 Appeals of determination made under article.
22-1246 Bonds.
22-1247 Dedication.
22-1248 Exemptions.
22-1249 - 22-1265 Reserved.
Division 3. General Site Design Requirements
2-1266 Responsibility of applicant.
22-1267 Physical barriers.
22-1268 Vehicle circulation areas.
22-1269 Time limitation.
22-1270 Other requirements.
22-1271- 22-1285 Reserved.
Division 4. Geologically Hazardous Areas Development
22-1286 Limitations.
22-1287 - 22-1305 Reserved.
Division S. Streams
22-1306
22-1307
22-1308
22-1309
22-1310
22-1311
Setbacks.
Relocation.
Bulkheads.
Culverts.
Removal of streams from culverts.
Rehabilitation.
22-1312 Intrusion into setbacks.
22-1313 Additional requirements for land surface modification.
22-1314 - 22-1330 Reserved.
Division 6. Regulated Lakes
22-1331 Conformance with division.
22-1332 Setback areas.
22-1333 Activities and improvements waterward of the ordinary high water mark.
22-1334 Activities and improvements within the required setback areas from regulated lakes.
22-1335 Rehabilitation.
22-1336 Bulkheads.
22-1337 - 22-1355 Reserved.
Division 7. Regulated Wetlands
22-1356 Determination of wetland and regulated wetland.
22-1357 Wetland categories and standard buffers.
22-1358 Structures, improvements and land surface modifications within regulated wetlands.
22-1359 Structures, improvements and land surface modification within regulated wetland buffers.
22-1360-22-1368 Reserved.
Division 8. Regulated Well Heads
22-1369 Criteria.
22 1370 22 1375 Reserved.
Division 9. Critical Aquifer Rechar1!e Areas and Wellhead Protection Areas
22-1370
22-1371
22-1372
22-1373
22-1374
22-1375
22-1375.1
Limitations.
Classification of wellhead capture zones.
General requirements.
Prohibited activities in wellhead capture zone I.
Regulation of facilities handling and storing hazardous materials.
Performance standards.
Use of pesticides. herbicides. and fertilizers in critical aquifer recharge areas and wellhead
protection areas.
Division 1. Generally
22-1221 Purpose.
The purpose of this article is to protect the environment, human life and property from harm and
degradation. This is to be achieved by precluding or limiting development in areas where development
poses serious or special hazards; by preserving and protecting the quality of drinking water; and by
preserving important ecological areas such as steep slopes, streams, lakes and wetlands. The public
purposes to be achieved by this article include protection of water quality, groundwater recharge,
shoreline stabilization, stream flow maintenance, stability of slope areas, wildlife and fisheries habitat
FWCC - En'¡ir9nmentally Sensitive Meas Critical Areas
Page 2
maintenance, protection of human life and property and maintenance of natural stormwater storage
systems. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.10), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.10), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.10),
12-17-91)
22-1222 Applicable provisions.
The provisions of this article apply throughout the city and must be complied with regardless of any
other conflicting provisions of this chapter. The provisions of this chapter that do not conflict with the
provisions of this article apply to the subject property. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.15),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105,
§ 4(80.15), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.15),12-17-91)
22-1223 Jurisdiction.
This article applies to the subject property if it:
(l) Contains or is within 25 feet of a regulated slope geologically hazardous area;
(2) Contains or is within 100 feet of a well head;
(3) Contains or is within 100 feet of the ordinary high water mark of a major stream;
(4) Contains or is within 50 feet of the ordinary high water mark of a minor stream;
(5) Contains or is within 25 feet of any regulated lake; or
(6) Contains or is within 200 feet of the edge of any regulated wetland, including regulated
wetlands associated with any major stream, minor stream, or regulated lake.
(7) Is located within a critical recharge area or a wellhead protection area (1, 5, or 10- Year
Wellhead Capture Zone). (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.20), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.20),8-20-91; Ord. No.
91-123, § 3(80.20),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1224 Other authority and jurisdiction.
Nothing in this article in any way limits, or may be construed to limit, the authority of the city under
any other applicable law, nor in any way decreases the responsibility of the applicant to comply with all
other applicable local, state and federal laws and regulations. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.25), 2-27-90; Ord. No.
91-105, § 4(80.25), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.25),12-17-91)
22-1225 Liability.
(a) Prior to issuance of any building permit or other permit by the building official, the applicant
may be required to enter into an agreement with the city, in a form acceptable to the city attorney,
releasing and indemnifying the city from and for any damage or liability resulting from any development
activity on the subject property which is related to the physical condition ofthe steep slope, stream,
regulated lake or regulated wetland. This agreement shall berecorded in the county, at the applicant's
expense, and shall run with the property.
(b) The city may also require the applicant to obtain insurance coverage for damage to city or
private property and/or city liability related to any such development activity. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.55),
.2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.55), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.55), 12-17-91) .
22-1226 - 22-1240 Reserved.
Division 2. Administration
22-1241 Administration.
Except as otherwise established in this article, this article will be implemented and enforced as part of
the city's review of any development activity on the subject property. If the development activity requires
approval through process I, II or III, the provisions of this article will be implemented as part of these
processes. If the development activity does not require approval through process I, II or III, the provisions
of this article will be implemented through site plan review under FWCC 22-361 et seq. (Ord. No. 90-43, §
2(80.30(1»,2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.30(1»,8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.30(1), 12-17-91)
FWCC - En'lÎronHlentally Sensitive l\reas Critical Areas
Page 3
22-1242 Maps adopted.
The city hereby adopts the King County Wetlands Inventory Notebook, Volume 3 South June 19.
1999, City of Federal Wav Final Wetland Inventory Report, to show the locations of regulated lakes and
certain regulated wetlands in the city. The City hereby adopts the Lakehaven Utility District Wellhead I,
5, and 10- Year Capture Zones Map, as now existing or amended. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2 (80.30(2», 2-27-90;
Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.30 (2», 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.30(2»),12-17-91)
22-1243 Basis for determination.
The determinations regarding whether the subject property is regulated under this article, as well as
the extent and nature of the regulations that will apply to the subject property, will be determined based
on environmental information and mapping possessed by the city as well as other information and
mapping provided by or through the applicant. The city may require the applicant, at the applicant's
expense, to provide any information, mapping, studies, materials, inspections or reviews that are
reasonably necessary to implement this article and to require that such information, studies, mapping,
materials, inspections and reviews be provided or performed by a qualified professional acceptable to the
city. Other provisions of this article detail other information and inspections that may be required in some
instances. (Ord. No. 90-43. § 2(80.30(3)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.30(3)), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, §
3(80.30(3)),12-17-91)
22-1244 Reasonable use of the subject property.
(a) The provisions of this section establish a mechanism whereby the provisions of this article may be
modified or waived on a case-by-case basis if their implementation would deprive an applicant of all
reasonable use of the subject property.
(b) An applicant may apply for a modification or waiver of the provisions of this article using process
IV; except, that applications for projects on single-family residential lots platted prior to the incorporation
ofthe city may use process Ill.
(c) The city may approve a modification or waiver of the requirements of this article on a case-by-
case basis based on the following criteria:
(1) The application of the provisions of this article eliminates all reasonable use of the subject
property.
(2) It is solely the implementation of this article, and not other factOrs, which precludes all
reasonable use of the subject property.
(3) The applicant has in no way created or exacerbated the condition, which forms the limitation
on the use of the subject property, nor in any way contributed to such limitation.
(4) The knowledge of the applicant of limitations on the subject property when he or she acquired
the subject property. .
(5) The waiver or modification will not lead to, create nor significantly increase the risk of injury
or death to any person or damage to improvements on or off the subject property.
(d) If the city grants a request under this section, it shall grant the minimum necessary to provide the
applicant with some reasonable use of the subject property, considering the factors described in
subsections (c)(1) through (c)(5) of this section. The city may impose any limitations, conditions and
restrictions it considers appropriate to reduce or eliminate any undesirable effects or adverse impacts of
granting a request under this section. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.35), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.35),8-20-
91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.35),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1245 Appeals of determination made under article.
Any determination made by the director of community development under this article may be
appealed using the procedures established for appeals of interpretations under FWCC ~ 22-350. (Ord.
No. 90-43, § 2(80.40), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.40), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.40),12-17-91)
FWCC - Enyironmentally Sensitive .\reas Critical Areas
Page 4
22-1246 Bonds.
The city may require a bond under FWCC 22-146 et seq. to insure compliance with any aspect of this
article. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.45),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.45),8-20-91; Oed. No. 91-123, § 3(80.45),
12-17-91)
22-1247 Dedication.
The city may require the applicant to dedicate development rights or an open space easement to the
city to insure protection of steep slopes, wells, streams, regulated lakes and regulated wetlands and other
areas within the jurisdiction ofthis article. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.50), 2-27-90; Oed. No. 91-105, § 4(80.50),8-
20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.50),12-17-91)
- -
22-1248 Exemptions.
The following activities are exempt from the provisions of this article:
(1) Emergencies, that in the opinion of the director of community development, threaten the public
health, safety and welfare;
(2) Normal and routine maintenance and repair of the following facilities, for which a maintenance
plan has been approved by the public works director:
a. Existing drainage ditches provided, however, that this exception shall not apply to any ditches
used by salmon ids other than to permit free migration of salmonid to their spawning grounds;
b. Surface water facilities, provided that such activities shall not involve conversion of any
regulated wetland not currently being used for such activity;
c. Existing public facilities and utility structures or right-or-way.
The maintenance plan may be designed to address individual facilities or facility components, area-
wide facilities or city-wide systems. The maintenance plan shall identify the nature of the potential
maintenance or repair activities, specifications for work which may occur within potential sensitive areas,
specifications for restoring and/or mitigating impacts, specifications for timing of maintenance or repair
activities, and process for contacting or notifying the city of pending maintenance or repair activities to
ensure compliance with the approved plan. The public works director may require that an appropriate
bond or security be maintained with the city to ensure restoration of disturb~d areas. (Ord. No. 91-105, §
4(80.37),8-20-91)
22-1249 - 22-1265 Reserved.
Division 3. General Site Design Requirements
22-1266 Responsibility of applicant.
The applicant shall locate all improvements on subject property to minimize adverse impacts ill to
steep slopes, wells, streams, regulated lakes~ and regulated wetlands. and critical aquifer recharge and
wellhead protection areas. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.60(1)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.60(1)),8-20-91; Ord.
No. 91-123, § 3(80.60(1)),12-17-91)
22-1267 Physical barriers.
The applicant shall install a berm, curb or other physical barrier during construction and, if necessary,
following completion of development of the subject property, to prevent direct runoff and erosion from
any disturbed area onto or into a steep slope, any area within 100 feet of a well head, a stream, a regulated
lake or a regulated wetland. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.60(2)), 2-27-90; Oed. No. 91-105, § 4(80.60(2)),8-20-91;
Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.60(2)), 12-17-91)
FWCC - Envirenmentally Sensitive ¡\reas Critical Areas
Page 5
22-1268 Vehicle circulation areas.
The applicant shall locate all parking and vehicle circulation areas as far as possible from any steep
slope, well head, stream, regulated lake and regulated wetland. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.60(3)), 2-27-90; Ord.
No. 91-105, § 4(80.60(3)),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.60(3),12-17-91)
22-1269 Time limitation.
The city may limit development activities which involve any land surface modification to specific
months of the year and to a maximum number of continuous days or hours in order to minimize adverse
impacts. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.60(4)),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.60(4)), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, §
3(80.60(4)),12-17-91)
22-1270 Other requirements.
The city may require other construction techniques, conditions and restrictions on development in
order to minimize adverse impacts on steep slopes, wells, critical aquifer recharge areas and wellhead
protection areas, streams, regulated lakes or regulated wetlands. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.60(5)), 2-27-90; Ord.
No. 91-105, § 4(80.60(5)), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.60(5)),12-17-91)
22-1271- 22-1285 Reserved.
Division 4. Geologically Hazardous Areas Development
22-1286 Limitations.
(a) This section regulates development activities and land surface modifications on or within 25 feet
of a geologically hazardous area.
(b) Development activities, land surface modifications or the installation and maintenance of
landscaping normally associated with residential, commercial or park use may not occur on or within 25
feet of a geologically hazardous area unless no reasonable alternative exists and then only if the
development activity or land surface modification will not lead to or create any increased slide, seismic or
erosion hazard.
(c) Before approving any development activity or land surface modification under this section, the
city may require the applicant to submit the following information: .
(1) A soils report prepared by a qualified professional engineer licensed in the state which
describes how the proposed development will impact each of the following on the subject property and
nearby properties:
a. Slope stability, landslide hazard and sloughing.
b. Seismic hazards.
c. Groundwater.
d. Seeps, springs and other surface waters.
e. Existing vegetation.
(2) Recommended foundation design and optimal location for roadways improvements.
(3) Recommended methods for mitigating identified impacts and a description of how these
mitigating measures may impact adjaéent properties.
(4) Any other information the city determines is reasonably necessary to evaluate the proposal.
(d) If the city approves any development activity or land surface modification under this section, it
may, among other appropriate conditions, impose the following conditions of approval:
(1) That the recommendations of the soils report be followed.
(2) That the applicant pay for the services of a qualified professional engineer selected and retained
by the city to review the soils report and other relevant information.
(3) That a qualified professional engineer be present on site during all land surface modification
activities.
FWCC - ER'¡iroRmeRtally Sensitive keGS Critical Areas
. Page 6
(4) That trees, shrubs and groundcover be retained except where necessary for approved development
activities on the subject property.
(5) That additional vegetation be planted in disturbed areas. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.65), 2-27-90; Ord.
No. 90-79, § 3,12-18-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.65),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.65),12-17-91)
22-1287 - 22-1305 Reserved.
Division 5. Streams
22-1306 Setbacks.
(a) No land surface modification or improvements may take place or be locate.d.,in a stream or within
the following setback areas except as allowed within this article: "".' -
(1) The setback area for a major stream includes all areas within 1 00 feet outward from the
ordinary high water mark of a major stream.
(2) The setback area for a minor stream includes all areas within 50 feet outward from the
ordinary high water mark of a minor stream.
(b) The setback areas established by this section do not apply to any segment of a stream that is
presently within a culvert, unless that stream will be taken out of the culvert as part of development of the
subject property. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.75), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-79, § 4, 12-18-90; Ord. No. 91-105, §
4(80.75),8-20-91; Oed. No. 91-123,§ 3(80.75),12-17-91; Oed. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1307 Relocation.
(a) Relocation of a stream on the subject property is permitted subject to all of the conditions and
restrictions of this section.
(b) A proposal to relocate a stream will be reviewed and decided upon using process IV in FWCC 22-
431 et seq.
(c) As part of any request under this section, the applicant must submit a stream relocation plan,
prepared by a qualified professional approved by the city, that shows the following:
(1) The creation of a natural meander pattern.
(2) The formation of gentle side slopes, at least two feet horizontally to one foot vertically, and
the installation of erosion control features for stream side slopes. .
(3) The creation of a narrow subchannel, where feasible, against the south or west bank.
(4) The utilization of natural materials, wherever possible.
(5) The use of vegetation normally associated with streams, including primarily native riparian
vegetation.
(6) The creation of spawning and nesting areas, w~erever appropriate.
(7) The re-establishment of the fish population, wherever feasible.
(8) The restoration of water flow characteristics compatible with fish habitat areas, wherever
feasible.
(9) The filling and revegetation ofthe prior channel.
(10) A proposed phasing plan specifying time of year for all project phases.
(d) The city will allow a stream to be relocated only if water quality, habitat and stormwater retention
capability ofthe streams will be significantly improved by the relocation. Convenience to the applicant in
order to facilitate general site design may not be considered.
(e) Prior to diverting water into the new channel, a qualified professional approved by the city shall
inspect the new channel following its completion and issue a written report to the director of community
development stating that the channel complies with the requirements of this section.
(f) The amount of flow and velocity of the stream may not be increased or decreased as the stream
enters or leaves the subject property. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.80), 2-27-90; Oed. No. 91-105, § 4(80.80),8-20-
91; Oed. No. 91-123, § 3(80.80), 12-17-91; Oed. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
FWCC - Enviranæentally Sensitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 7
22-1308 Bulkheads.
(a) A bulkhead may not be located in or along a stream except as established in this section.
(b) A request for a bulkhead in or along the stream will be reviewed and decided upon using process
III in FWCC 22-386 et seq.
(c) A request to locate a bulkhead in or along the stream will only be granted if the bulkhead is
needed to prevent significant erosion and the use of vegetation will not sufficiently stabilize the bank to
prevent this erosion.
(d) The bulkhead, if permitted, must be designed to minimize the transmittal of water current to other
properties. Changes in the horizontal or vertical configuration of the land in or around the stream must be
kept to a minimum. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.85), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.85), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123,
§ 3(80.85), 12-17-91; Ord. No. 97-291, § 3,4-1-97)
22-1309 Culverts.
(a) Culverts are permitted in streams only if approved under this section.
(b) The city will review and decide upon applications under this chapter using process III in FWCC
22-386 et seq.
(c) The city will allow a stream to be put in a culvert only if:
(1) No significant habitat area will be destroyed; and
(2) It is necessary for some reasonable use of the subject property. Convenience to the applicant
in order to facilitate general site design will not be considered. The applicant must demonstrate, by
submitting alternative site plans showing the stream in an open condition, that no other reasonable site
design exists.
(d) The culvert must be designed and installed to allow passage of fish inhabiting or using the stream.
The culvert must be large enough to accommodate a lOO-year storm.
(e) The applicant shall, at all times, keep all culverts on the subject property free of debris and
sediment so as to allow free passage of water and, if applicable, fish. The city shall require a bond under
FWCC 22-146 et seq. to ensure maintenance of the culvert approved under this section. (Ord. No. 90-43, §
2(80.90),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.90), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.90),12-17-91; Ord. No. 97-291, §
3,4-1-97)
22-1310 Removal of streams from culverts.
If dev~lopment of the subject property requires approval through process I, II or III of this chapter,
the city may require the stream to be taken out of the culvert and restored to a natural-like configuration
as part of the city's approval of development of the subject property. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.95), 2-27-90;
Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.95), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.95),12-17-91)
22-1311 Rehabilitation.
The director of community development may permit or require the applicant to rehabilitate or
maintain a stream by requiring the removal of detrimental materials such as debris, sediment and
invasive, non-native vegetation. Approval of stream rehabilitation shall be based on a review of a plan
containing, at a minimum, an analysis of existing conditions, identification of the source, if possible, of
the degradation of the stream or riparian zone, proposed corrective actions, including installation of native
species' within the riparian corridor, performance standards, monitoring schedule, planting plans, erosion
and sedimentation control plans, and grading plans as necessary. The director shall require an applicant to
retain the services of a qualified professional in preparing the restoration plan. These actions may be
pennitted or required at any time that a condition detrimental to water quality, stability of stream banks,
degradation of existing naturally vegetated buffers, or in stream habitat exists. Intrusions into regulated
steep slopes and associated setbacks will be allowed for purposes of approved stream rehabilitation
projects. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.100),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.100), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, §
3(80.100), 12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3, 11-16-99)
FWCC - ERviroRmeatally Sensitive Ar.eas Critical Areas
Page 8
22-1312 Intrusion into setbacks.
(a) Essential public facilities, public utilities and other public improvements. The director of
community development may permit the placement of an essential public facility, public utility or other
public improvements in a setback from a stream ifhe or she determines that the line or improvement must
traverse the setback area because no feasible alternative location exists based on an analysis of technology
and system efficiency. The specific location and extent of the intrusion into the setback area must
constitute the minimum necessary encroachment to meet the requirements of the public facility or utility.
"Public utility and other public improvements" shall not include improvements whose primary purpose is
to benefit a private development, including without limitation interior roads or privately-owned detention
facilities installed within or during the construction of a residential subdivision, binding site plan, or other
commercial development.
(b) Minor improvements. Minor improvements such as footbridges crossing the stream, walkways
and benches may be located within the setback area if approved through process III, based on the
following criteria:
(1) It will not adversely affect water quality;
(2) It will not adversely affect the existing quality of wildlife habitat within the stream or setback
area;
(3) It will not adversely affect drainage or stormwater retention capabilities;
(4) It will not lead to unstable earth conditions nor create erosion hazards;
(5) It will not be materially detrimental to any other property nor to the city as a whole; and
(6) It is necessary to correct anyone of the adverse conditions specified in subsections (b)( 1)
through (b)(5) of this subsection.
(c) Other intrusions. Other than as specified in subsections (a) and (b) of this section, the city may
approve any request to locate an improvement or engage in land surface modification within stream
setback areas only through process IV, based on the following criteria:
(1) It will not adversely affect water quality;
(2) It will not adversely affect the existing quality of wildlife habitat within the stream or setback
area;
(3) It will not adversely affect drainage or stormwater retention capabilities;
(4) It will not lead to unstable earth conditions nor create erosion hazards;
(5) It will not be materially detrimental to any other property in the area of the subject property
nor to the city as a whole, including the loss of significant open space; and
(6) It is necessary for reasonable development of the subject property. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.105),
2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.105), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.105),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3, 11-
16-99)
22-1313 Additional requirements for land surface modifi~ation.
. If any land surface modification is permitted within the streátn or stream setback area, the applicant
shall comply with the following additional requirements:
(1) All fill material used must be nondissolving and nondecomposing. The fill material must not
contain organic or inorganic material that would be detrimental to water quality or the existing habitat.
(2) The applicant may deposit dredge spoils on the subject property only if part of an approved
development on the subject property.
(3) The applicant shall stabilize all areas left exposed after land surface modification with native
vegetation normally associated with the stream or setback area. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.110), 2-27-90; Ord.
No. 91-105, § 4(80.110),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.110),12-17-91)
22-1314 - 22-1330 Reserved.
FWCC Environmentally Sensitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 9
Division 6. Regulated Lakes
22-1331 Conformance with division.
No structure, improvement nor land surface modification may be constructed or take place within
regulated lakes or within setback areas from regulated lakes except as allowed in this article. (Ord. No. 90-
43, § 2(80.115), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.115), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.115),12-17-91)
22-1332 Setback areas.
All areas landward 25 feet in every direction from the ordinary high water mark of a regulated lake is
within the setback area from a regulated lake. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.120), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, §
4(80.120),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.120),12-17-91)
22-1333 Activities and improvements waterward ofthe ordinary high water mark.
This section regulates structures, improvements and activities waterward of the ordinary high water
mark of regulated lakes.
(1) Dredging and filling. Except as permitted in conjunction with activities regulated under
process III and IV, FWCC 22 17622-386 et seq. and 22 51622-431 et seq., dredging and filling
waterward of the ordinary high water mark of a regulated lake is prohibited.
(2) Structures and improvements. Except as permitted in conjunction with activities regulated
under process III and IV, FWCC ~ 22-386 et seq. and 22 51622-431 et seq., the only structures or
improvements that may be located waterward of the ordinary high water mark of a regulated lake are
moorage structures. The city will review and decide upon any proposal for a moorage structure waterward
of the ordinary high water mark using process III. The city may grant a request under this section if the
moorage structure is accessory to a dwelling unit or public park on the subject property and no significant
habitat area will be damaged by its construction or use. A moorage structure, if permitted, may not extend
waterward further than is reasonably necessary to function properly, but in no event more than 200 feet
waterward of the ordinary high water mark. Moorage structures may not be treated with creosote, oil base
or other toxic substances. The top of the moorage struCture may not be more than two feet above the
ordinary high water mark. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.125), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.125), 8-20-91; Ord.
No. 91-123, § 3(80.125),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1334 Activities and improvements within the required setback areas from regulated lakes.
No structure, improvement nor land surface modification may be located or take place within the
setback area from a regulated lake except as allowed in this section.
(1) Landscaping and land surface modification. Except as otherwise specifically permitted in this
section, the setback area from a regulated lake may not be covered with an impervious surface.
Installation and maintenance of normal residential or park-like landscaping may take place within the
required setback area, provided that no fertilizers, pesticides or other chemicals or substances are applied
within the setback area that will degrade water quality or hasten eutrophication of the lake. Land surface
modification beyond installation and maintenance of normal residential or park-like landscaping may only
be permitted within the setback area if approved through process III based on the following criteria:
a. The proposed land surface modification is necessary for the reasonable use of the subject
property.
b. The land surface modification will not increase or decrease the size of the regulated lake.
c. The land surface modification will not change the points where any water enters or leaves
the subject property nor in any way change drainage patterns to or from adjacent properties.
d. The proposed land surface modification will not be detrimental to water quality or habitats
in or around the lake.
(2) Minor structures and improvements. Minor improvements such as walkways, benches,
platforms for storage of small boats and small storage lockers for paddles, oars, life preservers and similar
FWCC - ER\'iraoffieRtally SeRsitive Ai"eas Critical Areas
Page 10
boating equipment may be located within the setback area if approved by the director of community
development based on the following criteria:
a. The minor improvement will not adversely affect water quality.
b. The minor improvement will not destroy nor damage a significant habitat area.
c. The minor improvement will not adversely affect drainage or stormwater retention
capabilities.
d. The minor improvement will not be materially detrimental to any other property in the area
of the subject property nor to the city as a whole.
(3) Essential public facilities and utilities. The director of community development may permit
the placement of an essential public facility or utility in the setback area if he or she determines that the
line or improvement must traverse the setback area because no feasible alternative location exists based
on an analysis of technology and system efficiency. The specific location and extent of the intrusion into
the setback area must constitute the minimum necessary encroachment to meet the requirements of the
public facility or utility.
(4) Other intrusions.
a. Where the properties immediately abutting the subject property have dwelling units which
extend into the setback area, the applicant may construct a dwelling unit on the subject property that
extends into this setback area to the extent permitted in subsection (4 )(b) of this section.
b. Where subsection (4)(a) ofthis section applies, the dwelling unit on the subject property
may be no closer to the ordinary high water mark of the regulated lake than the average of the distance of
the two dwelling units on the properties immediately abutting the subject property. If one of the properties
immediately abutting the subject property does not contain a dwelling unit or the dwelling unit on that
abutting property is more than 25 feet from the ordinary high water mark of the regulated lake, the
setback of the dwelling unit on that lot will be presumed to be 25 feet for the purposes of calculating the
permissible location for the dwelling unit on the subject property under this section.
(5) Revegetation. The applicant shall stabilize all areas left exposed after land surface
modification with appropriate vegetation. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.130), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-79, § 5, 12-18-90;
Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.130),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.130), 12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3, 11-16-99)
22-1335 Rehabilitation.
The director of community development may permit or require the applicant to rehabilitate or
maintain a regulated lake by requiring the removal of detrimental materials such as debris, sediment and
inappropriate vegetation and by requiring the planting of native vegetation. These actions may be
permitted or required at any time that a condition detrimental to water quality or habitat exists. (Ord. No.
90-43, § 2(80.135), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.135), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.135), 12-17-91)
22-1336 Bulkheads.
(a) General. A bulkhead is permitted within or adjacent to a regulated lake subject to the provisions of
this section.
(b) Required permit. The city will review and decide upon an application under this section using
process III.
(c) Çriteria. The city may permit a bulkhead to be constructed only if:
(1) The bulkhead is needed to prevent significant erosion.
(2) The use of vegetation will not sufficiently stabilize the shoreline to prevent the significant
erosIOn.
(d) Design features. A bulkhead may not be located between a regulated lake and a wetland. Changes in
the horizontal or vertical configuration of the land must be kept to a minimum. The bulkhead must be
designed to minimize the transmittal of wave energy to other properties. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.140), 2-27-90;
Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.140), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.140), 12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1337 - 22-1355 Reserved.
FWCC - ER\'ireamentaUy Seasiti\'e Ar.eas Critical Areas
Page 11
Division 7. Regulated Wetlands
22-1356 Determination of wetland and regulated wetland.
(a) Generally. This section contains procedures and criteria for detennining whether an area is defined
as a regulated wetland under this chapter.
(b) Evaluation. If the city detennines that a wetland may exist on or within 200 feet of the subject
property, the director of community development shall require the applicant to submit a wetland report,
prepared by a qualified professional approved by the city, that includes the infonnation set forth in
subsections (b)(l) through (b )(7) and (c) of this section. The director of community development shall use
the infonnation required by subsections (b)(1) and (b)(2) to determine if the area is a regulated wetland
and, if so, shall use the infonnation required by subsections (b )(3) through (b )(7) and (c) to detennine the
category and the precise boundaries of that regulated wetland.
(1) An evaluation of whether the area in question is a regulated wetland, based on the definition
of "regulated wetland" in FWCC 22-1.
(2) An overview of the methodology used to conduct the study.
. (3) A description of the wetland and plant communities found therein, a map delineating the edge
of the wetland and location of plant communities, and a detailed description of the method used to
identify the wetland edge.
(4) The wetland classification, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service "Classification of
Wetlands and Deep Water Habitats in the U.S."
(5) A list of observed plant and wildlife species, using both scientific and common names, and a
description of their relative abundance.
(6) A list of potential plant or animal species based on signs or other observation.
(7) An evaluation and assessment of the existing or potential functions and values of the wetland
based on the following factors: Surface water control; wildlife habitat; pollution and erosion control;
groundwater exchange; open space and recreation; and educational and cultural opportunities.
(c) Drainage facilities. Surface water ponds, drainage ditches, and other such facilities which were
designed to impound or convey water for an engineered purpose are not considered regulated wetlands
under this article provided they meet all of the following criteria:
(1) The drainage facility must have been intentionally human created. This is to differentiate from
those wetland sites that are accidental consequences of development actions, such as road construction or
culvert placement. Such sites may be considered regulated wetlands by the director upon a review, under
subsection (b)(7) of this section, of the ecological functions and values of the site.
(2) The drainage facility must have been originally constructed on uplands (nonwetland areas). If
the drainage facility is located within a straightened, channelized, or otherwise disturbed natural
watercourse, it may be considered a regulated wetland by the director upon a review, under subsection
(b)(7) of this section, of the ecological functions and values of the site.
(3) The facility must be actively operated as for use as a surface water drainage facility.
Abandoned drainage facilities may be considered regulated wetlands by the director upon a review, under
subsection (b)(7) of this section, of the ecological functions and values of the site.
(4) Wetland conditions have not expanded beyond the originally constructed drainage facility
boundary. In such a case the expanded area may be considered a regulated wetland by the director upon
review, under subsection (b)(7) of this section, of the ecological functions and values of the site.
(5) The drainage facility was not designed or constructed as a requirement to mitigate previous
wetland impacts.
(6) The director finds that limited ecological functions and values do not warrant application of
the city's wetland regulations. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.145), 2:-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 4(80.145), 8-20-91;
Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.145),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
FWCC ERvireRlReRtally SeRsitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 12
22-1357 Wetland categories and standard buffers.
(a) Regulated wetlands are classified into the following categories:
(1) Category I wetlands meet one of the following criteria:
a. Contain the presence of species or documented habitat recognized by state or federal
agencies as endangered, threatened or potentially extirpated plant, fish or animal species; or
b. Contain the presence of plant associations of infrequent occurrence, irreplaceable
ecological functions, or exceptional local significance including but not limited to estuarine systems, peat
bogs and fens, mature forested wetlands, groundwater exchange areas, significant habitat or unique -
educational sites; or .
c. Have three or more wetland classes, one of which is open water.
(2) Category II wetlands are greater than 2,500 square feet in area, do not exhibit the
characteristics of Category I wetlands, and meet one of the following criteria:
a. Are contiguous with water bodies or tributaries to water bodies which under normal
circumstances contain or support a fish population, including streams where flow is intermittent; or
b. Are greater than one acre in size in its entirety; or
c. Are less than or equal to one acre in size in its entirety and have two or more wetland classes,
with neither class dominated by non-native invasive species.
(3) Category III wetland are greater than 2,500 square feet in area and do not exhibit those
characteristics of Category I or II wetlands.
(b) Standard buffer widths for regulated wetlands are established as follows:
(1) Category I wetlands shall have a standard buffer width of 200 feet.
(2) Category II wetlands shall have a standard buffer width of 100 feet.
(3) Category III wetlands shall have a standard buffer width of 50 feet for wetlands that are
greater than 10,000 square feet in area, and shall have a standard buffer width of 25 feet for wetlands that
are between 2,500 to 10,000 square feet in area. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.150), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, §
4(80.150),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.150), 12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1358. Structures, improvements and land surface modifications within regulated wetlands.
(a) Generally. No land surface modification may take place and no structure or improvement may be
located in a regulated wetland except as provided in this section.
(b) Public park. The city may allow pedestrian access through a regulated wetland in conjunction with
a public park. The access, if approved, must be designed to the maximum extent feasible to protect the
wetland from any adverse effects or impacts of the access and to limit the access to the defined access
area.
(c) Rehabilitation. The director of community development may permit or require an applicant to
rehabilitate and maintain a regulated wetland by removing detrimental material such as debris and
inappropriate vegetation and by requiring that native vegetation be planted. These actions may be
required at any time that a condition detrimental to water quality or habitat exists.
(d) Modification. Other than as specified in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the city may
approve any request to locate an improvement or engage in land surface modification-within a regulated
wetland using process IV. The specific location and extent of the intrusion into the regulated wetland
must constitute the minimum necessary encroachment. Approval of a request for improvements or land
surface modification within a regulated wetland through process IV shall be based on the following
criteria:
(1) It will not adversely affect water quality.
(2) It will not adversely affect the existing quality ofthe wetland's or buffer's wildlife habitat.
(3) It will not adversely affect drainage or stormwater retention capabilities.
(4) It will not lead to unstable earth conditions nor create erosion hazards.
(5) It will not be materially detrimental to any other property in the area of the subject property
nor to the city as a whole, including the loss of open space.
FWCC - ER'IiroRmentally Sensitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 13
(6) It will result in no net loss of wetland area, function or value.
(7) The project is in the best interest of the public health, safety or welfare.
(8) The applicant has demonstrated sufficient scientific expertise and supervisory capability to
carry out the project.
(9) The applicant is committed to monitoring the project and to make corrections if the project
fails to meet projected goals.
(e) Required information. As part of any request under this section, the applicant shall submit a
report, prepared by a qualified professional approved by the city, that includes the following information:
(1) Mitigation plan. A mitigation plan shall include the following elements:
a. Environmental goals and objectives.
b. Performance standards.
c. Detailed construction plans.
d. Timing.
e. Monitoring program for a minimum of five years.
f. Contingency plan.
g. Subject to the appl icant' s election of timing alternatives provided in subsection (e)( 4) of
this section, a performance and maintenance bond in an amount of 120 percent of the costs of
implementing the mitigation plan or the contingency plan, whichever is greater.
(2) Mitigation. Mitigation of wetland impacts shall be restricted to restoration, creation or
enhancement, within the same basin, of in-kind wetland type which results in no net loss of wetland area,
function or value. Where feasible, mitigation measures shall be designed to improve the functions and
values of the impacted wetland.
(3) Minimum acreage mitigation ratio. The following are ratios for providing restoration, creation
or enhancement of impacted wetland areas. The first number of the ratio specifies the acreage of wetland
requiring restoration, creation or replacement and the second specifies the acreage of wetlands impacted.
Wetland Category Creation and
Restoration Enhancement
Category I
(all types)
Category II:
Forested
Scrub/Shrub
Emergent
Category III:
Forested 2: 1 4: 1
Scrub/Shrub 1.5: I 3: 1
,¡,.
Emergent. . 1.25: 1 2.5: 1
The director mày permit or require the above replacement ratios to be increased or decreased
based on the following criteria:
a. Probable success of the proposed mitigation.
b. Projected losses in function or value.
c. Findings of special studies coordinated with agencies with expertise which demonstrate
that no net loss of wetland function or value is attained under an alternative ratio.
d. In no case shall the minimum acreage replacement ratio be less than 1.25: I.
(4) Timing. All required wetland mitigation improvements, including monitoring, shall be
completed and accepted by the director of community development prior to beginning activities that will
disturb regulated wetlands, or the applicant shall provide the performance and maintenance bond
specified in subsection (eXI)(g) of this section. In either event, the applicant may not take any action that
disturbs a regulated wetland or its buffer until the director has reviewed and approved the mitigation plan.
6: 1
12:1
3: 1
2: 1
2: 1
6:1
4:1
4:1
FWCC - ERviroRmeRtally SeAsitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 14
All wetland- or buffer-disturbing activities, and all mitigation, shall be timed to reduce impacts to existing
plants and animals.
(5) Inspections. The applicant shall pay for services of a qualified professional selected and
retained by the city to review the wetland mitigation report and other relevant information, conduct
periodic inspections, issue a written report to the director of community development stating that the
project complies with requirements of the mitigation plan, and to conduct and report to the director on the
status of the monitoring program. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.155), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-79, § 6, 12-18-90; Ord.
No. 91-105, § 4(80.155),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.155),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1359 Structures, improvements and land surface modification within regulated wetland
buffers. .
(a) Generally. Except as allowed in this section, no land surface modification may take place and no
structure or improvement may be located within a regulated wetland buffer.
(b) Buffer averaging. Buffers may be averaged only when the wetland or the buffer which is proposed
to be reduced contains habitat types which have been so permanently impacted that reduced buffers do
not pose a detriment to the existing or expected habitat functions. Through process III, the applicant must
demonstrate to the satisfaction of the director of community development that the proposed buffer
averaging will meet all ofthe following criteria:
(1) Reduced buffers will not affect the water quality entering a wetland or stream;
(2) Reduced buffers will not adversely affect the existing quality of wildlife habitat within the
wetland or the buffer;
(3) Reduced buffers will not result in unstable earth conditions nor create erosion hazards; and
(4) Reduced buffers will not be detrimental to any other public or private properties, including the
loss of open space.
At no point shall the buffer width be reduced to less than 50 percent of the required standard buffer
width, unless the buffer, in existing conditions, has already been permanently eliminated by previous,
legally permitted actions. The total area contained within the buffer after averaging shall be equal to the
area required for standard buffer dimensions.
(c) Essential public facilities, public utilities and other public improvements. The director of
community development may permit the placement of an essential public facility, public utility or other
public improvements in a regulated wetland buffer if he or she determines that the line or improvement
must traverse the buffer because no feasible or alternative location exists based on an analysis of
technology and system efficiency. The specific location and extent of the intrusion into the buffer must
constitute the minimum necessary encroachment to meet the requirements of the public facility or utility.
(d) Minor improvements. Minor improvements such as footbridges, walkways and benches may be
located within the buffer from a regulated wetland if approved through process III, based on the following
criteria: .
(1) It will not adversely affect water quality;
(2) It will not adversely affect the existing quality of the wetland's or buffer's wildlife habitat;
(3) It will not adversely affect drainage or stormwater retention capabilities;
(4) It will not lead to unstable earth conditions nor create erosion hazards; and
. (5) It will not be materially detrimental to any other property in the area of the subject property
nor to the city as a whole.
(e) Buffer reduction. Through process III, the director of community development may reduce the
standard wetland buffer width by up to 50 percent, but in no case to less than 25 feet, on a case-by-case
basis, if the project includes a buffer enhancement plan which utilizes appropriate native vegetation and
clearly substantiates that an enhanced buffer will improve and provide additional protection of wetland
functions and values, and where one of the following conditions can be demonstrated:
FWCC - Environmentally Sensitive .".reas Critical Areas
Page 15
(1) Existing conditions are such that the required standard buffer exists in a permanently altered
state (e.g., roadways, paved parking lots, permanent structures, etc. which does not provide any buffer
function, then the buffer can be reduced for that portion where the intrusions are existing.
(2) Except for Category I wetlands, existing conditions are such that the wetland has been
permanently impacted by adjacent development activities, as evidenced by such things as persistent
human alterations or the dominance of non-native invasive species. -
(3) A project on an existing single-family lot platted prior to the incorporation of the city, where
imposition of the standard buffer would preclude reasonable use of the lot.
The director shall have the authority to determine if buffer averaging is warranted on the subject property
and, if so, may require additional buffer area on other portions ofthe perimeter of the sensitive area.
(f) Modification. Other than as specified in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the city may
approve any request to locate an improvement or engage in land surface modification within the buffer
from a regulated wetland through process IV, based on the following criteria:
(1) It will not adversely affect water quality;
(2) It will not adversely affect the existing quality of the wetland's or buffer's wildlife habitat;
(3) It will not adversely affect drainage or stormwater retention capabilities;
(4) It will not lead to unstable earth conditions nor create erosion hazards; and
(5) It will not be materially detrimental to any other property in the area of the subject property
nor to the city as a whole, including the loss of open space.
Any modification under this subsection shall not reduce the standard buffer by more than 50 percent,
and in no case shall the remaining buffer be less than 25 feet. The city may require, as a condition to any
modification granted under this subsection, preparation and implementation ofa wetland buffer
enhancement plan to protect wetland and buffer functions and values.
(g) Revegetation. The applicant shall stabilize all areas left exposed after land surface modification
with native vegetation normally associated with the buffer.
(h) Buffer increases. The director shall require increased environmentally sensitive area buffer widths
on a case-by-case basis when the director determines that a larger buffer is necessary to protect
environmentally sensitive area functions, values or hazards based on site-specific conditions. This
determination shall be supported by appropriate documentation showing that additional buffer width is
reasonably related to protection of environmentally sensitive area functions and values, or protection of
public health, safety and welfare. Such determination shall be attached as permit conditions. The
determination shall demonstrate that at least one of the following factors are met:
(I) There is habitat for species listed as threatened or endangered by state or federal agencies
present within the sensitive area and/or its buffer, and additional buffer is necessary to maintain viable
functional habitat;
(2) There are conditions or features adjacent to the buffer, such as steep slopes or erosion hazard
areas, which over time may pose an additional threat to the viability of the buffer and/or the sensitive
area. In such circumstances the city may choose to impose those buffers, if any associated with the
condition or feature posing the threat in addition to, or to a maximum, beyond the buffer required for the
subject sensitive area. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.160), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-79, § 7, 12-18-90; Ord. No. 91-105, §
4(80.160),8-20-91; Ord. No. 91-123, § 3(80.160),12-17-91; Ord. No. 99-353, § 3,11-16-99)
22-1360 - 22-1368 Reserved.
Division 8~ Regulated Well Heads
22-1369 Criteria.
Any well constructed after March I, 1990, must comply with the siting criteria of Chapter 173-160
WAc. Any improvement or use on the subject property erected or engaged in after March 1, 1990, must
FWCC - ERvirenmentaIly SeflSiti.¡e Areas Critical Areas
Page 16
comply with the requirements in Chapter 173-160 WAC regarding separation of wells from sources of
pollution. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(80.70), 2-27-90)
22 1370 22 1375 Reserved.
Division 9. Critical Aquifer Recharee Areas and Wellhead Protection Areas
22-1370 Limitations.
This division regulates development activities and land surface modifications within designated
wellhead capture zones. Wellhead Capture Zones 1, 2. and 3 are designated as critical aquifer recharge
areas under the provisions of the Growth Management Act (Chapter 36.70A RCW) and are established
based on proximity to and travel time of groundwater to the city's public water source wells.
22-1371 Classification of wellhead capture zones.
The Lakehaven Utility District (LUD) has designated three wellhead capture zones based on
proximity to and travel time of groundwater to the city's public water source wells:
(a) Wellhead Capture Zone 1 represents the land area overlaying the one-year time-of-travel zone
of any public water source well owned by LUD.
(b) Wellhead Capture Zone 2 represents the land area overlaying the five-year time-or-travel zone
of any public water source well owned by LUD. excluding the land area contained in Wellhead Capture
Zone 1.
(c) Wellhead Capture Zone 3 represents the land area overlaying the 10-year time-of-trave1 zone
of any public water source well owned by LUD. excluding the land area contained in Wellhead Capture
Zones 1 or 2.
22-1372 General requirements.
(1) Activities may only be permitted in a critical aquifer recharge area and wellhead protection area if
the applicant can show that the proposed activity will not cause contaminants to enter the aquifer;
(2) The city shall impose development conditions to prevent degradation of the critical aquifer
recharge and wellhead protection area. All conditions to permits shall be based on known. available. and
reasonable methods of prevention control and treatment (AKART).
(3) The proposed activity must comply with the water source protection requirements and
recommendations of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. State Department of Ecology. State
Department of Health. and the King County Health Department.
(4) The proposed activity must be designed and constructed in accordance with the King County
Surface Water Design Manual (KCSWDM). the Federal Way Addendum to the KCSWDM. and the King
County Storm water Pollution Control Manual (BMP manual). - . .
22-1373 Prohibited activities in wellhead capture zone 1.
(l) Land uses or activities for development that pose a significant hazard to the city's groundwater
resources resulting from storing. handling. treating. using. producing. recycling. or disposing of
hazardous materials or other deleterious substances shall be prohibited in Wellhead Capture Zone 1.
These land uses and activities include. but are not limited to:
a. On-site community sewage disposal systems as defined in Chapter 248-272 WAC;
b. Hazardous liquid pipelines as defined in Chapter 81.88 RCW;
c. Solid waste landfills;
d. Solid waste transfer stations;
e. Liquid petroleum refining. reprocessing. and storage;
f. The storage or distribution of gasoline treated with the additive MTBE;
FWCC - En'¡ir.onmentally Sensitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 17
g. Hazardous waste treatment. storage, and disposal facilities (except those defined under permit
by rule for industrial wastewater treatment processes per Chapter 173-303-802r5Hc) WAC);
h. Chemical manufacturing, including but not limited to, organic and inorganic chemicals,
plastics and resins, pharmaceuticals, cleaning compounds, paints and lacquers, and agricultural chemicals;
i. Dry cleaning establishments using the solvent perchloroethylene;
i. Primary and secondary metal industries that manufacture, produce, smelt, or refine ferrous and
non-ferrous metals from molten materials;
k. Wood treatment facilities, including wood preserving and wood products preserving;
1. Mobile fleet fueling operations;
m. Mining (metal, sand, and gravel); and
n. Other land uses and activities that the city determines would pose a significant groundwater
hazard to the city's groundwater supply.
(2) Use List Not Exhaustive. The uses listed in FWCC 22-1379(1) represent the state of present
knowledge and most common description of said uses. As other polluting uses are discovered, or other
terms of description become necessary, they will be added to the list of uses prohibited within this zone.
22-1374 Re2:ulation offacilities handlin2: and storin2: hazardous materials.
(1) Any land uses and activities located in critical aquifer recharge areas (wellhead capture zones L 2,
and 3) shall submit a Hazardous Materials Inventory Statement with a development permit application.
Single-family residential uses of hazardous materials or deleterious substances are exempt from this
requirement. but must conform to those performance standards in FWCC 22-1375.1. In addition, on-
going operation and niaint~nance activities of public wells by public water providers are exempt from
these requirements.
(2) Land uses and activities that involve the use, storage, transport, or disposal of hazardous materials
as defined in FWCC 22- L in quantities equal or greater to 20 gallons liquid, or 200 pounds solid. shall
submit a Hydrogeologic Critical Area Assessment Report and a Spill Containment and Response Plan.
which shall at the minimum conform to the performance standards in FWCC 22-1381.
(3) A Hydrogeologic Critical Area Assessment Report shall be prepared by a qualified groundwater
scientist to determine the potential impacts of contamination on the aquifer. The report shall include the
following site and proposal related information. at a minimum: .
(a) Information regarding geologic and hydrogeologic characteristics of the site. including the
surface location of the wellhead capture zone in which it is located and the type of infiltration of the site.
(b) Groundwater depth. flow direction. and gradient.
(c) Location of other critical areas. including surface waters, within 200 feet of the site;
(d) Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Integrated Pest Management (lPM) proposed to be
used, including:
i. Predictive evaluation of groundwater withdrawal effects on nearby wells and surface water
features;
ii. Predictive evaluation of contaminant transport based on potential releases to groundwater;
and
iii. Predictive evaluation of changes in the infiltration/recharge rate.
(4) A Spill Containment and Response Plan is required to identify equipment and/or structures that
could fail, and shall include provisions for inspection as required by the applicable state regulations.
(5) A Groundwater Monitoring Plan may be required to monitor quality and quantity of groundwater.
surface water runoff, and/or site soils. The city may require the owner of a facility to install one or more
groundwater monitoring wells to accommodate the required groundwater monitoring. Criteria used to
determine the need for site monitoring shall include. but not be limited to. the proximity of the facility to
production or monitoring wells. the type and quantity of hazardous materials on site. and whether or not
the hazardous materials are stored in underground vessels.
FWCC - EH"liraRmeRtally SeHsitÌ\'e Ai'eas Critical Areas
Page 18
(6) The city may employ an outside consultant at the applicant's expense for third-party review of the
Hydrogeologic Critical Area Assessment Report, the Spill Containment and Response Plan, and the
Groundwater Monitoring Plan.
22-1375 Performance Standards.
0) Wellhead Capture Zone 1. Any new or existing use applying for a development permit within
wellhead capture zone L which involves storing, handling, treating, using, producing, recycling, or
disposing of hazardous materials or other deleterious substances shall comply with the following
standards:
(a) Secondary containment:
i. The owner or operator of anv facility or activity shall provide secondary containment for
hazardous materials, or other deleterious substances, in aggregate quantities equal to or greater than 20
gallons liquid or 200 pounds solid, or in quantities specified in the International Fire Code, whichever is
smaller.
ii. Hazardous materials stored in tanks that are subject to regulation by the Washington State
Department of Ecology under Chapter 173-360 WAC (Underground Storage Tank Regulations) are
exempt from the secondary containment requirements of this section, provided that documentation is
provided to demonstrate compliance with those regulations.
(b) Stormwater infiltration systems. Design and construction of new stormwater infiltration
systems must address site-specific risks of releases posed by all hazardous materials on site. These risks
may be mitigated by physical design means, or equivalent best management practices, in accordance with
an approved Hazardous Materials Management Plan. Desig:n and construction of said stormwater
infiltration systems shall also be in accordance with the KCSWDM, as amended by the City of Federal
Way, and shall be certified for compliance with the requirements of this section by a professional
engineer or engineering geologist registered in the State of Washington.
(c) Protection standards during construction. The following standards shall apply to construction
activities occurring where construction vehicles will be refueled on site, and/or the quantity of hazardous
materials that will be stored, dispensed, used, or handled on the construction site is in aggregate quantities
equal to or greater than 20 gallons liquid or 200 pounds solid, exclusive of the quantity of hazardous
material contained in fuel or fluid reservoirs of construction vehicles. As part of the city's project
permitting process, the city may require any or all ofthe following items: .
i. Detailed monitoring and construction standards;
ii. Designation of a person on site during operating hours who is responsible for supervising
the use, storage, and handling of hazardous materials, and who has appropriate knowledge and training to
take mitigating actions necessary in the event of a fire or spill;
iv. Hazardous material storage, dispensing, refueling areas, and use and handling areas shall
be provided with secondary containment adequate to contain the maximum release from the largest
volume container of hazardous substances stored at the construction site;
v. Practices and procedures to ensure that hazardous materials left on site when the site is
unsupervised are inaccessible to the public. Locked storage sheds, locked fencing, locked fuel tanks on
construction vehicles, or other techniques may be used to preclude access;
vi. Practices and procedures to ensure that construction vehicles and stationary equipment
that are found to be leaking fuel. hydraulic fluid, and/or other hazardous materials will be removed
immediately, or repaired on-site immediately. The vehicle or equipment may be repaired in place,
provided the leakage is completely contained:
vii. Practices and procedures to ensure that storage and dispensing of flammable and
combustible liquids from tanks, containers, and tank trucks into the fuel and fluid reservoirs of
construction vehicles or stationary equipment on the construction site are in accordance with the
International Fire Code; and
FWCC - Environmentally Sensitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 19
viii. Practices and procedures. and/or onsite materials adequate to ensure the immediate
containment and cleanup of any release of hazardous substances stored at the construction site. On site
clean up materials may suffice for smaller spills. whereas cleanup of larger spills may require a
subcontract with a qualified cleanup contractor. Releases shall immediately be contained. cleaned up. and
reported if required according to state requirements.
(2) Wellhead capture zones 1. 2. and 3. Any new or existing use applying for a development permit
within all wellhead capture zones (1. 2. and 3), which involves storing, handling, treating. using.
producing. recycling. or disposinl;!: of hazardous materials. or other deleterious substances. shall comply
with the following standards:
(a) Vehicle fueling, maintenance, and storage areas. Fleet and automotive service station fueling,
equipment maintenance, and vehicle washing areas shall have a containment system for collecting and
treating all runoff from such areas and preventing release of fuels, oils, lubricants, and other automotive
fluids into the soil. surface water. or groundwater. Appropriate emergency response equipment shall be
kept on site during the transfer. handling. treatment. use, production. recycling. or disposal of hazardous
materials or other deleterious substances.
(b) Loading and unloading areas. Secondary containment or equivalent best management
practices. as approved by the Director of Community Development Services. shall be required at loading
and unloading areas that store. handle, treat. use, produce. recycle. or dispose of hazardous materials, or
other deleterious substances. in aggregate quantities equal to or greater than 20 gallons liquid or 200
pounds solid.
(c) Fill materials. Fill material shall not contain concentration of contaminants that exceed
cleanup standards for soil as specified in the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA). An Imported Fill
Source Statement is required for all projects where more than 100 cubic yards of fill will be imported to a
site. The city may require analytical results to demonstrate that fill materials do not exceed cleanup
standards. The Imported Fill Source Statement shall include:
i. Source location of imported fill:
ii. Previous land uses of the source location: and
iii. Whether or not fill to be imported is native. undisturbed soil.
(d) Best management practices. All development or redevelopment shall implement best
management practices (BMPs) for water quality and quantity. as approved by the Director of Communi tv
Development Services. Such practices include biofiltration swales and use of oil-water separators. BMPs
appropriate to the particular use proposed, cluster development. and limited impervious surfaces.
22-1375.1 Use of pesticides. herbicides. and fertilizers in critical aquifer rechar2:e areas and
wellhead protection areas.
(1) Residential use. Application of household pesticides. herbicides. and fertilizers shall not exceed
times. rates, concentrations. and locations specified on the packaging.
(2) Other uses. Proposed developments with maintained landscaped areas greater than 10.000 square
feet in area shall prepare an Operations and Management Manual using Best Management Practices
(BMPs) and Inte~rated Pest Management (IMP) for fertilizer and pesticidelherbicide applications. The
BMPs shall include recommendations on the quantity. timing. and type of fertilizers applied to lawns and
gardens to protect groundwater quality.
1:\2004 Code Amendments\Wellhead Protection\Planning Commission\Environmentally Sensitive Areas.docl08l26/2004 3:19 PM
FWCC Environmentally Sensitive Areas Critical Areas
Page 20
EXHIBIT
C:t
FEDERAL WAY CITY CODE
CHAPTER 22. ARTICLE XIII
DIVISION 7. LAND MODIFICATIONS
22-1091 General provisions.
(a) General. The applicant shall comply with this section with respect to all land surface
modifications. The requirements of Chapter 22, Article XIV, Critical Areas, shall govern for fill occurring
in critical aquifer recharge areas and wellhead protection areas.
(b) Nature of fill materials. All materials used as fill must be nondissolving and nondecomposing. Fill
materials must not contain organic or inorganic material that would be detrimental to water quality or
existing habitat or create any other significant adverse impacts to the environment. (Ord. No. 90-43, §
2(115.75(1), (2)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-77, § 3(115.75(1), (2)), 12-11-90)
22-1092 Bonds.
The city may require the following bonds for any land surface modification approved by or under this
division:
( 1 ) A performance bond to guarantee that the land surface modification will conform to city
standards and requirements.
(2) A maintenance bond for the stability of the work and the preservation of vegetation. (Ord. No.
90-43, § 2( 115.75(5)),2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-77, § 3(115.75(5)), 12-11-90)
22-1093 Permitted outright.
A land surface modification is permitted only if it:
( I ) Has been approved as part of a valid development permit (except grading permits issued
under chapter 70 of the city's building code), subdivision, or substantial development permit;
(2) Is for cemetery graves;
(3) Is in a right-of-way and authorized in writing by the director of the department of public
works;
(4) Is for mining, quarrying, excavating, processing, stockpiling of rock, sand, gravel, aggregate
or clay where a permit has been issued by the state department of natural resources;
(5) Is for exploratory excavations under the direction ofa professional engineer licensed in the
state, provided that the extent of the land surface modification does not exceed the minimum necessary to
obtain the desired information;
(6) Is for normal maintenance and repair of the facilities of a common carrier by rail in interstate
commerce within its existing right-of-way;
(7) Is for excavations for utility service connections to serve existing and/or new structures and is
outside any area that is within the jurisdiction of FWCC 22-1221 et seq.;
(8) Is for actions which must be undertaken immediately, or within a time too short to allow for
compliance with the permit requirements of FWCC 22-1094, to avoid an imminent threat to public health
or safety; to prevent an imminent danger to public or private property; or to prevent an imminent threat of
serious environmental degradation. This determination will be made by the director of community
development;
(9) Is for the removal of overhanging vegetation and fire hazards or for removal of blackberry
vines or dead, dangerous or diseased trees when authorized by the building official;
(10) Is for placement of fill on land owned or controlled by the city;
(11) Is an integral part of an ongoing agricultural or horticultural use on the subject property;
(12) Is conducted on property which contains a detached dwelling unit and which, because of the
size of the property or the location of the dwelling unit, cannot be further subdivided or divided; or
(13) Complies with all of the following criteria:
a. The subject property contains a permanent building or an active use.
b. The land surface modification will not change the points where the stormwater or
groundwater enters or exits the subject property; and will not change the quality, quantity, or velocity of
storm water or groundwater.
c. The land surface modification is outside any area that is within the jurisdiction of FWCC
22-1221 et seq.
d. In anyone-year period, not more than 100 cubic yards of fill material is deposited on,
excavated and removed from or moved from place to place on the subject property. If the subject property
is larger than one acre, the limit is 100 cubic yards within each acre.
e. No trees defined as significant trees will be removed and no vegetation will be removed if
that vegetation was required to be retained by or through any development permit issued under this
chapter or any prior zoning code.
r. If the subject property is two acres or larger and has 20 percent or more of its area covered
with native vegetation, the land surface modification will not remove more than 20 percent of that native
vegetation. The limitations of this subsection apply to all land surface modification on the subject
property over time.
g. The land surface modification will not result in more than a two-foot increase or one-foot
decrease in the average elevation of the subject property, computed using the elevation of the midpoint of
each property line. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(115.75(3», 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-77, § 3(115.75(3), 12-11-90)
22-1094 Discretionary approval.
(a) Generally. A land surface modification that does not meet the requirements of FWCC 22-1093
may be approved through process III.
(b) Required information. In addition to the application material required in process III, FWCC 22-
386 et seq., the applicant must submit the following:
(1) A recent survey of the subject property.
(2) A map showing the limits of the proposed land surface modification; the location of utilities,
easements, right-of-way improvements and any area regulated under FWCC 22-1221 et seq. that is on or
within 400 feet of any area to be disturbed by the proposed land surface modification.
(3) A tree retention plan.
(4) An erosion control/construction phase stormwater control plan.
(5) A soils report which contains sufficient information to determine the potential impacts ofthe
proposed land surface modification, as well as proposed measures to reduce or eliminate these impacts,
all as determined by the city.
(c) Decisional criteria. The city may approve the proposed land surface modification if it complies
with the following criteria:
. (1) Except as allowed under this chapter, it will not alter or adversely affect streams, lakes,
wetlands or significant trees, either on or off the subject property.
(2) It will not violate any express policy of the city.
(3) It meets at least one of the following criteria:
a. It is necessary to correct an erosion or drainage problem on an undeveloped site.
b. It is necessary to create new utility or access corridors.
c. Other unusual circumstances exist which make it reasonable to permit land surface
modification in advance of the issuance of a development permit, subdivision or short subdivision
approval or shoreline substantial development permit. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(115.75(4», 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-
77, § 3(115.75(4», 12-11-90; Ord. No. 00-375, § 23, 10-3-00)
FWCC - Land Modifications
Page 2
22-1095 Tree and plant restoration. . -
If, during the land surface modification, any tree required to be retained or planted is damaged or
destroyed, the applicant shall plant a tree of the same species at least five inches in diameter, as measured six
inches about the top of the root ball if deciduous and at least 17 feet high if coniferous, in the immediate
vicinity of the damaged or destroyed tree. The city may require the applicant to remove the damaged or
destroyed tree. In addition, if the land surface modification destroys groundcover or shrubbery, the applicant
shall hydro seed the bare soil and plant shrubs at least 24 inches in height in the immediate vicinity of the
damaged or destroyed vegetation. (Ord. No. 90-43, § 2(115.75(5)), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 90-77, § 3(115.75(5»), 12-11-
90)
22-1096 - 22-1110 Reserved.
1:\2004 Code Arnendments\Wellhead Protection\Planning Commission\land modifications.doclO8I26/2004 3:19 PM
FWCC - Land Modifications
Page 3
EXHIBIT
FEDERAL WAY CITY CODE
CHAPTER 18
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Articles:
I
II
III
In General
Environmental Policy
Shoreline Management
Article I.
IN GENERAL
Sections:
18-1 - 18-25 Reserved.
18-1 -18-25 Reserved.
Article II.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
Sections:
Division 1. Generally
18-26 Purpose and authority.
18-27 Adoption by reference.
18-28 Additional definitions.
18-29 Forms - Adoption by reference.
18-30 - 18-45 Reserved.
Division 2. Administration
18-46 Designation of responsible official.
18-47 Lead agency determination and responsibilities.
18-48 Fees.
18-49 Public notice.
18-50 Notice - Statute of limitations.
18-51 Administrative appeals.
18-52 - 18-70 Reserved.
Division 3. Categorical Exemptions and Threshold Determinations
18-71
1872
~ 18-72
~ 18-73
18-74
Adoption of regulations.
Timing.
Categorical exemptions - Rules.
Categorical exemptions - Flexible thresholds.
Planned actions - Definition and criteria.
1l
-
18- 75 Ordinances or resolutions designation planned actions - Procedures for adoption.
18-76 Planned actions - Project review.
~ 18-77 Categorical exemptions - Determination.
+&-+6 18-78 Threshold determination - Early review at conceptual level.
-l--&--+:t 18-79 Threshold determination - Environmental checklist.
18-80 Threshold determination of nonsignificance.
+&-:7& 18-81 Threshold determination - Mitigated determination of nonsignificance.
18-82 Optional DNS process.
+&-19 18-83 - 18-95 Reserved.
Division 4. Environmental Impact Statement
18-96 Rules.
18-97 Preparation.
18-98 Other considerations.
18-99 Commenting.
18-100 - 18-115 Reserved.
Division 5. Environmental Policy Statement
18-116 Definitions - Adoption by reference.
18-117 Use of existing environmental documents.
18-118 Compliance with State Environmental Pol icy Act - Adoption by reference.
18-119 State Environmental Policy Act decisions - Adoption by reference.
18-120 State Environmental Policy Act decisions - Forwarding recommendations.
18-121 State Environmental Policy Act decisions - Substantive authority.
18-122 State Environmental Policy Act policies.
18-123 - 18-140 Reserved.
Division 6. Environmentally Sensitive Areas
18-141 Designation of areas.
18-142 Portfolio Critical areas maps and inventories.
18-143 Exemptions.
18-144 Treatment of proposals.
18-145 - 18-160 Reserved.
Division 1. Generally
18-26 Purpose and authority.
The city adopts this policy under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA), RCW 43.21C.120,
and the State Environmental Policy Act rules, Chapter 197-11 WAc. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.10),2-27-90)
18-27 Adoption by reference.
The city adopts by reference, as now existing or amended, the basic requirements of the Washington
Administrative Code applying to the State Environmental Policy Act process as follows:
(1) 197-11-040, Definitions.
(2) 197-11-050, Lead agency.
(3) 197-11-055, Timing of the State Environmental Policy Act process.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 2
';""."
(4) 197-11-060, Content of environmental review.
(5) 197-11-070, Limitations on action during State Environmental Policy Act process.
(6) 197-11-080, Incomplete or unavailable information.
(7) 197-11-090, Supporting documents.
(8) 197-11-100, Information required of applicants. (Ord. No. 9040, § 1(20.20),22790)
(9) 197-11-158. GMA proiect review - Reliance on existing plans. laws. and regulations.
(10) 197-11-164. Planned aGtions - Definition and criteria.
(11) 197-11-168. Ordinances or resolutions desi!?:nating planned actions - Procedures for
adoption,
(12) 197-11-172. Planned actions - Project review.
(13) 197-11-210. SEPAIGMA integration.
(14) 197-11-220. SEPAIGMA definitions.
(15) 197-11-228. Overall SEP AlGMA integration procedures.
(16) 197-11-230. Timing of an integrated GMAISEP A process.
(17) 197-11-232. SEP AlGMA integration procedures for preliminary planning, environmental
analysis. and expanded scoping.
(18) 197-11-235. Documents.
(19) 197-11-238. Monitoring. (Ord. No. 90-40. & 1(20.20), 2-27-90)
18-28 Additional definitions.
In addition to those definitions contained within WAC 197-11-700 through 197-11-799 as now
existing or amended, when used in this article the following terms shall have these meanings, unless the
content indicates otherwise:
Critical Agguifer recharge area shall mean areas in which water reaches the zone of saturation by
surface infiltration. These areas whieh-are hydrogeologically susceptible to contamination and
contamination loading potential including but not limited to such areas as sole water source aquifer
recharge areas, special protection groundwater management areas, well head protection areas, and other
areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water.
Department shall mean any division, subdivision or organizational unit of the city established by
ordinance, rule or order.
Early notice shall mean the city's response to an applicant stating whether it considers issuance of
a determination of significance likely for the applicant's proposal.
Fish and wildlife habitat conservation area shall mean the management of land for maintaining
species in suitable habitats within their natural geographic distribution so that isolated subpopulations are
not created. Habitat conservation areas include but are not limited to such areas as:
(1) Areas with which endangered, threatened, and sensitive species have a primary
association;
(2) Habitats and species oflocal importance;
(3) Commercial and recreational shellfish areas;
(4) Kelp and eelgrass beds; herring and smelt spawning areas;
(5) Naturally occurring ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide
fish or wildlife habitat;
(6) Waters ofthe state;
(7) Lakes, ponds and streams planted with game fish by a governmental or tribal entity;
(8) State natural area preserves and natural resource conservation areas; or
(9) Streams.
Frequently flooded area shall mean lands in the floodplain subject to a one percent or greater
chance of flooding in any given year including but not limited to such areas as streams, lakes, coastal
areas and wetlands.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 3
Geologically hazardous area shall mean areas, because of their susceptibility to erosion,
landsliding, seismic or other geological events, are not suited to siting commercial, residential or
industrial development consistent with public health or safety concerns. Geologically hazardous areas
include the following areas:
( I ) Erosion hazard areas are those areas having severe to very severe erosion hazard due to
natural agents such as wind, rain, splash, frost action or stream flow.
(2) Landslide hazard areas are those areas potentially subject to episodic downslope
movement of a mass of soil or rock including but not limited to the following areas:
a. Any area with a combination of:
I. Slopes greater than 15 percent;
2. Permeable sediment (predominately sand and gravel) overlying relatively
impermeable sediment or bedrock (typically silt and clay); and
3. Springs or groundwater seepage.
b. Any area which has shown movement during the Holocene epoch, from 10,000 years
ago to present, or which is underlain by mass wastage debris of that epoch.
c. Any area potentially unstable as a result of rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion
or undercutting by wave action.
d. Any area located in a ravine or on an active alluvial fan, presently or potentially
subject to inundation by debris flows or flooding. .
e. Those areas identified by the United States Department of Agriculture Soil
Conservation Service as having a severe limitation for building site development.
f. Those areas mapped as Class U (unstable), UOS (unstable old slides), and URS
(unstable recent slides) by the Department of Ecology.
g. Slopes having gradients greater than 80 percent subject to rockfall during seismic
shaking.
(3) Seismic hazard areas are those areas subject to severe risk of earthquake damage as a
result of seismically induced ground shaking, slope failure, settlement or soil liquefaction, or surface
faulting. These conditions occur in areas underlain by cohesion less soils of low density usually in
association with a shallow groundwater table.
(4) Steep slope hazard areas are those areas with a slope of 40 percent of greater and with a
vertical relief of 10 or more feet, a vertical rise often feet or more for every 25 feet of horizontal distance.
A slope is delineated by established its toe and top and measured by averaging the inclination over at least
10 feet of vertical relief.
Regulated lakes shall mean Wetlands #8-21-4-26,7-21-4-71. 11-21-3-9, 14-21-3-2,14-21-3-5,13-21-
3-12,9-21-4-38, 17-21-4-55,20-21-4-57, and 20-21-4-61 as shown in the June 19, 1999, City of Federal
Way Final Wetland Inventory Report, except vegetated areas meeting the definition of "regulated
wetland" located around the margins of regulated lakes shall be considered regulated wetlands.
State Environmental PolicyAct rules shall mean Chapter 197-11 WAC adopted by the
Department of Ecology.
Stream shall mean courses or routes, formed by nature, including those modified by man, and
generally consisting of a channel with a bed, banks or sides throughout substantially all their length, along
which surface waters naturally and normally flow in draining from higher to lower elevations. A stream
need not contain water year round. In a developing setting, streams may run in culverts or may be
channeled in a concrete, rock or other artificial conveyance system. This definition is not meant to include
irrigation ditches, stormwater facilities or other artificial watercourses unless they are used by resident or
anadromous salmonid fish, or the feature was constructed to convey natural streams which existed prior to
construction of the watercourse.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 4
WetlaRd shall mean those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground'sater at a
frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a
prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include
swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas, '.vith the exception of the follovt'Ìng areas shown in the King
County Wetlands Inventory Notebook, Volume 3 South:
(1) Lower ruget Sound Beach;
(2) Lovier ruget Sound 1 and 51; and
(3) Areas defined as a "regulated lake" pursuant to Chapter 22 FWCc.
Methodology in the January 1989 Federal Manual for Identifying and Delineating Jurisdictional
Wetlands, and subsequent United States Army Corps of Engineers regulatory guidance letters, will be
usedfor regïi1'åtory delineations of'Netlands viÌthin the city.
Wellhead capture zone shall mean an area in which groundwater is calculated to travel to a pumping
well. Capture zones are usually defined according to the time that it takes for water within a particular
zone to travel to a well. Calculated capture zones usually only approximate actual capture zones as a
result of assumptions required to conduct the calculation.
Wellhead protection area (WHP A) shall mean the surface and subsurface area surrounding a well or
wellfield that supplies a public water system through which contaminants are likely to pass and eventually
reach the water welles) as designated under the Federal Clean Water Act.
Wetlands means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency
and duration sufficient to support, and that under nonnal circumstances do support, a prevalence of
vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps,
marshes, bogs, and similar areas.
The March 1997 Washington State Wetlands Identification and Delineation Manual (Department of
Ecology publication #96-94) as set forth in WAC 173-22-080, as it exists as of November I, 1999, or as
subsequently amended, will be used for identification and delineation of wetlands within the city.
Although a site-specific wetland may not meet the criteria described above, it will be considered a
regulated wetland if it is functionally related to another wetland that meets the criteria.
Regulated wetlands means:
(1) Those wetlands, as described below, which fall into one or more of the following categories:
a. Category I wetlands meetone of the following criteria: .
1. Contain the presence of species or documented habitat recognized by state or federal
agencies as endangered, threatened or potentially extirpated plant, fish or animal species; or
2. Contain the presence of plant associations of infrequent occurrence, irreplaceable
ecological functions, or exceptional local significance including but not limited to estuarine
systems, peat bogs and fens, mature forested wetlands, groundwater exchange areas, significant
habitat or unique educational sites; or
3. Have three or more wetland classes, one of which is open water.
b. Category II wetlands are greater than 2500 square feet in area, do not exhibit the
characteristics of Category I wetlands, and meet one of the following criteria:
1. Are contiguous with water bodies or tributaries to water bodies which under nonnal
circumstances contain or support a fish population, including streams where flow is intennittent;
or
2. Are greater than one acre in size in its entirety; or
3. Are less than or equal to one acre in size in its entirety and have two or more wetland
classes, with neither class dominated by non-native invasive species.
c. Category III wetlands are greater than 2500 square feet in area and do not exhibit those
characteristics of Category I or II wetlands.
(2) See definition of "Regulated lakes."
Working day shall mean a day upon which the city is open for business. Other references to days
refer to calendar days. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.30),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 5(20.30), 8-20-91)
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 5
18-29 Forms - Adoption by reference.
The city adopts the foHowing forms and sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC by reference, as now
existing or amended:
(1) WAC 197-11-960, Environmental checklist.
(2) WAC 197-11-965, AdopJion notice.
(3) WAC 197-1 ì -970, Determination of nonsignificance (DNS).
(4) WAC 197-11-980, Determination of significance and scoping (DS).
(5) WAC 197-11-985, Notice of assumption of lead agency status.
(6) WAC 197-11-990, Notice of action. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.300),2-27-90)
18-30 - 18-45 Reserved.
Division 2. Administration
18-46 Designation of responsible official.
(a) For those proposals for which the city is a lead agency, the responsible official shall be the
director of the department of community development. The responsible official shall make the threshold
determination, supervise scoping and preparation of any required environmental impact statement, and
perform any other functions assigned to the lead agency or responsible official by the State
Environmental Policy Act rules.
(b) The responsible official shall be responsible for the city's compliance with Chapter 197-11 WAC
whenever the city is a consulted agency, and is authorized to develop operating procedures that will
ensure that responses to consultation requests are prepared in a timely fashion and include data from all
appropriate departments of the city. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.40.10,20.40.20),2-27-90)
18-47 Lead agency determination and responsibilities.
(a) The responsible official, upon receiving an application for a nonexempt action or initiation by a
city department of a nonexempt action, shall determine the lead agency for that proposal under WAC
197-1 1-050 and 197-11-922 through 197-11-940, unless the lead agency has been previously determined
or the responsible official is aware that another department or agency is in the process of determining the
lead agency.
(b) When the city is not the lead agency for a proposal, all departments of the city shall use and
consider as appropriate either the determination of nonsignificance or the final environmental impact
statement of the lead agency in making decisions on the proposal. No city department shall prepare or
require preparation of a determination of nonsignificance or environmental impact statement in addition
to that prepared by the lead agency unless the responsible official determines a supplemental
environmental review is necessary under WAC 197-11-600.
(c) If the city, or any of its departments, receives a lead agency determination made by another
agency that appears inconsistent with the criteria ofW AC 197-11-922 through 197-11-940, it may object
to the determination. Any objection must be made to the agency originally making the determination or
the city must petition the Department of Ecology for a lead agency determination under WAC 197-11-946
within the IS-day time period. Any such petition on behalf of the city shall be initiated by the responsible
official.
(d) The responsible official is authorized to make agreements as to lead agency status or shared lead
agency's duties for a proposal under WAC 197-11-942 and 197-11-944.
(e) The responsible official shall require sufficient information from the applicant to identify other
agencies with jurisdiction.
(f) Within 90 days of receipt of issuing a Letter of Completeness for the a completed application and
environmental checklist, the responsible official shaH make a threshold determination~ or notify the
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 6
applicant that a determination of significance is likely and indicate the areas of likely impact. The
applicant may request an additional 30 days for the issuance ofthethtèsh9ld determination by the
responsible official. or for the responsible official to evaluate mitigation measures proposed by the
applicant. The responsible official shall grant such extension, if requested. A final determination shall be
made within 90 days from the receipt ofthe applicant's response for additional information, unless the
applicant requests an additional 30 days as provided in this section.
(g) A "completed application" and environmental checklist is defined to be:
(1) Answers to all checklist items;
(2) All expanded environmental studies determined by the city to be required, whether provided
. by the city, another agency with jurisdiction and/or expertise, or by the applicant at the request of the city;
(3) Text description and documents for nonproject action;
(4) Master land use application;
(5) Self-addressed, stamped envelopes required pursuant to FWCC;
(6) All required filing fees.
(h) Within W 28 days of receipt of an application and an environmental checklist, the responsible
official shall either:
(1) Respond to the applicant in writing with a notification Letter of eÇompleteness or
Incompleteness; or
(2) Request in writing any additional information reasonably related to the responsible official's
determination whether or not the proposal is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts.
(i) In the event applicant submits less than the complete information requested by the responsible
official pursuant to subsection (h)(1) or (h)(2) of this section, the application shall not be considered
complete. The responsible official may periodically request in 'Nriting the additional required information.
0) Only at such time as applicant submits to the city either the complete additional information
requested pursuant to subsection (h) of this section, or a written response indicating the inability to
pro'.'ide it, the responsible official shall:
(1) Issue a threshold determination within 90 days from receipt of the applicant's response of
issuing a Letter of Completeness; or
(2) Notify the applicant that a determination of significance is likely and indicate the areas of
likely impact. A final determination shall be made "",¡thin 90 days from the receipt of the applicant's
response for additional information, unless the applicant requests an additional 30 days as pro'lÌded in
subsection (k) of this section. .
(Ie) The applicant may request an additional 30 days for the issuance of the threshold determination by
the responsible official, or for the responsible official to evaluate mitigation measures proposed by the
applicant. The responsible official shall grant such extension, if requested. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.50.10-
20.50.50),2-27-90; Ord. No. 93-192, § 1,11-9-93)
18-48 Fees.
(a) The city shall establish fees for its activities in accordance with the provisions of this chapter:
(1) Threshold determination. For every environmental checklist the city will review when it is
lead agency, the city shall collect a fee from the proponent of the proposal prior to undertaking the
threshold determination. The time periods provided by this chapter for making a threshold determination
shall not begin to run until payment of fees.
(2) Environmental impact statement.
a. When the city is the lead agency for a proposal requiring an environmental impact
statement and the responsible official determines that the environmental impact statement shall be
prepared by employees of the city, the city may charge and collect a reasonable fee from any applicant to
cover costs incurred, including overhead, by the city in preparing the environmental impact statement.
The responsible official shall advise the applicant of the projected costs for the environmental impact
statement prior to actual preparation.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 7
b. The responsible official may determine that the city will contract directly with a consultant
for preparation of an environmental impact statement, or a portion of the environmental impact statement,
for activities initiated by some persons or an entity other than the city and may bill such costs incurred
including overhead directly to the applicant. Such consultants shall be selected by the city.
c. The applicant shall pay the projected amount to the city prior to commencing work. The
city will refund the excess, if any, at the completion of the environmental impact statement. If the city's
costs exceed the projected costs, the applicant shall immediately pay the excess, and the city is not
obligated to proceed until the monies have been received. If a proposal is modified so that an
environmental impact statement is no longer required, the responsible official shall refund any fees
collected under subsection (a)(l) or (a)(2) of this section which remain after incurred costs, including
overhead are paid.
(3) Appeals. All appeals shall be accompanied by a nonrefundable appeal fee.
(b) The city may collect a reasonable fee from an applicant to cover the cost of meeting the public
notice requirements of this article relating to the applicant's proposal. The city may charge any person for
copies of any document prepared under this chapter, and for mailing the document in a manner provided
by state law. COrd. No. 90-40, § 1 (20.290.10 - 20.290.30), 2-27-90)
18-49 Public notice.
(a) The city shall give public notice for project-related actions as follows:
(1) Notices will be posted at the City Hall on each of the official public notification boards of the
~and public libtaryies, published in a newspaper of general circulation in the city, posted prominently
on the site and mai led to all owners of real property as shown in the records of the county assessor anè-all
occupants of real property located within 300 feet of the site and any interested party or agency who has
filed its name directly with the responsible official or as part of a public hearing or scoping process for the
following situations:
a. When the responsible official issues a determination of nonsignificance, optional
determination of nonsignificance. or mitigated detennination of nonsignificance;
b. When an appeal had been filed related to a threshold determination as provided in this
article;
c. A draft environmental impact statement is available for public review and comment.
(2) In addition to the requirements of subsection (a)(l) of this section, notices will be mailed to all
owners of real property as shown in the records of the county assessor and all occupants of real property
located within 600 feet of a proposed project-related action for the following situations:
a. When the city commences scoping;
b. Whenever the city holds a public hearing as required by WAC 197-11-535.
(b) Notice of public hearing shall be issued no later than ~ 14 days before a public hearing.
(c) Notice of a threshold determination or environmental impact statement hearing on nonproject
proposals shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the city, mailed to interested parties
or agencies who have registered with the city, and posted in the City Hall and library.
(d) The responsible official shall maintain a public list of all State Environmental Policy Act actions
known as the "city of Federal Way State Environmental Policy Act Register." The register shall be
available for public inspection during normal working hours. The register will be revised weekl)' as
needed and the responsible official will mail copies to any person who has made a request and paid in
advance a fee based on the cost of reproducing and mailing. The requirements of this subsection are not
mandated by state regulations but will be provided by the city as voluntary extra notice. Failure to provide
this notice shall not affect the validity of any action or proceeding related to the State Environmental
Policy Act.
(e) The responsible official shall maintain a public list of the names of parties or agencies who have
indicated interest in receiving public notices related to any State Environmental Policy Act procedures.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 8
.-
(t) The city may require an applicant to compensate the city for costs of compliance with the public
notice requirements for the applicant's proposal or to provide addressed lists and addressed, stamped
envelopes, unless that requirement is waived by the responsible official. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.180.10-
20.180.60),2-27-90)
18-50 Notice - Statute of limitations.
The city, applicant or proponent may publish a notice..of action as provided by RCW 43.21 c.O80 for
any final action taken under the provisions of this article. The form of the notice shall be substantially in
the form provided in WAC 197-11-990. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.250),2-27-90)
18-51 Administrative appeals.
(a) Any interested party may appeal to the hearing examiner a threshold determination, or the
adequacy of a final environmental impact statement and conditioning or denial of an action except as
provided in subsection (b) of this section. The appeal shall be conducted under the provisions of process
IV, FWCC 22-431 et seq.; provided, that the notice distribution requirements of FWCC 22-436(b)ill
shall be replaced with the notice distribution requirements of FWCC 18-49(a) - (t).
(b) Any governmental action not requiring a lcgis1atÍ'.'e decision that is conditioned or denied by a
nonelected city official shall be appealed directly to the city council as provided by RCW 13.21 C.060.
Appeal procedures shall be conducted under the provisions of WAC 197-11-680(3). Appeals are subject
to the restrictions in RCW 36.70B.050 and 36.70B.060 that local governments provide no more than one
open record hearing and one closed record appeal for permit decisions.
(c) All appeals filed under this section must be filed in writing with the city clerk within 14 calendar
days of the date of the decision appealed or the conclusion of the comment period or completion of the
giving of required notices, whichever is longer. All appeals shall contain a specific statement of reasons
why the decision of the responsible official is alleged to be in error.
(d) All relevant evidence shall be received during the appeal and the decision shall be made de novo.
The determination by the city's responsible official shall carry substantial weight in any appeal
proceeding.
(e) The decision of the hearing examiner on an appeal filed under this section shall be final.
(t) Appeals of the hearing examiner's final decision shall first be to the city council as provided in
process IV, FWCC 22-431 et seq.
(g) For any appeal under this section, the city shall provide for a record that shall consist of the
following:
(1) Findings and conclusions;
(2) Testimony under oath; and
(3) A taped or written transcript.
(h) Upon filing an appeal to the city council or ajudicial appeal, any certified copies or written
transcripts required for such shall be prepared by the city at the expense of the appellant, subject to
possible reimbursement of transcript preparation costs as provided in FWCC 22-446. (Ord. No. 90-40, §
1 (20.240.1 0 - 20.240.70), 2-27-90; Ord. No. 92-133, § 4, 4-21-92; Ord. No. 93-185, § 1, 8-17-93; Ord. No. 97-291,
§ 3,4-1-97)
18-52 - 18-70 Reserved.
Division 3. Categorical Exemptions and Threshold Determinations
18-71 Adoption of regulations.
The city adopts the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC as now existing or amended, by
reference:
(1) 197-11-300, Purpose of this part.
(2) 197-11-305, Categorical exemptions.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 9
(3) 197-11-310, Threshold determination required.
(4) 197-11-315, Environmental checklist.
(5) 197-11-330, Threshold determination process.
(6) 197-11-335, Additional information.
(7) 197-11-340, Determination of non significance (DNS).
(8) 197-11-350, Mitigation determination of nonsignificance.
(9) 197-11-360, Determination of significance (DS/initiation ofscoping).
(10) 197-11-390, Effect of threshold determination. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.60),2-27-90)
18 72 Timing.
(a) Time estimates. The time estimates contained in this section apply when the city processes
licenses, as defined by \VAC 197 11 760, permits or appro','als for private projects, and any governmental
proposals submitted to the responsible official by other agencies or departments. The actual time may
vary '.'lith the complexity of the project, cooperation of consulting agencies, availability of staff, etc., and
time estimates shall not be construed to be mandatòi)~
(b) Categorical exemptions. The city will normally identify whether an action is categorically eKempt
váthin five 't'lorking days of the date an applicant's complete application and checklist are submitted.
(c) Threshold determinations. The city "",ill normally complete threshold determinations within the
designated number of days after receipt of a complete application and checklist as follm"'s:
(1) '}.Then the threshold determination is based solely on rev ie'll of the environmental checklist: 15
'Norking days.
(2) When further information is requested from applicant or consulting agency:
a. Information ',viII be requested váthin 15 'Norking days.
b. Thc city will normally ',....ait no longer than 30 '.vorking days for a consulted agency to
respond.
c. The responsible official will normally complete the threshold determination ,.....ithin 15
'Norking days of receiving the requested information.
(d) Initiatioa offurther studies or field investigations. f.dditional studies '¡"ill normally be completed
'.vithin 30 working days.
(e) Applicant recommends in writing that environmental impact statement be prepared. Threshold
determination vlÌll normally be completed within 15 vt'Orking days.
(0 Response to request for early notice. The response ',vill normally be completed within 10 working
days of receipt of request, and the threshold determiaation within 15 ',vorking days of receipt of the
clarified proposal, environmental checklist and/or permit application. (Ord. No. 90 40, § 1(20.70.10
20.70.60),2 27 90)
t8-+3 18-72 Categorical exemptions - Rules.
The city adopts by reference the following rules for categorical exemptions in Chapter 197-11 WAC,
as now existing or amended:
(1) 197-11-800, Categorical exemptions.
(2) 197-11-880, Emergencies.
(3) 197-11-890, Petitioning State Department of Ecology to change exemptions. (Ord. No. 90-40, §
1(20.80),2-27-90)
t8-+4 18-73 Categorical exemptions - Flexible thresholds.
(a) The city establishes the following exempt levels for minor new construction defined in WAC 197-
11-800(1 )(b) based on local conditions:
(1) For residential structures up to four dwelling units.
(2) For agricultural structures covering up to 10,000 square feet.
(3) For office, commercial, recreational, service or storage buildings up to 4,000 square feet gross
floor area, and up to 20 parking spaces.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 10
(4) For parking lots up to 20 parking spaces.
(5) For landfills and excavations up to 500 cubic yards.
(b) Whenever the city establishes new exempt levels under this section, it shall send them to the State
Department of Ecology as required by WAC 197-11-800(1)(c). (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.90.10,20.90.20),2-
27-90)
18-74. Planned actions - Definition and criteria.
(1) A planned action means one or more types of project action that:
(a) Are designated planned actions by an ordinance or resolution adopted by the city;
(b) Have had the significant environmental impacts adequatelv addressed in an EIS prepared in
conjunction with:
(i) A comprehensive plan or subarea plan adopted under chapter 36.70A RCW; or
(m A fully contained community. a master planned resort. a master planned development. or
a phased project
(c) Are subsequent or implementing projects for the proposals listed in (b) of this subsection;
(d) Are located within an urban growth area, as defined in RCW 36.70A.030. or are located
within a master planned resort;
(e) Are not essential public facilities. as defined in RCW 36.70A.200; and
(f) Are consistent with a comprehensive plan adopted under chapter 36.70A RCW.
(2) The city shall limit planned actions to certain types of development or to specific geographical
areas that are less extensive than its jurisdictional boundaries.
(3) The city may limit a planned action to a time period identified in the EIS or the designating
ordinance or resolution adopted under FWCC 18-76
18-75. Ordinances or resolutions desi2:natin2: planned actions - Procedures for adoption.
(1 ) The city must designate a planned action by ordinance or resolution. Public notice and opportunity
for public comment shall be provided as part of the agency's process for adopting the ordinance or
resolution.
(2) The ordinance or resolution:
( a) Shall describe the tvpe( s) of project action being designated as a planned action;
(b) Shall describe how the planned action meets the criteria in FWCC 18-74 (including specific
reference to the EIS that addresses anv significant environmental impacts ofthe planned action);
(c) Shall include a finding that the environmental impacts of the planned action have been
identified and adequately addressed in the EIS. subject to project review under FWCC 18-76; and
(d) Should identify any specific mitigation measures other than applicable development
regulations that must be applied to a project for it to qualify as the planned action.
(3) If the city has not limited the planned action to a specific time period identified in the EIS. it may
do so in the ordinance or resolution designating the planned action.
(4) The city is encouraged to provide a periodic review and update procedure for the planned action to
monitor implementation and consider changes as warranted.
18-76. Planned actions - Project review.
(1) Review of a project proposed as a planned action is intended to be simpler and more focused than
for other projects. A project proposed as a planned action must qualify as the planned action designated in
the planned action ordinance or resolution. and must meet the statutory criteria for a planned action in
RCW 43.21 C.O31. Planned action project review shall include:
(a) Verification that the project meets the description in. and will implement any applicable
conditions or mitigation measures identified in. the designating ordinance or resolution; and
(b) Verification that the probable significant adverse environmental impacts of the project have
been adequately addressed in the EIS prepared under FWCC 18-74(1 )(b) through review of an
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 11
environmental checklist or other project review form as specified in WAC 197-11-315, filed with the
project application.
(2)(a) If the project meets the requirements of subsection (I) of this section, the project shall qualify
as the planned action designated by the city, and a project threshold determination or EIS is not required.
Nothing in this section limits the city from using this chapter or other applicable law to place conditions
on the project in order to mitigate nonsignificant impacts through the normal local project review and
permitting process.
(b) If the project does not meet the requirements of subsection (1) of this section, the project is
not a planned action and a threshold determination is required. In conducting the additional environmental
review under this chapter, the lead agency may use information in existing environmental documents,
including the EIS used to designate the planned action (refer to WAC 197-11-330 (2)(a) and 197-11-600
through 197-11-635). If an EIS or SEIS is prepared on the proposed project, its scope is limited to those
probable significant adverse environmental impacts that were not adequately addressed in the EIS used to
designate the planned action.
(3) Public notice for projects that qualify as planned actions shall be tied to the underlying permit. If
notice is otherwise required for the underlying permit, the notice shall state that the project has qualified
as a planned action. If notice is not otherwise required for the underlying permit, no special notice is
required. However, the city is encouraged to provide some form of public notice as deemed appropriate.
-l8-+§ 18- 77 Categorical exemptions - Determination.
(a) When the city receives an application for a license or a city department initiates a proposal, the
responsible official shall determine whether the license or proposal is exempt. The determination of
exemption shall be final and not subject to administrative review. The procedural requirements of this
article shall not apply to proposals or licenses which are determined to be exempt, nor shall an
environmental checklist be required to be completed.
(b) In determining whether a proposal is exempt the responsible official shall make certain the
proposal is properly defined and shall identify the governmental license required. Ifthe proposal includes
exempt and nonexempt actions, the responsible official shall determine the lead agency for the nonexempt
action.
(c) If a proposal includes both exempt and nonexempt actions, the city may authorize exempt actions
prior to completion of the procedural requirements of this article, except that:
(1) The city shall not give authorization for any action that is nonexempt, any action that would
have an adverse environmental effect, or any action that would limit the choice of reasonable alternatives;
(2) The city may withhold approval of an exempt action that would lead to modifications of the
physical environment serving no purpose if the nonexempt actions were not approved;
(3) The city may withhold approval of exempt actions that would lead to substantial financial
expenditures by a private applicant when the expenditures would serve no purpose ifthe nonexempt
actions were not approved. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.100.10 - 20.100.30), 2-27-90)
~ 18-78 Threshold determination - Early review at conceptual level.
(a) When the city's only action on a proposal is a decision on a building permit or other permit that
requires detailed project plans and specifications, the applicant may request in writing that the city
conduct an environmental review prior to submission of the plans and specifications. In addition to the
required environmental documents, the applicant shall submit any additional information as determined
by the responsible official.
(b) An applicant may request in writing early notice of whether a determination of significance (DS)
is likely under the following conditions:
(1) The request shall precede the city's actual threshold determination for the proposal;
(2) The proposal is sufficiently definite to allow meaningful environmental analysis;
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 12
..
(3) Adequate information is available on the proposed action and potential environmental impacts
to make a threshold determination;
(4) The responsible official may require that additional information be submitted prior to
responding to the request for early notice.
(c) The responsible official's response to the request for early notice may:
(1) State whether the city currently considers issuance of a determination of significance likely
and, if so, indicate the general or specific areas of concern that are leading the city to consider a
determination of significance and whether any additional information is needed. The responsible official
may also indicate that with the approval of the applicant, a determination of significance would be issued
and scoping initiated.
(2) State that the applicant may change or clarify the proposal to mitigate the indicated impacts,
and may revise the environmental checklist and/or proposal as necessary to reflect the changes or
clarifications.
(d) The city's written response to a request for early notice shall not be construed as a determination
of'significance or nonsignificance. Preliminary discussion of clarifications of or changes to a proposal
shall not bind the city to consider the clarification or changes in its threshold determination. (Ord. No. 90-
40, § 1 (20.110.10 - 20.110.40), 2-27-90)
~ 18-79 Threshold determination - Environmental checklist.
(a) A completed environmental checklist shall be filed at the same time as an application for a permit,
license, certificate or other approval not exempted by this chapter unless the city and applicant agree that
an environmental impact statement is required, or State Environmental Policy Act compliance has been
completed or initiated by another agency. The checklist shall be in the form of WAC 197-11-960 with
such additions that may be required by the responsible official in accordance with WAC 197-11-906(4).
(b) For private proposals, the applicant normally shall be required to complete the environmental
checklist, although the city may decide to complete all or part of the checklist if the following occurs:
(1) The city has technical information that is unavailable to the private applicant;
(2) The applicant has provided inaccurate information on previous or current proposals. (Ord. No.
90-40, § 1(20.120.10,20.120.20),2-27-90)
18-80 Threshold determination of nonsÏ1?:nificance.
(1) ¡fthe responsible official determines there will be no probable significant adverse environmental
impacts from a proposal. the lead agency shall prepare and issue a determination of nonsignificance
(DNS) substantially in the form provided in WAC 197-11-970. If an agency adopts another
environmental document in support of a threshold determination, the notice of adoption (WAC 197-11-
965) and the DNS shall be combined or attached to each other.
(2) When a DNS is issued for any of the proposals listed in (2)(a), the requirements in this subsection
shall be met. The requirements of this subsection do not aþply to a DNS issued when the optional DNS
process in FWCC 18-82 is used.
(a) An agency shall not act upon a proposal for fourteen days after the date of issuance of a DNS
if the proposal involves:
0) Another agency with jurisdiction;
(ii) Demolition orany structure or facility not exempted bv WAC 197-11-800 (2)(f) or 197-
11-880;
(iii) Issuance of clearing or grading permits not exempted in Part Nine of these rules;
(iv) A DNS under WAC 197-11-350 (2), (3) or 197-11-360(4); or
(v) A GMA action.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 13
(b) The responsible official shall send the DNS and environmental checklist to agencies with
jurisdiction. the department of ecology. and affected tribes. and each local agency or political subdivision
whose public services would be changed as a result of implementation of the proposal. and shall give
notice under FWCC 18-49.
(c) Any person, affected tribe. or agency may submit comments to the lead agency within
fourteen days of the date of issuance of the DNS.
(d) The date of issue for the DNS is the date the DNS is sent to the department of ecology and
agencies with iurisdiction and is made publicly available.
(e) An agency with jurisdiction may assume lead agency status only within this fourteen-day
period (WAC 197 -11-948).
(D The responsible official shall reconsider the DNS based on timely comments and may retain or
modify the DNS or, if the responsible official determines that significant adverse impacts are likely.
withdraw the DNS or supporting documents. When a DNS is modified. the lead agency shall send the
modified DNS to agencies with jurisdiction.
(3)(a) The lead agency shall withdraw a DNS if:
(i) There are substantial changes to a proposal so that the proposal is likely to have significant
adverse environmental impacts:
(ii) There is significant new information indicating. or on. a proposal's probable significant
adverse environmental impacts: or
(iii) The DNS was procured by misrepresentation or lack of material disclosure: if such DNS
resulted from the actions of an applicant. any subsequent environmental checklist on the proposal shall be
prepared directly by the lead agency or its consultant at the expense of the applicant. .
(b) Subsection (3)(a)(ii) shall not apply when a nonexempt license has been issued on a private
project.
(c) If the lead agency withdraws a DNS. the agency shall make a new threshold determination
and notify other agencies with jurisdiction of the withdrawal and new threshold determination. If a DS is
issued. each agency with jurisdiction shall commence action to suspend. modify. or revoke any approvals
until the necessary environmental review has occurred (see also WAC 197-11-070).
t8-+8 18-81 Threshold determination - Mitigated determination of nonsignificance.
(a) The responsible official may issue a determination of non significance based on mitigating
conditions attached to the proposal by the responsible official or on changes or clarifications proposed by
the applicant. When an applicant submits a changed or clarified proposal with a revised checklist, the city
shall base its threshold determination on the changed or clarified proposal as follows:
(1) If the city indicated specific mitigation measures in response to the request for early notice,
and the applicant included those measures, the city shall issue a determination of nonsignificance if no
additional information or mitigation is required.
(2) If the city indicated areas of concern, but did not indicate specific mitigation measures, the
city shall issue a determination of nonsignificance or determination of significance as appropriate.
(3) The applicant's proposed clarification, changes, mitigations or other conditions must be
specific and presented in writing.
(b) Mitigation measures justifying issuance of a mitigated determination of nonsignificance may be
incorporated in the determination of nonsignificance by reference to agency staff reports, studies or other
documents.
(c) Mitigation measures incorporated in the mitigated determination of nonsignificance shall be
conditions of approval of the permit and may be enforced in the same manner as any conditions of the
permit, or any other manner as prescribed by the city. Failure to comply with the designated mitigation
measures shall be grounds for suspension and/or revocation of any license issued.
(d) The city shall not act upon a proposal for which a mitigated determination of non significance has
been issued until the appeal period has expired.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 14
"..,..,.
(e) If the city's tentative decision on a permit or approval does not include mitigation measures that
were incorporated in a mitigated determination of nonsignificance for the proposal, the city should
evaluate the threshold determination to assure consistency with WAC 197-11-340(3)(a) relating to the
withdrawal of a determination of nonsignificance. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.130.10 - 20.130.50),2-27-90)
18-82 Optional DNS process.
(1) ¡fthe city has a reasonable basis for determining significant adverse environmental impacts are
unlikely, it may use a single integrated comment period to obtain comments on the notice of application
and the likely threshold determination for the proposal. If this process is used, a second comment period
will typically not be required when the DNS is issued (refer to subsection (4) of this section).
(2) ¡fthe lead agency uses the optional process specified in subsection (1) of this section, the lead
agency shall: "
(a) State on the first page of the notice of application that it expects to issue a DNS for the
proposal. and that:
(i) The optional DNS process is being used;
(ii) This may be the only opportunity to comment on the environmental impacts of the
. proposal;
(iii) The proposal may include mitigation measures under applicable codes, and the project
review process may incorporate or require mitigation measures regardless of whether an EIS is prepared;
and
(iv) A copy of the subsequent threshold determination for the specific proposal may be
obtained upon request (in addition, the lead agency may choose to maintain a general mailing list for
threshold determination distribution).
(b) List in the notice of application the conditions being considered to mitigate environmental
impacts, if a mitigated DNS is expected;
(c) Comply with the requirements for a notice of application and public notice in FWCC 18-49;
and
(d) Send the notice of application and environmental checklist to:
(i) Agencies with jurisdiction, the department of ecology, affected tribes, and each local
agency or political subdivision whose public services would be changed as a result of implementation of
the proposal; and
(ii) Anyone requesting a copy ofthe environmental checklist for the specific proposal (in
addition, the lead agency may choose to maintain a general mailing list for checklist distribution).
0) ¡fthe lead agency indicates on the notice of application that a DNS is likely, an agency with
jurisdiction may assume lead agency status during the comment period on the notice of application (WAC
197-11-948).
(4) The responsible official shall consider timely comments on the notice of application and either:
. (a) Issue a DNS or mitigated DNS with no comment period using the procedures in subsection (5)
of this section;
(b) Issue a DNS or mitigated DNS with a comment period using the procedures in subsection (5)
of this section, if the lead agency determines a comment period is necessary;
(c) Issue a DS; or
(d) Require additional information or studies prior to making a threshold determination.
(5) Ifa DNS or mitigatedDNS is issued under subsection (4)(a) of this section, the lead agency shall
send a copy ofthe DNS or mitigated DNS to the department of ecology, agencies with jurisdiction, those
who commented, and anyone requesting a coPy. A coPy of the environmental checklist need not be
recirculated.
t8-+9 18-83 - 18-95 Reserved.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 15
Division 4. Environmental Impact Statement
18-96 Rules.
The city adopts by reference the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC, as now existing or
amended:
(1) 197-11-400, Purpose of environmental impact statement.
(2) 197-11-402, General requirements.
(3) 197-11-405, Environmental impact statement types.
(4) 197-11-406, Environmental impact statement timing.
(5) 197-11-408, Scoping.
(6) 197-11-410, Expanded scoping.
(7) 197-11-420, Environmental impact statement preparation.
(8) 197-11-425, Style and size.
(9) 197-11-430, Format.
(10) 197-11-435, Cover letter or memo.
(11) 197-11-440, Environmental impact statement contents.
(12) 197-11-442, Contents of environmental impact statement on nonproject proposals.
(13) 197-11-443, Environmental impact statement contents when prior nonproiect environmental
impact statement.
(14) 197-11-444, Elements of the environment.
(15) 197-11-448, Relationship of environmental impact statement to other considerations.
(16) 197-11-450, Cost-benefit analysis.
(17) 197-11-455, Issuance of determination of environmental impact statement.
(18) 197-11-460, Issuance of final environmental impact statement. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1 (20.140),2-
27-90)
18-97 Preparation.
(a) Preparation of environmental impact statements, supplemental environmental impact statements,
and other environmental documentation shall be under the direction of the responsible official. The
documents may be prepared by the city staff, or by a consultant approved and directed by the city, but
will be paid for by the applicant. A consultant preparing or subconsultant participating in the preparation
of an environmental impact statement may not subsequently work for the proponent of the proposed
project. The responsible official shall notify the applicant of the city's proce<iure for environmental
impact statement preparation, including review, approval and distribution of the draft and final
environmental impact statement.
(b) The city may require an applicant to provide information the city does not possess, including
specific investigations relating to elements of the environment. The applicant is not required to supply
information not required under this chapter, or that is requested from another agency, provided this does
not apply to information requested under another statute or ordinance.
(c) Before the city issues a preliminary or final environmental impact statement, the responsible
official shall be satisfied that it complies with this chapter and Chapter 197-11 WAc. (Ord. No. 90-40, §
1(20.150.10 - 20.150.30),2-27-90)
18-98 Other considerations.
As defined in WAC 197-11-448, the following information may be part of the existing environment
for purposes of content, but will not be considered as elements ofthe environment requiring discussion in
the environmental impact statement or as criteria for threshold determinations:
(1) Finance and economics.
(2) Social policy.
(3) Cost-benefit analysis.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 16
..
(4) Nonconstruction aspects of education and communications. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.160),2-27-
90)
18-99 Commenting.
The city adopts the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC as now existing or amended by
reference:
(1) 197-11-500, Purpose of this part.
(2) 197-11-502, Inviting comment.
(3) 197-11-504, Availabili.ty and cost of environmental documents.
(4) 197-11-508, State Environmental Policy Act register.
(5) 197-11-535, Public hearings and meetings.
(6) 197-11-545, Effect of no comment.
(7) 197-11-550, Specificity of comments.
(8) 197-11-560, Final environmental impact statement response to comments.
(9) 197-11-570, Consulted agency costs to assist lead agency. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.170),2-27-90)
18-100 - 18-115 Reserved.
Division 5. Environmental Policy Statement
18-116 Definitions - Adoption by reference.
The city adopts by reference the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC as now existing or
amended, and as supplemented in this chapter:
(1) 197-11-700, Definitions.
(2) 197-11-702, Act.
(3) 197-11-704, Action.
(4) 197-11-706, Addendum.
(5) 197~11-708, Adoption.
(6) 197-11-710, Affected tribe.
(7) 197-11-712, Affecting.
(8) 197-11-714, Agency.
(9) 197-11-716, Applicant.
(10) 197-11-718, Built environment.
(11) 197-11-720, Categorical exemption.
(12) 197-11-721. Closed record appeal.
~ 11197-11-722, Consolidated appeal.
~ 14 197-11-724, Consulted agency.
(15) 197-11-726. Cost-benefit analysis.
(-l41 QØ 197-11-728, County/city. .
tl-B ill) 197-11-730, Decision maker.
(16) (lID 197-11-732, Department.
(++j [l2l197 -11- 734, Detennination of nonsignificance.
f-l-&j 00197-11-736, Detennination of significance.
(+91 íl1l197-11-738, Environmental impact statement.
~ ~ 197 -11- 7 40, Environment. .
~ (2Jl197-11-742, Environmental checklist.
~ (ML197-11-744, Environmental document.
~ t2.a197-11-746, Environmental review.
(24) 197 11 748, EaviroRmentally seRsitive areas.
~ ßQl.197-11-750, Expanded scoping.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 17
~ @197-11-752, Impacts.
~ @ 197-11-754, Incorporation by reference.
~ í12l.197-11-756, Lands covered by water.
~ QQl197-11-758, Lead agency.
~ (l1l197-11-760, License.
~ QlL197-11-762, Local agency.
~ Qll197-11-764, Major action.
~ Q..1L197-11-766, Mitigated determination of non significance.
ß4j Qa197-11-768, Mitigation.
~ Q§l197-11-770, Natural environment.
~ Q..1l197-11-772, National Environmental Protection Agency.
~ ~197-11-774, Nonproject.
(39) 197-11-775, Open record hearing.
~ ßQL197-11-776, Phased review.
fJ-9j (4ll197-11- 778, Preparation.
t4(}j G2l197-11-780, Private project.
f4B (1Jl197-11-782, Probable.
~ ß1Li97-11-784, Proposal.
E4:B (121197-11-786, Reasonable alternative.
f441 í1Ø.197-11-788, Responsible official.
f4:B (ffi197-11-790, State Environmental Policy Act.
f%1 ß.ID...197-11-792, Scope.
E4-7i (121197-11-793, Scoping.
E4&j Œ.Ql197-11-794, Significant.
f49j (lli197-11-796, State agency.
f:W1 (22l197-11-797, Threshold determination.
M (2Jl197-11-799, Underlying governmental action. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.260),2-27-90)
18-117 Use of existing environmental documents.
The city adopts the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC as now existing or amended by
reference:
(1) 197-11-600, When to use existing environmental documents.
(2) 197-11-610, Use ofNEPA documents.
(3) 197-11-620, Supplemental environmental impact statements - Procedures.
(4) 197-11-625, Addenda - Procedures.
(5) 197-11-630, Adoption-Procedures.
(6) 197-11-635, Incorporation by reference -Procedures.
(7) 197-11-640, Combining documents. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.190),2-27-90)
18-118 Compliance with State Environmental Policy Act - Adoption by reference.
The city adopts by reference the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC as now existing or
amended, and as supplemented in this chapter:
(1) 197-11-900, Purpose of this part.
(2) 197-11-902, Agency State Environmental Policy Act policies.
(3) 197-11-916, Application to ongoing actions.
(4) 197-11-920, Agencies with environmental expertise.
(5) 197-11-922, Lead agency rules.
(6) 197-11-924, Determining the lead agency.
(7) 197-11-926, Lead agency for governmental proposals.
(8) 197-11-928, Lead agency for public and private proposals.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 18
(9) 197-11-930, Lead agency for private projects with one agency with jurisdiction.
(10) 197-11-932, Lead agency for private projects requiring licenses from more than one agency,
when one of the agencies is a county/city.
(11) 197-11-934, Lead agency for private projects requiring licenses from a local agency, not a
county/city, and one or more state agencies.
(12) 197-11-936, Lead agency for private projects requiring licenses from more than one state
agency.
( 13) 197-11-938, Lead agencies for specific proposals.
(14) 197-11-940, Transfer of lead agency status to a state agency.
( I 5) 197-11-942, Agreements on lead agency status.
(16) 197-11-944, Agreements on division of lead agency duties.
(17) 197-11-946, Department of Ecology resolution of lead agency disputes.
(18) 197-11-948, Assumption oflead agency status. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1 (20.270),2-27-90)
18-119 State Environmental Policy Act decisions - Adoption by reference.
The city adopts by reference the following sections of Chapter 197-11 WAC as now existing or
amended:
( I) 197-11-650, Purpose of this part.
(2) 197-11-655, Implementation.
(3) 197-11-660, Substantive authority and mitigation.
(4) 197-11-680, Appeals. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.200),2-27-90)
18-120 State Environmental Policy Act decisions - Forwarding recommendations.
For nonexempt proposals, any determination of nonsignificance or mitigated determination of
nonsignificance or completed draft and final environmental impact statement for the proposal shall
accompany the city staffs recommendation to any appropriate advisory body such as the planning
commission, or to the hearing examiner or city council. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.210),2-27-90)
18-121 State Environmental Policy Act decisions - Substantive authority.
(a) The city may attach conditions to a permit or approval for a proposal so long as:
(I) Such conditions are necessary to mitigate specific adverse environmental impacts clearly
identified in an environmental document prepared under this chapter;
(2) Such conditions are in writing;
(3) Such conditions are reasonable and capable of being accomplished;
(4) The city has considered whether other local, state or federal mitigation measures applied to
the proposal are sufficient to mitigate the identified impacts; and
(5) Such conditions are based on one or more policies in FWCC 18-122 and are cited in the
permit, approval, license or other decision document.
(b) The city may deny a permit or approval for a proposal on the basis of State Environmental Policy
Act so long as:
(1) A finding is made that approving the proposal would result in probable significant adverse
environmental impacts that are identified in a final environmental impact statement or final supplemental
environmental impact statement;
(2) A finding is made that reasonable mitigation measures are insufficient to mitigate an
identified impact; and
(3) The denial is based on one or more policies identified in FWCC 18-122 and identified in
writing in the decision document. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.220.10,20.220.20),2-27-90)
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 19
18-122 State Environmental Policy Act policies.
(a) The policies and goals set forth in this article are supplementary to those in the existing
authorization of the city.
(b) The city designates and adopts by reference the policies in this section as the basis for the city's
exercise of authority under this article. The city shall use all practicable means, consistent with other
essential considerations of state policy, to improve and coordinate plans, functions, programs, and
resources to the end that the state and its citizens may:
(1) Fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding
generations;
(2) Assure for all people of Washington safe, healthful, productive, and aesthetically and
culturally pleasing surroundings;
(3) Attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to
health or safety or other undesirable and unintended consequences;
(4) Preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritage;
(5) Maintain, wherever possible, an environment which supports diversity and variety of
individual choice;
(6) Achieve a balance between population and resource use which will permit high standards of
living and a wide sharing of life's amenities; and
(7) Enhance the quality of renewable resources and approach the maximum attainable recycling
of depletable resources.
(c) The city recognizes that each person has a fundamental and inalienable right to a healthful
environment and that each person has a responsibility to contribute to the preservation and enhancement
of the environment.
(d) The city adopts by reference the following city codes, ordinances, resolutions, plans and policies
as now exist or as may hereinafter be amended or superseded:
(1) The Federal Way Comprehensive Plan;
(2) The Federal Way City Code and documents adopted by reference therein, including without
limitation the following chapters:
a. Zoning (Chapter 22 FWCC) and the official zoning map;
b. Subdivisions (Chapter 20 FWCC);
c. Surface and Stormwater Management (Chapter 21 FWCC);
d. Shoreline Regulation and the Shoreline Management Master Program (Chapter 18 FWCC);
and
e. Methods to Mitigate Development Impacts (Chapter 19 FWCC); and
f. Solid Waste (Chapter 12 FWCC)
(3) The Shoreline Management Guide Book (DOE);
(4) The Washington State Flood Reduction Plan (1993 DCD);
(5) Ordinances relating to Surface Water Runoff; Ordinance No. 90 31 and Surface Water
Management, Ordinance No. 90 32;
(6) The 1999/2000 Lakehaven Utility District Comprehensive Sewer System Plan Update;
(7) The +999 Lakehaven Utility District Comprehensive Water System Plan Update;
(8) The Federal Way Comprehensive Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Cultural Services Plan
Plan;
(9) The King County Fire Protection District Number 39 Federal Way Fire Department Long
Range Plan;
(10) The Federal Way School District Number 210 Capital Facilities Plan;
(11) The Code of the King County Board of Health;
(12) The Federal Way Solid Waste Management Plan;
(13) The Federal Way Recycle Plan;
(11) The Federal Way Transportation Impro'lemcnt Plan;
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 20
(15) The Federal 'Nay Hazardous Waste Management Plan;
fMj Q1} The Executive Proposed Basin Plan Hylebos Creek and Lower Puget Sound, King
County Surface Water Management, July 1991;
(17) The Federal Way Private Utility Element;
fl-&j Ul} The King County County-Wide Planning Policies, to the extent currently adopted by the
Federal Way city council, and as may be adopted hereafter;
(+9) ill} The ~ 2001 King County Final Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan,--as-it
now exists or may hereafter be amended;
~ @ The Federal Way Comprehensive Surface Water Management Plan;
(21) The Guide to Conducting 'Hetland In','entories (DOE);
~ QQ} Washington State Shoreline Management Act of 1971;
(23) The Standard Specification for Construction of Trails (Forest Service 1981);
~ Q1} The Puget Sound Water Quality Management Plan;
~ @ The King County Division of Parks and Recreation Play Area Design and Inspection
Handbook;
~ Q2} The Sea- Tac International Airport Impact Mitigation Study, February 1997, prepared by
Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum, Inc., and Raytheon Infrastructure Services, Inc., under a grant from the
state of Washington;
~ (20) The Washington State Department of Transportation Pavement Guide, February 1995;
~ ílD The Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 209, Transportation Research Board,
1997;
~ @ The Institute of Transportation Engineers, Trip Generation, 5th Edition, 1991;
fW1 @ The -l-99& King County Surface Water Design Manual; (KCSWDM) and the Federal
. Way Addendum to the KCSWDM;
fJB (24) The Stormwater Management Manual for the Puget Sound Basin, Washington State
Department of Ecology, February 1992 August 2001;
~ @ The King County Storm water Pollution Control Manual and Best Management
Practices (BMP manual); aad
(26) The January 2002 URS Federal Way Stream Inventory; and
~ Planning documents not specifically listed above but referenced in the environmental
analysis of the city's comprehensive plan. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.230.10,20.230.20),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-
109, § 2,9-17-91; Ord. No. 91-114, § 3, 12-3-91; Ord. No. 92-130, § 3, 3-17-92; Ord. No. 92-136, § 3,4-21-92;
Ord. No. 92-137, § 1,5-5-92; Ord. No. 92-140, § 3,6-2-92; Ord. No. 93-184, § 1,8-17-93; Ord. No. 93-202, § I,
12-21-93; Ord. No. 95-246, § 2, 11-21-95; Ord. No. 00-365, § 3, 3-7-00)
18-123 -18-140 Reserved.
Division 6, Enyironmcntally Sensitive Critical Areas
18-141 Designation of areas.
(a) The following areas of the environment are designated as ell','ironmentally sensitive critical areas
pursuant to RCW 36.70A.060 36.70A.030(5) aAd W,^.C 197 11 908:
(I) Critical A~quifer recharge areas and Wellhead protection Areas (Wellhead Capture Zones 1,5
and 10);
(2) Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas;
(3) Frequently flooded areas;
(4) Geologically hazardous areas;
(5) Regulated Wwetlands; and
(6) Streams.
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 21
(b) For each of these environmentally sensitive critical areas, the responsible official shall use city
codes, ordinances, resolutions, plans and policies identified in FWCC 18-122 to preclude land uses and
development which are incompatible with these areas. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.280.10),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-
105, § 6(20.280.1 0), 8-20-91; Ord. No. 93-192, § 2, 11-9-93)
18-142 Portfolio Critical areas maps and inventories.
(a) The cmvironmentally sensitive areas portfolio, comprised of Critical area maps and documents
inventories, generally designates the location of environmentally sensitive critical areas within the city
and is adopted by reference.
(b) Area-wide inventories and documents comprising the environmentally sensitive areas portfolio
identifying critical areas may not identify all environmentally sensitive critical areas designated under this
section. Whether mapped or not, the provisions of this division will apply to all designated
eO','ironmentalIy sensitive critical areas located within the city. Whenever there is evidence of an
environmentally sensitive a critical area located within or in proximity to a nonexempt action, the
responsible official may require a special study to determine the extent such environmentally sensitive
critical area may exist. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.280.10),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 6(20.280.10), 8-20-91)
18-143 Exemptions.
(a) For each environmentally sensitive critical area, the exemptions within WAC 197-11-800 that are
inapplicable for that area are:
(I) WAC 197-11-800(1), Minor new construction, flexible threshold.
(2) WAC 197-11-800(2)(a) through (g), Other minor new construction.
(3) WAC 197-11-800(6)(a), Minor land use decisions, short plat approval.
(4) WAC 197-11-800(21)(a), (d), (g)@, Utilities.
(b) Unidentified exemptions shall continue to apply within environmentally sensitive areas of the city.
(c) ,A.S provided inW,^..C 197 11 800(3)(f), certain exemptions do not apply on lands co'/ered by
,vater, and this remains true regardless of whether or not lands covered by '.vater are mapped. (Ord. No. 90-
40, § 1(20.280.10 - 20.280.30),2-27-90; Ord. No. 91-105, § 6(20.280.10), 8-20-91)
18-144 Treatment of proposals.
The city shall treat proposals located wholly or partially within an environmentally seflsiti','e a critical
area no differently than other proposals under this chapter except as stated in FWCC 18-143. A threshold
determination shall be made for all such proposals. The city shall not automatically require an
environmental impact statement for a proposal merely because it is proposed for location in an
environmentally sensitive a critical area. (Ord. No. 90-40, § 1(20.280.20), 2-27-90)
18-145 - 18-160 Reserved.
1:\2004 Code Amendments\Wellhead Protection\Planning Commission\EnvironmentaI Protection.docI081271200t 9:42 AM
FWCC - Chapter 18, Environmental Protection
Page 22
~
CITY OF ~
Federal Way
EXHIBIT
l
NOTICE
ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION OF NONSIGNIFICANCE (DNS)
CRITICAL AQUIFER RECHARGE AREAS AND WELLHEAD PROTECTION
File No: 04-102619-00-SE
Description: The proposal is to amend the Federal Way City Code (FWCC), Chapters 18 and 22 to
provide the City with a mechanism to protect Wellhead Protection Areas, and those areas deemed
necessary to provide adequate recharge and protection to aquifers used as sources of potable (drinking)
water (Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas [CARAs]). In order to implement these regulations, amendments
are proposed for Chapter 18 related to types of actions that would be affected and various articles and
sections of Chapter 22, including "Definitions," "Nonconformance," "Environmentally Sensitive Areas,"
and "Land Modifications." If adopted, the regulations will apply to land uses within the defined Critical
Aquifer Recharge and Wellhead Protection Areas.
Location:
Non-Project Action - Citywide
Applicant:
City of Federal Way
Lead Agency:
City of Federal Way
Staff Contacts: Margaret H. Clark, AICP, Senior Planner, 253-661-4111
Greg Fewins, Deputy Director, 253-661-4108
The lead agency for this proposal has determined that it does not have a probable significant adverse
impact on the environment, and an environmental impact statement (EIS) is not required under RCW
43.21 c.O30(2)( c). This decision was made after review of a completed environmental checklist and other
information on file with the City.
Further information regarding this action is available to the public upon request at the Federal Way
Department of Community Development Services (Federal Way City Hall, 33530 First Way South, PO
Box 9718, Federal Way, W A 98063-9718). This DNS is issued under WAC 197-11-340(2). Comments
must be submitted by 5:00 p.m. on August 2, 2004.
Unless modified by the City, this determination will become final following the above comment deadline.
Any person aggrieved of the City's final determination may file an appeal with the City within 14 days of
the above comment deadline. You may appeal this determination to Kathy McClung, Director of
Community Development Services, at the City of Federal Way (address above), no later than 5:00 p.m. on
August 16, 2004, by a written letter stating the reason for the appeal of the determination. You should be
prepared to make specific factual objections.
Published in the Federal Way Mirror on: July 17.2004
Doc ID 28176
--y----
EXHIBIT
, 'It!
T ."",.--P"'~',-,~",.',
,'C '
-~,.v. ,
3628 South 35th Street
TACOMA WATER
TACOMA PUBLIC UTILITIES
COMMuN RECEIVED BY
TTY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
JUL 2 6 2004
Tacoma, Washington 98409-3192
March 3, 2000
Ms. Margaret Clark, AICP
Senior Planner
City of Federal Way
33530 First Way South
Federal Way WA 98003
Subject:
DETERMINATION OF NON-SIGNIFICANCE - 04-102619-00-SE
Critical Aquifer Recharge areas and Wellhead Protection
Location:
CITYWIDE - Federal Way
Dear Ms. Clark:
We have reviewed the above subject and find that we have no comments or any objection.
Sincerely,
~~
Grant Whitley
Utility Services Specialist
ëXHIBIT --5
RECEIVED BY
IMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENï
I' 'I (I '" ,- ()n.'
,) U L L. ~¡ / I ¡ ij
LAKEHA VEN UTILITY DISTRICT
31627 - 1st Avenue South. P.O. Box 4249 . Federal Way, Washington 98063-4249
Federal Way: 253-941-1516 . Tacoma: 253-927-2922
www.lakeha\Oen.org
July 21, 2004
Margaret Clark
City of Federal Way
33530 First Way South,
PO Box 9718
Federal Way, WA 98063-9718
Subject: Amended Federal Way City Code - Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and
Wellhead Protection.
Dear Margaret:
Thank you for providing the opportunity to comment on the City's document:
"Determination of Non-significance (DNS) Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and
Wellhead Protection." I put together the following comments from review by our
office concerning this submittal:
. Chapter 22 Article I "Definitions" :
A qualified groundwater scientist may be more appropriately defined as:
A hydrogeologist, or engineer who meets the following criteria:
(1) Has a baccalaureate or post-graduate degree in earth science or
engineering; and
(2) Has sufficient education and experience in geology and
hydrogeology as may be demonstrated by state registration,
professional certifications, or licensing that enable that
individual to make sound professional judgments regarding
groundwater and groundwater vulnerability.
Tom Jovanovich
Commissioner
Dick Mayer
Commissioner
Donald loP. Miller
Commissioner
Ed Stewart
Commissioner
Beverly J. Tweddle
Commissioner
Margaret Clark
July 21,2004
Page 2
. Chapter 22. Article XIV - Division 2. Administration
22-1242 Maps adopted:
Essentially all of the surface land area covering the Federal Way upland is
considered a recharge area for groundwater. The Lakehaven Utility
District 1, 5, and 10 year capture zone delineation calculations are only
technical estimations, and ignores the vertical time of travel component
through the unsaturated surface geology. This factor should be
considered when developing site specific wellhead protection area
management plans. Because of this, it may be appropriate to include the
Buffer Zone (or 100 year Capture Zone) for non-contiguous critical aquifer
recharge areas. This "Buffer Zone" established for each well would also
compensate for assumptions that may be in the original 1, 5, and 10 year
capture zone delineations and add longer term protection from
contamination for the aquifers within the Federal Way area. Maps
showing the "Buffer Zones" are in the Robinson & Noble June1996 Report
which was provided to the City.
. Chapter 22. Article XIV - Division 9. Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and'
Wellhead Protection Areas
Prohibited activities: An exemption to the limitations and prohibited
activities as described in this section should be considered for the public
agency (Lakehaven Utility District) that operates and maintains the well
facilities for domestic water production and emergency preparedness. Our
well facilities have a 100 foot "sanitary control area" that is regulated by
the Washington State Department of Health (WAC 246-290-135) and
activity in this area is already tightly controlled by Lakehaven. The
addition of an exemption within the proposed ordinances for the purpose
of O&M of the well facility is needed because Lakehaven is frequently
Margaret Clark
July 21,2004
Page 3
involved in activity that should not require additional local regulation (for
example; chemicals used to rehabilitate a well, fuel used to maintain
emergency power generators, and chemicals used in water treatment).
These are the only comments from our office at this time and again I thank you
for the opportunity to respond. Please feel free to contact me or John Bowman
(253.946.5401) if you have any questions or need additional information
concerning our comments.
Sincerely,
s~
. Water Quality/Production Engineer
Cc: John Bowman
Don Perry
EXHIBIT
L
STATE OF WASHINGTON
DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY
PO Box 47600 . Olympia, WA 98504-7600.360-407-6000
TTY 711 or 800-833-6388 (For the Speech or Hearing Impaired)
.. -
August 2, 2004
Margaret Clark, AICP, Senior Planner
City of Federal Way
33530 First Way South
PO Box 9718
Federal Way, W A 980063-9718
. . -' ~. :-'-"""""':~Ò'"
Dear Ms. Clark,
On behalf of the Department of Ecology's Municipal Stormwater Unit, I am submitting
the following comment on the City of Federal Way's proposed amendments to Chapter
22 of the City Code. My comments are concerned with proposed Division 9, Critical
Aquifer Recharge Areas and Wellhead Protection Areas, Section 22-1372, General
Requirements.
Source control is the primary water quality protection mechanism for most industrial
and commercial sites. The draft code does not include a requirement for the application
of source control Best Management Practices (BMP's). The draft indicates that proposed
activities must be designed and constructed in accordance with the King County Surface
Water Drainage manual. But that manual does not include any source control
requirements.
In addition to the King County manual reference, we suggest that the ordinance should
require application of source control BMP's as detailed in Volume N of the Stormwater
Management Manual for Western Washington (SMMWW), August 2001 for all new
development, and redevelopment. Also, Federal Way should consider making the
source control requirements, or at least the IIOperational Source Control BMP'slI ofthe
SMMWW, apply to existing industrial and commercial sites. IIOperational Source
Control BMPlslI are those practices that do not require structural modifications to
existing facilities. The amendments should give the City the option to require retrofit of
IIStructural Source Control BMP's" to an existing industrial or commercial site on a case-
by-case basis. The retrofitting of structural source control BMP's would be triggered by
an assessment that the lIoperationaI source control BMP's" are not adequately reducing
pollutants discharged from the site.
.....,.
0
Ms. Margaret Clark
August 2, 2004
Page 2
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If you, or the City's staff, need clarification on this comment, please contact me at
360/407-6438, or at eobr461@ecy.wa.gov. Thank you for your efforts to adopt an
ordinance to protect the groundwater resources of your area.
Sincerely,
f£~
Ed O'Brien, PoE.
Municipal Stormwater Unit
Water Quality Program
JS:akg
cc:
Anne Fritzel, Growth Management Planner, CTED
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