Council MIN 01-17-2012 RegularCITY OF
,� Federal Way
MINUTES
FEDERAL WAY CITY COUNCIL
REGULAR MEETING
Council Chambers - City Hall
January 17, 2012
7:00 p.m.
www. cityoffederalway. com
1. CALL MEETING TO ORDER
Mayor Priest called the meeting to order at 7:03 pm.
Elected officials present: Mayor Skip Priest, Deputy Mayor Jim Ferrell, Councilmember
Linda Kochmar, Councilmember Susan Honda, Councilmember Jeanne Burbidge,
Councilmember Bob Celski, Councilmember Roger Freeman and Councilmember Dini
Duclos.
Staff present: City Attorney Pat Richardson and City Clerk Carol McNeilly.
2. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
Dick Mayer led the Pledge of Allegiance.
Mayor Priest asked for a moment of silence for fallen Park Ranger Margaret Anderson.
MOTION: Councilmember Duclos moved to amend the agenda to add as item 6m under
Council Business the discussion and approval of a proposed letter to the City's
Legislators regarding Sound Transit legislation. Deputy Mayor Ferrell second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
AAotion carried 7-0.
3. PRESENTATION
a. Business Recvcler of the Year
Mayor Priest announced this item will be postponed to another Council meeting as the
recipients of this award were unable to attend the meeting due to the inclement weather.
City Councid Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regudar Meeting Page 1 of 12
b. Mavor's Emerqinq Issues
Mayor Priest stated there were five emerging issues.
Sound Transit and Audit announced bv State Auditor
Mayor Priest stated the Washington State Auditor announced earlier this month that
his office would be conducting a comprehensive performance audit of Sound Transit.
The City supports this audit as there are several questions regarding the money
Sound Transit is collecting from Federal Way taxpayers and the level of service being
provided, especially the broken promise to bring light rail to Federal Way. The Mayor
wrote a letter to the State Auditor last week outlining several concerns we have and
hope that they look at. Mayor Priest shared a photo provided by a resident showing
the overcrowding that is occurring on Sound Transit busses that service Federal Way.
During the work week busses are standing room only. Full busses are leaving people
to wait in the rain for the next bus, or the bus following that one. The City brought this
issue to Sound Transit and they responded as if it was no big deal. Nine cents of
every dollar spent by a Federal Way resident goes to Sound Transit. This equates to
Thirteen and a half million dollars each year. For that amount there should be better
service and better responses to issues. Councilmember Duclos amended the agenda
for the Council to take action regarding a proposed letter to our legislators conceming
Sound Transit (item 6.m.).
Request for Proposals for the Communitv Enhancement Grant:
Administrative Services Director Bryant Enge reported the Community Enhancement
Grants support community and educational projects and activities. There is $20K
available for funding with a maximum grant award of $1,500. Mr. Enge reviewed the
grant guidelines. This is a competitive grant process. The application period begins
January 18th and applications must be submitted by February 16, 2012. Applications
will be reviewed by the Human Services Commission.
Airport Issues
Mayor Priest stated he attended a meeting with the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) last week. The FAA is working on an Environmental Assessment on proposed
airline routes — it is called the Greener Skies Initiative. The environmental assessment
period is an opportunity for Federal Way residents to share their concerns about
airport noise. A meeting will be held on January 25, 2012 at the Federal Way Library
on S. 320�' starting at 6:00 pm.
Medical Cannabis
Mayor Priest stated the Council has taken a very direct stand regarding medical
cannabis. It is against Federal Law and therefore not allowed in the City. Tomorrow
there is a hearing in Olympia regarding the latest version of proposed legislation
regarding medical cannabis. Police Chief Brian Wilson and other representatives from
the Police Department will be attending the hearing ta testify on the Council's position.
• Council's Annual Retreat
The City Council will conduct their annual retreat on Saturday, January 28"' at Dumas
Bay Centre starting at 9:00 am. Deputy Mayor Ferrell stated the following topics were
slated for discussion: Sustainable Budget, Public Safety, Economic Development/Civic
Center Development and Council Rules of Procedure.
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 2 of 12
4. CITIZEN COMMENT
Tracv Hills spoke about Sound Transit and recovering the funds that have been collected
from Federal Way residents.
Jennie Hills would like to see the City work to create jobs for people with disabilities.
Norma Blanchard spoke in support of term limits for the City Council. She stated if the
Council would adopt term limits they would not need to add it to the ballot.
Nancv Combs welcomed Councilmember's Honda and Celski. She commented on tra�c
issues in her neighborhood — specifically speeding tra�c and cars not stopping at the 4-
way stop.
Donald Barovic welcomed Councilmember's Honda and Celski. He reported that he is
continuing to loose livestock to coyotes. He asked why he can not use a gun to protect his
livestock.
5. CONSENT AGENDA �
Items listed be/ow have been previously reviewed in their entirety by a Council Committee of three members
and brought before full Council for approval. All items are enacted by one motion. Individual items may be
removed by a Councilmember for separate discussion and subsequent motion.
a. Minutes: January 3, 2012 Special and Regular Meeting
b. Arts Commission 2012 Work Plan
c. "On Call° Electrical Services Bid
d. Third Arriendment for Janitorial Services
e. Parks Commission 2012 Work Plan
MOTION: Deputy Mayor Ferrell moved approval of items 5a through 5e.
Councilmember Freeman second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
6. COUNCIL BUSINESS
a. 2012 Citv Council Committee Appointments
Mayor Priest stated pursuant to Council Rules of Procedure, section 20.8 the Deputy
Mayor makes Council Committee appointments in January of each year.
Deputy Mayor Ferrell announced the following Committee Appointments for 2012:
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 3 of 12
• Finance/Economic Development/Reqional Affairs Committee:
Chair: Councilmember Duclos
Members: Councilmembers Celski and Councilmember Freeman
• Land Use/Transportation Committee:
Chair: Councilmember Celski
Members: Councilmember Honda and Councilmember Burbidge
• Parks/Recreation/Human Services and Public Safetv Committee:
Chair: Councilmember Honda
� Members: Councilmember Freeman and Councilmember Kochmar
• Lodqinq Tax Advisorv Committee
Chair: Councilmember Burbidge
MOTION: Deputy Mayor Ferrell moved to approve the 2012 City Council Committee
appointments. Councilmember Duclos second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
b. South Sound ReQional Business Incubator (SSRBI) Fundinq Reauest
Community and Economic Development Director Patrick Doherty reported that in October
2009 the City Council approved an action to support the South Sound Regional Business
Incubator (SSRBI) with up to $100,000 per year in 2010 and 2011 for programmatic
support. The SSRBI has operated successfwlly during the preceding finro years, creating
small businesses and new jobs for Federal Way. The SSRBI is requesting $30k from the
City per year in 2012 and 2013. If approved by Council, the City Center Re-development
Fund resolutions (Nos. 05-460, 09-564 and 10-573) would have to be amended to allow
for this funding request. Brett Thomas, SSRBI representative reviewed their Business
Plan Executive Summar� and Funding Request
MOTION: Councilmember Duclos moved to approve City support in 2012 and 2013
of the SSRBI by approving an amendmentto Resolution Nos. 05-460, 09-564 and 10-
573 to appropriate $30,000 per year in 2012 and 2013 from the City Center Re-
development Fund. Councilmember Kochmar second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
CouncilmemberKochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 4 of 12
c. Arts Commission Appointments
MOTION: Councilmember Honda moved to re-appoint voting members Cynthia
Piennet, Maureen Hathaway and Lori Weldon to the Arts Commission for there-year
terms expiring December 31, 2014, and appoint Katherine (Kate) Olson as a voting
member for a three-year term expiring December 31, 2014. Deputy Mayor Ferrell
second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0
d. Independent Salarv Commission Appointments
The Council interviewed one applicant for the Independent Salary Commission at their
January 17, 2012 Special Meeting.
MOTION: Deputy Mayor Ferrell moved to re-appoint Donald Dennis to the
Independent Salary Commission for a four-year term expiring February 28, 2016 and
appoint Mark Koppang to the Commission for a four-year term expiring February 28,
2016. Councilmember Duclos second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
e. Human Services Commission Appointments
The Council interviewed two applicants for the Human Services Commission at their
January 17, 2012 Special Meeting.
MOTION: Councilmember Honda moved to re-appoint Elizabeth Hughes and Bob
Wroblewski to the Human Services Commission for three-year terms expiring
January 31, 2015, and appoint Mary Schultz to flll the remainder of the unexpired
term of January 31, 2013, and appoint Michael Capenos as an alternate member
with at term expiring Jan 31, 2015. Councilmember Duclos second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page S of 12
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Ducios Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
f. Lodging Tax Advisory Committee Appointments
The Council interviewed one applicant for the Lodging Tax Advisory Committee at their
January 17, 2012 Special Meeting.
MOTION: Councilmember Burbidge moved to re-appoint Mike Dunwiddie to the
Lodging Tax Advisory Committee for a finro-year term expiring October 31, 2013, and
appoint Rik France to the Committee for a two year-term expiring October 31, 2013.
Councilmember Duclos second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
g. Parks and Recreation Commission Appointments
The Council interviewed two applicants for the Parks and Recreation Commission at
their January 17, 2012 Special Meeting.
MOTION: Councilmember Honda moved to appoint Mike Hoefel to the Parks and
Recreation Commission as a voting member to fill the remainder of an unexpired
term of April 30, 2014, and appoint Mark Koppang as alternate members with terms
expiring April 30, 2015. Councilmember Kochmar second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes �
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
h. Steel Lake Advisorv Committee Appointments
MOTION: Councilmember Celski moved to re-appoint Tom Dezutter, Margaret
Reyner, Melanie Cannon and William Lineham to the Steel Lake Management
Districts with two-year terms expiring December 31, 2013. Councilmember Duclos
second
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 6 of 12
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
i. 2012 Municipal Stormwater Grant of Reqional Siqnificance
Surface Water Manager Will Appleton stated the Washington Department of Ecology is
soliciting grant proposals for projects of regional or statewide significance to support
implementation of the Municipal Stormwater General Permits issues in January 2007 and
reissued for draft review in October 2011. The grant is competitive and only available to
jurisdictions covered by a municipal Stormwater permit. The maximum amount awarded
for each grant is $300k, and no matching funds are required. Staff recommends
submitting a grant application for the development of a regional program intended to
improve Stormwater education among elementary students. Grant applications must be
submitted by January 20, 2012 and project completion must occur by June 30, 2013. Mr.
Appleton noted the staff report provided to Council stated the grant request amount was
anticipated to be around $60k, he now anticipates the amount to be between $70k and
$75k.
MOTION: Councilmember Celski moved to authorize staff to submit a Stormwater
Education and Outreach Program for funding through the 2012 Municipal
Stormwater Grant of Regional Significance. Councilmember Freeman second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
j. Collective Barqaininq Aqreement with Teamsters Parks/Public Works Maintenance
Workers
City Attorney Pat Richardson reported that the Collective Bargaining Agreement with the
Teamsters Parks/Public Works Maintenance Workers expired on December 31, 2010.
The parties have been in been in negotiations for over a year and have reached a
tentative agreement. Key points of the agreement are change in health insurance
providers; a one-time eight hours to settle the contract; a one-time eight hours to
recognize they were the first union to agree to switch health insurance providers; and no
wage increase for 2011 through 2014, unless the non-represented employees, as a whole
receive some form of increased compensation. This new agreement will last through
December 2014. The issue regarding the definition of temporary/seasonal workers
remains outstanding, with a hearing on the matter scheduled for February 16 and 17,
2012.
MOTION: Deputy Mayor Ferrell moved to approve the Collective Bargaining
Agreement with the Teamsters Parks/Public Works Maintenance Workers and
authorize the Mayor to execute the agreement. Councilmember Freeman second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 7 of 12
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Cetski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
k. Collective Barqaininq Agreement with Teamsters Municipal Court Clerks
City Attomey Pat Richardson reported that the Collective Bargaining Agreement with the
Teamsters Municipal Court Clerks expired on December 31, 2010. The parties have been
in been in negotiations for over a year and have reached a tentative agreement. Key
points of the agreement are change in health insurance providers; a one-time eight hours
to settle the contract; a one-time eight hours to recognize they were the first union to
agree to switch health insurance providers; and no wage increase for 2011 through 2014,
unless the non-represented employees, as a whole receive some form of increased
compensation. This new agreement will last through December 2014. The issue regarding
the definition of temporary/seasonal workers remains outstanding, with a hearing on the
matter scheduled for February 16 and 17, 2012.
MOTION: Deputy Mayor Ferrell moved to approve the Coll�ctive Bargaining
Agreement with the Teamster — Municipal Court Clerks and authorize the Mayor to
execute the agreement Gouncilmember Freeman second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
I. Arts Commission 2012 Contract for Services
Recreation Supervisor John Hutton stated the Arts Commission Contract for Services
program funds local arts organizations that provide cultural programs within the
community. The budget for the 2012 Contract for Services is $37,900. The City solicited
applications from local art organizations. The Arts Commission reviewed the applications,
interviewed each organization and made funding recommendations.
Councilmember Burbidge stated she needed to recuse herself from this item.
MOTION: Councilmember Honda moved to approve Arts Commission 2012 Contract
for Services. Councilmember Kochmar second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Recused
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 6-0.
City Council Minutes —Jan"uary 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 8 of 12
m. Proposed Letter to Citv's Leqislators Reqardinq Sound Transit Leqislation
Mayor Priest stated that Sound Transit continues to collect $13.5 million out of our
community without returning comparable services, either in the form of the light rail
promised by 2023 in ST2, or in the form of adequate Sound Transit Express Bus service.
Sound Transit has not been responsive to the requests for improved service. Therefore,
we are requesting support from the Legislature in addressing inequity in the regional
transit system.
MOTION: Councilmember Duclos moved to approve the proposed letter to the City's
legislators regarding legislation to address our issues with Sound Transitand have
it signed by all seven Councilmember's. Deputy AAayor Ferrell second
Deputy Mayor Duclos stated that in 2008 Sound Transit made a promise to Federal Way
to provide light rail by 2023. Underthe promised ST2 Plan, voters gave Sound Transitthe
authority to collect sales taxes around the Tri-County region. Sound Transit collects $13.5
million annually for what was promised in ST2. At the May 17, 2011 Council meeting,
Sound Transit announced they would not bring light rail to Federal Way. The City has
drafted a letter to our legislatures describing five legislative proposals they would like to
see supported.
Councilmember Kochmar suggested sending a copy of the letter to the other sub-area
jurisdictions.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
7. ORDINANCES
First Reading:
a. CB #596 Amend FWRC 7.030.101 and 7.030.040 Reqardina Prohibition of Intemal
Combustion Enaines on Steel Lake and North Lake
An ordinance of the City of Federal Way, Washington, relating to boats an watercraft� amending FWRC
7.03.010 and FRWC 7.030.040
Senior Engineering Plans Reviewer Ann Dower stated prior to incorporation, Steel Lake
and North Lake were protected by a King County ordinance that prohibited the use of
internal combustion engines on the lakes. Since incorporation occasional complaints have
brought into question whether or not internal combustion engines are still prohibited as
their use is not addressed in the Federal Way Revised Code (FWRC). As combustion
engines are sources of unnecessary noise and storm water pollutants staff is
recommending amending Title 7-Public Nuisances of the FWRC to include internal
combustion engines. The use of combustion engines on these lakes would be considered
a civil infraction, enforceable by the City's Code Enforcement o�cer or the Police
Department. The penalty would be up to $100 for the first infraction, up to $200 for the
second and up to $300 for the third.
City Council Minutes - January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 9 of 12
City Clerk McNeilly read the ordinance title into the record.
MOTION: Councilmember Honda moved to forward approval of the proposed
ordinance regarding prohibition of internal combustion engines on Steel Lake an
North Lake to the February 7, 2012 City Council meeting for approval.
Councilmember Burbidge second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0.
Second Reading:
b. CB #594 Proposed Amendments Related to Hiqh Profile Siqns
An orolinance of the City of Federal Way, Washington, relating to high profile pylon and pole signs;
amending FWRC 19.140.140
At their January 3, 2012 meeting, the City Council moved to forward this ordinance to
second reading and enactment.
City Clerk McNeilly read the ordinance title into the record.
MOTION: Councilmember Celski moved
Councilmember Burbidge second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0. Ordinance 12-712
approval of the proposed ordinance.
c. CB #595 Proposed Amendments Related to Wall Mounted Banner Sictns
An ordinance of the City of Federal Way, Washington, relating to wall mounted bannersigns; amending
FWRC 19.140.150, 19.140.130 and 19.05.190(s)
At their January 3, 2012 meeting, the City Council moved to forward this ordinance to
second reading and enactment.
City Clerk McNeilly read the ordinance title into the record.
MOTION: Councilmember Celski moved approval of the proposed ordinance.
Councilmember Duclos second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
City Councid Minutes —.Ianuary 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page IO of l2
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0. Ordinance 12-713
d. CB #593 Proposed Amendments to FWRC 9.09 Animal Licensinq and FWRC 19.260
Animal Zoninq Requlations, Reqarding Requlation of Cats and Doqs.
An ordinance of the City of Federal Way, Washingfon, relating to animal services; repealing FWRC
9.09.050, amending FWRC 9.09.040, 19.260.010 and 19.260.020
At their January 3, 2012 meeting, the City Council moved to forward this ordinance to
second reading and enactment.
City Clerk McNeilly read the ordinance title into the record.
MOTION: Councilmember Honda moved approval of the proposed ordinance.
Councilmember Duclos second.
Vote:
Deputy Mayor Ferrell Yes
Councilmember Kochmar Yes
Councilmember Honda Yes
Councilmember Burbidge Yes
Councilmember Celski Yes
Councilmember Freeman Yes
Councilmember Duclos Yes
Motion carried 7-0. Ordinance 12-714
8. COUNCIL REPORTS
Deputy Mayor Ferrell reported on the Suburban Cities Association orientation meeting he
attended. He thanked Councilmember Freeman and the Diversity Commission fortheir efforts
on the Martin Luther King event. He encouraged people to attend the upcoming City Council
Annual Retreat on January 28, 2012 at Dumas Bay Centre.
Councilmember Burbidge reported on the Transportation Policy Board meeting she attended
as well as the upcoming Transportation Improvement Board meeting on January 26"' and 27�'
in Olympia.
Councilmember Honda thanked everyone who participated in the Diversity Commission Food
Drive. There were volunteers at seven stores and the event collected cash donations and food
for the Multi-Service Center.
Councilmember Celski reported he attended the Chamber of Commerce Economic Forecast.
He stated the Martin Luther King event was informational and very well done. The next LUTC
meeting is January 23, 2012.
Councilmember Kochmar thanked Councilmember Freeman for his work on the Martin Luther
King event. She reported that she attended the fifth anniversary of the singing of the Korean-
American Day event at the Asian Resource Center.
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 11 of l2
Councilmember Freeman thanked Ron Walker, Our Saviors Baptist Church, City staff and
everyone who contributed to the success of the Martin Luther King event.
Councilmember Duclos stated that she was elected to the Suburban Cities Association Board
of Directors. She reported on the Regional Policy Committee meeting she attended.
9. MAYOR'S REPORT
Mayor Priest thanked Councilmember Freeman for his work on the Martin Luther King
event. He reported on the upcoming Health Fair at the Federal Way Community Center.
He noted the Public Works Department is prepared to address the forecasted snow.
10. ADJOURNMENT
With no additional business before the Council, Mayor Priest adjourned the meeting at
9:00 pm.
Attest:
arol McNeilly, CM , City Cle
Approved by Council: February 17, 2012
City Council Minutes — January 17, 2012 Regular Meeting Page 12 of 12