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Planning Commission PKT 02-04-2015City of Federal Way PLANNING COMMISSION February 4, 2015 City Hall 117: p.m. Council Chambers AGENDA CALL TO ORDER 2. ROLL CALL APPROVAL OF MINUTES January 21, 2015 4. AUDIENCE COMMENT 5. ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT 6. COMMISSION BUSINESS • BRIEFING Federal Way Comprehensive Plan (FWRC) Major Update Chapter Nine, "Natural Environment" 7. ADDITIONAL BUSINESS ADJOURN KAPlanning Commission\2015\2- 4- 2014\PC_Packet_24- 14.docx CITY OF FEDERAL WAY PLANNING COMMISSION January 21, 2015 City Hall 6:00 p.m. Council Chambers MEETING MINUTES Commissioners present: Tom Medhurst Lawson Bronson, Hope Elder, Tim O'Neil, and Anthony Murrietta. Commissioner absent: Sarady Long and Wayne Carlson (both excused) and Diana Noble - Gulliford (unexcused). Staff present: Planning Manager Isaac Conlen, Principal Planner Margaret Clark, Assistant Attorney Mark Orthmann, and Administrative Assistant II Tina Piety. CALL TO ORDER Vice -Chair Bronson called the meeting to order at 7:05 p.in. APPROVAL OF MINUTES The minutes of January 7, 2015, were approved as presented. AUDIENCE COMMENT None ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT Planning Manager Conlen reported that staff expects the Commission to be meeting the first and third Wednesdays in February and March. The update to the comprehensive plan needs to be completed by June 30, 2015, and much still needs to be done. He anticipates the Commission will be very busy this year. Commissioner Bronson stated he will not be available on February 18. COMMISSION BUSINESS BRIEFING— Federal Way Comprehensive Plan (FWRC) Major Update — Chapter Eight, "Potential Annexation Areas" Principal Planner Clark delivered the presentation. She went over the history and update process. A Potential Annexation Area (PAA) is that area adjacent to a city that could be annexed to the city in the future and is created by agreement between neighboring cities and King County. Based on the GMA, VISION 2040, and the CWPPs, a city would ultimately annex and provide services within its PAA. The City of Federal Way PAA lies generally east of the City of Federal Way and Interstate 5. In 2003, the city prepared a sub -area plan for its PAA to guide the annexation. This sub -area plan was developed into FWCP Chapter 8. No updates have been done since that time; so much of the information in the chapter is out of date. In 2005, the city annexed the Redondo East, North Lake, and southwest portion of the Parkway area. In 2007, the city attempted to annex the remaining PAA, but it was rejected by the voters. Currently, the city has no plans to pursue annexation of the remaining PAA. The city would have to undertake a major study to update much of the information in the chapter and it does not make sense to pursue such a study until the city plans to annex the area. Citizens in the area do have the option to petition for annexation. If residents petition for annexation, new studies and the feasibility of annexing the area will be prepared. The updated Chapter 8 will be more of an inventory with goals and polices to govern future annexation. Much of the outdated information will be removed. Staff is still in the process of researching some information. The city worked with various agencies (Federal Way School District, South King Fire & Rescue, and utility providers) and city departments (Parks and Public Works) on the updates. They provided updates to their sections within the chapter and to their maps. Staff is waiting to hear from some agencies. Staff provided handouts of updated maps. No changes are planned for the pre - annexation zoning map. Commissioner O'Neil asked what would be a trigger for the city to annex. Principal Planner Clark replied that the city has no plans to annex. If citizens want, they may petition the city to annex an area. Commissioner O'Neil asked if King County is doing anything to encourage cities to annex. Planning Manager Conlen replied that in the past, King County has offered financial incentives to cities to annex their PAA's. The city has not considered annexations in the last six to seven years, so Planning Manager Conlen does not know if King County is currently offering any incentives to cities to annex. Commissioner Murrietta asked if citizens want to be annexed to the City, how many must make the request. Planning Manager Conlen replied that 10% of the citizens of the area must make the petition to annex. A vote must be held in the entire area and at least 60% must vote yes for the annexation to be approved. The King County Boundary Review Board has information regarding annexations. Commissioner Bronson commented that he sees a potential conflict with Chapter 9, "Natural Environment," and this chapter. Last meeting, during the Open House, citizens commented on Chapter 9 and many of them were encouraging no further growth and want Chapter 9 to express that. Chapter 8 appears to encourage growth. Planning Manger Conlen commented that each chapter has different goals and they may conflict. It is the job of staff (and the Planning Commission and City Council through this process) to seek a balance between the chapters and any conflicting goals. ADDITIONAL BUSINESS None ADJOURN The meeting was adjourned at 7:40 p.m. CITY OF Federal Way PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DATE: January 30, 2015 TO: Tom Medhurst, Chair and Members of the Federal Way Planning Commission FROM: Matthew Herrera, AICP — Senior Planner Isaac Conlen — Planning Manager SUBJECT: 2015 Major Comprehensive Plan Update Proposed Amendments to Chapter 9 — Natural Environment ATTACHMENT: Chapter 9 — Natural Environment Track Changes Clean copy accessed here: htip://www.citvoffederalway.com/DocumentCenterNiew/57 10 MEETING DATE: February 4, 2015 —Briefing I. BACKGROUND Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130(4), the City of Federal Way is required to update the comprehensive plan every eight years to ensure the plan complies the State's Growth Management Act (GMA). The deadline for this update is June 30, 2015. An extensive background discussion was provided in the staff report for the July 2, 2014, Planning Commission meeting. A copy of the chapter showing all of the proposed underline and strikethrough changes is attached. For your convenience, a clean copy that details how the proposed changes would look can be accessed at: http: // www. cilyoffederalwav .com /DocumentCenterNiew /5710 II. PLANNING COMMISSION UPDATE PROCESS Planning Commission Briefings — Staff will provide edits to the existing chapters in Track Changes format to the Planning Commission for their input and feedback. Edits to Chapters — Staff will incorporate Commission requested edits to the chapter following the briefing and prior to the public hearing. Planning Commission Public Hearing — All amended chapters of the plan will be presented to the Planning Commission at one public hearing. At this point, the Planning Commission will have already substantively reviewed the entire comprehensive plan in the earlier chapter -by- chapter format. The only new material would be any edits that the Commission had requested during the earlier review. From a timing perspective, it will be important that the Commission understands this and does not re -open or reconsider the issues that have been agreed to in the earlier chapter -by- chapter review. III. STREAMLINING THE PLAN Staff is proposing to make the document easier to use by providing a short preamble for each chapter subsection, creating a clear focus on the goals and policies, and deleting superfluous language from the existing chapter. This is a theme throughout the entire comprehensive plan major update process. IV. CHAPTER 9— NATURAL ENVIRONMENT The goals and policies of the Natural Environment Chapter provide a basis to protect the GMA- identified environmentally critical areas which are: • Wetlands; • Areas with a Critical Recharging Effect on Aquifers used for Potable Water; • Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas; • Frequently Flooded Areas; and • Geologically Hazardous Areas. The chapter also provides goals and policies for other aspects of the natural environment including tree preservation, air quality /climate change, noise, and open space. V. PROPOSED EDITS The edits proposed by staff incorporate feedback gathered in the public participation process, best practices, and recommendations from state agencies. Staff has also proposed edits that remove superfluous background, dated information, and goals /policies that are incorporated in other planning documents. The following is a summary (in order) of substantive edits to the Natural Environment Chapter: • Removed former King County Countywide Planning Policies (KCWPP) from each sub section and replaced with overarching environment goals of updated KCWPP, Puget Sound Regional Council Vision 2040 Plan, and GMA. • NEP6 — New policy adding the practice of mitigation sequencing for proposal that impact critical areas. Government and private proposals should attempt to stay out of critical areas if possible. • NEP9 - New policy codifying the department's recent practice of requiring applicants to test soils in areas that may be affected by the Tacoma Smelter Plume as recommended by the state Department of Ecology. • NEP 10 — Amended policy for environmental studies to recommended mitigation for impacts caused by proposed development not only to environmentally critical areas but also to contaminated sites or proposed development that may cause contamination. • Private Property Rights — This is a new subsection in the chapter's overarching goals and policies. This stems from feedback received in the stakeholder interviews and public workshop. • Water Resources — Removed a portion of the section's preamble, goal NEG2, and its associated policies NEP8 — NEP 18. This language is already located in the Surface Water Management Comprehensive Plan. Staff has cross - referenced the document for streamlining purposes. Aquifer Recharge Areas — Aquifer protection was an area of concern at the public workshop. • Staff amended the overall goal NEG3 "To protect and enhance aquifer recharge areas." • NEP20 was amended to include Low Impact Development and Green Stormwater Infrastructure techniques wherever feasible in land use/building controls. • NEP21 is a new policy that encourages water reuse and reclamation for irrigation and other non - potable water needs. • Streams and Lakes (Surface Water) — NEP34 is amended to add language that encourages native planting and limiting the use of fertilizers /pesticides or other chemicals in lake environments. Habitat degradation in lake environments was a feedback item from the public workshop and stakeholder interviews. NEP35 is amended to add language regarding water typing for streams that provide protections to salmon and salmon habitat. Ultimately, staff will recommend standardizing the stream rating system with the state system when updating the development regulations. Standardizing rating systems for streams and wetlands is feedback that staff heard prior to and throughout the update process. Frequently Flooded Areas — Preamble identifies that floodplains are located along the Puget Sound shoreline and regulated by the Shoreline Master Program. • Amendment to goal NEG6 to include the prevention of loss of habitat. • New policies NEP41 and NEP42 discourage new improvements in floodplains unless fully mitigated and all approved construction follow recommendations of a Habitat Assessment, respectively. Wetlands — These edits reflect feedback we received for resource protection and standardization of rating/mitigation. Best Available Science is also reflected in these edits. • New policy NEP46 recommends limited impacts to wetlands and identifies the mitigation sequencing steps. • New policy NEP47 is added for the importance of wetland buffers. • New policy NEP51 encourages the adoption of the state's wetland rating system. • New policy NEP55 encourages the city to consider a partnership with the King County Mitigation Reserves program for offsite mitigation options. • Geologically Hazardous Areas — New policies NEP62, NEP65, and NEP66 are added for professional study and analysis associated with proposed construction, utilization of erosion control best practices, and encouraging vegetation retention. Staff removed the existing policy NEP59 that encouraged special regulations to address improvements near marine bluffs as this was an issue that was rejected in the SMP update process. Staff also removed the existing policy NEP60 that encouraged the development of special regulations that would allow development on or near marine bluffs only if the applicant could substantiate the improvement(s) had less than a 25 percent chance of failure. The 25 percent threshold is a difficult measure to quantify. Further, staff believes a one in four chance of failure is too high to allow. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas — Added preamble language that describes which areas GMA identifies as habitat conservation areas. These two new policies reflect feedback obtained at the public workshop. • Added new policy NEP74 that supports community and non - profits efforts for restoration. • Added new policy NEP75 that continues support for the Spring Valley property acquisition. • New policies NEP78 and NEP79 minimize lighting around habitat areas without compromising public safety. • Tree Preservation — New goal and policies added to reflect feedback from stakeholder interviews and public workshop. Policies incentivize tree retention, encourage only minimal modification to vegetation in critical areas, and discourage topping of healthy trees. Workshop, survey, and interview feedback identified this as an important issue. Air Quality and Climate Change — Added new preamble, goal, and policies that reflect the GMA requirement to include comprehensive plan language regarding climate change. The following are all newly added: • NEG12 promotes land use and transportation that minimize pollution. • NEP87 encourages building techniques that mitigate the effects of air pollution. • NEP90 encourages compact growth in appropriate zones. • NEP91 -NEP93 supports alternative modes to vehicle use. • NEP94, NEP95, NEP97, NEP98 supports city programs that implement energy efficiency and climate change considerations. • NEP96 encourages new development to incorporate green building certifications. • Noise —New NEP 100 supporting noise reduction measures from impacts to Interstate 5 and arterials on residential areas. Removed NEP73 as the city is no longer located in the 65dn1(day- night average sound level) contour. • Open Space — New policy 105 supports connections to critical areas as habitat corridors. New policies NEP108 and NEP109 supports safety programs in parks and open space which were added as a result of feedback from the public workshop. • Staff removed the Implementation subsection as all of the items have been completed. CHAPTER NINE - NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 9.0 INTRODUCTION Maintaining and improving the quality of the natural environment in Federal Way is central to the City's vision of the future. The quality of the- hydrologic features, forested areas, and scenic vistas 4-are community assets many -miles have ehosen to live o Federal Way. Businesses people -also make location decisions based, in , on quality of life factors and one might afpe t#at- therefore the quality of the natural environment is also important to the economic vitality of the City. Finally, maintaining the viability of the natural environment is prudent and cost effective public policy. 4, For example, the if the City maintains or improves the natural drainage system and how it functions, it will save tax dollars by not having to build and maintain costly storm drainage facilities. The intent of this chapter, and the goald peheies it eent ins, is to guide future actions such that the quality of the natural environment is maintained or improved. State's Growth Management Act and Countywide Planning Policies The Growth Management Act (GMA) defines critical areas as_ wetlands_; areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers- mehafge weas used for potable water, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, frequently flooded areas, and geologically hazardous areas. Pursuant to the periodic major update policies of the GMA (RCW 36.70A.0W 30 5 )L ), the City d-updated its environmentally critical area regulations in 419.32015 to meet Best Available Science requirements. regulate development entail y se sitiA,e ; ° . These regulations are contained in Title 19 of the Federal Way Revised Code (FWRC). " as "sensitive afeas" in its or-dinanees and the twe teffns are used inter-ehangeably in Development of this chapter is based on: the same efnise adept °a in LIJKing County Countywide Planning Policies ( 4OyerarchinQ Goa in the _Environment Chapter- , "The quality of the natural environment in King County is restored and protected for future generations. ": "Land FWCP —Chapter Nine, Natural Environment (2) P uget Sound Regional Council Vision 2040, Overarching Goal for the Environment — "The region will care for the natural environment by protecting and restoring natural systems, conserving habitat, improving water quality, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants, and addressing potential climate change impacts. The region acknowledges that the health of all residents is connected to the health of the environment. Planning at all levels should consider the impacts of land use, development patterns, and transportation on the ecosystem." (3) GMA Plannin Goal (10 Environment). Protect the environment and enhance the state's high quality of life, including air and water quality, and the availability of water." 9.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT GOALS AND POLICIES Environmental Stewardship Goal Federal Way recognizes that the natural environment is an intrinsic part of the urban fabric for the following important reasons: • It provides opportunities for recreation; • It provides habitat for fish, wildlife and plant life; • It is part of the City's surface water management system and water supply; • It creates a positive visual image and open space; • It supports economic development goals; and • It is cost effective public policy. compliments natural surroundings. Source YSAT (2005) The merits and costs of environmental actions must be weighed and balanced against other important demands, such as public safety, and-recreation, housing, public infrastructure, and- economic development and private property rights. NEG1 To preserve the City's natural systems in order to protect public health, safety, and welfare, and to maintain the integrity of the natural environment. l(ACritical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Policies The City's natural environment is composed of a wide variety of landforms, soils, watercourses, and vegetation. The City's terrain ranges from steep hills and ridgelines to plateaus and lakes. Soil types vary from loam in the lowlands to sand, gravel, and till in the uplands. Land use and development practices need to be compatible with this variety of environmental conditions. As a general rule, the City intends to protect the natural environment rather than try to overcome its limitations for development. NEPI Protect and restore environmental quality through implementation of land use plans, surface water management plans and programs, comprehensive park plans, and development review. NEP2 Preserve and restore ecological functions, and enhance natural beauty, by encouraging community development patterns and site planning that maintains and complements natural landforms. NEP3 To the maximum extent praetioal, the Cit�"S 4AUFe aetions will be consist with the ...,,,1s and policies of this ..hapter „Frye FIAIGD NEP3 Plant suitable native trees and vegetation within degraded stream, wetlands, lake buffers, and steep slopes. NEP4 The City should-will continue to work in-eeneei�,Twith internal departments, state; and regional agencies, as well as ,. i neighboring jurisdictions, and tribes; to protect seasitiN,e environmentally critical areas and the City's natural environment. NEP5 To assist in evaluating existing and proposed environmental policy, the City should prepare- continue to update inventories for each type of see environmentally critical area to augment data received from other information sources. NEP6 Mitigation sequencing steps, which begin with avoiding impacts altogether her by not taking certain action or parts of an action, should be applied to all projects where impacts to environmentally critical areas are proposed. NEP7 Implement and periodically update environmentally critical area regulations consistent with Best Available Science while also taking into consideration the City's obligation to meet urban -level densities and other requirements under the GMA. NEP68 Where appropriate, Tthe City encourages private donations of land or conservation easements for sensitive environmentally critical areas and their associated buffers. NEP9 The City will continue to encourage utilization of the soil safety program and Model Remedies Guidance for properties impacted by the Tacoma Smelter Plume. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP -710 The City may continue to require eempletion of environmental studies by qualified professionals to assess the impact and recommend appropriate mitigation of proposed development on sensitive environmentally critical areas and areas that may be contaminated or development that may potentially cause contamination. The City recognizes the importance of private property rights as one of the 13 planning goals of the GMA. When implementing development regulations, GMA requires the property rights of landowners be protected from arbitrary and discriminatory actions. NEG2 Balance the protection of environmentally critical areas with the rights of property owners. NEP11 Environmentally critical area regulations will be based on Best Available Science. NEP12 The City should adopt regulations that are adequate to protect environmentally critical areas, but do not unreasonably hinder private property rights. NEP13 The City will strive to enforce regulations and procedures on a consistent and equitable basis. NEP14 Environmentally critical area regulations should provide clear direction to property owners and applicants. NEP15 The repercussions of unauthorized alterations to environmentally critical areas should be clearly stated and consistently enforced. NEP16 The City should help identify potential environmental constraints topropert y owners and applicants early in the permit application process and provide guidance for permitting, best management practices, and effective environmental stewardship. NEP17 Continue the practice of providing a process for reasonable use exception when the implementation of environmentally critical areas regulations deprives a propert y owner of all reasonable use of their property. 9.2 WATER RESOURCES Water resources include: streams, lakes, frequently flooded areas, wetlands, aquifer recharge areas, and shorelines. The aquifers and aquifer recharge areas are thep6fftaf�-4 K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission \2 4-14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment source for-of the community's drinking water. The streams and wetlands are an essential part of the City's stormwater drainage system that provides necessary flood and erosion control. The lakes and shorelines provide fish and wildlife habitat and valued high quality places for recreation. To protect the value and function of each individual art feature, water resources must be managed as an integrated system. Use and modification of water resources and the surrounding terrestrial environment affects how the hydrologic cycle functions. The inappropriate alteration of water resources can cause detrimental impacts such as flooding, erosion, degradation of water quality, reduction in groundwater, and habitat loss. In order to minimize adverse impacts to water resources and to ensure their continued viability, the City promotes responsible land and water resource planning and use. Policies, regulations, and standards are identified in the City's Surface Water Management Comprehensive Plan. The City will permit development in a manner that is consistent with Endangered Species Act provisions, protects water quality, and ensures continued ecological and hydrologic functioning of water resources. Protection should include maintenance of stream base flows, allowance of natural water level fluctuations in wetlands, aquifer recharge, and stream corridor habitat preservation. Due to the limited capacity of the underlying aquifers and increased water demand, the City also encourages groundwater conservation measures. Go PJ K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc 1111111. - M11,1111111M.M., III big Now NO Go PJ K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment ♦y shall '.1 t ;F,. dr-ai, age t 't.,l t t� 2' �ic T .irnzrr�cir.rrrzrrii:vr- armcnr6c sr:TCCrii ccr�nccri= mrprvvcnxcFr. p ivJ °cctr� oto «t;,,., Idet ot«„F;t p etom lake and st, -o.,m «„ste -.,tte l > > and sha s ♦y shall '.1 t ;F,. dr-ai, age t 't.,l t t� 2' �ic T .irnzrr�cir.rrrzrrii:vr- armcnr6c sr:TCCrii ccr�nccri= mrprvvcnxcFr. p ivJ °cctr� oto «t;,,., Idet ot«„F;t p etom lake and st, -o.,m «„ste -.,tte l > > and sha K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc 0 OMW WIN P PORE "M w9efrarr.l. IN K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment • Wktei quality studies uia investigations. • eF- quality - Fc�v elua:lg °ifa reef m cFr x • ' ^ ciscivTTprv6Tarirs - (nicmuzxrg pro crniTCrvis). • Dr -esei atiea rehabilitation, and estd.r..ti,.« d.f yVe -fland s and str-ea s vpcx acxov and xxxaxaccxxmrcc -pxosx axxx, iixc:aQxxxsux: xxxvp�.ccx vrj .v. to e ..to ate.., nee d.f'«r:...,to dtr-am ge s . "to..." Y� � o • Capital p eets to "dtdtross id tentif:edt water d, i l:ty problems st "to and fedlo.-"1 " ,rfaee , "ter- quality pol ie y WIN Id 01 L'�WMWAW�PMI XWONTPWRI a K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Aquifer Recharge Areas (Groundwater) Federal Way is dependent on groundwater as a source of drinking water. Water from rainfall, snowmelt, lakes, streams, and wetland seeps into the ground and collects in porous areas of rock, sand, and gravel called aquifers. Aquifers hold varying amounts of groundwater that can be extracted or pumped for use. A'�e- Groundwater pumped from Lakehaven Utility District wells originates has p--eeufea watef ff °m othef its from €etw-three aquifer systems that underlie the City: the Redondo - Milton Channel Aquifer, the Intermediate Aquifer System (Mirror Lake AquifeF and Eastern Upland Aquifers), and the Fedefal Deep Aquifer, "—tee (Map IX-11, maps afe ,,,eared at the end of the ehapte f .,,,a , ° ° °a in 2007 as pa ft OPhe. 20-0-6 G.,,,,,p felie siye Plan A.,. °.,a..,en4s�. The locations of wells wellhead capture zones in relationship to the aquifer systems are shown on Map IX- 1 A. p ipitat -i . The Lakehaven Utility District notes that the precise extent of the aquifer recharge areas is uncertain. Typical activities associated with land development, such as clearing and grading, affects the natural hydrologic cycle. Historically, stormwater was managed in a way that conveyed it to natural water bodies as expediently as possible. A4-This type of management circumvents aetivities deer -e w° the land's ability to absorb and retain water and increases the possibility of contamination. In addition, the runoff after heavy precipation events to a°. -ifne tall.. a ff ,..:n,. aquifer- eeha,.°° pete tial ° °a n ne rate, a -d v°4tme has a deleterious effect on stream channels, water quality, and in- stream habitat. The fallowing PAIPPs address .:se.- r ehar-g° . ° and . ° eansistentwith the City's ell VMVPME M. ..y: Map IX-2, Areas Susceptible to Groundwater Contamination, is a map produced by the King County Department of Development and Environmental Services and Seattle -King County Health Department as a result of the study entitled Mapping Aquifer Susceptibility to Contamination in King County. This study looked at three criteria: soils, surface geology, and depth to groundwater. Based on these criteria, areas were mapped as low, medium, or high susceptibility to contamination from activities occurring in the area. This information is the best available at this time and will be used along with other information on streams, wetlands, and wildlife habitat to determine appropriate zoning. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update0anning Commission\24-14 Briefing0anning Commission Packet.doc FWCP— Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Goal NEG3 To protect and enhance aquifer recharge areas. Policies NEP198 The City, in cooperation with Lakehaven Utility District, should identify and map aquifer recharge areas within the City and its potential annexation area. Such areas shall be subject to regulations to protect the integrity of identified aquifer recharge areas. NEP2019LThe City should encourage the retention of surface water runoff in wetlands, regional retention facilities, an&detention ponds, and low impact development stormwater facilities, or use other similar stormwater management techniques to promote aquifer recharge. NEP240 The City should establish land use and building controls to use stormwater infiltration such as low impact development and green stormwater infrastructure techniques wherever feasible, and to minimize the amount of impervious surface created by development. NEP21 Encourage water reuse and reclamation for irrigation and other non - potable water needs. NEP22 While offering a contribution to groundwater recharge, the City recognizes that septic tank and drain field systems have a potentially adverse impact on groundwater quality within the aquifers. If adequate engineering solutions are available, the City may require connection to sanitary sewer service where poor soil conditions persist and/or sewer service is available. NEP23 The City will protect the quality and quantity of groundwater supplies by supporting water use conservation programs and adopting regulations to minimize water pollution. The effect of groundwater withdrawals and artificial recharge on streams, lakes, and wetlands within the Hylebos Creek and Lower Puget Sound drainage basins will be evaluated through coordination with the Lakehaven Utility District. Wellhead Protection Areas The City will take preventative measures to avoid contamination in areas surrounding well sites Rbecause residents of the Git relyies -rely on groundwater as a source for their drinking water_, the City mast take p o eatative Mt-a-asion-As .,.. „ :a .. , ; ..:. i °" sites. In °a The City and Lakehaven Utility District sheu -work cooperatively to implement the state's Wellhead Protection Program and Section 1428 of the 1986 Amendments to the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act, which generally requires mapping wellhead protection zones and establishing an interagency wellhead protection plan. The intent of the wellhead protection program is to be proactive and prevent contamination of groundwater used for drinking water. The objective of wellhead K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment protection is to protect the health of people using groundwater supplies for drinking water. This is accomplished by providing management zones around public wells or wellfields to detect and manage potential sources of groundwater contamination. Another goal of the program is to promote awareness of special efforts to protect the groundwater and urge customers to take a proactive approach to protecting the source of the City's drinking water. Map IX -3 maps wellhead protection areas around each of Lakehaven's 13 wells that provide drinking water to the area. The primary zones of wellhead protection are defined using a time of groundwater travel criteria. The three principal zones are delineated using one, five, and ten year time of travel factors. identified as posing .. high risk to the gf .,a....,to.- she- ld ., leak „ spill of ha.-ar.].,,,� OeeUr- Ofisite. Examples inelude eeFamereial gas stations, ear- repair shops, di=) ehefnieals of solvents. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc MW identified as posing .. high risk to the gf .,a....,to.- she- ld ., leak „ spill of ha.-ar.].,,,� OeeUr- Ofisite. Examples inelude eeFamereial gas stations, ear- repair shops, di=) ehefnieals of solvents. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc -Ipx,ilm ._ .._ nP IMP identified as posing .. high risk to the gf .,a....,to.- she- ld ., leak „ spill of ha.-ar.].,,,� OeeUr- Ofisite. Examples inelude eeFamereial gas stations, ear- repair shops, di=) ehefnieals of solvents. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP - Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Committee, ed by eurfent state g latie The following CAVP� ., d-City policies address wellhead protection. CAS(e) King County and groundwater- pun,eyer-s ineluding eities, speeial purpose Elistfiets, and others shouldioinfly: Goal NEG4 Implement a local wellhead protection program to ensure a safe source of drinking water and to avoid the large financial impact of contaminated wells. Policies NEP24 The City will continue to work in conjunction with lae l water- ptif-ve . Lakehaven Utility District to delineate Wellhead Protection Areas for each well and wellfield as required and outlined by the state's Wellhead Protection program. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Plannin Commission\: -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP25 The City will continue to work with water purveyors to model and map Wellhead Protection Areas, as funds are budgeted for such modeling and mapping. NEP26 The City will continue to work with wa4er- ptHweyers Lakehaven Utility District, through a process developed by a joint City /District Wellhead Protection Committee, to conduct an inventory of all potential sources of groundwater contamination within the Wellhead Protection Areas and assess the potential for contamination. NEP27 The City should establish an interagency Wellhead Protection Committee to coordinate and implement a Wellhead Protection Plan, as is required by current state regulations. NEP28 The City will work with water purveyors, through a process Figure 2 Joe's Creek Credit Dan Smith developed by a joint City /District Wellhead Protection Committee, to develop a contingency plan for the provisions of alternate drinking water supplies in the event of well or wellfield contamination, as funds are budgeted for such purpose. NEP29 The City should establish buffer zones of sufficient size to protect wellhead areas. Streams and Lakes (Surface Water) The City of Federal Way is located within the Hylebos Creek, Lower Puget Sound, Lower Green River. and Mill Creek drainage basins. These basins contain an integrated system of lakes and streams that provide a natural drainage system for over 36 square miles of southwest King County and northeast Pierce County (Map IX-4). Due to rapid urbanization, this natural system has been altered and in many areas no longer provides many of its original functions or habitats. The primary focus of the policies below-is to restore the natural functions that the City's lakes and streams once provided. Moreover, the ' 's policies below-acknowledge that it is more cost effective to restore the natural system than it is to construct a man -made equivalent. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission\2-4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Goal NEGS Protect, restore, and enhance the City s lakes and streams. Policies NEP30 The City will seek to work cooperatively with 14 ng and Pier-ee County Suffaee Water- Management DiN4siefls, the Puget settad Water- Quality Authority, Feeler• nd ethef affected regional and state agencies Viand tribes to implement water quality management strategies and to comply with Municipal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System regulations to address non -point pollution. Figure 3 Redondo Creek Credit ESA NEP31 Surface water management facilities that use natural streams and lakes for storage should ensure that those natural features are not adversely impacted by their inclusion in the City's surface water management system. NEP32 The City may regulate private development and public actions to protect water quality and to ensure adequate in -stream flow to protect fisheries, wildlife habitat, and recreation resources. NEP33 The City will seek to retain native vegetation within riparian corridors. New planting of vegetation with the approval from the City may be required where such revegetation will enhance the corridor's function. Consideration should be given to the removal of non - native invasive species. NEP34 Lakes should be protected and enhanced by proper management of water-sheds surface waters and shorelines, by improvements in water quality, removal of invasive plant species, encouraging native ative planting, limiting the use of fertilizers /pesticides or other chemicals, and by restoration of fish and wildlife habitat. I NEP35 The City should adopt stream definitions and water typing that are reflective of stream function and habitat. The water typing system should provide rg eater KACritical Areas Ordinance UpdateTlanning Commission\24-14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment protections for streams that are known to be used by salmon and streams that provide suitable habitat for salmon. In addition, the definitions should make a distinction between manmade conveyance systems and natural streams. NEP36 The City should continue to ve-suiet limit stream relocation projects, the placing of streams in culverts, and the crossing of streams for both public and private projects. Where applicable in stream corridors, the City should consider structures that are designed to promote fish migration and the propagation of wildlife habitat. NEP37 Continue to enforce 1?erosion control measures shall be used afty-work in or adjacent to stream or lake buffers. NEP38 Appropriate mitigation for detrimental impacts may be required for construction work within the buffer area associated with a stream for a lake. F�.-�e, tThe City should will continue to work in cooperation with the Department of Fish and Wildlife through the Hydraulic Project Approval permit process, as applicable, for all development proposals that involve streams.- and lakes. NEP39 Essential-flPublic facilities and utilities may cross lakes or streams where no other feasible alternative exists. The a .,bunt of intnuissio , _04-A14-Impacts to the resources should be the minimum necessary to complete the project and compensatory mitigation should be required for unavoidable impacts. NEP40 For public access lakes, the City will take a lead role to develop and implement proactive comprehensive watershed and lake management plans and policies that are needed to identify and anticipate problems and prevent further deterioration, which could lead to costly lake restoration efforts in the future. Lake management plans identify problems, recommend solutions, and outline plans for implementation. The City will take an administrative role in assisting residents on private lakes to setup and run Lake Management Districts for the implementation of lake management plans. Frequently Flooded Areas Frequently flooded areas are defined as , "...areas in the floodplain subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year including but not limited to, such areas as streams, lakes, and wetlands." Development in flood plains reduces the storage capacity and increases the amount of runoff. Increased runoff overtaxes both natural and man-made conveyance systems and leads to increased costs associated with the damage of-! public and private property. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP— Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Frequently flooded areas within the City are located along the Puget Sound shoreline and regulated by the Federal Way Shoreline Master Program (SMP). r Al2 Each r-isdi .tiefi� . ie ,.ula fieas « ff . (b) peli pr-event flew development And- edheaw_ and should e etiyel -Aetions ffem eausing signifieafit Rdwww jur-isdcriiet o ciivrr. Goal NEG6 To prevent the loss of life-ank property , and habitat in frequently flooded areas. Policies NEP41 New improvements should not be located in floodplains unless fullv mitieated via best building practices within areas of special flood hazard, shallow flooding, coastal high hazard and floodways. NEP42 Any approved construction should follow the mitigation recommendations of a Habitat Assessment report. NEP413 In frequently flooded areas, the City should restrict the rate and quantity of surface water runoff to pre - development levels for all new development and redevelopment, in accordance with the current adopted technical design manual requirements. NEP4-24 Where feasible, the City shall protect and enhance natural flood storage and conveyance function of streams, lakes, and wetlands. Wetlands Wetlands are valuable natural resources. There are several types of wetlands in the City and each plays a valuable role in the hydrological system. The various types of wetlands Ale-d—And-94ypes-include marshes, bogs, ponds, forested, lake - fringe and scrub -shrub _ids. By storing floodwaters, wetlands reduce flooding and down stream erosion; trap and absorb sediments; and help }- etec4- improve water quality by filtering pollutants. F 4heF om w3yetlands also discharge water to aquifers and streams aFA -which helps seFve-to replenish groundwater and maintain base flows of streams. Ja ShO14:rWetlands are productive biological systems providing fish- diverse habitat for fish and and important storage capacity for the hydrologic system. Federal Way has several regionally significant wetland areas. The largest can be found in and adjacent to the West Hylebos State Park, Dash Point State Park, Dumas Bay, and throughout Spring Valley. Other smaller wetlands also dot the landscape. While mesa a KACritical Areas Ordinance UpdateTlanning Commission\24-14 BriefingTianning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment The City has completed a general inventory of wetlands within the City limits and Potential Annexation Area (PAA). The inventory was used to help the City create policy and regulations that reflect local and regional conditions. The Citmay permit Figure 4 Forested Wetland. Credit ESA development that results in the destruction of wetlands if certain criteria are met. In these situations, compensatory wetland mitigation, such as wetland creation, restoration, enhancement, or payment into an in -lieu fee program must be provided. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc .. 1 ROM Wal K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP - Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Goal NEG7 Protect and enhance the functions and values of the City's wetlands. Policies NEP435 The City will protect its wetlands with an objective of no overall net -loss of functions or values. NEP46 Impacts to wetlands should be limited. All efforts should be made to use the following mitigation sequencing approach: avoid, minimize, rectify, reduce over time, compensate, and monitor. NEP47 Require buffers adjacent to wetlands to protect wetland function and values integral to healthy wetland ecosystems. Buffer requirements should be predictable and where allowances for buffer alterations are warranted, provide clear direction for mitigation, enhancement, and restoration. NEP48 Preserve wetland systems by maintaining native vegetation between nearby wetlands and between wetlands and nearby streams and other wildlife habitat areas. NEP449 The City will utilize the shall, as a minimum standard, use the fnethede ogy in the n,r.,, -,.w 1997 Washington State Wetlands identifieation and riot ;neat;,,,, Manual (Dep-R m-ent of E ,,,cagy Pubh ..,tion #96 " approved federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements as set forth in WAC 173 -22- 8800351 -m it: exists „ of'November- i 1999 or as subsequently amended for identification and delineations of wetlands. within the G t• NEP50 The City's wetland inventory will be updated when new delineations and ratings are submitted to the City_ NEP51 To meet Best Available Science requirements and for consistency with state guidelines, the city's wetland rating system should be based on the current Department of Ecology rating system. NEP452 The City will work with other jurisdictions, tribes, and citizen groups to establish wetland policies and a classification system for wetlands that allows for the designation of both regionally and locally unique wetlands. NEP4653 The City will work with the Lakehaven Utility District to evaluate pumping rates within the Hylebos Creek and Lower Puget Sound drainage basin to establish the effect of groundwater withdrawal on streams, lakes, and wetlands. NEP4754The City will avoid the use of natural wetlands for use as public stormwater facilities whenever possible. If the use of a natural wetland is unavoidable, the functions /values of that wetland should be replaced to the extent that they are KACritical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment lost. Spee ;"1 ear-e %ill he t.,l.en to avoid using more sensitive, n y..,h,.,hle ds f r- "t.,f rawate« management lx7etlM; ds; , „11 h- ea pr- ateGted f fE)I ., eneeJ e fie 1 poor- water , ,ty a e "rly more sensitive and al...,hle y .etl.,.y,l" .I/l.o... .etl. nds a used fer- st,..-mwa4ef p the .,te,yanee of these f edifies y .:11 fellow ,y «efulh, a ."h,.,te.l guidelines that meet the Faaintefiafiee need-s but m-iniffli-i-e the ifnpaet en the wetland. Do "te.• "t:.,., /e.,h ".,,ye.,,e.,t .,etivit :e" in .etl"y„ s; , .:11 .,1"„ fallow ,. r-ef,.11y. ,.,1,,.,ted ..,,id —a eUe, th.,t y .:11 e the he.,ef:ts t„ they ,etland ra v.ua � Boa„1.,tions goveming wetland is nt aetiv t;e" . .:11 pr-efaet-e —Aeativitites. U--L-- City will evaluate allowing the t1se a wetland buffer areas for- .y..,te.• „ alit., treatm-ent f- ..:l;ties ifieluding "t.., etea wetlands. The City should "h .,te the pl; .,t: Af , etl...,.a e ..,,1"tiens to " nst m f n- eted wetlands s dee,l in- the c ,,. -faee W r- to Mu.aurJe �. WAWA Goal NEG8 Explore ways of mitigating wetland loss. Policies NEP55 The City should consider a partnership with the King County Mitigation Reserves In -Lieu Fee program to provide additional options for offsite mitigation. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc > stieh as vvefland ereation, > enhaneefnent, must be provided. The Goal NEG8 Explore ways of mitigating wetland loss. Policies NEP55 The City should consider a partnership with the King County Mitigation Reserves In -Lieu Fee program to provide additional options for offsite mitigation. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP4956Mitigation sites should replace or augment the wetland values to be lost as a result of a development proposal. Sites should be chosen that would contribute to an existing wetland system or, if feasible, restore an area that was historically a wetland. I NEP507 All wetland functions should be considered in evaluating wetland mitigation proposals, including but not limited to fish and wildlife habitat, flood storage, water quality, recreation, and educational opportunities. NEP5-•8 The City will protect wetlands by filtration appet4unities and promoting the conservation of forest cover and native vegetation. NEP529 Wetlands created as a result of a surface or stormwater detention facility will not be considered wetlands for regulatory purposes. Shorelines The City ef Federal Way adopted the King Geunty Sher-eline Management Pfegfaffl pian and was developed in eamplianee with the stat-R'S ShAffeline-s Management, The City's Shorelines of the State as identified by the Shoreline Management Act (SMA) within city limits include Puget Sound, Steel Lake, North Lake and the incorporated Figure 5 SNIP regulations are in effect for areas within 200' of Puget Sound and listed lakes greater than 20 acres. Critical Area regulations are implemented for areas outside of the 200' SMP overlay. Graphic credit ESA K:Tritical Areas Ordinance UpdateTlanning Cornmission\2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment portion of Lake Killarney. Shorelines of the State within the City's potential annexation area include the south portion of Lake Killarney, Star Lake, Lake Dolloff, Lake Geneva, and Five Mile Lake. Shorelines of the State also include the upland or shorelands that generally extend 200 -feet landward from the edge of these waters and any wetlands associated with such waters. community > > and the peliey Stai4ing in > the City vver4ed with the peblie, stakeholder-s, teehnie.-Al -Advisaffs, state ° and the tribe to develop updated crap The updated Federal Way SAAR ub� n ° , aft Shoreline Master Program (see FWCP Chanter 11). with its own environmentallv - related goals and policies was adopted in 2011 following review and approval from the Washington State Department of Ecology. The regulations were incorporated into Federal Way Revised Code Title 15. Policy NEP�60 The City should Klceep abreast of proposed changes to the state's Shoreline Management Act Rregulations and amend the City's master P- program in order to reserve the shoreline for preferred uses, protect shoreline natural resources against adverse effects, and promote public access to publically owned areas. e.,l,. nee the sher-elifie and preteet s.,1..,o -An .,41, °r tl,.- °� + °„ °,t A ;;aAf19eFe 9.3 GEOLOGIC HAZARDOUS AREAS Geologically hazardous areas include: steep slope hazard, landslide hazard, aftd erosion hazard, and seismic hazard (liquefaction - prone) areas. WAC 365-195 200 ;196- 200(10) defines geographically hazardous areas as, "...areas that because of their susceptibility to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geological events, are not suited to siting of commercial, residential, or industrial development consistent with public health or safety concerns." r., r•°a°r- ' Way, Most geologically hazardous areas have been mapped oaf near the Puget Sound shoreline and within Faare li fasted °_° ° ;;A-# . of Steel r ak-L,stream corridors. and west and s ..th of Hylebes State n,, -k (Map IX-5). KACritical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment the resin* of improper t° ..Fads.,.. and , ffstizaetion r etiees and high j"Alum-es; -of v-Rinfa-11. Hewever-, there are small areas of the City wher-e the soils are so T these soils to dist.,rl.. nee - M-77- wl ...... The following C;WPD and the -city policies address protection of geologically hazardous areas. Goal NEG9 Adept standards4miplement applicable development regulations to ensure against the loss of both public and private property in geologically hazardous areas. Policies NEP-5461 Land uses on steep slopes -in geologically hazardous areas should be designed to prevent property damage and environmental degradation, and to enhance open space and wildlife habitat. NEP62 Require appropriate levels of professional study and analysis for proposed construction within geologically hazardous areas. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 4-14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc NO Am .. If M-0 Goal NEG9 Adept standards4miplement applicable development regulations to ensure against the loss of both public and private property in geologically hazardous areas. Policies NEP-5461 Land uses on steep slopes -in geologically hazardous areas should be designed to prevent property damage and environmental degradation, and to enhance open space and wildlife habitat. NEP62 Require appropriate levels of professional study and analysis for proposed construction within geologically hazardous areas. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 4-14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP— Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP -563 As slope increases, development intensity, site coverage, and vegetation removal should decrease and thereby minimize drainage problems, soil erosion, siltation, and landslides. Slopes of 40 percent or more should be retained in a natural state, free of structures and other land surface modifications. NEP-64 Limit disturbances in Qandslide hazard areas. sheuld be c °° ofdevelopm mess the finks .,.,,1 .,,t.,e se ;„,pact.... .,te,l . ,;tl, s ,,.1, deyelepine„t „ n be r- educed to ° negligible leve . Establish setbacks around the perimeter of landslide hazard areas to avoid risks to life safety and property damage. NEP65 Utilize erosion control best practices in erosion hazard areas during construction and the site's ultimate use. NEP66 Promote soil stability by retaining vegetation in geologically hazardous areas. NEP-57-67 Prior to development in severe seismic hazard areas, the City may require special studies to evaluate seismic risks and to identify appropriate measures to reduce these risks. In areas with severe seismic hazards, special building design and construction measures should be used to minimize the risk of structural damage, fire, and injury to occupants, and to prevent post- seismic collapse. speeial studies to PAM114ntiaseismie risks and to identify 1sur-es to reduce these .•:ski NEP;59 The should develop 1 1 tions that d -dr-e� t t: rn° c- c- rcT; mv' c' cr�a° cvezi�p- Spec�rurrc6mucronscrmrcx�xco� cvix�ci dcczv=i v=i yr hltt4 of Puget Sound. Regulations should take :.,t„ ev -side •.,t:,,.. neaf marine 1 *!! NEP64,8 Development along marine bluffs should take into consideration the unique habitat these areas provide by leaving as much native vegetation intact as possible, especially snags and mature trees. 9.4 FISF AND WILDLIFE HABITAT CONSERVATION AREAS Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas _Ar-° eVen-s:,1 °r °a ,.wt:,. °t -A are necessary for eithef-both resident and animal or- seasonal migratory animal species.. T es , t,..t-:t t ° Lew t.- °«,i °t..: mp ,,.•tant ....,1 i f a!t°.•°,] may red tie ° the tike talus, and wetlands Map IX- 6).These areas include: K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment • Areas with which endangered, threatened, sensitive, and candidate species have a primary association; • Habitats and species with local importance; • Kelp and eelgrass beds; • Herring, surf smelt, and sand lance spawning areas; • Naturally occurring ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat; and • Waters of the state Significant habitat also exists in wetland, and- riparian comdors, areas and on steep slopes that are privately owned, but protected by development regulations. Linking public and private natxral-habitat areas can provide food, shelter, and migration corridors for a healthy and sustainable population of salmon, songbirds, and other species. Urban landscaping, parks, Figure 6 Hylebos Creek Fish Ladder. Credit Dan Smith and open space are valuable supplelrlexts- complements to natural areas in terms of providing habitat for a wide variety of wildlife. The loss of natural wildlife habitat to urban development can be partially offset by landscaping that includes a variety of native plants, which could provide fa-R--d- -and sheakew -"- , 41d -li f habitat. Thfough the f 11.., ing goals Federal Way sots out to e " " eteet ester -e «.7 enhanee Fish and wildlife, h- abitat ffeeas- GA8 develop regulations that: a) Pr-emote their- pr-eteetien and proper management; and h\ integrate native plant " «,7 yVil 7160 , ith other- land uses who re possible. ELM 4.,t„ .,1 dr- o ineluding habitat be maintained systems and enh" ed to « oteet asseeiated and she water qtiality, 0. eee ,.,,h1:,, el: a shall east. pr-ateet fish and Aildli r o f habitat, abitat and 0 „t o «tal degradation. iu -isdi .tlefis d.- ., : «.,- ,mot "..," which : ,.hide p s t.,: a) D, -„teet the «"t „ " "1 hyd -aulie and 0 „1„ "1 fit-me-4ons ,-Fdrainage systems, maintain and " «h-a e. fish «.7 K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment G'A 11 The Washington State Tl.,...,.-tment of'Fish°.-: °n .,a \il:ld -life and the T,,.1:�„ Tribes both manage fish and wildlife r Tom..wey 1eeal g ents have a tT erity for land , r-egulation. T,,.-:sdietions shall .,.-.1:,, °t° land use and the f ,1e fatly F °,1 Tribes-. Goal NEG10 Preserve, protect, and enhance fish and wildlife habitat. Policies NEP629 As feasible, the City will conduct studies needed to identify and map critical fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas and may re- evaluate existing regulations for the protection of these areas. NEP6-470The City should manage aquatic and riparian (stream side) habitat in a way that minimizes its alteration in order to preserve and enhance its ability to sustain fish and wildlife. NEP647lThe City should preserve and enhance native vegetation in riparian habitat wherever possible. NEP6572The City should encourage residents and businesses to use native plants in residential and commercial landscaping. NEP6673The City should protect wildlife corridors in tie -City owned open space wher-° app-opfia4° These areas should use native plants that support native species of birds and animals wher-° °^~r-°~ ~°t° NEP74 Support community and non - profit efforts to restore fish and wildlife conservation areas with native vegetation. NEP75 As feasible, continue the property acquisition pro>?.ram in Spring Valley which not only provides natural flood storage but also preserves wildlife habitat and provides corridors for their movement. NEP67§--As feasible, the City will adopt and implement fish habitat conservation plans for the salmon runs in the Hylebos drainage, Lakota Creek, Joe's Creek, and K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP— Chapter Nine, Natural Environment 9.5 any other identified salmon streams. These plans will include recommendations for improvements to the riparian corridor and provisions for adequate buffers adjacent to all proposed development. NEP6877The City should encourage informational and educational programs and activities dealing with the protection of wildlife. An example of such a program is the Backyard Wildlife Sanctuary program established by the state's Department of Fish and Wildlife. NEP78_ Minimize overhead lighting that would shine on the water surface of the City's streams, lakes, and marine waters. NEP79 Minimize and manage ambient light levels to protect the integrity of ecological systems tems and public health without compromising public safety. Pr The Citv benefits in maintaining its urban tree canopv bv: • Stabilizing and enriching soil; • Improving air and water quality • Protecting fish and wildlife habitat; • Reducing the impacts of stormwater runoff; • Mitigating the heat island effect; and • Enhancing the economic value of new and existing evelopment. NEG1 l To preserve and enhance the City's physical and aesthetic character by incentiviziniz the preservation of mature trees and preventing untimely and indiscriminate removal or destruction of trees. NEP80 Continue to implement the tree densitv standards within the Clearing. Gradin and Tree and Vegetation Retention code. NEP81 Provide greater tree density credits for retained mature trees. NEP82 Encourage minimal modification of trees within environmentally critical areas and their buffers. NEP83 Encourage preserving forested areas within tracts and Native Growth Protection Easements when subdividing land. NEP84 Support voluntary tree planting programs. KACritical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\2 -4 -14 BriefingTianning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP85 Discourage the he topping of healthy trees. Instead, encourage the benefits of sustainable pruning practices and "window pruning" in view corridors. 9.56 AIRIQUALITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE Air- quality, enee a pr-ebleffi for- ether- fegions of the UnAed States, is new a fiiajer- problem in the Paeifie Nerthwest. The pr-esen,atien ef elean air- is essential tE) Maintaining the quality 0 life enjeyed in his -egie« Air- pel letien in the Puget Setin,l Region is the result e f iner -eased °hiel° ns 1 ..:1„ f „ «.l t... ek Therefore, i f this geing t., r-eselve fegien its ° uo l:.i ...u: ..11.,t:..« «..,,L,1 °«. :t .,,, ,st deye1„« ., °FF,..ient and less auto E «r °.l tr-anspeftation s),ste • Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are resulting in a changing climate. Human activities such as burnin;; fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transportation are responsible for a significant portion to the increase in greenhouse gases. According to Puget Sound Regional Council's Planning for Whole Communities Toolkit, a warming _climate is expected to impact the availability of basic necessities like fresh water, food and energy. Climate change is also likely to have an impact on human health, particularly for sensitive populations such as the elderly, those with respiratory ailments, and young children, from increases in extreme heat events, forest fires, and increased summer air pollution. An increase in rates of heat - related illnesses, respiratory illness, and infectious disease is also likely. Ptiget c ;etin l Regional Goun,.:1 shall deye1,,,....,.keies °ti,adel, oes and Pokey Goal NEG1472 Promote land use patterns and transportation systems that minimize air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Policies NEP686 Support state and federal air quality standards and the regulation of activities that emit air pollutants. NEP87 Utilize building design, construction, and technology techniques to mitigate the negative effects of air pollution on indoor air quality for uses near sources of pollution such as Interstate -5. KACritical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP— Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP7088Encourage transportation demand management and alternatives to the single occupancy vehicle in order to reduce energy consumption, air, and water pollution. NEP89 Educate residents about air quality impacts associated with vehicle usage, alternative modes of transportation and alternative fuels. NEP90 Encourage compact growth in the City Center and other mixed -use zones that supp<)rt mass transit, encourage non - motorized modes of travel and reduce trip lengfl s. NEP91 Facilitate modes of travel such as bicycling and walking by implementing the recommendations of the Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan as adopted by reference. NEP92 Regulate new development to ensure new blocks encourage walkability and maximize connectivity and route choice. Create reasonable block lengths to encourage more walking and physical activity. NEP93 Require the continuation of the street network between adjacent development projects to promote walkability and allow easier access for emergency vehicles. NEP94 Conduct City operations and institutionalize practices that reduce municipal rg eenhouse gas emissions and lead the community in reducing GHG emissions. NEP95 Implement a program to install the latest energy- efficient technologies for street and parkin lot of lights as funding becomes available. NEP96 Assist and encourage new development to meet criteria of green building certification or credentials through established programs such as LEED and Energy tar• NEP97 Consider upgrading the City government fleet to vehicles that have a lower carbon footprint or are more fuel efficient. NEP98 Inconjorate climate change considerations into City comprehensive and operational plans. 947 NOISE Noise pollution can be harmful to the general public's health and welfare and has adversely affected the livability and comfort of neighborhoods within the City of Federal Way. Noise is primarily generated by: air traffic from Seattle - Tacoma International Airport (SeaTac); vehicle traffic; and construction activities. The City will need to continue its efforts at the regional and state level to mitigate the impacts associated with the SeaTac Airport. K:\Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment Goal NEG123 Develop programs and /or regulations to address noise pollution in all areas of the City. Policies NEP -7199 -The City should develop and adopt construction standards to mitigate noise generated by SeaTac Airport and Interstate 5, as well as other major arterials. NEP100 Provide noise reduction and mitigation measures to reduce the noise and visual impacts of Interstate 5 and arterials on residential areas. Ensure the Washington State Department of Transportation provides appropriate levels of noise suppression when improving state highways. NEP72101 The City will evaluate potential noise impacts associated with non - residential uses and activities located in residential areas as part of the site plan review process. The City may adopt naise level stanaaMs for- all . residential uses. NEP74102 The City wi44 should continue to work in concert with the Puget Sound Regional Council, Regional Commission on Airport Affairs, and the Airport Communities Coalition, or their successors or other entities, to resolve problems associated with the proposed xpansion of SeaTac Airport. NEP75103 -In developing new roadway systems, the City will evaluate the noise impact on residential neighborhoods as appropriate in, or through, residential areas. 9.7-8 OPON SPACE Trails and open space corridors form linkages between and within neighborhoods, commercial areas, and neighboring jurisdictions. Open space corridors also provide wildlife habitat, recreation areas, as well as visual and physical separation between land uses. In order to achieve an effective open space system, the City will work cooperatively with surrounding jurisdictions to construct a network of open space. Open space can include: environmentally sensitive areas, forests, pasture land, lakes, and waterways. Areas identified as open space in the Comprehensive Parks Plan may be purchased or otherwise protected from development by the City. KACritical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing\Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine. Natural Environment Figure 7 West Hylebos Wetland Park. Credit Dan Smith Goal NEG134 Develop sera contiguous open space network throughout the City and with adjacent jurisdictions. Policies EP76104 Open space is-a provides important as- wildlife habitat corridors and should be linked with other designated regional and state open space systems. :a°�Q in the King Getinty Open Spaise Plan. NEP105 Preserve and restore habitat connections and tree canopy to link stream corridors, geologically hazardous areas, floodplains, wetlands, and critical habitat sites into a system of habitat corridors. This provides connections for wildlife, supports biodiversity, improves water quality, reduces risks due to flooding and landslides, and supports the City's adaptation to climate change. �1EPW106 The City should identify an open space plan ao evelop aprocedure pr-egraffl to acquire or accept donations of 4ww -high value areas for preservation. EP-78107 The City should consider innovative ways of acquiring property for open space such as transfer of development rights and development incentives for set asides. NEP108 Incorporate crime prevention through environmental design into the design process for parks, open space, and trails. K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update\Planning Commission \2 -4 -14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc FWCP — Chapter Nine, Natural Environment NEP109 Create methods and opportunities that encourage residents to monitor and report vandalism or criminal activity pen space areas, parks, and trails. ._ K: \Critical Areas Ordinance Update \Planning Commission\24-14 Briefing \Planning Commission Packet.doc r X s cu ✓? Q d .0 !J /1 W •�. V) N Q w c U N m `c a ca L N m m t A d O U = cu c o cC N cu Q s y LL cr co L ca `—° •c O _ li a a O W v oU. ELL c � l Z� CL r — m m Q y r an 4 t.. 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