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2019-01-10 Packet - Legislative Breakfast ACITY OF , Federal Way CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING AGENDA WITH 30TH DISTRICT STATE LEGISLATORS Federal Way Community Center— Breakout Room C 333rd — Federal 876 S. StreetWay, WA 98003 January 10, 2019 8:00 a.m. 1. Welcome and Introductions - Mayor Ferrell 2. Legislators' Goals • Senator-Elect Claire Wilson • Representative Kristine Reeves • Representative Mike Pellicciotti 3. Discussion of Priorities for the 2019 Legislative Session a. Education (Deputy Mayor Honda and Councilmember Johnson) Invite Dr. Campbell and School Board members to discussion b. Crime and Public Safety(Councilmembers Johnson and Koppang) Staff support:Police Chief Andy Hwang, Parks Director John Hutton, Community Development Director Brian Davis, Community Services Manager Jeff Watson, Senior Policy Advisor Yarden F. Weidenfeld c. Homelessness (Deputy Mayor Honda and Councilmember Moore) Staff support: Community Development Director Brian Davis, Community Services Manager Jeff Watson, Parks Director John Hutton, Public Works Director E.J. Walsh, IT Manager Thomas Fichtner, Senior Policy Advisor Yarden F. Weidenfeld d. Transportation (Councilmembers Koppang and Tran) Staff Support:Public Works Director E.J. Walsh e. Aircraft Issues (Councilmembers Assefa-Dawson and Duclos) Staff Support: Senior Policy Advisor Yarden F. Weidenfeld f. Economic Development(Councilmembers Assefa-Dawson and Duclos) Staff Support:Economic Development Director Tim Johnson and Public Works Director E.J. Walsh g. Land Acquisition (Councilmembers Moore and Tran) Staff support: Public Works Director E.J. Walsh, Senior Policy Advisor Yarden F. Weidenfeld 4. Wrap-Up and Adjournment CIT Federal Way State � 111.1111111111.1. Legislative Priorities Economic Development • The impact of Light Rail upon Federal Way: • Support for Engrossed Substitute HB 2914 Impacts and Opportunities of Being End of that would Line During South Sound Expansion: • Increase public awareness about proper In cooperation with the University of Washington management of solid waste Department of Urban Design and Planning, we are • Direct Department of Commerce to perform requesting $216,000 over four years(2019-2022)for a economic analysis of recycling twelve-quarter project examining the extensive nature I ir of the construction of the new Federal Way LINK Light �� Rail Station and subsequent related r— economic development opportunities. S TOUNDTRANSIT Transportation • • • Possible Transportation Funding Priorities: • Fund at$50 million: • Extension of sidewalks on South 312th • City Center Access Project that would improve Street from Steel Lake Park going west access across and to I-5 from the planned urban • Integration of Phases III and IV of the center of Federal Way's City Center area Adaptive Traffic Control System (South • South 324th Street Extension that would provide 312th Street,Southwest Campus Drive,and multi-modal access to and across 1-5 First Avenue South) • Fund at$20 million: • Construction of sidewalk on South 336th • Improvements to the Southwest 336th-Southwest Street between SR 99, Pacific Highway 340th Corridor, including a roundabout at South and 20th Avenue South Southwest 340th Street and Hoyt Road Southwest • Construction of a southbound auxiliary lane • Widening of South 356th between 1st Avenue between South 344th Street and South 348th South and SR-99(Pacific Highway South) Street along 16th Avenue South • Fund at$5 million: • Fund at$1 million: • Improvements to SR 509(South Dash Point Road) • Traffic Improvements to SR-509(South Dash Point between 16th Avenue South and 9th Place South Road),including left-turn lanes,roundabouts,or a combination, at the following locations(each an • Construction of roundabout at State Route individual project at this funding level): 99 (Pacific Highway South) and South 373rd • Street and Extension of 1st Avenue South to the 4th Avenue South roundabout • Southwest 301st Street • Project to increase circulation and traffic capacity • 12th Avenue Southwest in downtown Federal Way through: • Construction of a signal at 21st Avenue South and • Reconstruction of South 314th Street South 320th Street and integration into adaptive between Pete von Reichbauer Way South traffic management system and 23rd Avenue South Yarden Weidenfeld, Senior Policy Advisor, Mayor's Office Phone: 253.835.2420 Email: Yarden.Weidenfeld@cityoffederalway.com Address: 33325 8th Ave. South, Federal Way, WA 98003 ALCITY OF Federal Way State . . . . . . .. .. Legislative Priorities Education Crime and Public Safety The City of Federal Way is one hundred percent committed • Additional funding for police academy for more academy to the legislative agenda of the Federal Way Public classes to address the shortage of entry-level officers Schools (FWPS). Their issues are our issues. In particular, • $80,000 for a work crew program in Federal Way we support: Recommendations of Federal Way Violence Prevention • Increased Local Effort Assistance(LEA)to provide $2,500 Coalition Steering Committee(VPCSC): per student • Creation of true labor market regions to calculate funding • $200,000 to launch a Resource Center for Youth in Federal Way on the lines of the Reach Center in Tacoma for regionalization • Increase to Special Education multiplier to cover full costs of • $150,000 to fund more after-school programs for youth in Federal Way special education • Increased funded units in the funding model for safety • $100,000 to fund youth substance abuse treatment in Federal Way and security • Fair funding for School Employees • $80,000 to fund a dedicated staff person to oversee violence prevention efforts Benefit Board(SEBB)participation AM Homelessness • $100,000 to provide sheltering for homeless families with children in Federal Way Aircraft Issues • $50,000 to partner with a local non-profit on a trial • Fund "second phase"of University of Washington study on program whereby "panhandlers" and others experiencing homelessness would be paid an hourly wage to work on ultra-fine particles(UFPs)that would examine their health city improvement projects, such as has been successfully impacts implemented in Albuquerque,New Mexico • Amend RCW 53.54 to enlarge the distance from a runway • $150,000 to support a comprehensive and regularly within which port districts are authorized to operate airport updated online website where local/regional services noise abatement programs from six to twelve miles (HB available to those in need can be easily found 2497 sponsored by Rep. Pellicciotti in the 2018 session) • $80,000 to fund a dedicated staff person for a community • Reject changes (other than deadline for final study) coordinated response collaborative group to to budget proviso that funded Sea-Tac Airport local be charged with coordinating and maximizing community impacts study services and positive outcomes for people 114 • Implement the recommendations of the recently completed experiencing homelessness. Washington State Legislature Joint Transportation Committee Air Cargo Movement Study. Land Acquisition • $1,000,000 for land acquisition west of North Lake on Former Weyerhaeuser Campus Yarden Weidenfeld, Senior Policy Advisor,Mayor's Office Phone: 253.835.2420 Email: Yarden.Weidenfeld@cityoffederalway.com Address: 33325 8th Ave. South, Federal Way, WA 98003 Federal Way Public Schools Legislative Priorities 2019 Federal Way Public Schools ranks #1 as the most diverse district in Washington state, and the fifth most diverse district in the nation. With this diversity comes opportunity, as well as a need for equitable resources. Adequate, equitable funding is critical to attract and retain the best and the brightest staff and to provide safe and supportive learning environments, so our student-scholars can learn at the highest levels. However, significant funding gaps are putting our district at a disadvantage,jeopardizing critical programs and support, and creating an obstacle for closing the opportunity gap. To ensure Federal Way Public Schools scholars are ready for college, career and the workforce, these are FWPS'top legislative priorities: BUDGETARY IMPACTS 0 Increase Local Effort Assistance (LEA) Levies are a core component of community The disparity in property values and Local Increase Local Effort support for schools and provide an Effort Assistances negatively impacts Assistance to provide opportunity for communities to fund their FWPS by $22 million. $2,500 per student. priorities and affirm their support for Levy equalization is an important education. component of the local levy system as The current system guarantees a floor it provides both property tax relief and of$1,500 per student while allowing mitigates the effect that above-average other school districts to collect $2,500 property tax rates have on districts' per student.This creates inequitable ability to raise local revenues. opportunities for students attending one One example of unequal access to district to the next, and creates an unfair educational opportunities can be found system where zip code is a predictor of at middle schools, where each middle success. school, serving an average of almost 700 Increasing LEA to ensure districts can students each, has only one counselor. collect $2500 per student will ensure ALL More LEA funding would allow us to add Washington state students have equitable a counselor at each of our seven middle access to educational opportunities. schools at an estimated additional cost of $1.1 million. GI Mitigate Regionalization Formula Inequities A labor market is not defined by a school The disparity in local property values as a Create true labor district's boundaries. The regionalization basis for"regionalization"leaves FWPS market regions for discrepancies between neighboring short at least $10 million compared to calculating funding districts needs to be addressed. The other King County school districts. for regionalization. At current regionalization model needs to a minimum this should address actual labor markets such as the be reflective of county Everett-Seattle-Tacoma labor market. boundaries. The current system creates a significant disadvantage for districts to attract and retain teachers. FEDERAL WAY PUBLIC SCHOOLS Casa$[Mlar:P wce A AlMIGIR Ncre. BUDGETARY IMPACTS el Fully Fund Special Education The current funding model does not The unfunded educational Statewide education funding cover the full cost of special education needs of students receiving needs to be increased to services. special designed instruction total recognize the true costs of Fully fund the cost of providing special $5 million in 2018-19, and is specially designed instruction. designed instruction for students with paid for with local levy funds — Increase the Special Education special needs without imposing an which are supposed to only be multiplier to an amount artificial cap. Services should maximize used for enrichment. adequate to cover the full costs assistance to children rather than to their of special education. various categorizations and assessments. Provide Adequate Safety & Security Funding to Our Schools The current funding model does not The current prototypical funding Increase funded units in the provide adequate staffing for safety and model generates only 4.126 prototypical funding model as security needs at our schools, which has to FTE for a district with 39 school follows: be supplemented through some of our levy locations. Without local levy Elementary: From .079 to 1.989 dollars. "enrichment"dollars, this means to provide one officer for every a state-funded security officer four elementary schools. is only in a school once every seven days. Middle School: From .092 to .924 to provide one campus security In FWPS our school security officer for each location. costs total $1.725 Million, however state funding only High School: From .141 to 1.061 covers about $235,000 of to provide two officers for each those costs. We hire five School high school. Resource Officers for a cost This would cover the cost of $525,000 and have an additional uniformed police officers and 13 campus safety officers for an generate an additional $1.5 additional cost of$1.2 million. million to more adequately address school security and safety Fair Funding for SEBB Participation needs. The creation of a School Employees Benefit The SEBB has passed resolutions Benefit dollars no longer need Board (SEBB) to manage health care for the to make health care eligibility to flow to local school districts. thousands of school employees is laudable. mandatory at 630 hours a The SEBB should receive dollars However, the eligibility and payment design year — or .3 FTE. Additionally earmarked for districts and are not based on the prototypical funding premium payments are due for design a program to live model, creating a new unfunded local EACH employee. However, within those resources. cost. state funding only provides Alternatively, the prototypical health care funding in FTE funding model needs to increments, creating a $3 recognize a different eligibility million underfunding. threshold and fund on head count rather than FTE. TO: Mayor Ferrell, Chief Hwang, Ade, Marwan, EJ, John, and Bill CC: Kathy, Ryan, Mark, Susanne, Tim, and Tyler FROM: Yarden F. Weidenfeld RE: Community Out-Of-Custody Work Crew CURRENT SITUATION: Right now, the City of Federal Way Municipal Court does sentence people to out-of-custody work crew in lieu of or in addition to jail time. This program is managed by the Washington State Department of Corrections (DOC), which is paid $15 per day by the Police Jail budget for each worker. The Court does not use work crew in lieu of fines, though it could do so. The only drawback is that since we do not have a contract with DOC (at a cost of$60,000 to $80,000), no work is done in Federal Way. Other than that, the current program is fine. OPTIONS TO GET WORK CREW PROJECTS DONE IN FEDERAL WAY: 1. Engage in contract with DOC at a cost of$60,000 to $80,000 OR 2. Run program ourselves, requiring the following: a. Supervisor i. Paid City employee OR ii. Paid contract with non-profit service agency(e.g. MSC) OR iii. Volunteer recruited from 1. Chief Hwang's shopping cart pick-up volunteers OR 2. A non-profit that raises money such as Rotary or Kiwanis OR 3. Other? b. If any supervisor other than City employee, still need City employee to direct where projects are needed, etc. Could be from i. Municipal Court probation OR ii. Public Works OR iii. Parks c. Equipment i. Vans ii. Port-a-Potty with trailer iii. Tools and accessories (e.g. gloves,bags, grabbers) iv. Reflective vests with"City of Federal Way Work Crew"printed d. Road signs advertising areas cleaned by Federal Way Work Crew(optional) COMMENTS: 1. Program could not work on homeless encampments since they need specially trained people and special equipment. 2. This program entails similar issues as the"Albuquerque Program"to employ panhandlers examined earlier this year, except that community out-of-custody work crew would be significantly cheaper since the workers would not be paid. 3. To explore Option 2, we need someone (me? Bill? Other?) to further explore feasibility, locate potential volunteers, form draft budget, etc. A Path Forward to Implementation of the VPCSC Recommendations How We Got Here In May of 2016 Federal Way was rocked by three murders that occurred within 48 hours. With the understandable fear and outrage felt by the community, the need to do something to address violence in Federal Way became a high priority. Rather than being reactionary in their response and "just doing something," the City Council and Mayor saw wisdom is utilizing the expertise that exists within the community to gain understanding of the underlying issues that led to the violence we experienced, with the aim of identifying sustainable long-term solutions. It was from this beginning that the Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee was formed. The formation of the Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee was unanimously approved by the Federal Way City Council. Based on Council approval, a call for volunteers to serve on the newly approved VPCSC was made by Mayor Jim Ferrell. Applications were accepted by the city, reviewed by the staff and Mayor,and appointments were made. The VPCSC was comprised of a diverse group of concerned individuals that live or work in Federal Way. They were joined by Federal Way Police Chief Andy Hwang, Federal Way School District Superintendent Dr. Tammy Campbell and Assistant Superintendent Dr. Dani Pfeiffer. The mission of the Steering Committee was to complete a comprehensive survey of the occurrences of violence within Federal Way to identify root causes. With the identification of root causes, the committee then discussed potential solutions as well as community partners that could aid in addressing the root causes of violence. The VPCSC completed their service to the City when they submitted their report detailing the nature of the challenge, how to approach it, and recommendations for council consideration and potential implementation. The Federal Way City Council and Mayor were pleased to receive the completed report in April of 2017 after seven months of dedicated work by the VPC Steering Committee.The Federal Way City Council and Mayor, along with the citizens of Federal Way, are indebted to the VPC Steering Committee volunteers for their committed and thoughtful service to the City and surrounding community. VPC Steering Committee Recommendations After extensive research, the VPC Steering Committee reached the conclusion that the majority of violence in our City occurred in the youth and young adult communities. Based on this, the VPCSC made the following recommendations to reduce violence: 1. Bystander awareness training. 2. Expansion of restorative justice practices. 3. Promotion of safe gun storage practices. 4. Expansion of youth mentorship programs. 5. Establishment of a one-stop resource center for at risk youth and young adults. 6. Establishment of after school programs. 7. Expanded social/emotional training for youth, young adults, and families. 8. Establishment of a program in Federal Way to address youth and young adult substance abuse. 9. Establishment of a youth employment program. 10. A city of Federal Way staff position to facilitate implementation of these recommendations. Next Steps With the completion of the VPC Steering Committee report the question they asked was"what's next?" The first step was for the City Council Parks & Recreation, Human Services, and Public Safety Committee (PRHSPS) to review the recommendations. The Committee began its review in the May 2017 and completed it during the June 2017 meeting. The next step was for the PRHSPS committee to vote on forwarding all, or a portion, of the ten recommendations to the full council for further discussion and potential implementation.This vote was taken at the August 23,2017 PRHSPS special meeting. Potential Implementation Path Based on the PRHSPS Committee evaluation and staff feedback, some, of the VPCSC recommendations could potentially be impTemented by the City independently or are already in process of being implemented, It was also clear during this evaluation process that a portion of the VPCSC recommendations would require significant additional City resources and collaboration with community partners,the School District, King County and Washington State may also be necessary. Based on staff feedback and Committee review, the PRHSPS Committee concluded that the following recommendations could be, or are being, implemented without significant additional City resources being required: 1. Recommendation 1: Bystander Awareness. The "Green Dot" bystander awareness training provided by DAWN would provide valuable citizen awareness and would require minimal time, effort and resources from the city to implement. 2. Recommendation 2: Expansion of restorative justice practices. The City Municipal Court has taken great steps forward in implementation of restorative justice practices in their sentencing. 3. Recommendation 3: Promotion of safe gun storage and practices. The Police Department has identified retail partners in the city willing to offer gun safes at discounted rates and could launch an accompanying public service campaign. 4. Recommendation 4: Expansion of youth mentorship programs. Members of the City Staff have already demonstrated a commitment to mentor students, and the City could continue to encourage and support the volunteer mentorship efforts of the City staff,which are done on a voluntary basis. 5. Recommendation 6: Establishment of after-school programs. In collaboration with the School District, the Community Center Staff created an afterschool program at the Community Center for FWPS students. The program is scheduled to begin in September of 2017. The remainder of the VPCSC recommendations would require significantly more resources, time, and additional staff to implement. Collaboration with the School District and/or community partners would also be essential.They are as follows: 1. Recommendation 5: Establishment of a one-stop resource center. 2. Recommendation 7: Expanded social/emotional training. 3. Recommendation 8: Establishment of a program to address youth and young adult substance abuse. 4. Recommendation 9: Establishment of a youth employment program. 5. Recommendation 10: Additional City staff to support implementation of the VPCSC recommendations. ice` ‘.. •, fir' • N4it ' I. } . � y 1,..(04....,a. _ 4. h 4 i iii 4, CITY Of Federal Way -- Federal Way Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee Report to the Mayor and City Council CITY OF Federal Way The vision of the Federal Way VPCSC is to engage and empower Federal Way youth to become thriving and successful citizens Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee Members Doug Baxter-Chair Lawrence Garrett-Vice Chair Alonso Aguilar Dr.Tammy Campbell Zenaida Cruz Mark Hendricks Erin Herringshaw Andy Hwang Kira Kuetgens Kelli Lauritzen Dr. Danielle Pfeiffer Dion Schell Dr.Andre Sims Dianne Zoro (ITY Of Federal Way Table of Contents Community challenge and formation of VPCSC Public Feedback Key Findings from Public Feedback Meetings and Presentations Positive Activities Already Underway VPCSC Recommendations Community Training & Education Bystander Awareness Training Restorative Justice Safe Gun Storage Mentoring Youth-Focused Programs One-Stop Resource Center After School Programs Social/Emotional Learning Substance Use Youth Employment City of Federal Way Staff Position Resources 1 INk/i, CITY Of Federal Way Community Challenge and Formation of VPCSC The Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee (VPCSC)was created by Mayor Jim Ferrell in August 2016 in response to an increase in homicides, including three homicides within a 48-hour period in May. The 14-member committee was tasked with being a liaison with the community to formulate and submit recommendations regarding what is needed to reduce violence in Federal Way. The VPCSC spent six months gathering feedback from the community via an online survey and a public meeting, hearing about needs and opportunities from social service organizations and researching strategies that could reduce violence. National statistics show that most gun violence happens with young people ages 15-24; the VPCSC focused our recommendations on impacting violence in that age group. The VPCSC heard from over 400 Federal Way residents and over a dozen community organizations. The VPCSC has ten recommendations to submit to the Mayor and City Council. Public Health Model The VPCSC decided to base their public feedback and recommendations on the public health model, which separates prevention strategies into three areas: primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Tertiary Prevention: Strategies that involve treatment and rehabilitation to reduce further complications. Secondary Prevention: Strategies targeted at those in need to alleviate identified problems and prevent escalation. Primary Prevention: Strategies targeted at entire population in order to provide support and education before problems occur. Violence Prevention is complicated, and no single strategy can prevent future violence. The VPCSC focused our feedback and recommendations on all three tiers of the public health pyramid. This was to ensure that recommendations would help reduce violence in the short-term and work to create long-term solutions. 2 lib" cry or fir+/ Federal Way Public Meeting Key Results A public meeting was held on October 26th at Federal Way City Hall. The goal was to solicit feedback and ideas from community members on how to reduce incidents of violence in our city. Attendees were broken into groups and asked violence prevention guiding questions relating to each tier of the public health pyramid. Some key themes that emerged were: • Need for better communication regarding programs and opportunities to get involved. • Increased access to programs, both at existing locations and lesser served locations in Federal Way. Reduce transportation and income barriers to participation in programs. • More community and youth education on relevant topics, such as stress relief, restorative justice, trauma-informed care, etc. • Youth employment programs. • Ensuring all services are culturally relevant, including youth culture. Online Survey Key Results The VPCSC created an online survey with the goal of garnering wider community input on what Federal Way residents see as challenges and opportunities to reduce violence. The survey received 387 total responses. Listed below are the questions and highlights from the results. • Do you feel safe in your community in general? (scale of 1-5) o 2.93 average • Where are the areas that you feel unsafe? o Top Answers: • Commons Mall • Major Corridors, such as Pacific Highway, 320th Street, and 21St Ave SW • All Over—many commenters felt uneasy walking in Federal Way or going out after dark. • What do you think can decrease crime in your area? o The overwhelming majority of commenters mentioned increasing police presence across Federal Way. 3 CITY Of Federal Way • What types of activities are needed to engage the community's young people? What types of activities are needed to engage the community's young people? 80.0% 70.0% / - 60.0 50.0% 40.0% - 30.0% _ 20.0% 10.0% �,. � 0.0% -LMMIIM = Activities Activities that Volunteer Job offerings Other(please involving are centered opportunities for 14-18 year specify) parents and around positive olds children activities • What can be done to create safety in your neighborhood or community? What can be done to create safety in your neighborhood or community? 100.0% 80.0% 60.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0% Neighborhood Watch Organized neighborhood Other(please specify) activities • I believe that school staff are trained/equipped to address At Risk Youth issues? (scale of 1- 5) Average of 2.09 • What, specifically, would make school staff more effective at working with At-Risk Youth issues? Top Answers: • Training and education for school staff • Better support services to help struggling youth • Changes in school discipline policies 4 crrr of Federal Way • I believe that existing community spaces should be used to create after school programs and activities?(scale of 1-5) o Average of 3.96 • There are enough resources for youth and young adults who have exhibited dangerous behaviors? (scale of 1-5) o Average of 2.09 • If not, what resources do you think are lacking in Federal Way(such as youth employment, substance abuse treatment, mental health counseling)? o Top Answers: • Everything • Mental health counseling • Substance use treatment • Youth employment • I don't know • What would you,as a community member, do to help youth and young adults reach their full potential? o Top Answers: • Become a mentor • Take an active interest in and encourage neighborhood youth • Volunteer at a school, faith community or sports league • Be a good role model to their children, grandchildren or other family members • How do you recommend we keep firearms out of the hands of youth and young adults in Federal Way? o Top Answers: • Responsible gun ownership and safe gun storage • I don't know • Firearm safety classes • Enforcing existing laws better or creating stricter laws regarding gun ownership 5 ciiv oc �.../ Federal Way Meetings and Presentations The VPCSC members spoke to individuals and organizations from throughout the area with expertise in violence prevention or who manage support programs. Some gave formal presentations at VPCSC meetings, and some were through informal meetings with VPCSC members. • Multi-Service Center • Federal Way Youth Action Team • Youth LINC • Tacoma Goodwill • Domestic Abuse Women's Network • Nexus Youth & Family Services • Kent Youth &Family Services • Valley Cities Counseling &Consultation • FWPS Mentor&Me Program • Communities In Schools of Federal Way • Big Brothers Big Sisters of Puget Sound • Dr. Erin Casey—University of Washington Tacoma • Dr.Todd Herrenkohl—University of Washington Seattle Positive Activities Already Happening The VPCSC learned about several positive violence prevention activities that have already begun. We applaud these programs and encourage the city to support their success. • City of Federal Way committing to hire more police officers. • Expansion of cameras in high-crime parts of Federal Way. • Citizens using technology to become more connected through Safe City Federal Way and Next Door. • FWPD Positive Ticket Program, School Resource Officers, Explorer Scout Post and Youth Citizen's Academy. • Federal Way Youth Action Team and the Positive Outcomes Program—working to keep Federal Way youth out of the juvenile justice system. • Youth LINC's work with gang and group-involved youth. • FWPS creating the Mentor&Me program and hiring Restorative Practices Coordinators at all middle schools. FWPS has made Goal 2 of their strategic plan,which promotes whole child development, a priority for all FWPS schools this school year. • King County Prosecutor's Office initiative to identify and vigorously prosecute gun violence offenders. • Federal and state law enforcement agencies working together to identify ballistic connections between inter jurisdictional gun crimes. 6 CITY of Federal Way Federal Way Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee Recommendations The Federal Way Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee is making ten recommendations to the Mayor and City Council. These recommendations are based on challenges and opportunities learned during our public meeting, online survey results, presentations from social service organizations and meetings with experts and community members. To be listed as an official recommendation,an idea needed to have all four of these criteria: • Does the recommendation address an actual community challenge? • Is the recommendation proven to be effective? o The VPCSC used the risk and protective framework from the Centers for Disease Control as a guide to show effectiveness. • Are there natural partners to help implement the recommendation? • Does the recommendation have the support of the community? The recommendations are meant to be a starting point as the city explores a comprehensive approach to violence prevention. Our coalition took care to select recommendations from all three levels of the public health pyramid and to select strategies that focused on both youth and how the wider community can be involved in keeping our city safe. It is the VPCSC's hope that the City of Federal Way will use these recommendations to guide existing resources and staff energy toward effective violence prevention strategies. Also,these recommendations are a base to seek funding and support from the county, state,federal and private foundation sources. The recommendations are broken down into three categories: Community Training &Awareness,Youth- Centered Programs, and City of Federal Way Staff. 7 (ITV 9f 111111....ftwa.- Federal Way Community Training & Education Primary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way support a community-centered bystander awareness project. Community Challenge Residents of Federal Way want knowledge, tools, and support to prevent more violence in the city. People are afraid to intervene if they see concerning or suspicious behavior. The Green Dot initiative is a bystander training program that can provide training for residents to safely intervene and ask for help if they see unsafe behavior in any setting. Research Support A CDC review from 2014 showed Green Dot to reduce multiple forms of interpersonal violence. Green Dot was created to reduce gender-based violence however the bystander training techniques included have potential to reduce bullying and other aggressive behavior. Community Support There were multiple comments throughout the survey results that show residents want to get involved and find ways to keep their city safe. Residents are interested in community training. Green Dot is a well- supported and researched initiative that already exists. Partners DAWN (Domestic Abuse Women's Network) is already spearheading a community Green Dot project in Kent and is willing to be a lead partner if Federal Way adopts Green Dot. There are multiple groups that care about safety that are natural partners for receiving Green Dot training, such as block watches, homeowners associations, faith communities, high schools and social service agencies. Success A number of trainings and number of community members empowered through Green Dot would be interim measures of success. 8 CITY or Federal Way Community Training & Education Primary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way institute restorative justice practices as a city initiative to reduce crime and violence amongst youth in Federal Way. Community Challenge We need a robust marketing campaign promoting the benefits of restorative justice practices. With the Mayor's backing and Council's approval,we're giving residents and parents skills to effectively interact with youth in Federal Way. Furthermore,the only the way to effectively address the issues of violence and crime is seeking more ways to address the "root" issues oppose to the"fruit" problems. Promoting restorative justice principals and embedding them in our community will help address root causes of violence. Research Support Our research concluded a specific remedy to offset youth violence in Federal Way is instituting restorative justice practices throughout all places where youth occupy.It's not a 'magical pill'that solves violence and crime. However, it has proven it can reduce both.Also, it provides a secondary value of skills being added to concerning adults who are seeking to be part of the solution and building emotional intelligence in youth. Community Support According to the VPCSC survey results, residents of the Federal Way community believe one of the systemic issues linked to youth violence and crime are a result of inadequate social-emotional training. Partners Though there are many partners that can help assist in the promotion of social/emotional training, our pivotal partners must be the City of Federal Way, and Federal Way Public Schools to ensure sustainable success. Success Success for this recommendation will be how many Federal Way residents are reached with training and/or messages about restorative justice principles. 9 �` CITY or 2ti Federal Way Community Training & Education Primary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way promote and incentivize the purchase and use of gun safes/locking storage in homes and vehicles for firearm owners. Community Challenge According to BRFSS data, in 2013 among King County adults (18 years and older)with a firearm in or around their home (371,000 adults), an estimated 52% (194,000 adults) reported the firearm was unlocked. Federal Way Police Department report that a significant number of firearms used in local crimes are stolen. Research Support There is little research done around safe gun storage, but we believe that reducing the number of guns stolen from homes and vehicles could reduce firearm violence in our city. The best evidence on the effectiveness of gun storage shows the need to couple education with free(or very low cost) storage devices. https://www.thetrace.org/2016/03/safe-gun-storage-research/ Community Support Encouraging safe firearm storage was the top comment received from community members who completed the online survey. Partners King County Public Health has promoted safe firearm storage for several years. They have expressed a willingness to enhance the work with the City of Federal Way on the creation and implementation of this recommendation. Success We would consider this recommendation successful if the number of Federal Way gun owners purchase and use gun safes. We would like to see the number of crimes involving weapons decrease and the number of reported stolen firearms decrease. io 4., c!TY of Federal Way Community Training & Education Secondary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way provide an incentive, such as paid work time or flexible schedules, to city employees to become mentors to a Federal Way youth. Furthermore, we recommend the City of Federal Way encourage residents to become positive role models and volunteer with youth throughout the community. Community Challenge Local organizations report a need for more caring adults to become positive role models, such as mentors, tutors, coaches and youth leaders. While any number of youth could benefit from more positive role models,there is a special need for positive men to mentor the next generation. Local organizations state that the main barrier serving more youth in their programs is the lack of available volunteers. Research Support Community-Based Mentoring is a promising blueprint program to reduce youth violence(University of Colorado). School-based mentoring is shown to reduce school behavior infractions. One of the protective factors compiled by the CDC is connectedness to adults outside of the family. Community Support The Violence Prevention Coalition community survey asked: "What would you, as a community member, do to help youth and young adults reach their potential." The top answer was volunteering in the community, and mentoring was called out as an example more than any other suggestion. Partners There are many potential partners,such as mentoring programs and youth-serving organizations in need of caring adult volunteers. Communities In Schools of Federal Way, Federal Way Public Schools Mentor& Me program and Big Brothers Big Sisters are the primary mentoring programs in Federal Way. Potential partners to help recruit volunteers include city staff,the faith community, and the business community. Success Success for the recommendation is shown in the number of volunteers who are recruited and become active volunteers with partner organizations. u CITU Of Federal Way Youth-Centered Programs Secondary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way explore opening a "One-Stop" community resource center for youth and young adults. Community Challenge Currently, there is no "One-Stop"community resource center for young adults in Federal Way. At present, when youth or young adults are seeking education, employment, housing support, mental health treatment, and drug/alcohol treatment,they need to visit several different social service agencies within and outside of Federal Way. Research Support Involvement with drugs/alcohol, lack of involvement in conventional activities, poor academic performance, and history of treatment for emotional problems are all risk factors the CDC sees as perpetuating youth violence. A "One-Stop" community center for youth and young adults can provide services to address all of this risk factors. Several communities within the United States have successful "One Stop" programs. Tacoma, WA: reachtacoma.org Gainesville, GA: https://www.unitedwayhallcounty.org/compasscenter/ Community Support One question asked in the community survey was "What resources to you think are lacking in Federal Way?"The majority answered: Employment, mentoring, substance abuse treatment, and mental health services. Also, many stated that they believed there could be these services in Federal Way but were not aware of where. Partners Goodwill has expressed an interest in developing/partnering with the city in opening a Reach Center in Federal Way.The Reach Center provides young adult between the ages of 16-24 education, employment, housing support, advocacy and counseling all within one location.They currently have a successful Reach program in Tacoma,which can be easily replicated. Success Success for this recommendation would be for more young adults to be provided these services within their community.This would impact their connection to Federal Way and increase their commitment to the services as they no longer have to work with multiple agencies or travel to other communities. 12 CITY OF Federal Way Youth-Centered Programs Primary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the city of Federal Way explores the creation of additional after-school programs throughout the city. Community Challenge The unsupervised hours from 3 pm to 6 pm after school has been released for the day and the time until parents arrive home from work is the most critical time for our youth. Federal Way needs more after school opportunities that provide safe places for youth to be and incorporate evidence-based violence prevention strategies. Research Support The CDC cites involvement in pro-social activities and attachment to school as protective factors that reduce youth violence. Community support In reviewing the community surveys results from at least three of the questions,there is community support and evidence that this type of program will help our youth and reduce violence while making our community more livable and safer. Question 4 asked what type of activities is needed to engage the community and 74%of respondents stated positive activities and job offerings (high school students could be hired to work in these positive programs). Question 8 stated that existing community spaces be used to create after school programs. A majority of responses were in high agreement with this statement. Question 11 asked the respondents what they could do,and the results showed the citizens of our community would volunteer and help in any way they can to make programs successful and to attain the positive results. Partners Federal Way Public Schools, AmeriCorps, Communities In Schools, Boys and Girls Clubs as well as other nonprofits are natural partners for after school programs. Federal Way Parks and Recreation is open to programming at middle schools. Success Would be determined by less youth violence, improved academic performance and better health and nutrition in the youth participating in the after school programs. 13 Federal Way Youth-Centered Programs Primary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way support the creation and expansion of social/emotional learning to more schools, after school programs and other youth- serving organizations. Community Challenge Youth and families need more access to programs and classes that intentionally build skills to deter youth violence. Education could focus on building strong family dynamics, anger management, deterrence of substance use and curbing other risky activity. Luckily,there is good work already happening in Federal Way Public Schools. FWPS have adopted the Second Step social/emotional learning curriculum for elementary schools and have begun implementing restorative practices in secondary schools. More can be done to encourage wider adoption of these types of programs and expand this learning to entire families and other environments where youth can build positive social skills. Research Support Social/Emotional Learning builds many of the CDC's listed protective factors that are shown to reduce youth violence. These include: positive social orientation, highly developed social skills/competencies, intolerant attitude toward deviance, ability to discuss problems with parents, and parental/family use of constructive strategies for coping with problems (provision of models of constructive coping). Community Support Training, positive places for youth, and parental involvement came up at recurring themes in public feedback. Partners Federal Way Public Schools, youth-serving organizations,the faith community, and parent support networks are natural partners to expand social/emotional learning in our city. Success The number of schools and youth programs implementing social/emotional learning curriculum would be a measure of success for this recommendation. 14 CITY or Federal Way Youth-Centered Programs Tertiary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way explore opportunities to expand youth substance use treatment in Federal Way and reduce barriers for families and youth seeking treatment. Community Challenge Youth who battle addiction face multiple barriers to seeking help. Most agencies that provide youth substance use treatment require youth to travel to their offices in Kent,Auburn, Burien or other neighboring cities. There are very few options for youth outpatient treatment inside Federal Way. Research Support The CDC lists substance use as a risk factor leading to youth violence. Reducing barriers to treatment will help youth make better decisions. Community Support The Violence Prevention Coalition community survey asked: "What resources do you think are lacking in Federal Way." Substance use and mental health resources were 2 of the top 3 answers. While there are multiple barriers to mental health counseling,there is an even more severe lack of substance use treatment and counseling in Federal Way. Partners Kent Youth &Family Resources and Nexus Youth and Families (formerly Auburn Youth Resources),while not headquartered in Federal Way, do serve Federal Way youth and are interested in expanding programs in the city. Valley Cities Behavioral Health Care provides substance use treatment to adults and is interested in expanding to youth in the future. Success New and or expanded substance use treatment services and a measured increase in youth receiving treatment would show success for this recommendation. 15 CITY Of 11"--1m./ Federal Way Youth-Centered Programs Secondary Prevention Recommendation The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way provide a comprehensive job training program for youth in Federal Way Community Challenge Federal Way needs city-wide support and partnerships with local employers to hire and train youth and young adults. Youth in Federal Way have trouble getting ajob and building their resume. A comprehensive job training program in Federal Way would include job placement,job readiness training, and youth-specific job fairs. Finding ways to employ youth and young adults, both in summer and all- year long, would help youth build the skills to find and keep employment through adulthood. Research Support Our research concluded two specific remedies to offset youth violence in Federal Way. First, we need to form a robust job training program that helps train and place local youth in employment opportunities. Second,the job training and placement program should provide access to mentorship and career exposure opportunities. http://chicago.suntimes.com/news/study-shows-benefits-of-summer jobs-program/ Also, a teen employment program could reduce the risk factors relating to low parental education and income and diminished economic opportunities. Youth employment would build up the protective factors of highly developed social skills and positive social orientation. These are all risk and protective factors listed by the CDC. Community Support VPCSC survey results show strong support for youth employment program expansion in Federal Way. Youth employment was the top single answer of question 10, "What resources do you think are lacking in Federal Way." Partners Though there are many partners that can help assist in the promotion of youth employment, our pivotal partners must be the City's Department of Economic Development, Federal Way Public Schools, Greater Federal Way Chamber of Commerce, Workforce Development Councils, local employers, Multi-Service Center and Goodwill of the Olympics & Rainier Region. Success Increasing the number of youth and young adults successfully employed in these programs will show success for this recommendation. 16 a` CITY of 110"ti.. Federal Way City of Federal Way Staff Time The FWVPCSC recommends the City of Federal Way devote dedicated staff time to implementing VPCSC recommendations, seeking funding and building relationships with community-based organizations The VPCSC recognizes that implementation of many of these recommendations will take a significant investment of time and resources to turn into reality. Our final recommendation is that the City of Federal Way either create a new staff position to help move effective violence prevention strategies forward or reallocate existing staff so they would have ample time to devote to violence prevention. We hope that our initial recommendations are a starting point for anyone in this position. Over time,we hope dedicated staff time to violence prevention would explore many more evidence-based strategies to bring to Federal Way and explore more ways the City of Federal Way can leverage new and existing resources. Any city staff working to implement VPCSC recommendations should have a background in building relationships with diverse communities, creating partnerships with community-based organizations, and effective grant writing skills. 17 CITY Of 11!"—""mvar' Federal Way Resources The Federal Way Violence Prevention Coalition Steering Committee found these resources helpful as we researched effective violence prevention strategies. CDC Youth Violence Prevention Homepage https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/youthviole nce/index.html Veto Violence https://vetoviolence.cdc.gov/apps/stryve/ Public Health Seattle & King County http://www.kingcounty.gov/depts/health/violence- Violence Prevention injury-prevention/violence-prevention.aspx Gun Violence in King County Report http://www.kingcounty.gov/depts/health/violence- injury-prevention/violence- prevention/- /media/depts/health/violence-injury- prevention/documents/firearm-violence-king-county- 2014.ashx Prevention Institute https://www.preventioninstitute.org/ Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency https://www.ojjdp.gov/ Prevention Catholic Health Initiatives United Against http://catholichealthinitiatives.org/documents public/Ad Violence Resource Guide vocacy/CHI%20Violence°%20Handbook%207-16a.pdf Seattle Youth Violence Prevention Initiative htto://safeyouthseattle.org/ Seattle Youth Violence Needs Assessment https://www.seattle.gov/Documents/Departments/Huma nServices/Reports/Final SYPVI NeedsAssessment.pdf Essentials for Childhood Framework https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/childmaltreatm ent/essentials.html 18 Report of Federal Way, Washington Mayor's Task Force on Homelessness December Members: Sharry Edwards, (TASK FORCE CHAIR), Community Health Peggy LaPorte, Founder, Former President,and Executive Nurse (Kaiser Permanente), Governing Board Member Board Member(FUSION) (Federal Way Community Caregiving Network),Board Member David Larson,Judge(City of Federal Way Municipal Court) (Ashley House) Kimberly McGlynn, Operations Manager (King County Jeff Bellinghausen,(TASK FORCE VICE-CHAIR),Captain and Library System) Community Affairs Officer(South King Fire&Rescue) Alyson Moon,Community Impact Liaison(Mary's Place) Chantel Arnone,Emergency Department Clinical Manager (CHI Franciscan Health) Jackie Muth,Partner(Mahn&Associates) Amye Bronson-Doherty, Executive Director (Advancing Stephan Neal, Deputy Chief (City of Federal Way Police Leadership) Department) Jeanne Burbidge, Former Mayor, Deputy Mayor, and City Lynn Ormsby, Advisory Board Member (Sound Alliance/ Councilmember(City of Federal Way) Federal Way Day Center) Angela Coe,South Division Director(Valley Cities Behavioral Shelley Pauls,Liaison(Federal Way faith community) Health) Stacie Scarpaci,Probation Supervisor(City of Federal Way Nathaniel Cook,Community Helper(Federal Way) Municipal Court) Robin Corak,Chief Executive Officer(Multi-Service Center) Ken Stark,Vice Chair(City of Federal Way Human Services Commission) Dan Dizon, Executive Director of Human Resources and Community Relations(Federal Way Public Schools) Rebecca Stephens, Community Resource and Referrals Program Manager (United States Department of Veterans Willa Gaines,Advisory Board Member(Reach Out) Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System) Byron Hiller, Property Management Division President Dan Wise,Director of Homeless Services(Catholic Community (Coldwell Banker Commercial Danforth),President(FUSION) Services in King County) Staff: Sarah Bridgeford,Community Development Block Grant/ Yarden Weidenfeld,Senior Policy Advisor(City of Federal Human Services Coordinator(City of Federal Way Community Way Mayor's Office) Development Department) Jeff Watson, Community Services Manager(City of Federal Way Community Development Department) CITY OF 6, Federal Way Centered on Opportuni REPORT OF FEDERAL WAY, WASHINGTON MAYOR'S TASK FORCE ON HOMELESSNESS In a time of crisis people want to know that you care, more than they care what you know—Will Rogers I. INTRODUCTION During its February 2018 retreat,the Federal Way City Council identified increasing homelessness in our community as a significant priority for the City. In response to the Council's acknowledgement and the efforts of the Mayor's Homeless Mothers and Children Initiative(HMCI) in 2017, Mayor Ferrell convened the broader Homelessness Task Force in April 2018. The group was charged with working to better understand homelessness in Federal Way and to develop a Strategic Plan of Action. II. FINDINGS A. Causes and Impacts for People Experiencing Homelessness Our community and its leaders must start by abandoning any preconceived notions about homelessness and its causes. The reality is that the causes of homelessness are as varied as the individuals experiencing homelessness. See Appendix A. This means that any attempt to develop cookie cutter solutions or to develop narrow or limited programs that do not fit as part of a comprehensive solution will not truly address the root causes of a pervasive problem affecting countless individuals and families. Some efforts intended as solutions may actually exacerbate homelessness if they are implemented without a keen understanding of the individual,community, societal,and institutional dynamics that operate at the root cause level. Truly effective and compassionate solutions must focus on eliminating,or at least mitigating,the root causes of homelessness for each individual served so that they can move forward on a path to the ultimate goal of sustainable housing and a stable lifestyle. Experiencing homelessness means living in crisis. Imagine having no place to go,no warm, safe,and dry place to sleep. No guarantee of the next meal,or even water to drink. Simple daily living essentials that most of us take for granted are rare luxuries for the homeless. People experience homelessness differently. Families live in their cars if they cannot fmd shelter. Family life is disrupted as children struggle to do well in school and to fit in socially. Homelessness creates despair,hopelessness, and depression,which feels insurmountable— similar to being at the bottom of a deep well without a ladder. No connections,no social network,no stability,no getting out. Stories from people experiencing homelessness tell a tale of constant fear and desperation 1 because of the inability to meet basic human needs. It is a tale of indignity fueled by the contempt with which the homeless are treated. Contrary to much of public perception,people experiencing homelessness are often victims of crime and abuse themselves since they are exposed to the elements and have no ability to protect themselves or their possessions. B. Community Impacts of Homelessness i.Introduction In addition to the impacts on the people experiencing homelessness,the community impacts are broad and wide-ranging. In many ways, the impacts are creating a"them and us" atmosphere based upon misperceptions that all people experiencing homelessness are creating problems for the community; this is simply not true. There is a general perception that providing more services to the homeless population has prompted criminals to come to our community to take advantage of those services. This perception makes it more difficult to build trust and cooperation by all concerned. However,the majority of people experiencing homelessness lives beneath the radar as law-abiding citizens. They are struggling for normalcy in a world that is full of barriers and the lack of community resources that can help break down those barriers. ii.Public Safety and Crime With that said, some people experiencing homelessness are impacting the community adversely with substance abuse,theft,trespass, threatening behavior, other criminal conduct, panhandling, and unlawful encampments that create health dangers for the community and for the occupants themselves with violent crime, litter, lack of sanitation and adequate healthcare, used drug paraphernalia(including used needles), food waste,and human waste. Fires have also been a dangerous result of the encampments and have threatened homes as well as property. The net effect is increased concern by members of the community for their safety, health,property, and even environmental concerns with encampments that pollute our watersheds, especially at or near the Hylebos. Furthermore,there is increasing police and code compliance involvement in responding to the law violations and other problems associated with the destructive behavior by some in the homeless community. The overall crime rate in Federal Way has dramatically declined in both 2017(by ten percent) and 2018 (by approximately another ten percent as of the writing of this report),but police are nevertheless experiencing an alarming increase in crime committed by a certain percentage of the homeless population,primarily those living in encampments. From 2016 to 2017, empirical data from Federal Way show a 105% increase in criminal calls for service involving a person or people experiencing homelessness. A large number of these calls involve criminal trespass,which some regard as endemic to the homelessness crisis and the lack of available services. iii. Specific Effects on Residents and Businesses The term "experiencing homelessness"can be applicable to members of the larger community if one applies the term to those in the community who are forced to expend their own money cleaning up property,repairing property,replacing stolen property, and paying security costs and other direct and indirect expenses associated with issues caused by a small percentage of those actually experiencing homelessness in the community. 2 Businesses and residents want a community that is safe, clean, and affordable. Businesses look for a community where business costs are manageable. The impact of the homeless issue on businesses is a valid concern because of the direct and indirect costs of reacting to the problems experienced. iv. Conclusion However,perhaps the most troublesome impacts on the community are the sense of frustration and helplessness by many and the"them and us"atmosphere created when people feel victimized by what seems to be endless and uncontrollable adverse impacts, including the effects of criminal conduct. The reaction by many is to oppose or cast a negative light on any attempts to provide services to people perceived as the perpetrators. The resultant environment of mistrust creates a no-win cycle. Specifically,the cycle of homelessness continues because some of its root causes, such as addiction and untreated mental illness, are not addressed in therapeutic and constructive ways when needed programs are cut, limited, or even prevented. We must do all that we can to build an atmosphere of teamwork and trust in the community by all affected constituencies if we are going to experience any level of meaningful success. C. Available Services The temptation would be to just create an inventory of available services for this report. However,this exercise will only be germane if effort is made to analyze the navigation of those services from the standpoint of the person seeking them. There are some model examples of partnerships and cooperative efforts in Federal Way, but many services are organized as silos that work independently, and in some cases,without the knowledge of other available services. Services are difficult to navigate for the person experiencing homelessness because of the lack of any cohesive interface for them. In many cases,people are bounced among various programs with multiple applications and personal interactions with varying success and consistent failure for those that are experiencing need. Inadequate capacity to address the need can also be a part of the problem. This results in mistrust and a sense of hopelessness on the part of many experiencing homelessness. The overall resources in Federal Way could be better organized in a cohesive and deliberate manner to make it easier for the person experiencing homelessness to navigate potential solutions. There is also a stark inequity in the distribution of services throughout King County. This reality serves to perpetuate the conditions that keep many people from placement into sustainable housing and from experiencing a stable lifestyle. There is a desire and ability of our local court system to link defendants with needed services that can serve to reduce recidivism and therefore reduce community impacts. The court has the unique ability to compel treatment and other services as part of sentences. There has been some success with community court,but much more could be done that would serve to increase compliance with sentences,reduce jail costs, and assist in community clean up with structured community service and work crew. There could also be a pre-trial release program 3 that could encourage referrals to treatment and other services if we coordinated existing services with court operations. Finally, conflicting regulations and policies in the myriad programs offered contribute in many cases to ineffective or inconsistent delivery of services. There needs to be a broader conversation about how government regulations and organizational policies are actually hampering efforts to address homelessness. III. STRATEGIC PLAN FOR PROPOSED SOLUTIONS A. Overview As noted, individuals and the community at large are"experiencing"homelessness. This means that any strategy must address the root causes and the adverse effects of homelessness on individuals, families, and the community at large. Facing an issue of this magnitude,we must act with decisiveness and urgency. We must view solutions holistically with the understanding that unintended consequences can be avoided if we work together, are honest with ourselves and each other, and do not invest ourselves in an idea or ideology that may feel good but does not do much good. Focusing too much on the effects on the community will become a resource-intensive, never-ending battle unless we address individual root causes. Focusing too much on individual root causes and ignoring the community effects will create a crisis of public confidence in programs intended to work compassionately with individuals experiencing homelessness. Focusing too much on the effects to the individuals experiencing homelessness without addressing root causes perpetuates their problems and does not do enough to help them achieve a stable lifestyle and permanent housing. Focusing too much on the root causes without ameliorating the immediate impacts keeps the person in a state of perpetual instability,making it difficult to make progress on root causes. We must also be realistic that many of the solutions that would work best are beyond our reach as a community due to high costs and a significant lack of local resources. However, we have opportunities to maximize existing resources and seek additional outside resources if we work together. A regional approach may be the best way to leverage resources and increase the impact of services. B. The Path to Solutions for Individuals It is essential when developing solutions for individual root causes and individual impacts that compassion is always in balance with accountability. Too much compassion leads to dependency with little progress for the individual served. Too much accountability, such as zero tolerance policies,leads to individuals being cut off from needed programs for relatively minor rules violations. Services should be coordinated and strategic and should always strive to see each 4 person as having unique challenges. We need to adopt a belief that compassion requires us to provide people with the opportunity to seek and achieve permanent solutions. It is not compassionate if we encourage long-term dependency on services and charity to the exclusion of encouraging self-sufficiency,productivity, and a stable lifestyle. In order to maximize the positive impact on those we intend to serve through the services we offer,there must be a community-coordinated response with an ongoing ethic of compassion by those delivering services coupled with an expectation of progress and accountability by the person receiving those services. However,we cannot hold people accountable for progress if we do not provide a clear path for them to follow with specific achievable benchmarks that can measure their progress. The challenge is to provide a coordinated continuum of solutions that align with the spectrum of root causes with the most difficult to address on one end and the easiest to address on the other end. The continuum of solutions should be organized in a way that recognizes where the suggested solution fits in a continuum of needs. The continuum of needs can be broken down into broad categories such as"in crisis", "vulnerable", "stable", "safe", and "thriving". Applicable services can then be organized within those categories in a manner that provides for progress from"in crisis"to"thriving". There must be clear paths for the community and the affected individual that allows for an organized,prompt,and proper assessment and referral to needed services. This means that we must be willing to organize and augment existing services and aggressively seek additional resources to fill identified voids. This is especially true for mental health and addiction intervention and treatment which are sorely lacking proper financial support and availability in our community. The same can be said for many other needed resources, such as shelters and affordable housing. We must see solutions as part of an ongoing cycle and not as a temporary Band-Aid that masks the underlying cause(s). The individuals experiencing homelessness can then be met where they ares in the spectrum and can begin a path of solutions that will lead them on a continuum of progress to sustainable housing and stable lifestyles. C. The Path to Solutions for the Community When addressing community impacts and problems,we must do so holistically. We must find ways to work together to tackle the issues we confront in a unified, constructive, and systemic manner. Some policies penalize property owners for"allowing"homeless encampments. Other policies increase scrutiny of and exact consequences from service providers that are perceived to be an attraction to people who create problems for the community. These policies may perpetuate the"them and us"environment that makes any meaningful progress impossible. With that said, service providers should be able to justify the utility of their program by striving to make it a part of the coordinated continuum of solutions that leads to positive 1 The who,what,where,when,and why of each individual's circumstances. 5 outcomes for the individuals they serve. The City must ensure that service providers it funds be able to show an objective measure of their success. In addition,property owners and businesses should strive to be part of the solution wherever they can. Ideally,those experiencing community impacts should see the benefit of successful programs that benefit the very people that are perceived as causing problems. Just as true, those offering services should see the benefit of reducing community impacts as a justification for increased public confidence in, and the continued existence of,the offered programs. Defending our respective "sides"of the arguments builds barriers that make solutions impossible. Communication, respect,and understanding will break down barriers and will allow us to reach for solutions that embrace the compassion and the accountability we need. In sum,we must maximize resources through partnerships and strategic alliances that address individual and community impacts as a team and not as adversaries. IV. RECOMMENDATIONS The Homelessness Task Force makes the following recommendations: A. Addressing Impacts for Individuals Experiencing Homelessness 1. Recommendation 1—Expand Shelters as Gateways for Progress Encourage the expansion of Federal Way's shelter capacity to make it available on a year round basis and then make the shelter system an integral part of a continuum of care model. Communities with year round shelters experience twice the rate of success as Federal Way. Shelters should be linked directlyy to all other services and programs offered in the community. See Appendix B for more details on shelters. 2. Recommendation 2—Create a Community Coordinated Response Create an ongoing Federal Way collaborative group, staffed if and when funds are available by a new paid staff member in the Community Development Department, Community Services Division, and charged with coordinating and maximizing services and positive outcomes for people experiencing homelessness using the continuum of care and progress model. This group would: a.Create the mechanism for providing the continuum of care and paths to success for people experiencing homelessness in our community; b.Research the pros and cons of having a facility similar to Pierce County and other communities that provide for immediate care and referrals for ongoing care; c.Based on the work of the Homeless Taskforce, create a strategic plan to coordinate housing,health,behavioral health,reentry and emergency services; d.Create a public campaign that educates and offers opportunities for community members to meaningfully engage in being a part of the solution; 6 e.Analyze how some rules and regulations may exacerbate homelessness and make recommendations for remedying th s defects; f.Cooperate on grant-writing and other financial initiatives; g.Evaluate its own success rate in reducing homelessness in Federal Way on a bi-annual basis and re-adjust its efforts as appropriate. The group could include,but not be limited to, healthcare providers, substance abuse counselors,mental health professionals,King County Public Library System, South King Fire &Rescue,Federal Way Public Schools, Highline College,Green River College, Bates Voc-Tech, Renton Voc-Tech, apprentice programs,trade unions, employer groups,police,courts, City community services personnel, City Human Services Commission, landlords,human services agencies,businesses, outreach providers, low-income housing developers, people who have themselves experienced homelessness currently or in the past,members of the Homelessness Task Force, and other key groups and individuals. 3. Recommendation 3-Develop a Community Coordinated Outreach Program As an extension of Recommendation 2, develop a citywide targeted outreach plan to ensure that people are engaged with and connected to coordinated services and housing opportunities in a consistent and well-documented manner. Outreach teams would be especially useful when encampments are dismantled. Language used should model caring and respect. The use of peer mentors would be one way to establish the type of outreach that can increase the chance of positive outcomes (See Recommendation 8). 4. Recommendation 4—Create or Expand Online Resource. There should be an easily accessible online resource listing local/regional services available to those in need, including those who are currently experiencing homelessness or are on the brink of becoming homeless. The resource must be updated regularly and should include,but not be limited to, shelters, emergency housing,rental/mortgage/utility assistance, and general human services. The City could either create such a resource itself, cooperate with the county and other nearby municipalities,or work in collaboration with 211. 5. Recommendation 5—Increase the Availability of Affordable Housing and the Effectiveness of the Coordinated Entry System Look for ways to increase affordable housing in Federal Way and improve collaboration with the King County Coordinated Entry system to increase housing placements. See Appendix B for more details on affordable housing. 6. Recommendation 6—Increase the Equitable Delivery of Services Develop a strategy in conjunction with the community coordinated response team to address inequitable delivery of services and housing solutions in Federal Way. This includes the full spectrum of services including,but not limited to,mental health treatment, addiction treatment, shelters, and other programs that can be 7 utilized by people experiencing homelessness in Federal Way to help them achieve sustainable housing and a stable lifestyle. 7. Recommendation 7-- Partner with local agencies to install public phones Though many individuals in need and/or experiencing homelessness have cell phones,they are usually pre-paid with available minutes that run out quickly. Telephone access is a necessity for scheduling appointments for social services,medical appointments, check-ins with probation offices,and other inquiries regarding legal services,just to name a few. Without telephone access, there is a higher chance of missed opportunities to access available services. Therefore, it would help to install free phones at transit centers, libraries,and other public places for those in need and/or experiencing homelessness to access. To avoid misuse of phones,they could dial directly to 211,be outgoing only, or limit area codes. 8. Recommendation 8--Hire and Train Peer Navigators Many people experiencing homelessness have experienced some type of trauma. These individuals are less likely to accept help and seek out assistance from individuals to whom they do not relate or whom they do not trust. The best way to understand something is to hear it explained by someone who has had similar experiences and has been in"your shoes."Peer navigators are individuals with "lived experience."They have overcome addiction, found stable housing, and/or successfully sought treatment for mental health disorder. Peer navigators have the ability to connect to the homeless community genuinely and are more likely to build trust more quickly. They would provide referrals to resources and assist with benefit acquisition. They could work either for a partnering organization or for the City of Federal Way Community Development Department, Community Services Division. B. Addressing Impacts on the Community 1. Recommendation 1—Allow a Safe Parking Program All Home fmdings for King County in 2018 show that the largest portion of the unsheltered homeless community is living in vehicles (28%), which is a 46% increase over 2017. 2 Therefore, it would make sense to allow churches to offer the opportunity for individuals temporarily residing in their vehicles to use parking lots after hours for overnight safe parking with limitations and requirements based upon the size of the parking lot, its location, duration and frequency of offered use, and the availability of security, sanitary facilities, and garbage control. Consider necessary changes to Federal Way Revised Code (FWRC)to allow such a program with reasonable restrictions and requirements for a use permit. (Currently,under FWRC 19.130.290, it is illegal to sleep in a vehicle in a residential zone for more than fourteen(14) days in any 180-day period. However,there is some emerging case law suggesting that such 2 http://allhomekc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/combined-infographic-PIT-2018-1.pdf 8 restrictions, when applied to churches,must be limited to regulations that are necessary to protect public health and safety.) 2. Recommendation 2—Create a Group to Coordinate Clean-Up Programs Create a group that analyzes the numerous ways to effectuate the beautification and clean-up3 of our community and then implements best practice recommendations(work crew, structured community service,partnerships, subscription services for security and clean-up, etc.). Best practices should include prevention,mitigation, and remediation. See Appendix C. 3. Recommendation 3—Continue Vigilant, Effective, Collaborative,and Mission-Focused Law-Enforcement City of Federal Way Police must maintain its vigilance in fighting crime and criminal behavior and continue its efforts to prevent future crimes from happening. This takes a tremendous amount of effort from limited law enforcement resources. Currently, the City of Federal Way Police has an entire team of officers who devote all of their time to homeless issues in an effort to supplement patrol and other police and City resources.Networking with other cities' and regional efforts and sharing successes and new ideas is helpful. What works in one place may work in another, and there is no need to reinvent the wheel if not necessary. Police should continue with its collaborative citywide efforts,which include all of the resources represented in the Homelessness Task Force. It will take a multi-faceted approach to produce meaningful and effective solutions to these complex issues. Lastly and most importantly,police must remain committed to its mission to keep the people they serve safe and secure in their daily life. 4. Recommendation 4—Better Coordinate with Criminal Justice Programs The Municipal Court has had promising results with Community Court. More investment needs to be made to incorporate restorative practices in conjunction with the proposed community coordinated response. Defendants seen in court can then interface with existing community programs that can help reduce recidivism. 5. Recommendation 5—Prevent the Re-establishment of Dismantled Encampments. Dismantling encampments will only be effective if the City continues to monitor and enforce the closure. There will always be time, effort, and cost to cleaning up, but areas should be monitored to prevent them from getting into an extreme condition. Also,private landowners should be encouraged to pool resources to hire a security firm. Furthermore,the use of underbrush clearing techniques has been one of themost successful tools to prevent reoccupation ation of land parcels once they have been cleared. This technique is very expensive to the landowner and therefore can be prohibitive to many. A cost analysis/comparison should be considered. s Clean-up can be broken down into two categories;street litter clean-up and encampment clean-up. Encampment clean-ups include human waste. 9 V. CONCLUSION The observations and recommendations will be for naught unless we find a way to work collaboratively to address all aspects of homelessness,not just what appeals to a narrow interest or that only provides for a narrow approach. We have much to do and few financial resources with which to do it,but we will succeed if we bring our collective will and determination to work towards the common goals of bettering both our community and the lives of people experiencing homelessness or otherwise in need who eventually can become our good neighbors. 10 Appendix A Available data mirror the expression of the community and reflect an increase in homelessness,both at a regional and local level. The 2018 Count Us In report4 tracks the number of persons experiencing homelessness on one single night and found 12,112 people experiencing homelessness in King County on January 26, 2018 when the One Night Count occurred. This included 5,792 people in shelters, safe havens, and transitional housing. A total of 6,320 people were unsheltered, or living on the streets,representing a 15% increase over 2017. In Federal Way, the 2018 Count Us In found 176 persons who were unsheltered,up from 106 who were unsheltered in 2017. Information from the January 2018 One Night Count on people who were in shelters, safe havens,or transitional housing is unavailable at this time for Federal Way. Furthermore, in the 2018 Count Us In survey, 4% of respondents reported living in Federal Way at the time of their housing loss, a percentage exceeded only by Seattle and Kent and representing the same percentage as Renton. Federal Way is a city of 96,350 according to 2017 estimates,5 while the Federal Way Public School District serves an even larger population of about 120,000 people.6 Tragically,per the King County Medical Examiner's Office's"Presumed Homeless,"there have been ten deaths in 2018 of individuals presumed to be homeless in Federal Way. Additionally,nonprofit organizations are reporting a similar increase in the number of Federal Way families and individuals accessing services, as reported in applications and/or quarterly reports submitted to the City of Federal Way. Most programs accessed by Federal Way residents are not located in the City of Federal Way,meaning residents must go elsewhere to access critical services to address homelessness. Thirteen of these programs report having served 656 households from Federal Way comprised of 1,023 individuals in 2017. The 656 households may be duplicated if a household accessed more than one of the thirteen services. The thirteen programs represent a spectrum of homeless services from outreach and day services to shelter and permanent housing programs. These programs do not include all homeless services programs in the region that Federal Way residents are accessing. Nor do the thirteen programs reflect people experiencing homelessness who resolved their situation on their own. Furthermore,Mary's Place, the organization that runs the family call-in line for accessing shelter, reported a total of 54 families(i.e.,with children) calling in from Federal Way for emergency shelter in quarters one and two in 2018. Of these 54 families from Federal Way, 19 were able to access shelter,meaning that 35 Federal Way families who met the criteria of either °All Home King County,2018 Count Us In Report,http://allhomekc.org/king-county-point-in-time-pit-count/ 5 State Office of Financial Management.See https://www.cityoffederalway.com/page/demographics 6 Federal Way Public Schools.See https://www.fwps.org/Page/2612 7 The thirteen programs referenced are:Catholic Community Services,Federal Way Day Center;Catholic Community Services, Reach Out;DAWN,Housing; Friends of Youth;Transitional Living Program; FUSION, FUSION Transitional Housing;Hopelink, Housing;Hospitality House, Shelter;Kent Youth&Family Services, Watson Manor;Multi-Service Center,Shelter and Transitional Housing; Nexus Youth and Families,Street Outreach;Mary's Place,A Place to Call Home Mary's Place;REACH,Center of Hope;and Sound,PATH. 11 being unsheltered or fleeing domestic violence were not able to access shelter. Of the 19 who did get shelter,two families accessed shelter at other agencies, and 17 accessed it with Mary's Place. For these 17 families, additional information is available, as follows. Two families were sheltered in White Center,three families in Belltown, six families in Denny Regrade,one family in North Seattle, and five families in Shoreline. South King County as a region represents the highest call volume for families, even greater than Seattle, with 151 unique families calling in from South King County8 cities in quarter two of 2018, compared to 132 families from Seattle. In the 2016-2017 school year, 483 students in the Federal Way Public Schools experienced homelessness over the course of the year9. A total of 74 of the youth were in shelters, 333 were"doubled up"(i.e., staying with family or friends), 15 were unsheltered, and 61 were staying in motels/hotels. This represents a 31% increase over 2015-2016, when there were 368 students who experienced homelessness. The students in families who accessed shelters faced long bus rides and transportation since family shelters are not located in Federal Way. Families access shelters throughout King County,including shelters in Seattle and in north and east King County. The data represent Federal Wayresidents who have lost housingbut do not tell the stories p of each person who might be a single adult, a parent, or a child who does not have safe housing. The data do not reflect the complexity of how people become homeless or the multi-pronged and tailored strategies needed for people to attain and maintain housing in the future. Many people generalize regarding the predominant causes of homelessness, resulting in a perception that a one-size-fits-all approach will provide meaningful solutions. The shortage of affordable housing is a significant issue,but the focus on increasing the supply of affordable housing without a concerted effort to address the root causes of homelessness for the affected individuals will only temporarily mask the problem.The goal of stable and sustainable housing can only be met by the progress of individuals on a continuum of services that helps them develop the habits and lifestyles needed for success. In other words, time should be devoted to reviewing the elements of success so that we have a better understanding how to address homelessness in constructive and sustainable ways. Elements of success may include: ■ Addiction free or addiction in remission • Stable mental health • Good physical health and healthcare access • Stable and adequate income ■ Financial literacy ■ Good tenant habits 8 South King County references the Southwest County as defined by the Count Us In report and includes Algona, Auburn,Burien,Des Moines,Federal Way,Kent,Milton,Normandy Park,Pacific,Renton,SeaTac,Tukwila,and Vashon,although not all of these cities had families calling in to Mary's Place. 9 Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction(OSPI),http://www.kl2.wa.us/HomelessEd/Data.aspx 12 • Marketable skill • Affordable housing • Stable relationships/support systems Services appropriately focus primarily on individual causes. Solutions must also address societal/community and institutional causes. Individual Causes of Homelessness • Substance abuse and addiction • Mental health issues • Jail/Prison/Incarceration • Criminal record • Domestic violence(defendant and victim) • No income/Unemployment • Lack of marketable skills/Job training • Eviction/Prior issues with tenancy • Divorce/Separation/Breakup • Insufficient income (working poor) • Poor physical health/Disability Societal/Community Causes of Homelessness • Inadequate short-term and long-term shelter services • Inadequate supply of affordable housing • Inadequate supply of treatment services • Inadequate supply of living wage jobs, especially for convicted individuals • Inadequate supply of tenant training • Inadequate supply of financial literacy training • Inadequate coordination with existing resources for job training • Inconsistent availability of affordable health care • Disproportionate impacts for members of marginalized groups Institutional Causes of Homelessness • Inadequate community coordinated response • Inequitable distribution of services and resources • Inequitable access to services and resources • Fragmentation of services and resources • Regulations and rules that cause eviction or ineligibility for minor violations • Status changes that create ineligibility for existing services(e.g. reaching the age of 18, incarceration, etc.) 13 Appendix B Recommended strategies related to shelters 1. Begin to identify partners, as well as properties and resources that may be available for year-round shelter, with the goal to have options for single adults, families, and youth. These options could include an exploration with private property owners,as well as an exploration of re-zoning to allow shelters to be sited in private properties or currently vacant City-owned properties. Begin to identify funding streams to develop and operate sustainable shelter programs in the Federal Way community. For example, some of this work was begun with the 2017 Homeless Mothers and Children Initiative(HMCI)that Mayor Ferrell set up specifically to find a place for a family shelter. 2. Explore ongoing facility-based crisis services that are in line with national best practices, including: • 24/7 service model allowing partners,pets, and possessions • Low-barrier access with a Housing First approach whenever possible • Housing Navigation services • Tailored services for those populations with unique needs, including single adults,veterans, youth/young adults, families with children, and those fleeing domestic violence 3. Recognizing that shelter is not the solution for every individual or family, identify and seek to invest in additional crisis response interventions to connect other unsheltered community members to housing-focused services. Recommended strategies related to affordable housing: 1. Seek to increase the affordable housing stock in Federal Way for people with incomes below 30%of area mean income(AMI) consistent with Growth Management Act requirements. Federal Way has more than met requirements for affordable housing for all income groups except below 30%of AMI, an income group for which no nearby jurisdiction is meeting requirements. Obviously, this group is more of a challenge. 2. Consider ways to reduce development barriers, such as zoning restrictions,parking requirements,and impact fees. 3. Complete a comprehensive inventory of the housing stock in Federal Way, assess the need for additional affordable housing, and identify next steps. . 4. Consider incentives for developers to encourage the inclusion of affordable units in new development projects. 5. Sign onto the Inter-local Agreement of the South King Housing and Homelessness Partnership. 6. Create and/or seek additional funding streams for ongoing subsidies and housing voucher programs. 14 Appendix C Work Crew and Community Service The City of Federal Way Municipal Court currently contracts with the Washington State Department of Corrections for Work Crew. This program serves as an alternative to jail. The defendant is charged $15 per day, but the city advances the money out of the police jail budget with the defendant paying the cost back over time. Court probation staff medically screens defendants to ensure they are fit to work. The Court cannot use work crew in lieu of fines because it is a form of detention. No work is actually done within the City of Federal Way. People sentenced to work crew in Federal Way actually perform their work in Seattle. Recommendations: 1. Option 1 would be to expand the contract with DOC at an approximate cost of$80,000 annually. This would be the same program we currently use, for sentencing in lieu of or in addition to jail time. The difference would be that the work would be done here in the City of Federal Way. There are ways to coordinate with local property owners and businesses to defray the cost of DOC work crew. Many property owners face enormous costs for clean-up. Work crew could be used on a subscription basis to periodically police subscriber's property in exchange for a set monthly or annual fee. 2. Option 2 would be for the City to run a work crew program itself. A detailed budget has not yet been formulated for this option. However, it would likely entail equal or greater costs than Option 1 since it would need a paid supervisor and equipment including vans, port-a-potty,tools, accessories (gloves,bags, grabbers), and reflective vests. The City would also assume liability for any issues that arise from the work. Other Options and Recommendations 1. Explore a trial run of a program like the one in Albuquerque,New Mexico by partnering with a local non-profit. This program gives panhandlers a chance at a change in life by providing them with payment for doing cleanup work around the city. A free meal is also provided. When the job is completed, the person is taken to a facility to pick up his or her check and is put in touch with services. A trial run would cost approximately$50,000. 2. The Federal Way Municipal Court has wanted to create a community service program for a number of years but has not had the resources to do so. The program could be used as a jail alternative as well as a method to help defendants pay off fines. There are models of this program that could utilize non-profits to do the work without a substantial investment of city resources. 3. In conjunction with either of the above two programs, consider posting signs in known panhandling locations, as is done in Philadelphia, with slogans urging people to donate to a local non-profit providing services rather than give to panhandlers. Signs can contain a phone number to call or a website to access, allowing one to automatically make a donation. 15 4. Research better garbage can options(e.g. Big Belly Solar,more solid styles that close so people cannot dumpster dive) 5. Revisit having an "Adopt-a-Stop"or"Adopt-a-Highway"program in Federal Way,under which a local business or group would take responsibility for cleanup at a particular location,with signs posted advertising the business's or group's contribution. 6. Continue research on what other cities are doing successfully(e.g. requiring clients at shelters to give back by picking up litter) 7. Educate nonprofits and individuals that continue to give unneeded items to people experiencing homelessness that are then left for others to pick up. Recommend that they instead donate supplies to Federal Way Day Center, Seattle Union Gospel Mission, Reach Out, or Multi-Service Center(MSC). 8. Encourage businesses not to have donation bins on their property. While some of the newer versions of containers do make access harder,unfortunately,these bins are a great place to leave trash or from which to remove donations. 9. Start some fun and creative marketing about keeping our city clean with clever,catchy signs urging people not to litter. 16 H-3616. 1 HOUSE BILL 2497 State of Washington 65th Legislature 2018 Regular Session By Representatives Pellicciotti, Appleton, and Orwall 1 AN ACT Relating to aircraft noise abatement; and amending RCW 2 53 .54 . 020 and 53 .54 . 030 . 3 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON: 4 Sec. 1. RCW 53. 54 . 020 and 1984 c 193 s 1 are each amended to 5 read as follows : 6 (1) Prior to initiating programs as authorized in this chapter, 7 the port commission shall undertake the investigation and monitoring 8 of aircraft noise impact to determine the nature and extent of the 9 impact. The port commission shall adopt a program of noise impact 10 abatement based upon the investigations and as amended periodically 11 to conform to needs demonstrated by the monitoring programs ( (= 12 PROVIDED, That) ) . In no case may the port district undertake any of 13 the programs ( (e-#) ) prescribed in this chapter in an area which is : 14 (a) More than ( (six) ) twelve miles beyond the paved end of any 15 runway ( (e-) )L 16 (b) More than ( (onc) ) two miles from the centerline of any runway 17 or from an imaginary runway centerline extending ( (six) ) twelve miles 18 from the paved end of such runway; or 19 (c) Outside of the area contained by a parabola where such 20 parabola is located at the terminal end of each runway and whose 21 shape and outer limits are denoted at a point two miles away from the p. 1 HB 2497 1 vertex along an x-axis, and at a point twelve miles away from the 2 vertex along a y-axis . 3 (2) Such areas as determined above, shall be known as "impacted 4 areas" . 5 Sec. 2. RCW 53 . 54 . 030 and 1993 c 150 s 1 are each amended to 6 read as follows : 7 (1) For the purposes of this chapter, in developing a remedial 8 program, the port commission may ( (utilize) ) take steps as 9 appropriate, including but not limited to one or more of the 10 following programs : 11 ( ( (1) ) ) (a) Acquisition of property or property rights within the 12 impacted area, which shall be deemed necessary to accomplish a port 13 purpose. The port district may purchase such property or property 14 rights by time payment notwithstanding the time limitations provided 15 for in RCW 53 . 08 . 010 . The port district may mortgage or otherwise 16 pledge any such properties acquired to secure such transactions . The 17 port district may assume any outstanding mortgages . 18 ( ( (2) ) ) (b) Transaction assistance programs, including assistance 19 with real estate fees and mortgage assistance, and other neighborhood 20 remedial programs as compensation for impacts due to aircraft noise 21 and noise associated conditions . Any such programs shall be in 22 connection with properties located within an impacted area and shall 23 be provided upon terms and conditions as the port district shall 24 determine appropriate. 25 ( ( (3) ) ) (c) Programs of soundproofing structures located within 26 an impacted area. Such programs may be executed without regard to the 27 ownership, provided the owner waives damages and conveys an easement 28 for the operation of aircraft, and for noise and noise associated 29 conditions therewith, to the port district. 30 ( ( (4) ) ) (d) Mortgage insurance of private owners of lands or 31 improvements within such noise impacted area where such private 32 owners are unable to obtain mortgage insurance solely because of 33 noise impact. In this regard, the port district may establish 34 reasonable regulations and may impose reasonable conditions and 35 charges upon the granting of such mortgage insurance ( ( : PROVIDED, 36 That) ) . Such mortgage insurance fees and charges shall at no time 37 exceed fees established for federal mortgage insurance programs for 38 like service. p. 2 HB 2497 1 ( ( (5) An individual property may be p.ovided benefits by the port 2 district under each of the pro-rates described in subsections (1) 3 through (4) of this section. IIowever, an individual property may not 4 be provided benefits undoT afty ogre of these programs more than once, 5 unless the property is s- bj-ectcd to increased aircraft noise or 6 differing aircraft noise impacts th -t world have afforded different 7 levels of mitigation, even if the p. operty owner had waived all 8 damages and conveyed a full and unrestricted casement. 9 (6) ) ) (e) Management of all lands, easements, or development 10 rights acquired, including but not limited to the following: 11 ( ( (a) ) ) (i) Rental of any or all lands or structures acquired; 12 ( ( (b) ) ) (ii) Redevelopment of any such lands for any economic use 13 consistent with airport operations, local zoning and the state 14 environmental policy; 15 ( ( (c) ) ) (iii) Sale of such properties for cash or for time 16 payment and subjection of such property to mortgage or other security 17 transaction: PROVIDED, That any such sale shall reserve to the port 18 district by covenant an unconditional right of easement for the 19 operation of all aircraft and for all noise or noise conditions 20 associated therewith. 21 ( ( (7) ) ) (2) An individual property may be provided benefits by 22 the port district under each of the programs described in subsection 23 (1) of this section. However, an individual property may not be 24 provided benefits under any one of these programs more than once, 25 unless the property is subjected to increased aircraft noise or 26 differing aircraft noise impacts that would have afforded different 27 levels of mitigation, even if the property owner had waived all 28 damages and conveyed a full and unrestricted easement. 29 (3) A property shall be considered within the impacted area if 30 any part thereof is within the impacted area. --- END --- p. 3 HB 2497 1/9/2019 Chapter 53.54 RCW:AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT Chapter Listing I RCW Dispositions Chapter 53.54 RCW AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT Sections 53.54.010 Programs for abatement of aircraft noise authorized. 53.54.020 Investigation and monitoring of noise impact Programs to conform to needs —"Impacted areas." 53.54.030 Authorized programs When property deemed within impacted area. 53.54.040 Fund authorized Sources. 53.54.900 Liberal construction Powers additional. 53.54.010 Programs for abatement of aircraft noise authorized. A port district operating an airport serving more than twenty scheduled jet aircraft flights per day may undertake any of the programs or combinations of such programs, as authorized by this chapter, for the purpose of alleviating and abating the impact of jet aircraft noise on areas surrounding such airport. [ 1974 ex.s. c 121 § 1.] 53.54.020 Investigation and monitoring of noise impact—Programs to conform to needs —"Impacted areas." Prior to initiating programs as authorized in this chapter, the port commission shall undertake the investigation and monitoring of aircraft noise impact to determine the nature and extent of the impact. The port commission shall adopt a program of noise impact abatement based upon the investigations and as amended periodically to conform to needs demonstrated by the monitoring programs: PROVIDED, That in no case may the port district undertake any of the programs of this chapter in an area which is more than six miles beyond the paved end of any runway or more than one mile from the centerline of any runway or from an imaginary runway centerline extending six miles from the paved end of such runway. Such areas as determined above, shall be known as "impacted areas". [ 1984 c 193 § 1; 1979 c 85 § 1; 1974 ex.s. c 121 § 2.] 53.54.030 Authorized programs—When property deemed within impacted area. For the purposes of this chapter, in developing a remedial program, the port commission may utilize one or more of the following programs: (1) Acquisition of property or property rights within the impacted area, which shall be deemed necessary to accomplish a port purpose. The port district may purchase such property or property rights https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=53.54&full=true 1/3 1/9/2019 Chapter 53.54 RCW:AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT by time payment notwithstanding the time limitations provided for in RCW 53.08.010. The port district may mortgage or otherwise pledge any such properties acquired to secure such transactions. The port district may assume any outstanding mortgages. (2) Transaction assistance programs, including assistance with real estate fees and mortgage assistance, and other neighborhood remedial programs as compensation for impacts due to aircraft noise and noise associated conditions. Any such programs shall be in connection with properties located within an impacted area and shall be provided upon terms and conditions as the port district shall determine appropriate. (3) Programs of soundproofing structures located within an impacted area. Such programs may be executed without regard to the ownership, provided the owner waives damages and conveys an easement for the operation of aircraft, and for noise and noise associated conditions therewith, to the port district. (4) Mortgage insurance of private owners of lands or improvements within such noise impacted area where such private owners are unable to obtain mortgage insurance solely because of noise impact. In this regard, the port district may establish reasonable regulations and may impose reasonable conditions and charges upon the granting of such mortgage insurance: PROVIDED, That such fees and charges shall at no time exceed fees established for federal mortgage insurance programs for like service. (5) An individual property may be provided benefits by the port district under each of the programs described in subsections (1) through (4) of this section. However, an individual property may not be provided benefits under any one of these programs more than once, unless the property is subjected to increased aircraft noise or differing aircraft noise impacts that would have afforded different levels of mitigation, even if the property owner had waived all damages and conveyed a full and unrestricted easement. (6) Management of all lands, easements, or development rights acquired, including but not limited to the following: (a) Rental of any or all lands or structures acquired; (b) Redevelopment of any such lands for any economic use consistent with airport operations, local zoning and the state environmental policy; (c) Sale of such properties for cash or for time payment and subjection of such property to mortgage or other security transaction: PROVIDED, That any such sale shall reserve to the port district by covenant an unconditional right of easement for the operation of all aircraft and for all noise or noise conditions associated therewith. (7) A property shall be considered within the impacted area if any part thereof is within the impacted area. [ 1993c150 § 1; 1985 c 115 § 1; 1974 ex.s. c 121 § 3.] 53.54.040 Fund authorized—Sources. A port district may establish a fund to be utilized in effectuating the intent of this chapter. The port district may finance such fund by: The proceeds of any grants or loans made by federal agencies; rentals, charges and other revenues as may be generated by programs authorized by this chapter, airport revenues; and revenue bonds based upon such revenues. The port district may also finance such fund, as necessary, in whole or in part, with the proceeds of general obligation bond issues of not more than one-eighth of one percent of the value of taxable property in the port district: PROVIDED, That any such bond issue shall be in addition to bonds authorized by RCW 53.36.030: PROVIDED FURTHER, https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=53.54&full=true 2/3 1/9/2019 Chapter 53.54 RCW:AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT That any such general obligation bond issue may be subject to referendum by petition as provided by county charter, the same as if it were a county ordinance. [ 1974 ex.s. c 121 § 4.] 53.54.900 Liberal construction—Powers additional. The rule of strict construction shall have no application to this chapter, which shall be liberally construed to carry out the purposes and objects for which this chapter is intended. The powers granted in this chapter shall be in addition to all others granted to port districts. [ 1974 ex.s. c 121 § 5.] https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx7cite=53.54&full=true 3/3 Budget Language for Study as Passed by State Legislature and Signed by Governor (63)(a) $300,000 of the general fund—state appropriation for fiscal year 2019 and $300,000 of the general fund—local appropriation are provided solely for the department to contract with a consultant to study the current and ongoing impacts of the SeaTac international airport. The general fund—state funding provided in this subsection serves as a state match and may not be spent unless $300,000 of local matching funds is transferred to the department. The department must seek feedback on project scoping and consultant selection from the cities listed in(b) of this subsection. (b) The study must include,but not be limited to: (i)The impacts that the current and ongoing airport operations have on quality of life associated with air traffic noise, public health, traffic, congestion, and parking in residential areas, pedestrian access to and around the airport, public safety and crime within the cities, effects on residential and nonresidential property values, and economic development opportunities, in the cities of SeaTac, Burien, Des Moines, Tukwila, Federal Way, Normandy Park, and other impacted neighborhoods; and (ii) Options and recommendations for mitigating any negative impacts identified through the analysis. (c) The department must collect data and relevant information from various sources including the port of Seattle, listed cities and communities, and other studies. (d) The study must be delivered to the legislature by December 1, 2019. ,1%.\ STATE re 1 I889 t'° Va lbington State Iegititature March 21, 2018 Brian Bonlender, Director Department of Commerce 1011 Plum Street SE P.O. Box 42525 Olympia, WA 98504-2525 RE: Study on the current and ongoing impacts of the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in ESSB 6032-Section 127(63) Dear Director Bonlender: Late in the legislative session, we received refined language related to the airport impact study referenced in Section 127(63) of Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill (ESSB) 6032. Unfortunately,there was not time to include the updated language. We respectfully ask the Department of Commerce to implement the provisions of Section 127(63) of ESSB 6032 using the following language: (63)(a)$300,000 of the general fund—state appropriation for fiscal year 2019 and$300,000 of the general fund—local appropriation are provided solely for the department to contract with a consultant to study the current and ongoing impacts of the Seattle-Tacoma international airport. The general fund—state funding provided in this subsection serves as a state match and may not be spent unless$300,000 of local matching funds is transferred to the department. (b) The final study scope shall be developed by the department, in consultation with organizations or entities including members of the legislature, the port of Seattle, and the cities listed in subsection (c)(i). (c) The study scope must include, but not be limited to: (i) The impacts that the current and ongoing airport operations have air traffic noise, public health, traffic, congestion, and parking in residential areas, effects on residential and nonresidential property values, and economic development opportunities, in the cities of SeaTac, Burien, Des Moines, Tukwila, Federal Way, Normandy Park; (ii) The benefits to the same cities referenced in (c)(i)derived due to proximity to the airport, including wages and taxes from airport-related operations,property tax derived from commercial development directly tied to airport-related operations, and improved access to transit resulting from proximity to the airport;and (iii) Options and recommendations for mitigating any negative impacts, or bolstering potential benefits identified through the analysis, including what role the state plays in addressing impacts and benefits. (d) The department must collect data and relevant information from various sources including the port of Seattle, listed cities and communities, regional planning agencies, and other studies. (e) The study must be delivered to the legislature by December 1, 2019. Additionally, it is our intent that the $300,000 of local matching funds need not be received prior to beginning the contracting process for the study and instead may be received, and deposited as local revenue, as costs to the Department are incurred. We intend to amend the 2017-19 Operating Budget next session to incorporate the updated language, but do not wish to delay the study and we encourage the Department to implement the study with the adjustments noted in this letter. If you have further questions, please let us know, or contact our operating budget staff. Sincerely, epresentative imm Ormsby Senator Christine Rolf•' House Appropriations Com tee Senate Ways and Means Committee cc: David Schumacher, Office of Financial Management Director Jim Crawford, Office of Financial Management Assistant Director Matt Bridges, Senate Democratic Caucus Senior Fiscal Analyst K.D. Chapman, House Democratic Caucus Deputy Policy Director Gwen Stamey, Office of Financial Management Budget Assistant Claire Goodwin,Senate Ways and Means Fiscal Analyst Meghan Morris, House Appropriations Committee JOINT TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE WASHINGTON STATE AIR CARGO MOVEMENT STUDY FINAL REPORT December 21, 2018 Submitted by ` ` SI )andKPhlD Acknowledgement.- CONSULTANT cknowledgementCONSULTANT TEAM AIR CARGO STUDY STAKEHOLDER PANEL Joe Bryan,WSP Bridget Wieghart,WSP Representative Judy Clibborn, Tom Phillips, KPA House Transportation Committee David Williams,WSP Senator Karen Keiser, Mark Kuttrus,WSP Senate Democratic Caucus Sebastian Guerrero,WSP Representative Bruce Chandler, Scudder Smith,WSP House Republican Caucus Gael Le Bris,WSP Representative Tom Dent, Paula Hammond,WSP House Republican Caucus John Van Woensel,WSP Representative Jake Fey, Brittany Hause,WSP House Transportation Committee Michael Babin,WSP Representative Mia Gregerson, Rita Brogan, PPR House Transportation Committee Representative Mark Hargrove, House Transportation Committee Representative Ed Orcutt, House Transportation Committee JOINT TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE Representative Tina Orwall, Beth Redfield House Democratic Caucus Mary Fleckenstein Senator Judy Warnick, Dave Catterson Senate Republican Caucus Josh Brown, Puget Sound Regional Council Sheri Call,WA Trucking Association STAFF WORK GROUP Johan Hellman, BNSF Railrway Hayley Gamble, David Fleckenstein,WSDOT Aviation Senate Transportation Committee Stephanie Bowman, Port of Seattle,Sea-Tac David Munnecke, Rich Mueller, Port of Moses Lake House Transportation Committee James Thompson,WA Ports Association Hannah McCarty, Larry Krauter,Spokane International Senate Democratic Caucus Mark Witsoe, Boeing Field Jackson Maynard, Michael Colmant, Boeing Field Senate Republican Caucus Jon Devaney,WA Tree Fruit Association Debbie Driver, Adam Drouhard,Alaska Airlines House Democratic Caucus PJ Cranmer,Commodity Forwarders Inc. Dana Quam, Spencer Hansen, FedEx House Republican Caucus Shawn McWhorter, Nippon Cargo Airlines Kathy Cody,Office of Financial Management Matt Hodson, SummitNW Rob Hodgman,WSDOT Aviation Jason Thibedeau, Puget Sound Regional Council Tom Green, Port of Seattle Todd Woodard,Spokane International Mark Witsoe, Boeing Field Kara Underwood, Paine Field Eric ffitch, Port of Seattle,Sea-Tac Bruce Beckett, Port of Moses Lake Jason Beloso,WSDOT Freight Chris Herman,WA Ports Association " Si ) Page 13 December 21, 2018 Final Report • CONTENTS Executive Summary I STUDY PROCESS I WASHINGTON AIR CARGO PROFILE II KEY FINDINGS II STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS IV RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION V NEXT STEPS VI Introduction 1.1 STUDY PURPOSE 1 1.2 STUDY BACKGROUND AND PROCESS 1 1.2.1 Technical Papers 1 1.2.2 Advisory Committees 2 1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT 3 2 Air Cargo Market Trends and Washington State Profile 4 2.1 AIR CARGO INDUSTRY BACKGROUND 5 2.2 NORTH AMERICA,WEST COAST,AND REGIONAL AIR CARGO ACTIVITY 5 2.2.1 U.S.Air Cargo Market 5 2.2.2 West Coast Air Cargo Market 6 2.2.3 Washington State Air Cargo 7 2.3 WASHINGTON STATE AIR CARGO MARKET CAPTURE 8 2.3.1 Exports 9 2.3.2 Imports 9 3 Washington State Air Cargo Forecast 11 3.1 OVERVIEW 11 3.2 RECENT MARKET TRENDS AFFECTING AIR CARGO 11 3.2.1 Global Economic Trends 11 3.2.2 Washington State Economic Trends 12 3.2.3 World Air Cargo Trends 13 3.2.4 Industry Forecasts of Air Cargo Activity 13 3.3 FORECAST OF AIR CARGO FOR WASHINGTON STATE 14 3.3.1 Introduction 14 3.3.2 Forecast Summary 14 4 Facility Requirements 16 4.1.1 Methodology 17 4.1.2 Findings 17 5 Air Cargo Congestion 20 6 Evaluation of How to Use Existing Capacity Across the State 22 6.1 INTRODUCTION 22 6.2 BASIC COMPONENTS NEEDED TO ATTRACT&MAINTAIN AIR-CARGO AIR SERVICE 22 6.2.1 Airport Market Area Requirements 23 6.2.2 Airport Location Requirements for Integrators 23 6.2.3 Airport Infrastructure Requirements 24 6.2.4 Financial Environment 25 6.2.5 Operational Freedom 26 ` ` Page Ii Final Report December 21, 2018 CONTENTS , 6.2.6 Highlights of Basic Components Needed to Attract Air Cargo Service 26 6.3 BEYOND THE BASICS 27 6.4 ASSESSMENT OF OPPORTUNITIES 27 6.4.1 Chartered Traditional All-Cargo Airlines 28 6.4.2 Scheduled Traditional All-Cargo and Passenger Belly-Cargo Airlines 30 6.4.3 Integrator/Express All-Cargo Airlines 32 6.4.4 Third-Party Logistics Companies/Distribution Centers 33 6.5 CONCLUSIONS 36 7 Recommendations and Implementation Strategies 38 7.1 PURPOSE,VISION,GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 38 7.1.1 Purpose 38 7.1.2 Vision 39 7.1.3 Strategic Goals 39 7.1.4 Air Cargo Strategic Objectives 40 7.2 RECOMMENDATIONS 40 7.2.1 Recommendation 1:Establish a Washington State Air Cargo Development Program 40 7.2.2 Recommendation 2:Create an Air Cargo Assistance Program 43 7.2.3 Recommendation 3:Air Cargo Marketing Program 44 7.2.4 Recommendation 4:Develop a Cargo Community System 46 7.2.5 Recommendation 5:Air Cargo Statistics and Data Collection 47 7.2.6 Recommendation 6:Support Development of Airport Logistics/Distribution Centers 47 7.2.7 Recommendation 7:Measure Performance 49 7.3 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY 49 8 Summary of Findings and Recommendations 51 8.1 KEY FINDINGS 51 8.2 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS 53 8.2.1 Strategic Recommendations 53 8.2.2 Recommendations for Implementation 53 iilPa9e NN SI ) Final Report December 21, 2018 CONTENTS TABLE Table 1. Air Cargo Forecast for Washington State* (metric tons) 11 Table 2. Washington State (Preferred)-Air Cargo Forecast 15 Table 3. Summary of Recommendations 54 FIGURE Figure 1. Top 25 U.S.Air Cargo Airports (by weight) 6 Figure 2. Washington State Air Cargo Volume,2006-2016 (metric tons) 7 Figure 3. Secondary Washington State Air Cargo Markets (metric tons) 8 Figure 4. United States,Washington State, and Washington State Airport Shares of Air Imports by World Region 9 Figure 5. Washington State Air Imports and Exports 13 Figure 6. Washington State (Preferred)-Air Cargo Forecast 15 Figure 7. Airports Inventoried by the Study 16 Figure 8. Sea-Tac- Proposed Air Cargo Redevelopment and South Aviation Support Area (Draft Master Plan) 19 Figure 9. Cherry Exporter Locations in Washington State 29 Figure 10. Grant County International Airport Situation Map 32 Figure 11. Spokane International Airport Business Park 35 Figure 12. Air Cargo Development Program Organization 42 APPENDICES Appendix A-Market,Facilities and Forecast Technical Report Appendix B-Air Cargo Congestion Appendix C-Evaluate How to Use Existing Capacity across Washington State Appendix D-Recommendations and Implementation Strategies ` ` N I ) iii Final Report December 21, 2018 CONTENTS GLOSSARY Air Cargo Air cargo is made up of freight and mail that moves by air. It can be carried on freighter aircraft or in the lower(belly) holds of passenger aircraft. Air Charter The business of renting an entire aircraft as opposed to buying space for an individual shipment, usually from an airline offering a non-scheduled service. Air Freight All air cargo other than mail. Air Freight Serving a dual role,the air freight forwarder is,to the Forwarder shipper,an indirect carrier,so classified because he receives freight from the shippers under his own tariff,usually consolidating it into larger units that he tenders to the airlines.To the airlines,the air freight forwarder is a shipper. .� All-Cargo Refers to a Federal Aviation Regulations Part 121 air Carrier carrier that only operates freighter aircraft and does not carry passengers. Belly Cargo Air cargo carried in the lower holds of passenger aircraft. Bill of Lading The document that is provided to the shipper by the shipping line(or his agent) designating the cargo being carried and the terms and conditions. It is a negotiable document, in that the holder of the Bill of Lading may transfer his rights in the cargo to someone else;that is,the cargo can be sold and change hands while it is at sea. Business-to- Many companies are now focusing on this strategy, Business(B2B) and their sites concentrate on businesses (think wholesale),and only other businesses can access or buy products on the site. Internet analysts predict this will be the biggest sector on the web. Business-to- Terms used to indicate the hundreds of e-commerce Consumer(B2C) websites that sell goods directly to consumers.This distinction is important when comparing to Business-to-Business websites since the business model,strategy,execution,and fulfillment differ. Capacity Ensuring that needed resources (e.g.,distribution Planning center capacity,transportation vehicles)will be available at the right time and place to meet logistics and supply chain needs. Cargo A neutral and open electronic platform,enabling Community intelligent and secure information exchange System between public and private stakeholders in order to improve the competitive position of airport communities. Carrier A term that refers to who is transporting the goods. Thus,ocean carrier is the shipping line, and air carrier is the airline. Commercial Air An air carrier certificated in accordance with Feder Carrier Aviation Regulations Part 121 to conduct scheduled service on specified routes.Air carriers may also provide nonscheduled and charter service. Consignee The person or party named in the Bill of Lading as the person or party to whom the goods are consigned. ivlPage " Si Final Report December 21, 2018 Containerizatio The practicetechniqueusing or of a box-like or other CONTENTS n device in which packages are stored, protected,and handled as a unit in transit.Containers used by ocean, rail,and truck are of standardized construction,while containers used by air carriers differ in size,weight,shape,and construction. Customs A broker who, upon examination, is certified by the Brokers U.S. Customs and Border Protection to act for importers and others in handling for them the sequence of Customs formalities and other details attendant to the legal and expeditious importing of goods. Distribution The customer's facility from which vendor orders are Center(DC) received and then distributed to the appropriate stores. Foreign Flag An air carrier other than a U.S.flag carrier in Carrier international transportation. Foreign Trade An area or zone set aside at or near a port or airport, Zone under the control of the U.S.Customs and Border Protection,for holding goods duty-free,pending customs clearance. Freedoms ofA set of commercial aviation rights granting a the Air I country's airlines to overfly another country's airspace and to land for a technical stop as well as the privilege pick up and discharge traffic in another country's territory. Gateway A point which freight moving from one territory to another is interchanged between transportation lines. Integrated An all-cargo carrier that provides door-to-door Carrier service. lntegrator/Expr An all-cargo carrier that provides door-to-door,small ess All-Cargo package,time-definite service,typically using their Airlines own aircraft,truck and package sorting facilities; (e.g., FedEx, UPS,and DHL) Intermodal The movement of goods and/or persons by two or more modes of transportation between specific origins and destinations. (The term intermodal is 1 often used in the industry to refer to utilizing, rail and/or truck containerized transport services with or without an oceangoing link.) Logistics The process of planning, implementing,and controlling the efficient,effective flow and storage of goods,services,and related information from point of origin to point of consumption in order to conform to customer requirements. Logistics Park A defined area for the activities related to transports, logistics and distribution of goods. Manifest Document containing full list of a ship's cargo extracted from the Bills-of-Lading. Marketshed A geographic zone containing the people or (or Market businesses who are likely to purchase a firm's goods Area) or services. Metric Ton A metric unit equivalent to 2,204.6 pounds. " S ) Page Iv Final Report December 21, 2018 CONTENTS Multimodal Refers to a seamless mode of transportation utilizing all appropriate modes of transportation (ocean, rail, trucking,and/or air services) to transport shipments on a single ocean Bill of Lading. Narrow-Body Also known as a single-aisle aircraft, has limited Aircraft capability to carry air cargo due to the small size of the aircraft frame.A narrow-body freighter can carry air cargo on the main deck of the aircraft as well as the lower hold area.A Boeing 737 freighter can carry approximately 22 tons of cargo while a Boeing 737 passenger aircraft can carry approximately 5 tons of luggage and belly cargo. Passenger Provide airport-to-airport air cargo service for freight Belly-Cargo forwarders utilizing the lower deck of their Airlines passenger aircraft. Road Feeder A service offered by an airline to move its carried Service goods to and from the aircraft and/or terminal by road service.This service allows an airline to offer services to a city to which it does not fly.Some such services are allocated an airline flight number. Supply Chain The material and informational interchanges in the logistical process stretching from acquisition of raw materials to delivery of finished products to the end user. Supply Chain The practice of controlling all the interchanges in the Management logistics process from acquisition of raw materials to delivery to end user. Third-Party An outsourced company that can offer value-added Logistics services such as custom packaging or product Companies enhancement,thus freeing the client to focus on running core operations. Traditional Air An all-cargo airline or a passenger belly cargo airline Cargo Airline that provides airport-to-airport service in support of the freight forwarder, utilizing a network of air cargo terminal operators and freight forwarders.There are few limits on the size and or type of cargo carried by the traditional all-cargo airlines. Transit Air i Procedures under which air cargo imports move Cargo Manifest through the gateway city to the city of final U.S. Procedures Customs and Border Protection designation for the collection of duty and other import processing, thereby expediting shipment movements, reducing gateway congestion,and saving expense for importers,the U.S.Customs and Border Protection, and the airlines. Transload The transfer of a product from one mode to another and the physical transfer from one type of containing device to another. U.S.Flag Carrier An air carrier holding a certificate issued by the Department of Transportation,and approved by the President,authorizing the carrier to provide scheduled operations over a specified route between the United States and one or more foreign countries. Value Added The additional amount a customer is willing to pay for an item as it is transformed from a raw material into a finished product. vilPage `N Final Report December 21, 2018 CONTENTS Wide-Body Also known as a twin-aisle aircraft, is an airplane 7 Aircraft with a fuselage wide enough to accommodate two passenger aisles with seven or more seats abreast. A passenger wide-body aircraft can carry containerized cargo in the lower hold (belly) of the aircraft,while a wide-body freighter can carry air cargo on the main deck of the aircraft as well as the lower hold area.A Boeing 777 freighter can carry approximately 70-80 tons of air cargo,while a passenger 777 can carry approximately 30 tons of belly cargo and luggage. ACRONYMS ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program CPM Cargo Program Management GDP Gross Domestic Product ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization JTC Joint Transportation Committee of the Washington State Legislature KPI Key performance indicators SEA Seattle-Tacoma International Airport TIACA The International Air Cargo Association WASP Washington Aviation System Plan WSDOT Washington State Department of Transportation XX I ) Page lvii December 21, 2018 Final Report Executive Summary STUDY PURPOSE The Joint Transportation Committee of the Washington State Legislature initiated this study to evaluate the current and future capacity of the Washington state airports handled $47.6 billion in statewide air cargo system. freight in 2015,compared to state GDP of$452 The study objectives are the following: billion. Looking into the future,the value of Washington state air cargo is expected to grow at • Educate policy makers about air cargo 4.4 percent per year in real value terms out to 2045.This is faster growth than the general movement at Washington airports. economy, implying that air cargo will play an ever • Explore possibilities for accommodating the more important function in the state's logistics. growing air cargo market at more airports around the state. • Identify the State of Washington's interest and role in addressing issues arising from air cargo congestion. Seattle-Tacoma International Airport(Sea-Tac or SEA)dominates the Washington state air cargo market.The Washington State Department of Transportation's Washington Aviation System Plan (2017)states: "the ability of SEA to accommodate and expand air cargo activity, particularly international freighter service, should be closely monitored due to recent, dramatic, increases in demand and discussions of expansion of air passenger and maintenance, repair and overhaul activities." This study identifies opportunities and constraints for utilizing capacity at a variety of existing airports around the state to meet the increasing demand for cargo operations. STUDY PROCESS The Washington State Air Cargo Movement Study included four technical white papers as well as review and input by advisory committees and periodic check-ins with the Joint Transportation Committee in November 2017,July 2018,and November 2018.All technical papers are available as the appendices to the final report for the study. The study process relied on input from a staff work group and a stakeholder panel,each of whom met four times throughout the course of the study. The staff workgroup included legislative and agency staff members as well as representatives from industry associations and all of the largest Washington airports.They provided guidance and input to the technical methods and results as well as insight into the interests of their respective organizations and committees.The staff work group also collaborated on recommendations to the stakeholder panel. NN Page II Final Report December 21, 2018 The stakeholder panel included legislators,top agency officials,airport representatives,and industry representatives.They reviewed the results and recommendations at a higher level with a focus on the implications for their constituents.The stakeholder panel provided input on recommendations to the Joint Transportation Commission,the legislature and the governor,who will make final decisions. WASHINGTON AIR CARGO PROFILE Air cargo in Washington state is primarily generated by activity at Sea-Tac,King County International Airport(Boeing Field),and Spokane International Airport. Sea-Tac and Boeing Field combined have an 85 percent share of the total Washington state air cargo market.Spokane,the third largest cargo airport in the state,represents an 11 percent share of the Washington state market.Other non-hub and small / commercial passenger airports within the state account i for only 4 percent of the total air cargo volumes moved in 2016. grit Sea-Tac is the dominant commercial airport in the state.It g�g�}}�� has more than 35 scheduled airlines that offer nonstop narrow-body and wide-body service to over 90 domestic and 30 international destinations. In 2017 the airport accommodated 46.9 million air passengers(up 2.6 percent from 2016),and processed 425,856 metric tons of air cargo(up 16.2 percent)from the previous year. Boeing Field in King County serves as an important regional gateway airport for the integrator/express airline UPS,as well as a center for business aviation and an industrial aerospace facility for the Boeing Company. Spokane International Airport is the dominant eastern Washington commercial service airport.It also serves as a key air cargo transshipment and distribution center for FedEx and UPS.The Spokane International Airport Business Park is home to a new 2.4 million square foot e-commerce fulfillment center. A 10-year forecast of air cargo demand conducted as part of this study anticipates air cargo tonnage in Washington state to grow at a compounded annual average growth rate of 4.4 percent.This will result in 870,000 annual metric tons of enplaned and deplaned air cargo in 2026,up from 566,000 metric tons in 2016. Sea-Tac is anticipated to reach 580,000 metric tons during the forecast period. KEY FINDINGS The term"air cargo congestion"commonly describes situations when demand increases beyond what airports and cargo carriers can efficiently handle.This definition,however,does not adequately convey the complexity and interdependence between different elements of the air cargo system.The air cargo system comprises both on-airport facilities and services(e.g.,airlines,ground handlers,cargo terminals,aircraft parking,on-airport parking,federal inspection services)and off-airport facilities and services (e.g.,freight forwarders,trucking terminals,warehouses,sort facilities,customs brokers, shippers and receivers).Capacity constraints at any one of these components can cause congestion. Page III NNI ) December 21,2018 Final Report Effects of congestion become evident long before capacity is reached.In congested conditions,each additional unit of cargo increases costs for everyone and creates higher rates,longer queues,and more unreliability.Shippers/carriers must consider alternatives or become less competitive.Additionally, due to the character of the market and cargo operations,there are only limited immediate alternatives for a given air cargo shipment. If competitor airports are as congested,or worse,than a given primary gateway,shippers may have no choice but to incur the increased costs. As part of our analysis,we considered congestion at competitive airports to Sea-Tac throughout the West Coast.In general,Sea-Tac performs as well or better than its major West Coast competitors in terms of delays.Nonetheless,it is important for regional competitiveness to attempt to manage congestion and provide the most efficient air cargo system possible. In regards to on-airport capacity,the planning analysis found that,absent any infrastructure investment, Sea-Tac will face a deficit of on-airport cargo buildings starting in 2021 that will reach 75,000 square feet by 2026.According to the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport's Sustainable Airport Master Plan,there will be 330,000 square feet of cargo buildings developed as part of its"near-term projects,"to be in development by 2027.Another 400,000 square feet of on-airport cargo buildings are envisioned as well;however,these are not included in the near-term projects and would require further study after 2027.A major issue facing Sea-Tac is that future air cargo facilities at the airport will be expensive to develop and must compete for scarce Port of Seattle resources being used for overall airport expansion. Adding to the complexity of accommodating future air cargo growth at Sea-Tac is that solutions for accommodating required air cargo facilities and services off-airport are limited because of increasing traffic congestion.The Washington State Department of Transportation(WSDOT) reported in 2016 that Puget Sound traffic delays had increased 91.2 percent in five years.By the year 2040,the Puget Sound region is expected to grow by about 800,000 people.Land prices are rising rapidly throughout the region,including around the airport and in the warehousing district nearby in Kent Valley.According to the 2015 WSDOT Corridor Capacity Report,increasing congestion threatens the economic health of the Puget Sound region,home to 70 percent of Washington state's economic activity.The report adds that businesses will be reluctant to continue to invest and expand in the region without a modern transportation network that moves people and products reliably. It is important to recognize that inhibitors to the growth of the Washington state air cargo industry are not only a transportation-related issue,but an economic development one as well.Washington state airports handled$47.6 billion in freight in 2015,compared to state GDP of$452 billion.The value of Washington state air cargo is expected to grow at 4.4 percent per year in real terms out to 2045.Air cargo handled by airports in the state is projected to reach$173.6 billion by 2045.Air cargo value grows faster than the general economy in this forecast,implying that air cargo will play an ever more important function in the state's logistics. Beyond the value of the commodities that make up the air cargo market is the fact that high-value supply chains rely on the worldwide connectivity and security provided by air cargo to grow their businesses and compete in a global marketplace.Shippers value travel time by air 18 times more than travel time by truck,and they value reliability 142 times more by air than by truck.Risks to reliability XX N I ) iii Final Report December 21, 2018 from air cargo congestion can impose a substantial economic penalty.To remain competitive to global businesses,Washington state needs to ensure an effective and efficient air cargo network. STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS Traditional and non-traditional options exist for expanding and developing new air cargo and logistics services for Washington state To attract the logistics/distribution market,the airports.The three most immediate air cargo state should promote to individual airports the "inland port"or airport logistics park model used development opportunities for Washington state airports are the following: by Rickenbacker International Airport and Huntsville International, leveraging their • Maintain and expand the existing designations as US Ports of Entry, Foreign Trade Zones and branding themselves"Global Logistics integrator(i.e.,Amazon,DHL,FedEx,UPS) Centres"and actively recruiting intermodal operations around the state in conjunction business in the ocean cargo,railroad and motor with the private sector. carrier markets. ■ Attract air charter operations for exports of agricultural products,particularly perishable freight and vegetables,from central Washington airports. • Develop non-hub airports into centers for regional ground-based logistical operations. In the longer term,scheduled freighter service becomes a more realistic goal for some airports such as Spokane International,Snohomish County and,possibly,Grant County International as they have the market access,runway characteristics,ground-handling capabilities,landside facilities,and highway access necessary to accommodate international aircraft.Also,with the emergence of e-commerce as a force in the new economy,the State of Washington should be proactive in courting e-commerce fulfillment centers by highlighting the state's airports,Pacific Rim location,developable land,and gateway hubs for the major integrator airlines. The most effective approach Washington state airports can take with the integrator carriers is to be knowledgeable of each individual integrator carrier's business model—since each carrier is different— and to be attuned to both the national and local market dynamics for each individual integrator carrier. The State of Washington and individual airports should build an in-house knowledge base for Amazon, DHL,FedEx,SF Express,UPS,and the US Postal Service. Development of the air cargo charter market will hinge on an airport's ability to provide ground- handling and cargo-handling services for both narrow-body and wide-body freighter aircraft at a competitive price.Proactive marketing to introduce and promote Washington state airports to the airline,freight forwarder and shipping community is also critical to expanding both the cargo charter market and scheduled service market. As further described in Section 5.4 of the Evaluate How to Use Existing Capacity Across Washington State white paper(Appendix C),the rationale behind marketing to the logistics/distribution industry,with the initial focus on surface distribution,is to build up the business and forwarder infrastructure in the airport region.Attracting surface-based logistics/distribution services to an airport would provide the Page SIV NNSI ) December 21, 2018 Final Report basic freight forwarder and trucking network needed to attract air cargogive the and airport more exposure in the freight Air Charter Example: distribution industry.Certain airports can Cherry Pilot from Grant County International position themselves as a cost-effective Airport,Summer 2018 supply/distribution chain distribution points. Grant County International Airport had been Beginning with truck-based distribution,an actively soliciting charters for cherries for years. In airport-related"inland port and logistics 2017,the backups at Sea Tac during peak cherry season were such that the berries sat too long and service center"could also accommodate air got too warm and the quality of this luxury item cargo charters with the long-term strategy of was compromised. In June 2018,a major shipper attracting scheduled air cargo service. of fresh fruit initiated a pilot project to prove the concept for shipping cherries from Moses Lake to Development of airport-related logistics/ China. distribution centers,airport logistics parks or Result: Eleven charter planes carried 200 to inland ports helps small and non-hub 250 thousand pounds of cherries each,for a commercial service airports to generate non- typical time of three days from tree to international customer while maintaining aviation revenue while building up the facilities and services necessary to attract air consistent cold temperatures.The cold chain was proven successful. cargo.Logistics facilities and services located strategically within the state could take some Grant County's advantage: Improved fruit condition resulting from significantly less truck of the pressure off the Port of Seattle and Sea travel due to proximity to orchards and Tac,by accommodating activities that significantly reduced dwell time in summer traditionally take place at,or near these heat due to efficiency of handling. In addition, facilities.This also begins to develop the the airport boasts significantly cheaper airport logistics infrastructure needed to attract more landing fees than Sea-Tac. business to smaller metropolitan regions. Grant County's investment: Provision of an existing air cargo freight loader,conversion of The next section describes specific a maintenance hangar to cold storage using recommendations to implement these temporary cooling units,paving and electrical strategic recommendations.While they are upgrades. directed to the State of Washington for action, success will depend on involvement and support of the private-sector companies involved in the air cargo industry. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION The Air Cargo and Logistics Business Development Strategic Plan provides a road map for the State of Washington to follow in building an air cargo development agenda and seeing ideas put into action. This starts with developing clear lines of responsibility and authority for the development of the air cargo system. The plan recommends creation of an Air Cargo Development Program to be led by a new position—the Air Cargo Program Manager—that could be housed in either the Department of Commerce or WSDOT. The Air Cargo Program Manager would be responsible for convening an Air Cargo Development Group from existing agency staff and working with them to implement the following activities: NNSI = v Final Report December 21, 2018 • Cargo Community System • General/Indirect Marketing • Air Cargo Statistics and Data Collection • Facility and Service Development • Airport Logistics/Distribution Centers To achieve the State of Washington's vision of a statewide system of on-airport and off-airport air cargo facilities working in concert to accommodate air cargo demand,it is recommended that the legislature institute the Air Cargo Management Program and give it three principal elements: • Air Cargo Resource Assistance Program-A coordinated program to ensure the timely creation of services and facilities for which there is a perceived market need(e.g.,revitalizing existing infrastructure,and creating new facilities,a community cargo system,and air cargo logistics parks) • Air Cargo Marketing Program-A program with a focus on brand creation and dissemination, implementation of marketing strategies,creation of a Washington State value proposition, customer research and market intelligence,advertising campaign,and conference participation. • Air Cargo Program Management-Each of the above program elements are interrelated and depend on a strong program manager to coordinate efforts and advocate for moving the State of Washington forward in achieving the objectives outlined previously. Table 3 summarizes the proposed recommendations.It includes an assessment of the relative priority (high,medium or low)as well as a general indication of timing(short,medium or long term).The recommendations are focused on the higher priority actions that could be completed in the near-and medium terms. NEXT STEPS Implementation of specific recommendations should begin immediately.Many recommendations can be implemented in the short term.A more detailed implementation plan will need to be developed by the Air Cargo Development Working Group and Air Cargo Program Manager.They should address specific actions and responsibilities regarding the individual recommendations in order for them to reach fruition. S I ) Page BVI N` December 21, 2018 Final Report Table ES-1. Summary of Recommendations Potential Recommendation Lead Entity Priority" Recommendation 1:Establish Air Cargo Legislature H S Development Program Recommendation 1A: Hire Air Cargo Program WSDOT or H S Management staff(CPM) Commerce Recommendation 1B:Convene Air Cargo Development Working Group CPM H S Recommendation 2:Create Air Cargo Resources Program CPM H S Recommendation 2A: Provide Air Cargo Resource CPM H S Assistance Recommendation 2B: Propose New Policies and CPM/Air Cargo H M Programs as Needed Working Group Recommendation 3:Establish Air Cargo Marketing CPM H S Program Recommendation 3A: Brand and Promote WA Airport System CPM H S Recommendation 3B:Continued Market Analysis CPM H M Recommendation 4:Develop Cargo Community System CPM H M Recommendation 4A:Create a Web Portal with Information on WA Airports CPM H S Recommendation 48: Establish WA Air Cargo Industry Association Working Group H M Recommendation 4C: Initiate a Feasibility Study CPM H S Recommendation 5:Collect Air Cargo Statistics WSDOT Aviation M S and Data Recommendation 5A: Report Air Cargo Data WSDOT Aviation M M Recommendation 6:Support Development of Airport Logistics Centers CPM H M Recommendation 6A: Develop Guide for Establishment of Airport Logistics Parks and Free CPM H M Trade Zones Recommendation 6B: Develop or Adapt Grant CPM H M Program for Air Cargo Feasibility Studies Recommendation 7:Measure Performance CPM H M `` Page IVII City Hall Ihh, CITY OF 33325 8thAvenue South . Federal Way Federal Way,WA 98003-6325 253-835-7000 Centered onOpportunitywww.cityoffederalway.corn Jim Ferrell,Mayor Date: October 17,2018 To: Yarden Weidenfeld From: EJ Walsh,P.E.,Public Works Director Cc: PW Managers Re: 2019 Legislative Agenda As requested, below please find possible suggestions for the 2019 Legislative Agenda. If you have any questions, or need any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me. /EJW Small Cell Technology(Federal Level Regulation) Work to protect the City's Right of Way specifically related to franchise utilities. The telecommunication industry has been lobbying for legislation which requires Cities to relax standards,short cut review and permitting processes, restrict review timelines to infeasible lengths with current resource levels and cap fees cities can charge to both process permits and lease Right of Way space. Their primary goal is to allow an easier, cheaper, process to install utilities,specifically small cell technology. Transportation Projects Funded at$50 Million Level City Center Access City Center Access is a project to improve access across and to 1-5 from the planned urban center of Federal Way's City Center area. It would improve intermodal and multi-modal access to the City Center by modifying the existing over-utilized S 320th Street interchange in order to better accommodate concentrated urban growth and provide multi-modal connections across 1-5. South 324th Street Extension The 5 324th Street Extension would provide multi-modal access to and across 1-5,providing a relief route to the congested 5 320th Street interchange,and support planned intense urban development in Federal Way's Urban Growth Center, as designated by Puget Sound Regional Council. Funded at$20 Million Level Improvements to the SW 336th-SW340t Corridor Construct the SW 336th St to SW 34e St corridor,including a roundabout at SW 340th Street and Hoyt Road SW. This area has seen an increased level of congestion from traffic combining from the City of Tacoma Brown's Point Area and the City of Federal Way. Traffic is projected to continue to increase with further development in north east Tacoma. Widen 5 356t St between 1st Ave S and SR-99(Pacific Highway S) • This area has seen an increased level of congestion and traffic from the combined Brown's Point portion of the City of Tacoma and south west portion of the City of Federal Way. With the Sound Transit Tacoma Dome Link Extension project, this corridor is anticipated to be a vital connection for travelers going to the South Federal Way Station. Funded at$5 Million Level Improvements to SR-509(S Dash Point Road)between 16th Ave S and 9th Place S Construct the north side of SR-509 between 9th Place S and 16th Ave S, and extend improvements past 5 301 St. This will provide for increased traffic capacity while also improving local safety to both vehicular and pedestrian traffic. State Route 99(Pacific Highway S)at S 373`d Street The intersection at State Route 99 and 5 373rd Street has a failing level of service. Provide for increased traffic capacity and local access by constructing a roundabout at the intersection and extending ft Avenue South to it. Increase Circulation and Traffic Capacity in Downtown Federal Way The City of Federal Way has limited connections from the downtown area to the regional transportation network coupled with limited ways to disperse traffic at the connection points. To partially address this a dispersed project includes:Reconstruction of S 314th St between Pete von Reichbauer Way S and 23'd Ave 5,all but 25%of this section of roadway is a private street in a failing condition;extending sidewalks on S 312th Street from Steel Lake Park going west;integration of Phases Ill and IV of the Adaptive Traffic Control System(S 312th St,SW Campus Dr and ft Ave Stand construction of sidewalk on S 336th St between SR-99, Pacific Highway S and 20th Ave S. 16th Ave S between S 344th St and S 348th St Construct a south bound auxiliary lane between S 344th St and S 348th St along 16th Ave 5 to improve traffic circulation and capacity in an area that has seen a continued decline in level of service. Funded at$1 Million Level Traffic Improvements to SR-509(S Dash Point Road) There are several improvement locations along SR-509 that would allow greater traffic circulation, reduction in traffic delays,and increase in safety to both vehicular and traffic safety. These include 4th Ave 5,SW 301St St,and 12th Ave SW. These could be left-turn lanes,roundabouts or a combination. Each location is an individual project at this funding level. Signalize the intersection at 21g Ave S and S 320th St Allow for increased traffic management through the construction of a signal at 21st Ave S and S 320th St and integration into the adaptive traffic management system. Solid Waste and Recycling Support Engrossed 2nd Substitute HB 2914. This bill has two primary objectives;first, bring together industry, policy makers and the Department of Ecology to craft public outreach to increase public awareness about properly managing their solid waste.Second, it directs the Department of Commerce to perform an economic analysis of recycling,focusing on overcoming barriers to responsible recycling,and identifying opportunities to increase local capacity to consume recycled materials—turning these materials into new products.