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Cultural Resources Report CULTURAL RESOURCES REPORT COVER SHEET Author: Brett R. Lenz TITLE OF REPORT: CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT FOR THE DANILCHIK PLAT, FEDERAL WAY, KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON Date of Report: June 20, 2019 County(ies): King Section: 4 Township: 21N Range: 3E Quad: Des Moines 7.5 Acres: 22 PDF of report submitted (REQUIRED) Yes Historic Property Inventory Forms to be Approved Online? Yes No Archaeological Site(s)/Isolate(s) Found or Amended? Yes No TCP(s) found? Yes No Replace a draft? Yes No Satisfy a DAHP Archaeological Excavation Permit requirement? Yes # No DAHP Archaeological Site #: 2 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT FOR THE DANILCHIK PLAT, FEDERAL WAY, KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON By Brett R. Lenz, PhD and Andrew Murphy, MS, RPA Prepared for American Classic Homes Mercer Island, Wa Prepared by Columbia Geotechnical Associates, Inc. 16541 Redmond Way, Suite 244C Redmond, WA 98052 CGA Report 192019 June 20, 2019 3 ABSTRACT Prior to the development of a new subdivision located in Federal Way, American Family Homes contracted with Columbia Geotechnical Associates (CGA) to produce a cultural resource assessment on two parcels of land at 30231 20th Ave S, (King County Parcels # 0421049012 and 0421049221) in King County, Washington (Figure 1). King County and the State of Washington Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP; RCW27.53) stipulate that cultural resource investigations must be completed prior to the granting of any permits related to ground disturbance due to the potential for cultural resources to exist in the project area. This report is intended to meet these requirements and facilitate the project moving forward in compliance. Based on the results of this overview, the chance of impacting cultural resources as a result of any ground disturbing activity is effectively zero. CGA recommends no further consideration of cultural resources at the project location. 4 Introduction Project Description This report presents the results of a cultural resource assessment for a new development located 30231 20th Ave S, (King County Parcels # 0421049012 and 0421049221) in King County, Washington as shown on the project location map (Figure 1). The project proponent proposes to subdivide an approximately 22 acre site consisting of two tax parcels into approximately 66 single family lots. An on-site wetland and stream will be retained, along with a critical area buffer. The project sits in an upland setting, a formerly glaciated plain with an incised perennial drainage in its valley floor. Cultural resources research included a review of the historic and archaeological site files at the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP) in Olympia, WA, a review of local GLO maps and files, a literature review, a physical field survey, and the production of this report. Columbia Geotechnical Associates, Inc. (CGA) background research identified archaeological sites in the vicinity of the project. The following report describes the process and outcome of our investigation. Location and Legal Description The project site is located within the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 4, Township 20 North, Range 3 East, Willamette Meridian, King County, Washington (Figures 1, 2). The property is in an upland setting, covering 22 acres. Environmental and Cultural Setting Overview Knowledge of the geologic processes associated with the landforms in this area can assist in locating archaeological resources. The mapped parent material immediately underlying the project consists of reworked glacial sediment in a recessional environment with a thin veneer of post-glacial sediment. Deposition of Holocene sediments filled post-glacial incision beginning upstream from the project area, continuing through to its drainage mouth at Poverty Bay. This depositional setting ensures that archaeological sites lie within the thin Holocene veneer sediments and should be easy to identify. Climate and Biota The project is located within the Western Hemlock vegetation zone (J.F. Franklin and C.T. Dyrness 1988). The inland landscape has not changed significantly over the last 7,000 years. The recent to modern climate in the project vicinity is temperate, with moderate, relatively dry summers and mild, cool winters. The natural vegetation of the area has been modified to varying degrees by logging, agriculture, and urban development since the mid 1800s. Historically, the area was covered with dense forests consisting of Douglas fir, western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), western red cedar (Thuja plicata), big-leaf maple (Acer amplum), red alder (Alnus rubra), willow (Salix L.), and vine maple (Acer circinatum Pursh). Ferns, mosses, salal (Gaultheria shallon), Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium), ocean spray (Holodiscus discolor), snowberry (Symphoricarpos), wild rose (Rosa L.), red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium), blackberry (Rubus Eubatus), and salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis) were abundant (J.F. Franklin and C.T. Dyrness 1988). 5 Figure 1. Tacoma North 7.5 quad map highlighting Project location (Black polygon). 6 Where available, these plants continue to support a diverse range of fauna. While few species thrive in the area today, the historic period landscape would have supported a greater number of plants and animals. Black-tailed deer (O. hemionus columbianus), bear (Ursus americanus), bobcat (felis rufus), cougar (Puma concolor), wolf (Canis lupus), elk (Cervus elaphus), raccoon (Procyon lotor), skunk (Mephitis), beaver (Castor Canadensis), pheasants (Phasianus colchicus torquatus), waterfowl, heron (Cochlearius cochlearius), salmon and trout (Oncorhynchus) are some of the resources common to the area. Figure 2. Overview of project within tree canopy (Towards west). Pre-History of Project Area The first human occupation of Washington State may date back about 14,000 years to the Manis Mastodon site at Sequim, where a possible bone point and the spirally fractured bones of a mastodon suggest human hunting and butchering (Gustafson et al. 1979). The next phase of human occupation in Washington was between 13,000 and 13,500 years ago and referred to as 7 the Clovis culture. There have been a few isolated locales in southern and central Puget Sound, but no campsite of this culture has yet been found in Washington. Following the Clovis period, there are the Early (approximately 12,000 to 7,000 years ago), then the Middle (7,000 to 3,500 years ago) and Late (3,500 to 150 years ago) periods. Sites deposited during the Early period, typically occur on high marine and river terraces, sometimes at a significant distance from modern water courses, and consist of concentrations of cobble cores, flakes, large ovate knives, and broad-stemmed and leaf-shaped projectile points (Wessen 1990). Eustatic Sea Level rise continued through the Early period into the Middle period, eventually stabilizing between 7-5 thousand years ago. This period of time marks a significant shift in the overall environmental scheme which allowed for the establishment of a concentrated littoral adaptation. Archaeological evidence defining this period is seen in significant, widely spread changes in subsistence economy and residential patterns. Few, yet persistent lanceolate points, not uncommon in Olcott assemblages are present during this time and ground stone, bone and antler tools, and smaller, triangular projectile points are common. During the Late Period (3,500 to 150 years ago) human lifeways changed radically, as people focused increasingly on aquatic resources; the number and diversity of sites markedly increased. People maintained permanent villages on the coast and along the lower reaches of inland rivers (Chatters 1989; 1990). They used these as home bases and storage warehouses for fish, shellfish, game, and plant foods systematically gathered during the warmer seasons. Shell- middens built up in coastal settings (Grabert 1988). Cemeteries are found adjacent to larger villages, midden sites, and fishing camps and petroglyph sites occasionally occur in higher upland environments. Small camps, left by hunters, fishers, plant gatherers, and traders are found from the lowlands well into the mountains, but usually remain close to larger, permanent sources of water. Typically, these sites are located along trade routes that linked communities living east and west of the Cascades (Burtchard 2003). Open, temporary camps, occurring as lithic scatters, are common in these settings. Blazed cedars, stripped of bark in order to make basketry or with planks removed from the base of their trunks, are still found in the lowlands (Gunther 1973). Ethnographic Context The native occupants of the project area were the Lushootseed-speaking Salish peoples who shared ties with other Puget Sound cultures (Suttles and Lane 1990). This area was utilized by several specific groups including the Shotlemamish, Puyallup, and the Suquamish. The Puyallup Tribe claim the traditional territory in the project area proper (Spier 1936; Suttles and Lane 1990). Records held at DAHP, indicate that no cultural resources are recorded on or in the immediate vicinity of the Ellingson property. Regardless, the Puyallup lived in villages between the Puyallup River and Mount Rainier, along the Puyallup, Carbon and Stuck rivers. These coastal people relied on a diet of fish, roots, berries, and wild game. There is evidence to suggest a marginal difference in diet between coast-dwelling groups of Puget Sound and the more inland peoples who lived along rivers with the latter group focusing more on upland game animals instead of marine resources. (Smith 1941, Bryan 1963, Nelson 1990). Smith (1940) reports the Muckleshoot traveling to the beaches at Redondo and Adelaide by overland trails near the project and Ballard (1929) reports that the Muckleshoot fished for 8 salmon at Peasley Canyon. Closer to the project, the place name associated with Dolloff Lake is interpreted as "where there are whales" (Waterman 1920). Historic Context The first record of Puget Sound was made by Peter Puget, a Second Lieutenant of Captain George Vancouver’s expedition in 1792. But it wasn’t until the Wilkes expedition in 1841 that the project area, including a number of the local river mouths were mapped. Europeans began settling the area four years later. The local timber industry was established with a water- powered mill in 1852, which was soon after followed by Euroamerican development of the project area. Rapid development by Euroamericans severely impacted the local people, causing them to be “relocated” to the Puyallup, Muckleshoot and Squaxin Island reservations under the Medicine Creek Treaty. The project area grew rapidly over the course of the next several decades. With the advent of railroads into the area, connecting other local transportation routes helped create reliable modes of import and export of goods. Dredging of the local waterways facilitated using them for commerce; Sediments from the dredging were used to build up the local waterfront, which allowed for even greater expansion. The project area proper was settled by non-native people in the late 1800s. One of the earliest non-native families to settle the area were the Webbs who came to Federal Way in 1890. The Webb family purchased a 120 acre parcel at the location of “The Commons”, formerly the Sea Tac mall. The Webb family used the land as a cattle ranch until the 1950s when commercial development moved into the area. Because of the Webb family farm, Federal Way was originally referred to as “Webb Center”. After development of Highway 99, which was federally-funded, the area became known as “Federal Way”. The Danilchik property is one of the last plots of undeveloped land in the area. Methodology Review of Pertinent Literature and Map Resources Prior to field investigations, CGA conducted a records review and literature search for the Ellingson property based partly on records kept at the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP) in Olympia, Washington. CGA staff researched archaeological site forms, cultural resource reports, modern and historic maps, historic inventory forms, and National Register of Historic Places nomination forms as they apply to the project area. Field Methods CGA Principal Brett Lenz initiated the physical field assessment of the property to identify any readily observable surficial cultural materials or features. Exposure of surface geology is good, with glacial material present in tree-falls and local ground disturbances. CGA field archaeologists completed a 100% walkover survey along transects that were spaced no greater than 5 meters apart. This was followed by a subsurface survey consisting of systematic shovel probes placed no greater than 10 meters apart. 9 Results Recorded Archaeological Resources and Project Expectations A review of records kept by the DAHP show a distinct lack of archaeological sites in the project vicinity, likely due in part to a low incidence of cultural resource survey work. The closest archaeological sites are 45KI3, a burial and campsite at Redondo beach one mile to the west and 45KI297, a demolished log cabin two miles to the east of the project site. Based on patterns of prehistoric, ethnographic and historic settlement and land use in this area, identifying archaeological resources associated with vert late prehistoric cultural occupation periods and historic sites associated with historic development was considered a moderate probability. Field Survey The fieldwork for the current assessment was conducted on June 14, 15 and 16, 2019. CGA archaeologist Brett Lenz, Andrew Murphy and Danielle Clingman completed the field assessment. As a result of the project location within a forested area, on-site vegetation was heavey and ground surface visibility was poor; however, exposed sediments were limited across the project area, restricted to small, disturbed portions of land along the sloped areas of the project. After the surface survey we conducted a comprehensive shovel probe survey placing 123 probes across the project (Figure 3, Table 1). Conclusions and Recommendations Investigation of the project site resulted in the observation of no cultural materials identified. None of the structures present on the property meet the historic age threshold, and no other cultural resources were found as a result of the survey. CGA recommends no further consideration of cultural resources as a result of our survey. If ground disturbing or other construction activities result in the inadvertent discovery of buried archaeology, the development work should cease, and immediate contact should be made with the appropriate Tribal contacts, as well as the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation in Olympia. 10 Figure 3. Shovel probe locations. Transects are oriented from east (right) to west (left). See Table 1 for shovel probe descriptions. 11 References Ames, Kenneth M., Don E. Dumond, Jerry R. Galm, and Rick Minor (1998) Prehistory of the Southern Plateau. In Plateau, edited by Deward E. Walker Jr., pages 103-119. Volume 12 Handbook of North American Indians, William C. Sturtevant, General Editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. Boas, Franz and James Teit (1930). The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateau. Lancaster, Pennsylvania and New York: Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology 45:23-197, 295-396, 447-758 Bouchard, Randall T. and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy (1984). Indian History and Knowledge of the Lower Similkameen River - Palmer Lake Area, Okanogan County, Washington: Report prepared for USACOE Seattle District. Bryan, Alan L. (1963). An archaeological survey of northern Puget Sound. Occasional Papers of the Idaho State University Museum No. 11. Idaho State University Museum, Pocatello Idaho. Burtchard, Greg C. (2003). Environment, Prehistory & Archaeology of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington. Butler, B. Robert (1961). The Old Cordilleran Culture in the Pacific Northwest. Occasional Papers of the Idaho State College Museum, No. 5. Idaho State College, Pocatello. Chance, David H. and Jennifer Chance (1985) Kettle Falls 1978: Further Archaeological Excavations in Lake Roosevelt. University of Idaho Anthropological Reports No. 84. Alfred W. Bowers Laboratory of Anthropology, Moscow. Cannon, Michael D. and David J. Meltzer. (2004). Early Paleoindian foraging: examining the faunal evidence for large mammal specialization and regional variability in prey choice: Quaternary Science Reviews 23 Carlson, Roy. (1990). Cultural Antecedents. In Northwest Coast, Handbook of North American Indians. W. Settles, ed. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press. Vol. 7. Cole, Douglas and David Darling. (1990). “History of the early period.” In Handbook of North American Indians. Vol. 7. Northwest Coast. pp.119-134. Ed. Wayne Suttles. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. Easterbrook, D.J. (1994a) Chronology of pre-late Wisconsin Pleistocene sediments in the Puget Lowland, Washington, in Lasmanis, R., and Cheney, E.S., eds., Regional geology of Washington State: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Bulletin 80, 191-206. Fladmark, Knut. (1982) An Introduction to the Prehistory of British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Archaeology 6:95-156. Franklin, J.F., and C.T. Dyrness. (1988). Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Corvallis, Oregon: Oregon State University Press. 12 Gramly, Richard Michael. (1991). The Richey Clovis cache; Persimmon Press, Buffalo, NY Gustafson, C. E., Dilbow, and R. Daugherty. (1979). The Manis mastadon site: Early man on the Olympic Peninsula. Canadian Journal of Archaeology 3:157-164. Harrison, E. M. (1951). Archaeological Site Inventory Form for 45IS8. Site record on file with the WashingtonState Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation. Olympia. Honey, William, John A. Draper, and Sandra Snyder (1979). A Survey and Evaluation of Cultural Resources Phase I of the Oroville-Tonasket Unit Extension, Department of Anthropology Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Huckleberry, Gary, Lenz, Brett R., Gough, Stan and Jerry Galm, (2003). Recent geoarchaeological discoveries in central Washington: GSA Field Guide 4: Western Cordillera and Adjacent Areas pp. 237–249 Kennedy, Dorothy, and Randall T. Bouchard, (1998). In Plateau, Handbook of North American Indians. W. Settles, ed. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press. Vol. 12. Kincade, M. Dale, Elmendorf, William W., Rigsby, Bruce and Haruo Aoki, (1998). Languages. In Plateau, Handbook of North American Indians. W. Settles, ed. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press. Vol. 12. Kirk, Ruth and Carmela Alexander. (1990). Exploring Washington’s past: a road guide to history. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Wash. Lenz, Brett R. (2006). Geoarchaeology of the Richey Clovis cache, east Wenatchee, Washington. Paper presented at the 2006 American Quaternary Meetings, Boseman, MT. Lenz, Brett R. (In prep). Initial colonization of the Columbia Plateau, Pacific Northwest, USA. doctoral dissertation, Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, United Kingdom. Leonhardy, Frank C. and David G. Rice. (1970). A Proposed Culture Typology for the Snake River Region of Southeastern Washington. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 4(1):1-29. Moscow. Lewarch, Dennis E. and James R. Benson. (1989). Prehistoric upland land use in the Yakima Folds Region of the Western Columbia Plateau. Archaeology in Washington 1:31-47. Matson, D.G., and G. Copeland. (1995). Prehistory of the northwest coast. San Diego California: Academic Press. Meany, Edmond S. (1910) History of the State of Washington. The Macmillan Company, New York. Mehringer, P. J., Jr. (1985). Age of the Clovis cache at east Wenatchee, Washington. Report to the Washington State Preservation Office. On file, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman. 13 Morgan, V.E. (1999). The SR-1-1 Sequim bypass archaeological project: Mid- to Late-Holocene occupation on the Olympic Peninsula, Clallam County, Washington. Reports in Archaeology and History. No. 100-108. Cheney, Washington: Eastern Washington University. Nelson, Charles M. (1969) The Sunset Creek Site (45-KT-28) and its Place in Plateau Prehistory. Laboratory of Anthropology Report of Investigation 47(or 46), Washington State University, Pullman. Pokotylo, D. L. and D. Mitchell (1998) Prehistory of the Northern Plateau. In Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 12, Plateau, edited by D. E. Walker, pp. 81 - 102. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C. Ray, Verne (1939). Cultural relations in the Plateau of Northwestern America. Publications of the Frederick Webb Hodge Anniversary Publication Fund 2. Los Angeles: Southwestern Museum. Richards, Thomas H. and Michael K. Rousseau. (1987). Late Prehistoric Cultural Horizons on the Canadian Plateau. Department of Archaeology Publication No. 16. Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia. Speir, Leslie. (1938). The Sinkaietk or Southern Okanogan of Washington. General Series in Anthropology 6; Contributions from the Laboratory of Anthropology 2. Menasha, Wis.: George Banta. Teit, James A. (1930). The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus. Franz Boas ed.. Pp. 23-396 in 45th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology for 1927 to 1928. Washington. 14 TABLE 1. Shovel Probe Data Probe #Levels (cmbs)Texture Comments Probe #Levels (cmbs)Texture Comments 1 0-10 duff No CR 8 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 2 0-10 duff No CR 9 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 3 0-10 duff Plastic bag 10 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 4 0-10 duff No CR 11 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 5 0-10 duff No CR 12 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel "Tab" soda can 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 6 0-10 duff No CR 13 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 7 0-10 duff No CR 14 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 15 TABLE 1. Shovel Probe Data (Continued) Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 15 0-10 duff No CR 22 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 50 Greyish sand loam No CR 16 0-10 duff No CR 23 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 17 0-10 duff No CR 24 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 18 0-10 duff No CR 25 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 19 0-10 duff No CR 26 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 0-10 duff No CR 27 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 21 0-10 duff No CR 28 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 16 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 29 0-10 duff No CR 36 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 0-10 duff No CR 37 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 31 0-10 duff No CR 38 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 32 0-10 duff No CR 39 0-10 duff Plastic;No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 33 0-10 duff No CR 40 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 34 0-10 duff No CR 41 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 35 0-10 duff No CR 42 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 17 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 43 0-10 duff No CR 50 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 44 0-10 duff No CR 51 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 45 0-10 duff Plastic bag 52 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 46 0-10 duff No CR 53 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 47 0-10 duff No CR 54 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 55 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 48 0-10 duff No CR 55 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 49 0-10 duff Red brick? 56 0-10 duff Plastic;No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 18 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 57 0-10 duff No CR 64 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 58 0-10 duff No CR 65 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 59 0-10 duff No CR 66 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 60 0-10 duff No CR 67 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 61 0-10 duff No CR 68 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 62 0-10 duff No CR 69 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 63 0-10 duff No CR 70 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 19 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 71 0-10 duff No CR 78 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Ceramic;No CR 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 72 0-10 duff No CR 79 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 73 0-10 duff No CR 80 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 74 0-10 duff No CR 81 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No Cr 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 75 0-10 duff No CR 82 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 76 0-10 duff No CR 83 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 77 0-10 duff No CR 84 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 85 0-10 duff No CR 92 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 86 0-10 duff No CR 93 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 87 0-10 duff No CR 94 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 88 0-10 duff No CR 95 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 89 0-10 duff No CR 96 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 90 0-10 duff No CR 97 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 91 0-10 duff No CR 98 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 21 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 99 0-10 duff No CR 106 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel Ceramic;No CR 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 100 0-10 duff No CR 107 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 101 0-10 duff No CR 108 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 102 0-10 duff No CR 109 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No Cr 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 103 0-10 duff No CR 110 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 104 0-10 duff No CR 111 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 105 0-10 duff No CR 112 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel Mazama 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 22 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 112 0-10 duff No CR 119 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 113 0-10 duff No CR 120 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 114 0-10 duff No CR 121 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Dark Greyi Gravelly sand loam No CR 115 0-10 duff No CR 122 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 116 0-10 duff No CR 123 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Dark Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 117 0-10 duff No CR 124 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 118 0-10 duff No CR 125 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 25 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 25 to 50 Dark Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 23 Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments Probe # Levels (cmbs) Texture Comments 126 0-10 duff No CR 133 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 15 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 15 to 20 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 127 0-10 duff No CR 134 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 15 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 15 to 20 Gark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 128 0-10 duff No CR 135 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 15 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 15 to 20 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 129 0-10 duff No CR 136 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 35 Tan loam +gravel No CR 10- to 15 Tan loam +gravel No Cr 35 to 60 Gravelly sand loam No CR 15 to 20 Dark Grey Gravelly sand loam No CR 130 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 30 Tan loam +gravel No CR 30 to 60 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 131 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Gravelly sand loam No CR 32 0-10 duff No CR 10- to 20 Tan loam +gravel No CR 20 to 50 Greyish Gravelly sand loam No CR 24